DOCSLIB.ORG

Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the Description of Two New Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the Description of Two New Species J. HYM. RES. Vol. 17(1), 2008, pp. 64–82 Revisionary Studies on the Enigmatic Neotropical Ant Genus Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), With the Description of Two New Species RODRIGO M. FEITOSA,CARLOS R. F. BRANDA˜ O AND JORGE L. M. DINIZ (RMF, CRFB) Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Av. Nazare´ 481, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, 04263-000, Brazil; RMF email: [email protected]; CRFB email: [email protected] (JLMD) Campus Jataı´, Unidade Jatoba´, Universidade Federal de Goia´s, BR 364, km 192, Jataı´, GO, 75800-000, Brazil; email: [email protected] __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract.—The recent increase in leaf litter ants sampling effort in Neotropical wet forests has revealed new and interesting records of the highly specialized myrmicine ant genus Stegomyrmex Emery, previously considered as extremely rare. We present a modified diagnosis for the genus and describe Stegomyrmex bensoni n. sp. and S. olindae n. sp., based on, respectively, workers, males, and gyne (central-north Brazil) and on a single worker (northern Brazil). Stegomyrmex vizottoi Diniz (southeastern Brazil) is redescribed and compared with S. olindae n. sp.; these species present significant differences in size, sculpturation, and sting apparatus morphology. The males of S. vizottoi are described for the first time. A key for workers and queens and a distribution map for the five know Stegomyrmex species are provided. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stegomyrmex is the sole representative of species, S. manni, from Barro Colorado the peculiar and exclusively Neotropical Island, Panama, and agreed with Wheeler’s myrmicine tribe Stegomyrmecini (Bolton placement of the genus in an individual 2003). These ants have been considered tribe. extremely rare by many authors, perhaps Bernard (1951) and Lenko (1965) com- due to their cryptobiotic habits enhanced mented on the morphological resemblance by peculiar soil-binding pilosity (Ho¨lldo- of Stegomyrmex to some Attini. However, bler and Wilson 1986), and by the foraging Brown (1949), Brown and Kempf (1960), technique they employ (Diniz and Branda˜o and Ho¨lldobler and Wilson (1986) consid- 1993). However, recent collections employ- ered stegomyrmecine ants more closely ing large-scale sampling (e.g. Agosti et al. related to Basicerotini than to Attini or 2000) have revealed that they are relatively Dacetini, mainly by the presence of deep common inhabitants of the dense leaf litter antennal scrobes and the soil-binding of Neotropical forests. pilosity. Dlussky and Fedoseeva (1988) Emery (1912) described Stegomyrmex considered Stegomyrmex as incertae sedis with a single species, S. connectens, based in Myrmicinae, without further discus- on a gyne and a male from Peru and sion. However, in the last proposals of Bolivia respectively. Emery included Ste- Bolton (1994, 2003, 2006 et al.), Stegomyr- gomyrmex in the Dacetini based on gyne mex is placed in its own tribe within the characters. Wheeler (1922) established a Myrmicinae. Bolton (2003) commented new tribe, Stegomyrmicini (sic), with Ste- that the structure of the promesonotum gomyrmex as its only member. He separat- may suggest a relationship between Ste- ed it from the Dacetini mainly by the shape gomyrmecini and Pheidolini, but that of mandibles and wing venation. Smith there is no undisputed evidence for this (1946) described the second Stegomyrmex yet. VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1, 2008 65 Lenko (1965) found a worker of S. METHODS vizottoi (identified by him as S. manni)in This study was based on the available the gizzard of a Conopophaga lineata Wied specimens in the collection of the Museu (Aves, Conopophagidae). Ho¨lldobler & de Zoologia da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Wilson (1986) commented on the pre- Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, which is believed to hold sumed role of the soil-binding hairs of most of the known Stegomyrmex specimens. basicerotine and stegomyrmecine ants in Depository collections are referred to by enhancing their camouflage to predators. the following acronyms: Diniz (1990) was the first to revise the BMNH – The Natural History Museum, taxonomy of Stegomyrmecini, describing London, UK. the third species of the genus, Stegomyrmex CASC – California Academy of Sciences, vizottoi, based on workers and a gyne from San Francisco, California, USA. Brazil and Paraguay. In the same work, CPDC – Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, Diniz commented on the relatively slow Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil. movements of stegomyrmecine ants. JLMD – Laborato´rio de Zoologia, Cam- Diniz and Branda˜o (1993) were the first to pus Jataı´, Universidade Federal de Goia´s, describe the nesting habits of Stegomyrmex, Brazil. based on observations on colonies of S. vizottoi LACM from Mirassol, state of Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, – Los Angeles County Museum describing nest architecture, population dis- of Natural History, Los Angeles, Califor- tribution among nest chambers, different nia, USA. workerbehaviorsateachpartofthenest, MCSN – Museo Civico di Storia Natur- and the foraging habits of the workers, which ale ‘‘Giacomo Doria’’, Genoa, Italy. exploit the environment surrounding their MPEG – Museu Paraense Emı´lio Goeldi, nests singly, searching for myriapod eggs. Bele´m, Para´, Brazil. Recent surveys of leaf litter ants in the MZSP – Museu de Zoologia da Uni- Brazilian Atlantic forest and in sparse versidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil. localities of central and northern Brazil USNM – National Museum of Natural revealed several Stegomyrmex specimens, History – Smithsonian Institution, Wash- including a remarkable new species de- ington, DC, USA. scribed here, and extending considerably The terms for external morphology and the known distribution range of S. vizottoi. surface sculpturing follow, respectively, Our analysis of S. vizottoi along its distri- Bolton (1994, 2000) and Harris (1979). The bution shows, however, that, as presently terms for wing venation follow Brown and accepted, it includes two distinct species, Nutting (1950). The reproductive females recognizable by the surface sculpture, by are here called ‘‘gynes’’, as suggested by morphometry, and by differences in the De Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999). sting apparatus, as we fully describe and Measurements were obtained with a comment on below. micrometric reticule and using the scale In this paper we offer taxonomic notes of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). on the peculiar ant genus Stegomyrmex, All measurements are given in mm, and based on the study of the specimens the abbreviations used are: deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da HW: head width; the maximum width of Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo ant collection, the head capsule, measured in full face literature information, and enriched by view, at a median transverse line that unpublished observations. We also de- touches the superior margins of the com- scribe two new species and comment on pound eyes. new records and information regarding HL: head length; the maximum measur- these seldom collected ants. able length of head capsule excluding the 66 JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH mandible, measured in full face view, in a in xylene, and then mounted in Canada straight line from the midpoint of the balsam for observation and illustration anterior clypeal margin to the midpoint of under optical microscope. The terms for the vertexal margin. sting apparatus morphology follow Kugler SL: antennal scape length; the chord (1978). length of the antennal scape, excluding Coordinates of localities were obtained the basal condyle and its peduncle. from the information on the specimens WL: mesosoma length (Weber’s length); labels and after consulting the ENCARTA the diagonal length of mesosoma in profile, World AtlasH (Microsoft); they were plot- from the midpoint of the anterior pronotal ted on the distribution map generated by declivity to the posterior basal angle of the the software ArcView 3.2 GISH. metapleuron. When citing label data, we present PL: petiole length; the longitudinal axis additional information between brackets, of petiole in lateral view. explanation of codes on the labels, eventual PPL: postpetiole length; the longitudinal corrections to the misprints, and reference axis of postpetiole in lateral view. to the notebooks from which we took GL: gaster length; the maximum length information regarding the localities and/ of gaster in lateral view, excluding sting. or the biology of the species. TL: total length; the summed length of HL (plus the closed mandibles), WL, PL, RESULTS PPL, and GL. CI: cephalic index. HW x 100/HL. Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 SI: scape index. SL x 100/HW. Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912: 99. Gyne. Type The SEM images of Stegomyrmex speci- species: Stegomyrmex connectens, by mono- mens were obtained from a single speci- typy. Emery, 1912: 101 (placement in Dace- men of each species. The specimens were tini); Emery, 1914: 42 (placement in Dace- previously cleaned in acetone, critical- tini); Forel, 1917: 246 (placement in Dacetini); point dried in a Balzer (Bal-TecH CPD Emery, 1924: 314 (placement in Dacetini, 030), and sputtered over with gold (Bal- diagnosis, catalogue); Wheeler, 1922: 668 TecH SCD 050). After that, the specimens (establishment of Stegomyrmecini [as Stego- were mounted on the tip of metallic myrmicini]); Donisthorpe, 1943: 727 (place- triangles
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Redalyc.A Checklist of the Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of The
    Agronomía Colombiana ISSN: 0120-9965 [email protected] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia Vergara-Navarro, Erika Valentina; Serna, Francisco A checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the department of Antioquia, Colombia and new records for the country Agronomía Colombiana, vol. 31, núm. 3, 2013, pp. 324-342 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=180329804008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative CROP PROTECTION A checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the department of Antioquia, Colombia and new records for the country Lista de las hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) del departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, y nuevos registros para el país Erika Valentina Vergara-Navarro1, 2 and Francisco Serna2, 3 ABSTRACT RESUMEN Antioquia is a state (department) of Colombia, located in the Antioquia es un departamento de Colombia localizado en los northwestern Andes of South America. Geologically, the north- Andes más noroccidentales de Suramérica. Geológicamente, la western region of the Western Range in Antioquia and Chocó región noroccidental de la Cordillera Occidental en Antioquia includes the fault resulting from the connection between the y Chocó contiene la falla resultante de la unión entre el Istmo Isthmus of Panamá and South America. The Occidental and de Panamá y Sudamérica. Las cordilleras Occidental y Central Central cordilleras in Colombia are characterized by a num- de Colombia se caracterizan por presentar una cantidad impor- ber of reliefs, valleys and water basins, containing historical tante de relieves, valles y cuencas hidrográficas compuestas por biological refuges and endemisms.
    [Show full text]
  • Bolton, B. 1994. Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of The
    82 JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of mia delle Scienze dell’Istituto di Bologna 18: 29– the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. 42. ———. 1995a. A taxonomic and zoogeographical ———. 1924. Hymenoptera, Fam. Formicidae, Sub- census of the extant ant taxa (Hymenoptera: fam. Myrmicinae Pp. 314–315 in: Wystman, P. Formicidae). JournalofNaturalHistory29: Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 174C (1922). Bruxelles. 1037–1056. Ferna´ndez, F. 2003. Subfamı´lia Myrmicinae Pp. 307– ———. 1995b. A New General catalogue of the Ants of the 330 in: Ferna´ndez, F. Introduccio´n a las Hormigas de World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. la Regio´n Neotropical. Instituto de Investigacio´nde ———. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini Memoirs of the Recursos Biolo´gicos Alexander von Humbolt, American Entomological Institute 65: 1–1028. Bogota´. ———. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formici- ——— and M. Ospina. 2003. Sinopsis de las hormigas dae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Insti- de la regio´n Neotropical Pp. 45–64 in: Ferna´ndez, tute 71: 1–370. F. Introduccio´nalasHormigasdelaRegio´n ———, G. Alpert, P. S. Ward, and P. Naskrecki. 2006. Neotropical. Instituto de Investigacio´n de Recursos Bolton’s catalogue of ants of the world: 1758-2006. Biolo´gicos Alexander von Humbolt, Bogota´. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.1 CD-ROM. Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune Branda˜o, C. R. F. 1991. Adendos ao cata´logo abreviado universelle des fourmis. Bulletin de la Societe´ dasformigasdaregia˜oNeotropical.Revista Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 51: 229–253. Brasileira de Entomologia 35: 319–412. Harris, R. A. 1979. A glossary of surface sculpture.
    [Show full text]
  • Morrone2001caribe.Pdf
    M&T – Manuales y Tesis SEA, vol. 3. Primera Edición: Zaragoza, 2001 Título del volumen: Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe. Juan J. Morrone ISSN (colección): 1576 – 9526 ISBN (volumen): 84 – 922495 – 4 – 4 Depósito Legal: Z– 2655 – 2000 Edita: CYTED Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo. Subprograma XII: Diversidad Biológica. ORCYT-UNESCO Oficina Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología para América Latina y el Caribe, UNESCO. Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (SEA) Avda. Radio Juventud, 37 50012 Zaragoza (España) http://entomologia.rediris.es/sea Director de la colección: Antonio Melic Imprime: GORFI, S.A. Menéndez Pelayo, 4 50009 Zaragoza (España) Portada, diseño y maqueta: A. Melic Forma sugerida de citación de la obra: Morrone, J. J. 2001. Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe. M&T–Manuales & Tesis SEA, vol. 3. Zaragoza, 148 pp. © J. J. Morrone (por la obra) © F. Martín-Piera (por la presentación) © CYTED, ORCYT-UNESCO & SEA (por la presente edición) Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial del presente volumen, o de cualquiera de sus partes, por cualquier medio, sin el previo y expreso consentimiento por escrito de los autores y los editores. Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe Juan J. Morrone Subprograma XII: Diversidad Biológica Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe Juan J. Morrone Museo de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias - UNAM Apdo. Postal 70-399 04510 México D.F. - MÉXICO PRESENTACIÓN "El presente trabajo es un intento de recopilación y resumen de la información existente sobre la distribución de los animales terrestres así como la explicación de los hechos más notables e interesantes mediante las leyes estables del cambio físico y orgánico".
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Biogeography of a Hyperdiverse Ant Clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
    UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title The evolution of myrmicine ants: Phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc8r8w8 Journal Systematic Entomology, 40(1) ISSN 0307-6970 Authors Ward, PS Brady, SG Fisher, BL et al. Publication Date 2015 DOI 10.1111/syen.12090 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 61–81 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12090 The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) PHILIP S. WARD1, SEÁN G. BRADY2, BRIAN L. FISHER3 andTED R. SCHULTZ2 1Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A., 2Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A. and 3Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. Abstract. This study investigates the evolutionary history of a hyperdiverse clade, the ant subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), based on analyses of a data matrix comprising 251 species and 11 nuclear gene fragments. Under both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of inference, we recover a robust phylogeny that reveals six major clades of Myrmicinae, here treated as newly defined tribes and occur- ring as a pectinate series: Myrmicini, Pogonomyrmecini trib.n., Stenammini, Solenop- sidini, Attini and Crematogastrini. Because we condense the former 25 myrmicine tribes into a new six-tribe scheme, membership in some tribes is now notably different, espe- cially regarding Attini. We demonstrate that the monotypic genus Ankylomyrma is nei- ther in the Myrmicinae nor even a member of the more inclusive formicoid clade – rather it is a poneroid ant, sister to the genus Tatuidris (Agroecomyrmecinae).
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
    JÚLIO CEZAR MÁRIO CHAUL ESTUDOS MORFOLÓGICOS E TAXONÔMICOS DO GÊNERO STRUMIGENYS SMITH (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE: MYRMICINAE) Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL 2018 Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Câmpus Viçosa T Chaul, Júlio Cezar Mário, 1989- C497e Estudos morfológicos e taxonômicos do gênero S 2018 trumigenys Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) / Júlio Cezar Mário Chaul. – Viçosa, MG, 2018. vi, 102 f. : il. ; 29 cm. Texto em inglês. Orientador: José Henrique Schoereder. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Formigas - Morfologia. 2. Formigas - Filogenia. 3. Biodiversidade. 4. Zoologia - Classificação. I. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Entomologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. II. Título. CDD 22. ed. 595.796 AGRADECIMENTOS Sou imensamente grato ao professor José Henrique Schoereder, o Zhé. A produção intelectual depende, antes de qualquer coisa, da liberdade em se discutir uma ideia boba, de poder propor ideias próprias, ou de se arriscar por em prática um projeto pouco convencional. Observei total apoio do Zhé a tudo isso durante os anos que passei no Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, tanto para com alunos da pós quanto da graduação. Os que aproveitaram deste ambiente seguramente reconhecerão a importância desta postura do Zhé na sua formação. Além disso, mesmo tendo interesses bastante distintos da linha de pesquisa principal do laboratório, fui aceito e integrado ao grupo como qualquer outro aluno e, por isso, sou duplamente grato. Agradeço aos membros do Labecol que conviveram comigo ao longo destes sete anos pela amizade.
    [Show full text]
  • Padrões De Distribuição De Formicidae Na Região Neotropical
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENTOMOLOGIA E CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE Padrões de Distribuição de Formicidae na Região Neotropical Manoel Fernando Demétrio DOURADOS – MS. 2014 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENTOMOLOGIA E CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE Padrões de Distribuição de Formicidae na Região Neotropical Manoel Fernando Demétrio Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rogério Silvestre Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Entomologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade – FCBA/UFGD, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Entomologia. DOURADOS – MS. 2014 2 Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Entomologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade – FCBA/UFGD, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Entomologia. Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Biblioteca Central da UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brasil D377p Demétrio, Manoel Fernando. Padrões de distribuição de formicidae na região neotropical / Manoel Fernando Demétrio. – Dourados, MS : UFGD, 2014. 191 p. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rogério Silvestre. Tese (Doutorado em Entomologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade) – Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. 1. Formigas (formicidae). 2. Biodiversidade (fauna e flora). I. Silvestre, Rogério. II. Título. CDD: 595.796 Responsável: Vagner Almeida dos Santos. Bibliotecário - CRB.1/2620 3 ÍNDICE APRESENTAÇÃO ...............................................................................................................07
    [Show full text]
  • 3. Predation by Ants on Arthropods and Other Animals
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital.CSIC Predation in the Hymenoptera: An Evolutionary Perspective, 2011: 39-78 ISBN: 978-81-7895-530-8 3. Predation by ants on arthropods and other animals 1 2,3 Xim Cerdá and Alain Dejean 1Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 41092 Sevilla, Spain 2CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique 97379 Kourou, cedex, France; 3Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France Abstract. Ants are the most widely distributed and most numerically abundant group of social insects. First, they were ground- or litter-dwelling predators or scavengers, and certain taxa evolved to adopt an arboreal way of life. Most ant species are generalist feeders, and only some ground-nesting and ground- foraging species are strictly predators. Ants are central-place foragers (with the exception of army ants during the nomadic phase) that may use different foraging strategies. Solitary hunting is the most common method employed by predatory ants. Cooperative hunting, considered more evolved than solitary hunting, is used by army ants and other ants such as Myrmicaria opaciventris, Paratrechina longicornis or the dominant arboreal Oecophylla. Army ants are predators with different levels of specialization, some of which focus on a particular genus or species, as is the case for Nomamyrmex esenbeckii which organizes subterranean raids on the very large colonies of the leaf-cutting species Atta colombica or A. cephalotes. Arboreal ants have evolved predatory behaviors adapted to the tree foliage, where prey are unpredictable and able to escape by flying away, jumping or Correspondence/Reprint request: Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Special Issue
    Psyche Advances in Neotropical Myrmecology Guest Editors: Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie, Fernando Fernández, and Jonathan Majer Advances in Neotropical Myrmecology Psyche Advances in Neotropical Myrmecology Guest Editors: Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie, Fernando Fernandez,´ and Jonathan Majer Copyright © 2012 Hindawi Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in “Psyche.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Board Arthur G. Appel, USA John Heraty, USA Mary Rankin, USA Guy Bloch, Israel DavidG.James,USA David Roubik, USA D. Bruce Conn, USA Russell Jurenka, USA Coby Schal, USA G. B. Dunphy, Canada Bethia King, USA James Traniello, USA JayD.Evans,USA Ai-Ping Liang, China Martin H. Villet, South Africa Brian Forschler, USA Robert Matthews, USA William T. Wcislo, Panama Howard S. Ginsberg, USA Donald Mullins, USA DianaE.Wheeler,USA Abraham Hefetz, Israel Subba Reddy Palli, USA Contents Advances in Neotropical Myrmecology, Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie, Fernando Fernandez,´ and Jonathan Majer Volume 2012, Article ID 286273, 3 pages Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov.: A New Armadillo Ant from French Guiana (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae), Sebastien´ Lacau, Sarah Groc, Alain Dejean, Muriel L. de Oliveira, and Jacques H. C. Delabie Volume 2012, Article ID 926089, 6 pages Ants as Indicators in Brazil: A Review with Suggestions
    [Show full text]
  • Lach Et Al 2009 Ant Ecology.Pdf
    Ant Ecology This page intentionally left blank Ant Ecology EDITED BY Lori Lach, Catherine L. Parr, and Kirsti L. Abbott 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX26DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2010 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 978–0–19–954463–9 13579108642 Contents Foreword, Edward O.
    [Show full text]
  • Resumo Expandido Estudos Revisionários Sobre O
    RESUMOXVIII Simpósio EXPANDIDO de Mirmecologia 044 417A ESTUDOS REVISIONÁRIOS SOBRE O ENIGMÁTICO GÊNERO NEOTROPICAL STEGOMYRMEX EMERY, 1912 (FORMICIDAE: MYRMICINAE) Revisionary studies on the enigmatic neotropical ant genus Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) R.M. Feitosa, C.R. Brandão, J.L.M. Diniz 1Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia, Av. Nazaré 481, CEP 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] O recente aumento no esforço de coleta de formigas de formigas. Com o objetivo de explorar caracteres de serapilheira tem revelado novos e interessantes morfológicos importantes na separação das espécies, registros do gênero altamente especializado de formi- foram obtidas imagens sob o microscópio eletrônico gas mirmicíneas, Stegomyrmex Emery, único represen- de varredura (MEV) do Museu de Zoologia da USP. tante da tribo Stegomyrmicini (BOLTON, 2003) e conhe- As medidas foram tomadas com o auxílio de um cido apenas para a região Neotropical. Estas formigas retículo micrométrico fixado a uma lente ocular de 16 têm sido consideradas extremamente raras por muitos aumentos, acoplada a um estereomicroscópio autores, principalmente devido aos seus hábitos binocular, sob aumento padronizado de 60 vezes e criptobióticos, sua pilosidade especializada em aderir são apresentadas em milímetros. Para a medição de partículas de solo para camuflagem (HÖLLDOBLER & estruturas menores e/ou com limites pouco defini- WILSON, 1986) e pela técnica de forrageamento solitário dos, foram utilizadas as escalas do microscópio ele- que elas empregam (DINIZ & BRANDÃO, 1993). No entan- trônico de varredura. to, dados recentes de coleta indicam que as espécies Nós também estudamos o aparelho de ferrão das deste gênero são habitantes relativamente comuns da espécies para as quais possuíamos uma considerável serapilheira de florestas úmidas.
    [Show full text]
  • Millipede (Diplopoda) Distributions: a Review
    SOIL ORGANISMS Volume 81 (3) 2009 pp. 565–597 ISSN: 1864 - 6417 Millipede (Diplopoda) distributions: A review Sergei I. Golovatch 1* & R. Desmond Kime 2 1 Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 La Fontaine, 24300 La Chapelle Montmoreau, France; e-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author Abstract In spite of the basic morphological and ecological monotony, integrity and conservatism expressed through only a small number of morphotypes and life forms in Diplopoda, among which the juloid morphotype and the stratobiont life form are dominant, most of the recent orders constituting this class of terrestrial Arthropoda are in a highly active stage of evolution. This has allowed the colonisation by some millipedes of a number of derivative, often extreme and adverse environments differing from the basic habitat, i.e. the floor of temperate (especially nemoral), subtropical or tropical forests (in particular, humid ones). Such are the marine littoral, freshwater habitats, deserts, zonal tundra, high mountains, caves, deeper soil, epiphytes, the bark of trees, tree canopies, ant, termite and bird nests. Most of such difficult environments are only marginally populated by diplopods, but caves and high altitudes are often full of them. To make the conquest of ecological deviations easier and the distribution ranges usually greater, some millipedes show parthenogenesis, periodomorphosis or morphism. Very few millipede species demonstrate vast natural distributions. Most have highly restricted ranges, frequently being local endemics of a single cave, mountain, valley or island. This contrasts with the remarkable overall diversity of the Diplopoda currently estimated as exceeding 80 000 species, mostly confined to tropical countries.
    [Show full text]
  • On Spider Eggs
    ASIAN MYRMECOLOGY Volume 5, 121–124, 2013 ISSN 1985-1944 © MOTOKI KATAYA M A Predatory behaviours of Discothyrea kamiteta (Proceratiinae) on spider eggs MOTOKI KATAYA M A 1,2* 1Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 9030213, Japan 2The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kôrimoto, Kagoshima 8900065, Japan Present address: Graduate School of Human and Environment Studies, Kyoto University, Yosida-Nihonmatu cho, Sakyo ku, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan Corresponding author's email: [email protected] Keywords: ants, Discothyrea, Formicidae, specialized predators, spiders. INTRODUCTION probably of spiders, in Australia (D. bidens Clark), Panama (group of testacea Roger), and Some ant species display specialised predation South Africa (D. poweri (Arnold)). Queens of the on specific animal groups (Hölldobler & Wilson Cameroonian species, D. oculata Emery, create 1990). Most such cases are observed in species their colonies inside the oothecae of spiders belonging to primitive groups such as Ponerinae belonging to the genus Ariadna (Segestriidae) whose stings are often functional. Leptanilla and rear first workers on spider eggs (Dejean & japonica Baroni Urbani (Leptanillinae) and Dejean 1998; Dejean et al. 1999). Stigmatomma silvestrii Wheeler (Amblyoponinae) In Japan, two species belonging to the selectively prey on geophilomorpha centipedes genus Discothyrea have been identified (Kubota (Masuko 1981, 2008; see Yoshimura & Fisher & Terayama 1999). Discothyrea sauteri Forel is 2012 for revival of Stigmatomma from synonymy widely distributed in Japan and is considered to be with Amblyopone). Workers of the Dacetini ants a specialised predator of arthropod eggs (Masuko have adapted to hunting collembolans (often 1981).
    [Show full text]