PERSPECTIVES on Science and Christian Faith
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Eine Welt Allein Ist Nicht Genug“ Großbritannien, Hannover Und Göttingen 1714 – 1837
1 Göttinger Bibliotheksschriften 31 2 3 „Eine Welt allein ist nicht genug“ Großbritannien, Hannover und Göttingen 1714 – 1837 Herausgegeben von Elmar Mittler Katalogredaktion: Silke Glitsch und Ivonne Rohmann Göttingen 2005 4 Ausstellung in der Paulinerkirche Göttingen 20. März–20. Mai 2005 Unterstützt von: © Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen 2005 Redaktionelle Assistenz: Meike Holodiuk • Anica Rose Umschlag: Ronald Schmidt • Satz: Michael Kakuschke • Jürgen Kader Digital Imaging: Martin Liebetruth • Einband: Burghard Teuteberg ISBN 3-930457-75-X ISSN 0943-951X 5 Zum Geleit Elmar Mittler .............................................................................................. 9 Von der Manufakturstadt zum „Leine-Athen“. Göttingen, 1714–1837 Hermann Wellenreuther ........................................................................... 11 Exponate A .............................................................................................. 29 Personalunion mit England und Mitglied im Reich: Von Kurhannover zum Königreich Hannover, 1690–1837 Hermann Wellenreuther ........................................................................... 32 Exponate B .............................................................................................. 49 Britische Bilder und Vorstellungen von Deutschland im 18. Jahrhundert Frauke Geyken ......................................................................................... 52 Exponate C ............................................................................................. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy. Fatoohi, Louay J. How to cite: Fatoohi, Louay J. (1998) First visibility of the lunar crescent and other problems in historical astronomy., Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/996/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk me91 In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful >° 9 43'' 0' eji e' e e> igo4 U61 J CO J: lic 6..ý v Lo ý , ý.,, "ý J ýs ýºý. ur ý,r11 Lýi is' ý9r ZU LZJE rju No disaster can befall on the earth or in your souls but it is in a book before We bring it into being; that is easy for Allah. In order that you may not grieve for what has escaped you, nor be exultant at what He has given you; and Allah does not love any prideful boaster. -
Tímaákvarðanir Á Myrkvum Valinna Myrkvatvístirna Og Þvergöngum Fjarreikistjarna, Árin 2017-2018, Og Fjarlægðamælingar
Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017—2018 Snævarr Guðmundsson 2019 Náttúrustofa Suðausturlands Litlubrú 2, 780 Höfn í Hornafirði Nýheimar, Litlubrú 2 780 Höfn Í Hornafirði www.nattsa.is Skýrsla nr. Dagsetning Dreifing NattSA 2019-04 10. apríl 2019 Opin Fjöldi síðna 109 Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, Fjöldi mynda 229 þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017- 2018. Verknúmer 1280 Höfundur: Snævarr Guðmundsson Verkefnið var styrkt af Prófarkarlestur Þorsteinn Sæmundsson, Kristín Hermannsdóttir og Lilja Jóhannesdóttir Útdráttur Hér er gert grein fyrir stjörnuathugunum á Hornafirði á árabilinu 2017 til loka árs 2018. Í flestum tilfellum voru viðfangsefnin óeiginlegar breytistjörnur, aðallega myrkvatvístirni, en einnig var fylgst með nokkrum fjarreikistjörnum. Í mælingum á myrkvatvístirnum og fjarreikistjörnum er markmiðið að tímasetja myrkva og þvergöngur. Einnig er sagt frá niðurstöðum á nándarstjörnunni Ross 248 og athugunum á lausþyrpingunni NGC 7790 og breytistjörnum í nágrenni hennar. Markmið mælinga á nándarstjörnu og lausþyrpingum er að meta fjarlægðir eða aðra eiginleika fyrirbæranna. Að lokum eru kynntar athuganir á litrófi nokkurra bjartra stjarna. Í samantektinni er sagt frá hverju viðfangsefni í sérköflum. Þessi samantekt er sú þriðja um stjörnuathuganir sem er gefin út af Náttúrustofu Suðausturlands. Niðurstöður hafa verið sendar í alþjóðlegan gagnagrunn þar sem þær, ásamt fjölda sambærilegra mæligagna frá stjörnuáhugamönnum, eru aðgengilegar stjarnvísindasamfélaginu. Hægt er að sækja skýrslur um stjörnuathuganir á vefslóðina: http://nattsa.is/utgefid-efni/. Lykilorð: myrkvatvístirni, fjarreikistjörnur, breytistjörnur, lausþyrpingar, ljósmælingar, fjarlægðir stjarna, litróf stjarna. ii Tímaákvarðanir á myrkvum valinna myrkvatvístirna, þvergöngum fjarreikistjarna og fjarlægðamælingar, árin 2017-2018. — Annáll 2017-2018. Timings of selected eclipsing binaries, exoplanet transits and distance measurements in 2017- 2018. -
Binocular Double Star Logbook
Astronomical League Binocular Double Star Club Logbook 1 Table of Contents Alpha Cassiopeiae 3 14 Canis Minoris Sh 251 (Oph) Psi 1 Piscium* F Hydrae Psi 1 & 2 Draconis* 37 Ceti Iota Cancri* 10 Σ2273 (Dra) Phi Cassiopeiae 27 Hydrae 40 & 41 Draconis* 93 (Rho) & 94 Piscium Tau 1 Hydrae 67 Ophiuchi 17 Chi Ceti 35 & 36 (Zeta) Leonis 39 Draconis 56 Andromedae 4 42 Leonis Minoris Epsilon 1 & 2 Lyrae* (U) 14 Arietis Σ1474 (Hya) Zeta 1 & 2 Lyrae* 59 Andromedae Alpha Ursae Majoris 11 Beta Lyrae* 15 Trianguli Delta Leonis Delta 1 & 2 Lyrae 33 Arietis 83 Leonis Theta Serpentis* 18 19 Tauri Tau Leonis 15 Aquilae 21 & 22 Tauri 5 93 Leonis OΣΣ178 (Aql) Eta Tauri 65 Ursae Majoris 28 Aquilae Phi Tauri 67 Ursae Majoris 12 6 (Alpha) & 8 Vul 62 Tauri 12 Comae Berenices Beta Cygni* Kappa 1 & 2 Tauri 17 Comae Berenices Epsilon Sagittae 19 Theta 1 & 2 Tauri 5 (Kappa) & 6 Draconis 54 Sagittarii 57 Persei 6 32 Camelopardalis* 16 Cygni 88 Tauri Σ1740 (Vir) 57 Aquilae Sigma 1 & 2 Tauri 79 (Zeta) & 80 Ursae Maj* 13 15 Sagittae Tau Tauri 70 Virginis Theta Sagittae 62 Eridani Iota Bootis* O1 (30 & 31) Cyg* 20 Beta Camelopardalis Σ1850 (Boo) 29 Cygni 11 & 12 Camelopardalis 7 Alpha Librae* Alpha 1 & 2 Capricorni* Delta Orionis* Delta Bootis* Beta 1 & 2 Capricorni* 42 & 45 Orionis Mu 1 & 2 Bootis* 14 75 Draconis Theta 2 Orionis* Omega 1 & 2 Scorpii Rho Capricorni Gamma Leporis* Kappa Herculis Omicron Capricorni 21 35 Camelopardalis ?? Nu Scorpii S 752 (Delphinus) 5 Lyncis 8 Nu 1 & 2 Coronae Borealis 48 Cygni Nu Geminorum Rho Ophiuchi 61 Cygni* 20 Geminorum 16 & 17 Draconis* 15 5 (Gamma) & 6 Equulei Zeta Geminorum 36 & 37 Herculis 79 Cygni h 3945 (CMa) Mu 1 & 2 Scorpii Mu Cygni 22 19 Lyncis* Zeta 1 & 2 Scorpii Epsilon Pegasi* Eta Canis Majoris 9 Σ133 (Her) Pi 1 & 2 Pegasi Δ 47 (CMa) 36 Ophiuchi* 33 Pegasi 64 & 65 Geminorum Nu 1 & 2 Draconis* 16 35 Pegasi Knt 4 (Pup) 53 Ophiuchi Delta Cephei* (U) The 28 stars with asterisks are also required for the regular AL Double Star Club. -
GTO Keypad Manual, V5.001
ASTRO-PHYSICS GTO KEYPAD Version v5.xxx Please read the manual even if you are familiar with previous keypad versions Flash RAM Updates Keypad Java updates can be accomplished through the Internet. Check our web site www.astro-physics.com/software-updates/ November 11, 2020 ASTRO-PHYSICS KEYPAD MANUAL FOR MACH2GTO Version 5.xxx November 11, 2020 ABOUT THIS MANUAL 4 REQUIREMENTS 5 What Mount Control Box Do I Need? 5 Can I Upgrade My Present Keypad? 5 GTO KEYPAD 6 Layout and Buttons of the Keypad 6 Vacuum Fluorescent Display 6 N-S-E-W Directional Buttons 6 STOP Button 6 <PREV and NEXT> Buttons 7 Number Buttons 7 GOTO Button 7 ± Button 7 MENU / ESC Button 7 RECAL and NEXT> Buttons Pressed Simultaneously 7 ENT Button 7 Retractable Hanger 7 Keypad Protector 8 Keypad Care and Warranty 8 Warranty 8 Keypad Battery for 512K Memory Boards 8 Cleaning Red Keypad Display 8 Temperature Ratings 8 Environmental Recommendation 8 GETTING STARTED – DO THIS AT HOME, IF POSSIBLE 9 Set Up your Mount and Cable Connections 9 Gather Basic Information 9 Enter Your Location, Time and Date 9 Set Up Your Mount in the Field 10 Polar Alignment 10 Mach2GTO Daytime Alignment Routine 10 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR NEW SETUPS OR SETUP IN NEW LOCATION 11 Assemble Your Mount 11 Startup Sequence 11 Location 11 Select Existing Location 11 Set Up New Location 11 Date and Time 12 Additional Information 12 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR MOUNTS USED AT THE SAME LOCATION WITHOUT A COMPUTER 13 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR COMPUTER CONTROLLED MOUNTS 14 1 OBJECTS MENU – HAVE SOME FUN! -
Binocular Universe: Putting Our Best Foot Forward March 2011
Binocular Universe: Putting Our Best Foot Forward March 2011 Phil Harrington The Vernal Equinox can't come soon enough for me. What a winter it's been here in the northeastern United States. Good riddance! But before we bid farewell to the winter sky entirely, let's visit some of the binocular objects that lie in and around the constellation Gemini. This month, we find the sky's twin brothers, Castor and Pollux, standing at attention in our western sky, as if to pay homage to those setting constellations. We kick things off with the constellation's best known deep-sky treasure, M35. You'll find this spectacular open cluster at the foot of the twin Castor. Trace his body down from his namesake star toward his ankle and foot, which are marked by an arc of three stars, Mu, Eta, and 1 Geminorum. M35 lies to the northwest of Eta Gem. Its position near Castor's big toe leads me to think of this as the Soccer Ball Cluster, since it looks like Castor is about to kick it right between the horns of Taurus the Bull! Left: Spring star map, adapted from the author's book, Star Watch. Finder chart for this month's Binocular Universe from TUBA, www.philharrington.net/tuba.htm Shining at about 5th magnitude, M35 can actually be glimpsed by eye alone on the darkest nights. But it takes binoculars to expose the true beauty of this object. Even when used under moderate suburban light pollution, most 7x50 and 10x50 binoculars resolve the brightest dozen or so cluster stars against the misty glow from an additional 200 fainter suns that make up this outstanding stellar gathering. -
Los Gemelos Que Se Intercambian La Inmortalidad
LOS GEMELOS QUE SE INTERCAMBIAN LA INMORTALIDAD Rafael Rodríguez Díaz a geminacién de una estrella hace referencia a la existencia de una estrella doble, o gemela, ahí donde a simple vista L aparece un solo astro. (Comellas: 41) . Pues bien, en la cons telación de Géminis tenemos un caso curioso. La constelación se llama así porque sus dos estrellas principales -Cástor y Pólux• parecen gemelos: tienen casi el mismo brillo y están muy cerca la una de la otra. Pero, además, una de ellas -Cástor- es estrella doble. De donde resulta que en la constelaci6n de Géminis hay una "doble" geminnción¡ quizás, por eso, en castellano, no contén- 'tos con el nombre Gémini, como debería ser -porque es el plural del nombre, en latín- (Ruiz de Elvira: 475), le agregaron la s para recalcar que se está ante un caso reduplicativo de Gemelos. Gémi nis, pues, es la constelación de los dobles Gemelos. Estrellas de esas constelación son: Cástor (a), P6lux (P), Alhena ('Y), Wasat (B)", Mebsuta (E), Mekbuda(~)"", Propus (11)......, Tejat Vi). La figura que forman estas estrellas es la siguiente: • Al1lena es la gamma Geminorum; significa: "una marca" en el pie de Pólux, o también: "marca impresa con hierro candente en el pescuezo del camello", o: "el caminante orgulloso". Wasnt es la delta Geminorum; significa: lila de en medio". (Chartrand: 148; De Gortari: 106. •• Mebslltn es la épsilon Geminorum; significa: "el brazo tendido" o lila exten dida". Mekbuda es la zeta Geminorum; significa: "el brazo contraído del león". (de Gortari: 107). ••• Propus es la eta Geminorum; señala el pie izquierdo de Cástor. -
Culmination of a Constellation
Culmination of a Constellation Over any night, stars and constellations in the sky will appear to move from east to west due to the Earth’s rotation on its axis. A constellation will culminate (reach its highest point in the sky for your location) when it centres on the meridian - an imaginary line that runs across the sky from north to south and also passes through the zenith (the point high in the sky directly above your head). For example: When to Observe Constellations The taBle shows the approximate time (AEST) constellations will culminate around the middle (15th day) of each month. Constellations will culminate 2 hours earlier for each successive month. Note: add an hour to the given time when daylight saving time is in effect. The time “12” is midnight. Sunrise/sunset times are rounded off to the nearest half an hour. Sun- Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rise 5am 5:30 6am 6am 7am 7am 7am 6:30 6am 5am 4:30 4:30 Set 7pm 6:30 6pm 5:30 5pm 5pm 5pm 5:30 6pm 6pm 6:30 7pm And 5am 3am 1am 11pm 9pm Aqr 5am 3am 1am 11pm 9pm Aql 4am 2am 12 10pm 8pm Ara 4am 2am 12 10pm 8pm Ari 5am 3am 1am 11pm 9pm Aur 10pm 8pm 4am 2am 12 Boo 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Cnc 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm 3am CVn 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm CMa 11pm 9pm 7pm 3am 1am Cap 5am 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Car 2am 12 10pm 8pm 6pm Cen 4am 2am 12 10pm 8pm 6pm Cet 4am 2am 12 10pm 8pm Cha 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Col 10pm 8pm 4am 2am 12 Com 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm CrA 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm CrB 4am 2am 12 10pm 8pm Crv 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Cru 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Cyg 5am 3am 1am 11pm 9pm 7pm Del -
Macrocosmo Nº24
A PRIMEIRA REVISTA ELETRÔNICA BRASILEIRA EXCLUSIVA DE ASTRONOMIA macroCOSMO .com ISSN 1808-0731 Ano II - Edição n° 24 - Novembro de 2005 Eclipse Anular 3 de outubro de 2005 O O ^^Q uando a W Lua S o l oculta o w l Cratera de Colônia 25 anos da Aspectos Gerais The Planetary Society revista macroCOSMO .com Ano II - Edição n° 24 - Novembro de 2005 Editorial Redação [email protected] Assim como tantos outros fenômenos naturais, para as primeiras civilizações, os eclipses já foram atribuídos à sinais de múltiplas Diretor Editor Chefe divindades. Eclipses Solares e Lunares, eventos estes repentinos que Hemerson Brandão quebravam a imutabilidade do céu, eram interpretados como [email protected] manifestações de ira dos deuses, predizendo morte de chefes de estado, grandes catástrofes, guerras, e várias pragas. Diagramadores Mesmo nos dias de hoje, com toda a tecnologia e conhecimento Hemerson Brandão adquirido é comum pessoas ficarem receosas com o desaparecimento [email protected] repentino temporário do Sol ou da Lua. Exemplo disso são alguns cristãos Rodolfo Saccani fanáticos, que afirmam que os eclipses são indícios do “fim do mundo”. [email protected] Durante a história, enquanto alguns povos nômades cultivavam um Sharon Camargo temor mítico por esses fenômenos, povos sedentários se empenhavam [email protected] em entender sobre a periodicidade desses fenômenos raros, tentando encontrar padrões que permitissem a previsão dos eclipses. Para isso, Revisão muitos povos erigiram grandes templos e observatórios para estudo e Tasso Napoleão previsão de eclipses além de outros fenômenos celestes. Há quem afirme [email protected] que as pedras megalíticas de Stonehenge, nas ilhas britânicas, estão Walkiria Schulz dispostas numa posição que permitia ao povo que o construiu, prever [email protected] eclipses, há mais de 3700 anos. -
La Constelacion De Tauro
LA CONSTELACION DE TAURO Es una de las constelaciones más interesantes desde el punto de vista observacional entre las que podemos ver desde el hemisferio norte. En la zona de la bóveda celeste donde identificamos la constelación de Tauro encontramos estrellas dobles y dos bellísimos cúmulos abiertos, asi como la famosa Nebulosa del Cangrejo, objeto Messier M1. 1. Las constelaciones: una aparente imágen estelar: Desde nuestra perspectiva visual como habitantes de un pequeño planeta orbitando alrededor de una estrella en una cierta galaxia espiral, observamos, en todas las direcciones de la bóveda celeste, agrupaciones aparentes de estrellas que llamamos constelaciones. Decimos que son agrupaciones aparentes porque, realmente, no tienen que estar - de hecho no lo están en general - agrupadas físicamente. Es esta la misma situación que se nos plantea en nuestra vida cotidiana cuando observamos a lo lejos dos objetos que aparentan estar juntos, y, ante la duda de si lo están o no, nosotros nos movemos lateralmente a una distancia suficiente para observarlos desde una perspectiva lateral. Es en ese momento cuando, vistos desde otro ángulo, comprobamos si están entre sí próximos o no. Este movimiento lateral es muy sencillo de realizar en nuestros avatares de la vida cotidiana, pero es evidente que, a escala astronómica, es imposible con la tecnología existente en nuestra civilización. Es imposible para nosotros salir de la Vía Láctea, nuestra galaxia espiral, para poder observar “lateralmente” una cierta estrella doble, por ejemplo, de la que sospechamos que no es una doble física, interactuando gravitacionalmente, sino que es una doble de perspectiva. Existen métodos radiométricos, espectrométricos, etc.., que nos permiten calcular la distancia de la estrellas que observamos a simple vista, y sabemos que en general, la distancia a nosotros de astros de una misma constelación varía grandemente. -
The Handbook of the British Astronomical Association
THE HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH ASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIATION 2012 Saturn’s great white spot of 2011 2011 October ISSN 0068-130-X CONTENTS CALENDAR 2012 . 2 PREFACE. 3 HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2012. 4 SKY DIARY . .. 5 VISIBILITY OF PLANETS. 6 RISING AND SETTING OF THE PLANETS IN LATITUDES 52°N AND 35°S. 7-8 ECLIPSES . 9-15 TIME. 16-17 EARTH AND SUN. 18-20 MOON . 21 SUN’S SELENOGRAPHIC COLONGITUDE. 22 MOONRISE AND MOONSET . 23-27 LUNAR OCCULTATIONS . 28-34 GRAZING LUNAR OCCULTATIONS. 35-36 PLANETS – EXPLANATION OF TABLES. 37 APPEARANCE OF PLANETS. 38 MERCURY. 39-40 VENUS. 41 MARS. 42-43 ASTEROIDS AND DWARF PLANETS. 44-60 JUPITER . 61-64 SATELLITES OF JUPITER . 65-79 SATURN. 80-83 SATELLITES OF SATURN . 84-87 URANUS. 88 NEPTUNE. 89 COMETS. 90-96 METEOR DIARY . 97-99 VARIABLE STARS . 100-105 Algol; λ Tauri; RZ Cassiopeiae; Mira Stars; eta Geminorum EPHEMERIDES OF DOUBLE STARS . 106-107 BRIGHT STARS . 108 ACTIVE GALAXIES . 109 INTERNET RESOURCES. 110-111 GREEK ALPHABET. 111 ERRATA . 112 Front Cover: Saturn’s great white spot of 2011: Image taken on 2011 March 21 00:10 UT by Damian Peach using a 356mm reflector and PGR Flea3 camera from Selsey, UK. Processed with Registax and Photoshop. British Astronomical Association HANDBOOK FOR 2012 NINETY-FIRST YEAR OF PUBLICATION BURLINGTON HOUSE, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W1J 0DU Telephone 020 7734 4145 2 CALENDAR 2012 January February March April May June July August September October November December Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of Month Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year Week Year 1 Sun. -
Astronomers Need Your Help!
Citizen Science with variable stars Brought to you by the AAVSO, the Naonal Science Foundaon and Your Universe Astronomers need your help! Variable stars are stars that change in brightness over 1me. There are too many for professional astronomers to monitor alone. So, we need your help to monitor these stars over days, weeks and years. This guide will help you find some bright variable stars, measure their brightness and Ci#zenSky is a collaboraon of then submit the measurements to assist the American Associaon of professional astronomers. Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), the University of Denver, the Adler Planetarium, the Johns Hopkins University Par1cipate in one of the oldest ci1zen science and the California Academies projects in history! Thousands of people just of Science with support from the Naonal Science like you are also helping out. Astronomers Foundaon. need large numbers of people to get the amount of precision they need to do their research. You are the key. Header artwork is reproduced with permission from Sky & Telescope magazine (www.skyandtelescope.com) This is a Light Curve It shows how a star’s brightness changes over 1me. Light curves are a fundamental tool for variable star astronomy. They are relavely simple and easy to grasp. They are simply a graph of brightness (Y axis) vs. 1me (X axis). Brightness increases as you go up the graph and 1me advances as you move to the right. The brightness of a star is measured in units of “magnitude”. No1ce that the magnitude scale on the graph above shows smaller numbers as the star gets brighter and larger numbers as the star gets fainter.