The Biochemical and Molecular Effects of Amnionic Nutrient Administration
Foye, Ondulla Tyvette The biochemical and molecular effects of amnionic nutrient administration, “in ovo feeding” on intestinal development and function and carbohydrate metabolism in turkey embryos and poults. (Under the direction of Peter Ferket) Unlike the mammalian embryo, the avian embryo has a finite amount of energy and nutrients for growth and development. In ovo feeding (IOF), the administration of exogenous nutrients into the amnion, may enhance egg nutriture and early growth performance by improving glycogen status and maturation and function of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This hypothesis was challenged by evaluating 5 IOF solutions in 2experiments. In experiment-1, IOF solutions were protein (EWP), HMB and carbohydrate (CHO). IOF treatments were arranged as a factorial arrangement of 2 levels EWP (0 and 18%), 2 levels HMB (0 and 0.1%). The CHO IOF solution (20% dextrin and 3% maltose) was evaluated for contrast. In experiment 2, IOF solutions were HMB, arginine (ARG), and EWP. Treatments were arranged as a factorial arrangement of 2 levels HMB (0 and 0.1%), 2 levels ARG (0 and 0.7%). EWP (18% EWP + 0.1% HMB + 0.7% ARG) was evaluated for contrast. At 23 d of incubation (23E) 1.5 ml of IOF solution was administered. Upon hatch, poults were provided feed and water ad libitum. In experiment 1, body weights (BW) were determined at hatch, 3 and 7 d, and tissues were sampled for glycogen content of liver and muscle (PC). In experiment 2, BW were determined at hatch and 3, 7, 10, and 14 days and samples were taken to determine glycogen content of liver and PC, hepatic glucose-6-phoshatase (G6P) activity, and jejunal sucrase (S), maltase (M), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity.
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