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A Second Supplement To, and Summary of Stewart and Corry's Flora of the North-East of Ireland

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A Second Supplement To, and Summary of Stewart and Corry's Flora of the North-East of Ireland A SECOND SUPPLEMENT 10, AJtD SUMMARY OF STEWART AND.CORRY'S FLORA F THE NORTH-EAST OP IRELAND. COMPILED BY SYLVANUS WEAB. With an Introduction by R, Lloyd Praeqer. PCJBUiHSO »X THE BELFAST NATURALISTS' FIELD OLUB. Sold by Euxufi Matkx, Booxsbixzb, Doxsoaxx Sqcarb Wxst, fiu.rA«i 1923. iCtbrarw Q,K507 North (Earnlina g'tate This book is due on the date indicated below and is subject to an overdue fine as posted at the Circulation Desk, « II 'i iiiiiii II I ililtHi I Jtaf^j-j-^ "^V! \A\I S WkAK. face Title [Photo D. Iloo Tu page ] J. A SECOND SUPPLEMENT TO, AND SUMMARY OF STEWART AND CORRY'S FLORA OF THE NORTH-EAST OF IRELAND. COMPILED BY SYLVANUS WEAR. With an Introduction by E. Lloyd Praeger. Pur.LlSHED BY THE BELFAST NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB. Sold by W. Erskine Mayne. Bookseller, Donecjall Square West, Belfast. 19'2,S. — ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. xi. p. Add to List of Contractions : D'Arcy—Moat Rev. C. F. D'Arcy, Lord riimate. Greer—Thomas Greer, Stewartstown. Porter—W. Porter, iJaliuorMl, Ik'lfa.st. p. -r.i. After 0//o/>nr/n\- add :-- Anthyllis Vulneraria 1,. Ooniiuon. F/. 38. DO. AN, LD pp. riG— I'iS. AddtoLidex:- Aconis, 98. .ligopodiuni, 48. Comarum, 33. Smyrnium, 47. p. 128. Pyrola : for t_i5 read 67. INTRODUCTION. STEWART and Corry's /'lora of the North-East of Irtland was published by the surviving editor, Samuel Alexander Stewart, in 1888. Itgaveforthe first time a full account of the flora ot the home counties of the north-eastern botanist (Down, Antrim and Londonderry). In ISilf) a fir.st Supplement to the Flora was published by S. A. Stewart and R. Lloyd Praeger, in which a considerable number of additional species, and new localities for rarer species, were given. The object of the present publication is two-fold. It forms a second Supple- ment to tiie Flora, detailing the additional information relative to local plant distribution that has accrued in the twenty-eight years which have elapsed since the appearance of the tirst Supplemeut. And secondly it is designed to act as a synopsis of our knowledge of the flora up to date. To effect this, all plants which oc('ur in the district are included, and to the details of any additional in- formation relative to each species which may have accrued since the issue of the first Supplement, a reference is added to the page of the Flora or of the first Supplement on which earlier information concerning the plant in question is to be obtained. While the list of plants thus represents the whole Mora as at present known, the reader, in order to obtain full information as to the distri- bution of a species, must consult the Ftora and the tirst Supplement at the pages named, in addition to noting the additional stations given. The ineparation of the present Supplement was entrusted by the Committee of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club to a Sub- Committee consisting of S. A. Bennett, B.Sr., N. Carrothers, 11. Lloyd Praeger, D.Sc, A. W. Steliox. W. J. C. Tomlinson, Rev. C. H. AYaddell, B.D., and Sylvanus Wear. The labour ot jire- paring the manuscript from all existing material fell entirely on the last-named; this task he carried to a successful close, and after a brief illness he died within a fitting memorial of one week of its completion ; its thoroughness and accuracy are a of the most careful and industrious of local workers, and one of the most helpful and most modest of men. Death has been busy among the lanks of local botanists. The present i)ublication enshrines the last work of Canon I,ett and Mr. Waddell, both of whom did so much for h-ish botany, and also posthumous notes of W. J. C. Tomlinson, Rev. S. A. Brenan, Mrs. Leebody and S. A. Stewart. Stewart's later work was mainly published in the first Supplement in 189"), to which S. A. Brenan, J. H. Davies, Miss Knowles, Mrs. Leebody, Canon Lett, R. Lloyd Praeger, and C. 11. Waddell were also extensive contributors. Of those who contributed in any material measure to the original Flora published in 1H88, the present writer is the only one left alive. Progress of Research. At the time of its publication, the Flora of the North-East of Ireland j)resented the most detailed account of plant distribution yet published for any part of tliis country. The numerous stations for the rai-er plants which it gave represented the -work of m;iny past and present workers, notably John Tenipleton, David Moore, William Thompson, G. C. Hyudman, Ralph Tate, George Dickie, William Milieu, and F. Whitla. But the great bulk of the material represented S. A. Stewart's own work. He had been collecting information for twenty-five years, and had been exploring the area systematically during the greater portion of that period. His co-editor T. H. Corry was di-owned while botanizing on Lough Gill only a short time after he had joined Stewart in the scheme, which threw more work still upon that indefatigable botanist. Taking into account Stewart's limited time and narrow circumstances, and the fact that he was self- taught in botany as in other things, the Flora is a noble monument to his industry. But the district was by no means exhausted. The " Supplement," published seven years later, gives a list of some twenty additions to the Flora, exclusive of some twenty -five Bramble and Hawkweed segregates, and includes many import- ant exten.sions of range. The fact that the number of additions is not larger in spite of active Avork on the part of local botanists shows the thoroughness of Stewjtrt's work. Now, thirty-live years have elap?ed since the f'lora was published, and a much greater advance can be recorded. Exclusive of segregates of Rubus, Rosa, and Hieracium, the number of species added to the original Flora is about fifty- flve. Mo.st of these are wholly new discoveries so far as the North-east is con- cerned, but some had been, or were supposed to have been, found previously, but were not admitted to the Fhra on the grounds of being not native nor naturalized, or wrongly named. These additions include some very interesting plants, a few of which deserve special mention. Spiranthes Romanznffiana is the most interesting member of our flora. This Orchid, widely .spread in northern North America (and just crossing Behring Straits into Asia) was for eighty-two years (1810-1892) known in Europe only from a limited area of County Cork. Its discovery in Armagh in 1892 has been followed by the finding of numerous other stations around Lough Neagh and on the Upper and Lower Bann ; while confined to the one river system, it is now known to occur in the Counties of Down, Antrim, Derry, Tyrone, and Armagh, and in many of its stations it is [jresent in considerable abundance. And just as our area can now claim to pos.sess one of the American plants which give an added interest to the flora of Leland, so it can now also show one of the southern species which are a striking feature of the Irish flora, and whose mingling with the northern plants in the AVest of Ireland forms one of the most remarkable phenomena of European vegetation. The grass Glycena trstncae- formis, found abundantly around Strangford Lough (and also in tlie Shannon estuary) is elsewhere exclusively Mediterranean in its range. — — The Scottish nnd Scandinavi.ui element in tlie Irish flora has its focus in Co. Antrim, and this featuie has been eni])liftsi>;ed by the finding in that county of three northern Sedges, dair.v /xnici/Zura, (,'. inli/ua, U. ai/nalilis, (tlie tirst two contined in Ireland to the Antrim moors), as well us various Hawkwceds. 'J"he local alpine flora, (whicii is poor in spite of tiie elevated habitats olfered by the Mourne Mountains) has been enriched by the addition oi ^nKs.iuiea nlpiiia. (Jn the other hand, work in Co. Down especially has extended into our district the range of a luiuiber of ])lants whose centre of distribution lies further south in Ireland. Some of these are seacoast plants Cuch/raria (otglica (Derry), Trigo- nella or)iithopodioides (Down), Cnthmum maritimuin (Down, Antrim), Artemisia maritima (Down), fitatictoccideuddia (Down), Zostrra nana (Down). Others are characteristic of the Central Plain of Ireland. This is a limestone area with much water, and the spread of .some of the plants to Co. Down has apparently been assisted by the disjtersal over the Silurian area during the Ice Age of lime- stone from Castle Espie near Comber. In Co. Antrim the basalt furnishes a soil rich in lime, while along the ooast limy sands have allowed the spread of other calcicole species. The additional plants which are characteristic of the Central Plain include Ramtuculns circiualits, Stellaria palustris, Orchis pyramidalit, I'oiamofff'ioii pUiutaginetis, Charu pobjacaiUha. The finding of Carex ejileusa on Lough Neagh is interesting, adding another maritime species to the group of seaside plants which form a peculiar feature of the flora of that lake. This group now includes Viola Ciirtisii, Spergularia rupestris, Ceraslium semidecaiidrum, C. arvetise, Erodium cicutarium, Trijolium arveusf, Scirpus mariiimus, S. Taheruaemoittani, Carex extensa. These are in Ireland all characteristically maritime species, and several of them have no other inland station in the country. Othei' interesting additions include Nasturtium sylvestre (Down), characteristic of the river system of S.E. Ireland; Teesdalia tiudicaulis {Down, also Tyrone) unknoM-n elsewhere in Ireland ; Galium sylvestre (Antrim), elsewhere in Ireland contined to the western limestone rocks from Kerry to Leitrim ; Eypochaeris glabra (Derry).
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