Supplemental Information

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Supplemental Information Article Supplemental Information PEDIATRICS Volume 140, number 6, December 2017 1 El-Assaad et al https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1438 December 2017 Trends of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Young Adults 6 140 Pediatrics 2017 ROUGH GALLEY PROOF SUPPLEMENTAL TABLE 3 ICD-10 Codes for Sudden Cardiac Death ICD-10 Code Category I21.0 (Acute transmural myocardial infarction of anterior wall) Ischemic heart disease I21.2 (Acute transmural myocardial infarction of other sites) I21.3 (Acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecified site) I21.4 (Acute subendocardial myocardial infarction) I21.9 (Acute myocardial infarction, unspecified) I24.8 (Other forms of acute ischemic heart disease) I24.9 (Acute ischemic heart disease, unspecified) I25.4 (Coronary artery aneurysm) Other I42.0 (Dilated cardiomyopathy) Dilated cardiomyopathy I42.1 (Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) Hypertrophic I42.2 (Other hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) cardiomyopathy I42.3 (Endomyocardial (eosinophilic) disease) Other cardiomyopathy I42.4 (Endocardial fibroelastosis) I42.5 (Other restrictive cardiomyopathy) I42.6 (Alcoholic cardiomyopathy) I42.7 (Cardiomyopathy due to drugs and other external agents) I42.8 (Other cardiomyopathies) I42.9 (Cardiomyopathy, unspecified) I45.6 (Pre-excitation syndrome) Arrhythmia I45.8 (Other specified conduction disorders) I46.1 (Sudden cardiac death, so described) I46.9 (Cardiac arrest, unspecified) I47.2 (Ventricular tachycardia) I49.0 (Ventricular fibrillation and flutter) I49.3 (Ventricular premature depolarization) I49.5 (Sick sinus syndrome) I49.8 (Other specified cardiac arrhythmias) I49.9 (Cardiac arrhythmia, unspecified) R96. (Sudden death of unknown cause) 2 EL-ASSAAD et al El-Assaad et al https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1438 December 2017 Trends of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Young Adults 6 140 Pediatrics 2017 ROUGH GALLEY PROOF Article TABLE 3 Continued ICD-10 Code Category Q20.0 (Common arterial trunk) Congenital heart disease Q20.1 (Double outlet right ventricle) Q20.2 (Double outlet left ventricle) Q20.3 (Discordant ventriculoarterial connection) Q20.4 (Double inlet ventricle) Q20.5 (Discordant atrioventricular connection) Q20.6 (Isomerism of atrial appendages) Q20.8 (Other congenital malformations of cardiac chambers and connections) Q20.9 (Congenital malformation of cardiac chambers and connections, unspecified) Q21.0 (Ventricular septal defect) Q21.1 (Atrial septal defect) Q21.2 (Atrioventricular septal defect) Q21.3 (Tetralogy of Fallot) Q21.4 (Aortopulmonary septal defect) Q21.8 (Other congenital malformations of cardiac septa) Q21.9 (Congenital malformation of cardiac septum, unspecified) Q22.0 (Pulmonary valve atresia) Q22.1 (Congenital pulmonary valve stenosis) Q22.2 (Congenital pulmonary valve insufficiency) Q22.3 (Other congenital malformations of pulmonary valve) Q22.4 (Congenital tricuspid stenosis) Q22.5 (Ebstein’s anomaly) Q22.6 (Hypoplastic right heart syndrome) Q22.8 (Other congenital malformations of tricuspid valve) Q22.9 (Congenital malformation of tricuspid valve, unspecified) Q23.0 (Congenital stenosis of aortic valve) Q23.1 (Congenital insufficiency of aortic valve) Q23.2 (Congenital mitral stenosis) Q23.3 (Congenital mitral insufficiency) Q23.4 (Hypoplastic left heart syndrome) Q23.8 (Other congenital malformations of aortic and mitral valves) Q23.9 (Congenital malformation of aortic and mitral valves, unspecified) Q24.2 (Cor triatriatum) Q24.4 (Congenital subaortic stenosis) Q24.5 (Malformation of coronary vessels) Q24.6 (Congenital heart block) Q24.8 (Other specified congenital malformations of heart) Q24.9 (Congenital malformation of heart, unspecified) Q87.4 (Marfan’s syndrome) I34.1 (Mitral (valve) prolapse) I35.0 (Aortic (valve) stenosis) I40.0 (Infective myocarditis) Myocarditis I40.1 (Isolated myocarditis) I40.8 (Other acute myocarditis) I40.9 (Acute myocarditis, unspecified) PEDIATRICS Volume 140, number 6, December 2017 3 El-Assaad et al https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1438 December 2017 Trends of Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Among Children and Young Adults 6 140 Pediatrics 2017 ROUGH GALLEY PROOF.
Recommended publications
  • Cardiac Involvement in COVID-19 Patients: a Contemporary Review
    Review Cardiac Involvement in COVID-19 Patients: A Contemporary Review Domenico Maria Carretta 1, Aline Maria Silva 2, Donato D’Agostino 2, Skender Topi 3, Roberto Lovero 4, Ioannis Alexandros Charitos 5,*, Angelika Elzbieta Wegierska 6, Monica Montagnani 7,† and Luigi Santacroce 6,*,† 1 AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Coronary Unit and Electrophysiology/Pacing Unit, Cardio-Thoracic Department, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 2 AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Cardiac Surgery, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] (A.M.S.); [email protected] (D.D.) 3 Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan “A. Xhuvani”, 3001 Elbasan, Albania; [email protected] 4 AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Clinical Pathology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 5 Emergency/Urgent Department, National Poisoning Center, Riuniti University Hospital of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy 6 Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 7 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology—Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, p.zza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (I.A.C.); [email protected] (L.S.) † These authors equally contributed as co-last authors. Citation: Carretta, D.M.; Silva, A.M.; D’Agostino, D.; Topi, S.; Lovero, R.; Charitos, I.A.; Wegierska, A.E.; Abstract: Background: The widely variable clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV2 disease (COVID-19) Montagnani, M.; Santacroce, L.
    [Show full text]
  • Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy
    CE: Tripti; HCO/330310; Total nos of Pages: 6; HCO 330310 REVIEW CURRENT OPINION Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy Jonathan Buggey and Chantal A. ElAmm Purpose of review The aim of this study is to summarize the literature describing the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathy related to myocarditis. Recent findings Myocarditis has a variety of causes and a heterogeneous clinical presentation with potentially life- threatening complications. About one-third of patients will develop a dilated cardiomyopathy and the pathogenesis is a multiphase, mutlicompartment process that involves immune activation, including innate immune system triggered proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies. In recent years, diagnosis has been aided by advancements in cardiac MRI, and in particular T1 and T2 mapping sequences. In certain clinical situations, endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) should be performed, with consideration of left ventricular sampling, for an accurate diagnosis that may aid treatment and prognostication. Summary Although overall myocarditis accounts for a minority of cardiomyopathy and heart failure presentations, the clinical presentation is variable and the pathophysiology of myocardial damage is unique. Cardiac MRI has significantly improved diagnostic abilities, but endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard. However, current treatment strategies are still focused on routine heart failure pharmacotherapies and supportive care or cardiac transplantation/mechanical support for those with end-stage heart failure. Keywords cardiac MRI, cardiomyopathy, endomyocardial biopsy, myocarditis INTRODUCTION prevalence seen in children and young adults aged Myocarditis refers to inflammation of the myocar- 20–30 years [1]. dium and may be caused by infectious agents, systemic diseases, drugs and toxins, with viral infec- CAUSE tions remaining the most common cause in the developed countries [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Myocarditis, Pericarditis and Other Pericardial Diseases
    Heart 2000;84:449–454 Diagnosis is easiest during epidemics of cox- GENERAL CARDIOLOGY sackie infections but diYcult in isolated cases. Heart: first published as 10.1136/heart.84.4.449 on 1 October 2000. Downloaded from These are not seen by cardiologists unless they develop arrhythmia, collapse or suVer chest Myocarditis, pericarditis and other pain, the majority being dealt with in the primary care system. pericardial diseases Acute onset of chest pain is usual and may mimic myocardial infarction or be associated 449 Celia M Oakley with pericarditis. Arrhythmias or conduction Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, disturbances may be life threatening despite London, UK only mild focal injury, whereas more wide- spread inflammation is necessary before car- diac dysfunction is suYcient to cause symp- his article discusses the diagnosis and toms. management of myocarditis and peri- Tcarditis (both acute and recurrent), as Investigations well as other pericardial diseases. The ECG may show sinus tachycardia, focal or generalised abnormality, ST segment eleva- tion, fascicular blocks or atrioventricular con- Myocarditis duction disturbances. Although the ECG abnormalities are non-specific, the ECG has Myocarditis is the term used to indicate acute the virtue of drawing attention to the heart and infective, toxic or autoimmune inflammation of leading to echocardiographic and other investi- the heart. Reversible toxic myocarditis occurs gations. Echocardiography may reveal segmen- in diphtheria and sometimes in infective endo-
    [Show full text]
  • Myocarditis and Mrna Vaccines
    Updated June 28, 2021 DOH 348-828 Information for Clinical Staff: Myocarditis and mRNA Vaccines This document helps clinicians understand myocarditis and its probable link to some COVID-19 vaccines. It provides talking points clinicians can use when discussing the benefits and risks of these vaccines with their patients and offers guidance on what to do if they have a patient who presents with myocarditis following vaccination. Myocarditis information What are myocarditis and pericarditis? • Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. • Pericarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle covering. • The body’s immune system can cause inflammation often in response to an infection. The body’s immune system can cause inflammation after other things as well. What is the connection to COVID-19 vaccination? • A CDC safety panel has determined there is a “probable association” between myocarditis and pericarditis and the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, made by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech, in some vaccine recipients. • Reports of myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination are rare. • Cases have mostly occurred in adolescents and young adults under the age of 30 years and mostly in males. • Most patients who developed myocarditis after vaccination responded well to rest and minimal treatment. Talking Points for Clinicians The risk of myocarditis is low, especially compared to the strong benefits of vaccination. • Hundreds of millions of vaccine doses have safely been given to people in the U.S. To request this document in another format, call 1-800-525-0127. Deaf or hard of hearing customers, please call 711 (Washington Relay) or email [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy in a 39 Year Old Female: a Case Report U D.I., a JI, J DE
    The Internet Journal of Cardiology ISPUB.COM Volume 10 Number 1 Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy In A 39 Year Old Female: A Case Report U D.I., A JI, J DE Citation U D.I., A JI, J DE. Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy In A 39 Year Old Female: A Case Report. The Internet Journal of Cardiology. 2010 Volume 10 Number 1. Abstract Background: Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a dilated cardiomyopathy, caused by long standing chronic ingestion of alcohol. It is very similar to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, total cessation of alcohol is strongly associated with improvement of symptoms and even reversal of the DCM. Method: Case Report Result: A 39 year old school teacher, presented on account of progressive dyspnoea associated with orthopnea, palpitations and bilateral leg swelling. There was no previous remarkable illness or hospital admission. She had a history of daily ingestion of alcohol based fertility potions for 8 years.On examination she was in respiratory distress, had bilateral basal crepitations, an irregular pulse, elevated jugular venous pulse, a displaced non heaving apex with left parasternal heave, and a non radiating apical pansystolic murmur. She also had a tender hepatomegaly, and bilateral pitting pedal oedema.A chest radiograph showed upperlobe diversion, bilateral hilar opacities and a multichamber cardiomegaly. A 12 lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) showed atrial supraventricular and ventricular ectopics, and echocardiography showed, four chamber dilatation with poor systolic function and absent a waves. Conclusion: Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) secondary to alcoholic cardiomyopathy, precipitated by arrhythmias. INTRODUCTION was no facial or abdominal swelling. She admitted to some Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a common cause of dilated reduction in urine volume.
    [Show full text]
  • THE STUDY of HEART MUSCLE in CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS Girish M1, K
    Jebmh.com Original Article THE STUDY OF HEART MUSCLE IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS Girish M1, K. Mohan Pai2, Francis N. P. Monteiro3, Arun Pinchu Xavier4 1Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University. 2Professor, Department of General Medicine, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore. 3Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore. 4Postgraduate cum Tutor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Alcohol affects many organs, especially the liver, pancreas and brain. Although, the beneficial effects of mild or moderate ethanol consumption have been implied with respect to coronary artery disease, excessive ethanol consumption can result in Alcoholic Heart Muscle Disease (AHMD). AIMS Alcohol consumption, mainly arrack, is common social problem in Mangalore. This study has been undertaken to assess the effects of alcohol on cardiovascular system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patient with history of consumption of about 6 units of alcohol per day for at least 5 days a week for at least 5 years who were admitted to Government Wenlock Hospital, Attavar K.M.C. and University Medical Centre, Mangalore, were selected as case and studied. RESULTS Alcohol intake is predominantly observed in males, majority of alcoholic had high blood pressure, serum levels of CPK-MB and LDH are elevated in chronic alcoholic patients, left ventricular hypertrophy, premature ventricular contraction and sinus tachycardia were common findings in the electrocardiograms of chronic alcoholic patients and development of alcoholic heart muscle disease is directly proportional to the quantity and duration of alcohol intake.
    [Show full text]
  • Multiscale Classification of Heart Failure Phenotypes by Unsupervised
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Multiscale classifcation of heart failure phenotypes by unsupervised clustering of unstructured electronic medical record data Tasha Nagamine1, Brian Gillette2,3, Alexey Pakhomov1, John Kahoun1,4, Hannah Mayer5, Rolf Burghaus5, Jörg Lippert5 & Mayur Saxena1* As a leading cause of death and morbidity, heart failure (HF) is responsible for a large portion of healthcare and disability costs worldwide. Current approaches to defne specifc HF subpopulations may fail to account for the diversity of etiologies, comorbidities, and factors driving disease progression, and therefore have limited value for clinical decision making and development of novel therapies. Here we present a novel and data-driven approach to understand and characterize the real-world manifestation of HF by clustering disease and symptom-related clinical concepts (complaints) captured from unstructured electronic health record clinical notes. We used natural language processing to construct vectorized representations of patient complaints followed by clustering to group HF patients by similarity of complaint vectors. We then identifed complaints that were signifcantly enriched within each cluster using statistical testing. Breaking the HF population into groups of similar patients revealed a clinically interpretable hierarchy of subgroups characterized by similar HF manifestation. Importantly, our methodology revealed well-known etiologies, risk factors, and comorbid conditions of HF (including ischemic heart disease, aortic valve disease, atrial fbrillation, congenital heart disease, various cardiomyopathies, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease) and yielded additional insights into the details of each HF subgroup’s clinical manifestation of HF. Our approach is entirely hypothesis free and can therefore be readily applied for discovery of novel insights in alternative diseases or patient populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Currentstateofknowledgeonaetiol
    European Heart Journal (2013) 34, 2636–2648 ESC REPORT doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht210 Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases Downloaded from Alida L. P. Caforio1†*, Sabine Pankuweit2†, Eloisa Arbustini3, Cristina Basso4, Juan Gimeno-Blanes5,StephanB.Felix6,MichaelFu7,TiinaHelio¨ 8, Stephane Heymans9, http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/ Roland Jahns10,KarinKlingel11, Ales Linhart12, Bernhard Maisch2, William McKenna13, Jens Mogensen14, Yigal M. Pinto15,ArsenRistic16, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss17, Hubert Seggewiss18, Luigi Tavazzi19,GaetanoThiene4,AliYilmaz20, Philippe Charron21,andPerryM.Elliott13 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiological Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy; 2Universita¨tsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg, Klinik fu¨r Kardiologie, Marburg, Germany; 3Academic Hospital IRCCS Foundation Policlinico, San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; 4Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Cardiological Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy; 5Servicio de Cardiologia, Hospital U. Virgen de Arrixaca Ctra. Murcia-Cartagena s/n, El Palmar, Spain; 6Medizinische Klinik B, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 7Department of Medicine, Heart Failure Unit, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Go¨teborg, Go¨teborg, Sweden; 8Division of Cardiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Heart & Lung Centre,
    [Show full text]
  • Moderate Excess Alcohol Consumption and Adverse Cardiac Remodelling
    Heart failure and cardiomyopathies Original research Heart: first published as 10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319418 on 11 August 2021. Downloaded from Moderate excess alcohol consumption and adverse cardiac remodelling in dilated cardiomyopathy Upasana Tayal ,1,2 John Gregson,3 Rachel Buchan,1,2 Nicola Whiffin,1,2 Brian P Halliday,1,2 Amrit Lota,1,2 Angharad M Roberts,4 A John Baksi,1,2 Inga Voges,2 Julian W E Jarman,1,2 Resham Baruah,2 Michael Frenneaux,2 John G F Cleland,1,5 Paul Barton,1,2 Dudley J Pennell,1,2 James S Ware,1,2,4 Stuart A Cook,4,6 Sanjay K Prasad1,2 ► Additional supplemental ABSTRACT consumption may be associated with a lower risk for material is published online Objective The effect of moderate excess alcohol heart failure.2 However, Mendelian methodolog- only. To view, please visit the ical approaches have raised doubts regarding the journal online (http:// dx. doi. consumption is widely debated and has not been well org/ 10. 1136/ heartjnl- 2021- defined in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). There is need cardioprotective effects of low to moderate alcohol 319418). for a greater evidence base to help advise patients. We consumption.3 Guidance on alcohol consumption is frequently requested by patients with no clear 1 sought to evaluate the effect of moderate excess alcohol National Heart and Lung consumption on cardiovascular structure, function and evidence base to advise patients. Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK outcomes in DCM. It is established that chronic excess alcohol 2Royal Brompton Hospital, Methods Prospective longitudinal observational cohort consumption can lead to an alcoholic cardiomy- London, UK study.
    [Show full text]
  • Severe Acute Mitral Valve Regurgitation in a COVID-19-Infected Patient
    Case report BMJ Case Rep: first published as 10.1136/bcr-2020-239782 on 18 January 2021. Downloaded from Severe acute mitral valve regurgitation in a COVID- 19- infected patient Ayesha Khanduri, Usha Anand, Maged Doss, Louis Lovett Graduate Medical Education, SUMMARY damage leading to pulmonary oedema and respira- WellStar Health System, The ongoing SARS- CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has tory failure secondary to congestive heart failure. In Marietta, Georgia, USA presented many difficult and unique challenges to the these patients, a broader differential for pulmonary medical community. We describe a case of a middle- aged oedema and respiratory failure must be considered Correspondence to to ensure timely and appropriate treatment. Dr Ayesha Khanduri; COVID-19- positive man who presented with pulmonary ayesha. khanduri@ wellstar. org oedema and acute respiratory failure. He was initially diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION Accepted 3 December 2020 Later in the hospital course, his pulmonary oedema and A middle-aged man presented to the emergency respiratory failure worsened as result of severe acute department with progressively worsening short- mitral valve regurgitation secondary to direct valvular ness of breath, a non-productive cough and hypox- damage from COVID-19 infection. The patient underwent emia. His medical history was significant for atrial emergent surgical mitral valve replacement. Pathological flutter status post ablation in 2017. The patient evaluation of the damaged valve was confirmed to be is a lifelong non- smoker who bikes 2 miles daily. secondary to COVID-19 infection. The histopathological At that time in 2017, an echocardiogram revealed findings were consistent with prior cardiopulmonary mild mitral valve regurgitation with a normal left autopsy sections of patients with COVID-19 described ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF >55%).
    [Show full text]
  • COVID 19 Vaccine for Adolescents. Concern About Myocarditis and Pericarditis
    Opinion COVID 19 Vaccine for Adolescents. Concern about Myocarditis and Pericarditis Giuseppe Calcaterra 1, Jawahar Lal Mehta 2 , Cesare de Gregorio 3 , Gianfranco Butera 4, Paola Neroni 5, Vassilios Fanos 5 and Pier Paolo Bassareo 6,* 1 Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Medical School of Cardiology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; [email protected] 2 Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; [email protected] 4 Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery, and Heart Lung Transplantation Department, ERN, GUAR HEART, Bambino Gesu’ Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS Rome, 00165 Rome, Italy; [email protected] 5 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Policlinico Universitario di Monserrato, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; [email protected] (P.N.); [email protected] (V.F.) 6 Department of Cardiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital Crumlin, University College of Dublin, School of Medicine, D07R2WY Dublin, Ireland * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +353-1409-6083 Abstract: The alarming onset of some cases of myocarditis and pericarditis following the adminis- tration of Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines in adolescent males has recently been highlighted. All occurred after the second dose of the vaccine. Fortunately, none of Citation: Calcaterra, G.; Mehta, J.L.; patients were critically ill and each was discharged home. Owing to the possible link between these de Gregorio, C.; Butera, G.; Neroni, P.; cases and vaccine administration, the US and European health regulators decided to continue to Fanos, V.; Bassareo, P.P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Electrocardiogram of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
    Br Heart J: first published as 10.1136/hrt.21.4.445 on 1 October 1959. Downloaded from THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM OF ALCOHOLIC CARDIOMYOPATHY BY WILLIAM EVANS From the Cardiac Department of the London Hospital Received December 1, 1958 The harmful effects of excessive alcohol consumption on the liver have long been recognized. A corresponding injury to the heart has not received the same attention except as part of the syndrome of beriberi attributable to thiamine deficiency. Not infrequently, however, when some form of heart disease is suspected on account of symptoms like breathlessness, palpitation, or chest pain, and when signs elicited from examination of the heart are equivocal, the true diagnosis may go undiscovered, especially if coronary arterial disease is too readily imputed as the cause of electro- cardiographic changes that may be present. In such instances, information about the quantity of alcohol consumed is seldom sought, and addiction to it is not rigorously canvassed. It should be known that when the ill-effects of alcohol on the myocardium are slight, withdrawal of alcohol can halt the pathological process, but should these earlier injurious effects go unheeded through some years, the resulting cardiomyopathy will no longer subside following such abstinence. It is for this reason that early myocardial damage from alcoholism is so important to detect, and it is the purpose of this paper to describe changes in the electrocardiogram that will facilitate this readier recognition. http://heart.bmj.com/ HOW THE PATIENTS WERE ASSEMBLED The first patient in this series attended at the request of his family doctor on account of breath- lessness and with a history of alcoholism over many years.
    [Show full text]