World Bank Document

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

World Bank Document Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: ICR00001793 IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION AND RESULTS REPORT (IDA-37240) ON A CREDIT Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 3.4 MILLION (US$4.48 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE INDEPENDENT STATE OF SAMOA FOR A TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND POSTAL SECTOR REFORM PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized NOVEMBER 1, 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized Transport, Water, Telecommunications and Information Communication Technologies Papua New Guinea, Pacific Islands and Timor-Leste East Asia and Pacific Region CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Exchange Date Effective (10/24/2010) Currency Unit = Western Samoa Tala 1.00 WST = US$0.44 1.00 US$ = 2.28 WST FISCAL YEAR July 1 – June 30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS $ All dollars are in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated APL Adaptable Program Loan GoS Government of Samoa IDA International Development Association KPI Key performance indicator MCIT Ministry of Information Communication Technologies M&E Monitoring and evaluation MoF Ministry of Finance OBA Output-based aid OoR Office of the Regulator PAD Project Appraisal Document PDO Project development objective PMU Project Management Unit TSC Telecommunications Samoa Cellular Vice President: James W. Adams Country Director: Ferid Belhaj Sector Manager: Philippe Dongier Project Team Leader: Isabelle Huynh ICR Team Leader: Arturo Muente-Kunigami - i - SAMOA Telecommunications and Postal Sector Reform Project CONTENTS 1. Project Context, Development Objectives and Design ............................................ 1 2. Key Factors Affecting Implementation and Outcomes ............................................ 7 3. Assessment of Outcomes ........................................................................................ 10 4. Assessment of Risk to Development Outcome ...................................................... 16 5. Assessment of Bank and Borrower Performance ................................................... 17 6. Lessons Learned ..................................................................................................... 19 7. Comments on Issues Raised by Borrower/Implementing Agencies/Partners ........ 20 Annex 1. Project Costs and Financing ....................................................................... 21 Annex 2. Outputs by Component ............................................................................... 22 Annex 3. Economic and Financial Analysis .............................................................. 25 Annex 4. Bank Lending and Implementation Support/Supervision Processes .......... 32 Annex 5. Beneficiary Survey Results ........................................................................ 34 Annex 6. Stakeholder Workshop Report and Results ................................................ 35 Annex 7. Summary of Borrower's ICR and/or Comments on Draft ICR .................. 36 Annex 8. Comments of Cofinanciers and Other Partners/Stakeholders .................... 37 Annex 9. Announcement of Provider for the Second Digital Cellular License ......... 38 Annex 10. List of Supporting Documents ................................................................... 43 MAP IBRD 30290 - ii - A. Basic Information Samoa - Telecommunications and Country: Samoa Project Name: Postal Sector Reform Project Project ID: P075739 L/C/TF Number(s): IDA-37240 ICR Date: 11/01/2011 ICR Type: Core ICR INDEPENDENT STATE Lending Instrument: TAL Borrower: OF SAMOA Original Total XDR 3.40M Disbursed Amount: XDR 2.66M Commitment: Revised Amount: XDR 2.66M Environmental Category: C Implementing Agencies: Ministry of Finance SamoaTel Ministry of Information and Communication Technology Cofinanciers and Other External Partners: B. Key Dates Revised / Actual Process Date Process Original Date Date(s) Concept Review: 01/16/2001 Effectiveness: 04/28/2003 04/28/2003 Appraisal: 03/25/2002 Restructuring(s): 09/21/2009 Approval: 12/17/2002 Mid-term Review: 11/15/2005 10/24/2005 Closing: 04/15/2008 02/28/2011 C. Ratings Summary C.1 Performance Rating by ICR Outcomes: Moderately Satisfactory Risk to Development Outcome: Low or Negligible Bank Performance: Moderately Satisfactory Borrower Performance: Satisfactory C.2 Detailed Ratings of Bank and Borrower Performance (by ICR) Bank Ratings Borrower Ratings Quality at Entry: Moderately Satisfactory Government: Satisfactory - iii - Implementing Quality of Supervision: Satisfactory Satisfactory Agency/Agencies: Overall Bank Overall Borrower Moderately Satisfactory Satisfactory Performance: Performance: C.3 Quality at Entry and Implementation Performance Indicators Implementation QAG Assessments (if Indicators Rating Performance any) Potential Problem Project Quality at Entry No None at any time (Yes/No): (QEA): Problem Project at any time Quality of Supervision No None (Yes/No): (QSA): DO rating before Moderately Closing/Inactive status: Satisfactory D. Sector and Theme Codes Original Actual Sector Code (as % of total Bank financing) Law and justice 10 35 Postal services 40 20 Telecommunications 50 45 Theme Code (as % of total Bank financing) Other financial and private sector development 25 30 Regulation and competition policy 50 40 Rural services and infrastructure 25 30 E. Bank Staff Positions At ICR At Approval Vice President: James W. Adams Jemal-ud-din Kassum Country Director: Ferid Belhaj Klaus Rohland Sector Manager: Philippe Dongier Pierre A. Guislain Project Team Leader: Isabelle Huynh Carlo Maria Rossotto ICR Team Leader: Arturo Muente Kunigami ICR Primary Author: Andrea Ruiz-Esparza - iv - F. Results Framework Analysis Project Development Objectives The project's objective is to assist the Government of Samoa (GOS) in implementing a comprehensive sector reform agenda focused on: (a) introducing competition and private participation in telecommunications and postal sectors; (b) advancing regulatory reform, and developing sector institutional capacity; and (c) extending access to basic communications, postal services, and information technologies. Revised Project Development Objectives Project Development Objective did not change. (a) PDO Indicator(s) Original Target Actual Value Formally Values (from Achieved at Indicator Baseline Value Revised approval Completion or Target Values documents) Target Years Increase total number of customers (fixed and mobile) 20,000 in 2004 to 46,000 by end Indicator 1 : 2008 Value quantitative or 168,000 Qualitative) Date achieved 02/28/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 2 : Increase number of Internet subscribers 4,500 in 2004 to 10,000 by end of 2008 Value quantitative or 12,000 Qualitative) Date achieved 02/28/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) Increase number of telecommunication customers in rural areas 2,400 in 2004 to 6,000 Indicator 3 : by end 2008. Value quantitative or 57,943 Qualitative) Date achieved 02/28/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) Increase number of post office mail boxes per 100 inhabitant 5.58 in 2004 to 10.59 by Indicator 4 : end 2008 Value 2.8 quantitative or - v - Qualitative) Date achieved 02/28/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 5 : Increase number of letter item/inhabitant from 4.5 to 12.2 by end 2008 Value quantitative or 3.0 Qualitative) Date achieved 02/28/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) (b) Intermediate Outcome Indicator(s) Original Target Actual Value Formally Values (from Achieved at Indicator Baseline Value Revised Target approval Completion or Values documents) Target Years Indicator 1 : Second digitial cellular license Value (quantitative Awarded April 2006 or Qualitative) Date achieved 04/28/2006 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 2 : New interconnection regime Value Interconnection (quantitative regime in place or Qualitative) Date achieved 10/29/2010 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 3 : New spectrum monitoring and frequency allocation Value (quantitative SM system in place or Qualitative) Date achieved 10/29/2010 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 4 : New Postal Law and Regulation Value Postal Bill and Postal (quantitative Policy endorsed by - vi - or Qualitative) Parliament Date achieved 12/31/2010 Comments (incl. % achievement) Indicator 5 : SamoaTel Privitized Value Privatizatin (quantitative transaction finalized or Qualitative) Date achieved 03/31/2011 Comments (incl. % achievement) G. Ratings of Project Performance in ISRs Date ISR Actual Disbursements No. DO IP Archived (USD millions) 1 12/20/2002 Satisfactory Satisfactory 0.00 2 06/23/2003 Satisfactory Satisfactory 0.00 3 12/18/2003 Satisfactory Satisfactory 0.15 4 06/17/2004 Satisfactory Satisfactory 0.15 5 12/15/2004 Satisfactory Satisfactory 0.39 6 05/25/2005 Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 0.50 7 12/14/2005 Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 0.55 8 04/22/2006 Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 0.93 9 02/15/2007 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 1.32 10 07/27/2007 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 1.83 11 03/06/2008 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 2.39 12 09/10/2008 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 2.58 13 06/11/2009 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 2.79 14 11/20/2009 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 3.20 15 05/28/2010 Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory 3.23 H. Restructuring (if any) ISR Ratings at Amount Board Restructuring Restructuring Disbursed at Reason for Restructuring & Key Approved PDO Date(s) Restructuring Changes Made Change DO IP in USD millions 09/21/2009 MS MS 3.19 - vii - I. Disbursement Profile - viii
Recommended publications
  • Environmental and Social Management Plan English
    GOVERNMENT OF SAMOA LAND TRANSPORT AUTHORITY Report Enhancing the Climate Resilience of West Coast Road Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) Prepared for: Land Transport Authority (Client) By: Roughton International Ltd in association with PLT Consultants Ltd Reviewed and updated – June 2018 by S Sesega (LTA Safeguards Advisor). June 2018 (Final) Page 0 Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan: West Coast Road Project – Package 1 Revision History Revision Nº Prepared By Description Date 1 Peseta Dr Konelio Tone For internal review 16/11/15 2 Peseta Dr Konelio Tone For internal/external review 25/01/16 3 Sam Sesega For review/update 26/6/2018 4 5 Document Acceptance Action Name Signed Date Prepared by Peseta Dr Konelio Tone Reviewed by Peseta Simon Tone Approved by Richard Hopkins on behalf of Roughton International Ltd in Association with PLT Consultants Ltd Page 1 Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan: West Coast Road Project – Package 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government of Samoa’s (GOS) Land Transport Authority (LTA) is implementing the Enhancing the Climate Resilience of the West Coast Road Project (CRWCR), which is part of the Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR). The West Coast Road (WCR) is the country’s main arterial route and is a key infrastructure component of Samoa’s economic corridor that connects the capital and commercial centre of Apia to the Faleolo International Airport and the Mulifanua Wharf linking Upolu to Samoa’s bigger island Savaii. The project is jointly financed by a grant from the Strategic Climate Fund (SCF) and by the Government of Samoa (GoS). The project’s development objective is to: (i) Improve the climate resilience of the WCR; and (ii) Enhance local capacity to develop a more climate resilient road network.
    [Show full text]
  • The Samoan Aidscape: Situated Knowledge and Multiple Realities of Japan’S Foreign Aid to Sāmoa
    THE SAMOAN AIDSCAPE: SITUATED KNOWLEDGE AND MULTIPLE REALITIES OF JAPAN’S FOREIGN AID TO SĀMOA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN GEOGRAPHY DECEMBER 2012 By Masami Tsujita Dissertation Committee: Mary G. McDonald, Chairperson Krisnawati Suryanata Murray Chapman John F. Mayer Terence Wesley-Smith © Copyright 2012 By Masami Tsujita ii I would like to dedicate this dissertation to all who work at the forefront of the battle called “development,” believing genuinely that foreign aid can possibly bring better opportunities to people with fewer choices to achieve their life goals and dreams. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation is an accumulation of wisdom and support from the people I encountered along the way. My deepest and most humble gratitude extends to my chair and academic advisor of 11 years, Mary G. McDonald. Her patience and consideration, generously given time for intellectual guidance, words of encouragement, and numerous letters of support have sustained me during this long journey. Without Mary as my advisor, I would not have been able to complete this dissertation. I would like to extend my deep appreciation to the rest of my dissertation committee members, Krisnawati Suryanata, Terence Wesley-Smith, Lasei Fepulea‘i John F. Mayer, and Murray Chapman. Thank you, Krisna, for your thought-provoking seminars and insightful comments on my papers. The ways in which you frame the world have greatly helped improved my naïve view of development; Terence, your tangible instructions, constructive critiques, and passion for issues around the development of the Pacific Islands inspired me to study further; John, your openness and reverence for fa‘aSāmoa have been an indispensable source of encouragement for me to continue studying the people and place other than my own; Murray, thank you for your mentoring with detailed instructions to clear confusions and obstacles in becoming a geographer.
    [Show full text]
  • Savai'i Volcano
    A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist A Visitor's Field Guide to Savai’i Touring Savai'i with a Geologist Warren Jopling Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THIS ARTICLE Tuapou Warren Jopling is an Australian geologist who retired to Savai'i to grow coffee after a career in oil exploration in Australia, Canada, Brazil and Indonesia. Travels through Central America, the Andes and Iceland followed by 17 years in Indonesia gave him a good understanding of volcanology, a boon to later educational tourism when explaining Savai'i to overseas visitors and student groups. His 2014 report on Samoa's Geological History was published in booklet form by the Samoa Tourism Authority as a Visitor's Guide - a guide summarising the main geological events that built the islands but with little coverage of individual natural attractions. This present article is an abridgement of the 2014 report and focuses on Savai'i. It is in three sections; an explanation of plate movement and hotspot activity for visitors unfamiliar with plate tectonics; a brief summary of Savai'i's geological history then an island tour with some geologic input when describing the main sites. It is for nature lovers who would appreciate some background to sightseeing. Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist The Pacific Plate, The Samoan Hotspot, The Samoan Archipelago The Pacific Plate, the largest of the Earth's 16 major plates, is born along the East Pacific Rise.
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa Socio-Economic Atlas 2011
    SAMOA SOCIO-ECONOMIC ATLAS 2011 Copyright (c) Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) 2011 CONTACTS Telephone: (685) 62000/21373 Samoa Socio Economic ATLAS 2011 Facsimile: (685) 24675 Email: [email protected] by Website: www.sbs.gov.ws Postal Address: Samoa Bureau of Statistics The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) PO BOX 1151 Apia Samoa National University of Samoa Library CIP entry Samoa socio economic ATLAS 2011 / by The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS). -- Apia, Samoa : Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Government of Samoa, 2011. 76 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. Disclaimer: This publication is a product of the Division of Census-Surveys & Demography, ISBN 978 982 9003 66 9 Samoa Bureau of Statistics. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions 1. Census districts – Samoa – maps. 2. Election districts – Samoa – expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of any funding or census. 3. Election districts – Samoa – statistics. 4. Samoa – census. technical agencies involved in the census. The boundaries and other information I. Census-Surveys and Demography Division of SBS. shown on the maps are only imaginary census boundaries but do not imply any legal status of traditional village and district boundaries. Sam 912.9614 Sam DDC 22. Published by The Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Govt. of Samoa, Apia, Samoa, 2015. Overview Map SAMOA 1 Table of Contents Map 3.4: Tertiary level qualification (Post-secondary certificate, diploma, Overview Map ................................................................................................... 1 degree/higher) by district, 2011 ................................................................... 26 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3 Map 3.5: Population 15 years and over with knowledge in traditional tattooing by district, 2011 ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1
    P O BOX 1151 TELEPHONE: (685)62000/21373 LEVEL 1 & 2 FMFM II, Matagialalua FAX No: (685)24675 GOVERNMENT BUILDING Email: [email protected] APIA Website: www.sbs.gov.ws SAMOA 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1 Revised version Population Snapshot and Household Highlights 30th October 2017 1 | P a g e Foreword This publication is the first of a series of Census 2016 Brief reports to be published from the dataset version 1, of the Population and Housing Census, 2016. It provides a snapshot of the information collected from the Population Questionnaire and some highlights of the Housing Questionnaire. It also provides the final count of the population of Samoa in November 7th 2016 by statistical regions, political districts and villages. Over the past censuses, the Samoa Bureau of Statistics has compiled a standard analytical report that users and mainly students find it complex and too technical for their purposes. We have changed our approach in the 2016 census by compiling smaller reports (Census Brief reports) to be released on a quarterly basis with emphasis on different areas of Samoa’s development as well as demands from users. In doing that, we look forward to working more collaboratively with our stakeholders and technical partners in compiling relevant, focused and more user friendly statistical brief reports for planning, policy-making and program interventions. At the same time, the Bureau is giving the public the opportunity to select their own data of interest from the census database for printing rather than the Bureau printing numerous tabulations which mostly remain unused.
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa 2015 Education Stats
    2015 Introduction The Statistical Digest provides a range of statistics and performance measures related to education in Samoa. The information included in the digest is the latest information available as of June 2014. Historical data has also been included to reflect changes over time. The Digest is divided into two parts: Part 1 – Data from School Census Information System and Early Childhood Education (ECE) Monitoring Visits Part 2 – Data from sources other than the School Census Information System Part 1 Data from School Census Information System The Annual School Census data collection, held on the first week of March, is a major source of statistical information. The census data is stored in the Ministry’s school census information system called Manumea. The school census information system includes a series of reports, which are automatically produced. These reports are contained in Part 1 of the Statistical Digest. Data for Early Childhood Education (ECE) is collected from monitoring visits conducted by the Ministry. This information is stored separately. Part 2 Data from sources other than the School Census Information System The Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture’s performance measure framework includes a range of indicators provided by the Assessment and Examination Unit. Data has been collected from a range of sources such as examination results and personnel information. This information is contained in Part 2 of the Statistical Digest. Statistical Digest produced by: Policy, Planning and Research Division Ministry of Education Sports & Culture Samoa Phone: (+685) 64601 Fax: (+685) 64664 Email:[email protected] July 2015 BRIEF OVERVIEW OF SAMOA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM Primary and Secondary education in Samoa is provided through three stakeholders, namely the Government in partnership with village based school committees, mission schools and private schools.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2005
    Government of Samoa LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF SAMOA ANNUAL REPORT MINISTRY OF WOMEN, COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT For the period ended June 30 2006 To be laid before the Legislative Assembly 1 GOVERNMENT OF SAMOA OFFICE OF THE MINISTER FOR WOMEN, COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT The Honourable Speaker The Legislative Assembly of Samoa In compliance with Section 18 (2) of the Ministry of Women Affairs Act 1990, Section 17 (2) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Act 1995 and Section 17 (1) of the Ministry of Youth Sports and Cultural Affairs Act 1993/1994, I have the honour to lay before you copies of the third Annual Report for the Ministry of Women, Community and Social Development for the period of 1st July 2005 to 30 th June 2006, for tabling before the Legislative Assembly of Samoa. This report documents activities implemented by the Ministry within this financial year, in accordance with the above identified Acts. _________________________ Hon. Fiame Naomi Mataafa II 2 Minister for Women Community and Social Development GOVERNMENT OF SAMOA Ministry of Women, Community and Social Development Honourable Fiame Naomi Mataafa II Minister for Women Community and Social Development, In accordance with Section 18 (2) of the Ministry of Women Affairs Act 1990, Section 17 (1) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Act 1995 and Section 17(1) of the Ministry of Youth, Sports and Cultural Affairs Act 1993/1994, I hereby submit the third Annual Report for the Ministry of Women, Community and Social Development for the period of 1 st July 2005 to 30 th June 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Salega District - Savaii
    Community Integrated Management Plan Salega District - Savaii Implementation Guidelines 2018 COMMUNITY INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES Foreword It is with great pleasure that I present the new Community Integrated Management (CIM) Plans, formerly known as Coastal Infrastructure Management (CIM) Plans. The revised CIM Plans recognizes the change in approach since the first set of fifteen CIM Plans were developed from 2002-2003 under the World Bank funded Infrastructure Asset Management Project (IAMP) , and from 2004-2007 for the remaining 26 districts, under the Samoa Infrastructure Asset Management (SIAM) Project. With a broader geographic scope well beyond the coastal environment, the revised CIM Plans now cover all areas from the ridge-to-reef, and includes the thematic areas of not only infrastructure, but also the environment and biological resources, as well as livelihood sources and governance. The CIM Strategy, from which the CIM Plans were derived from, was revised in August 2015 to reflect the new expanded approach and it emphasizes the whole of government approach for planning and implementation, taking into consideration an integrated ecosystem based adaptation approach and the ridge to reef concept. The timeframe for implementation and review has also expanded from five years to ten years as most of the solutions proposed in the CIM Plan may take several years to realize. The CIM Plans is envisaged as the blueprint for climate change interventions across all development sectors – reflecting the programmatic approach to climate resilience adaptation taken by the Government of Samoa. The proposed interventions outlined in the CIM Plans are also linked to the Strategy for the Development of Samoa 2016/17 – 2019/20 and the relevant ministry sector plans.
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa, 2017/2018
    DENGUE SEROTYPE 2 OUTBREAK IN SAMOA, 2017/2018. Ministry of Health SITREP nO.9 18th March 2018 Outbreak overview. The situational analysis of the dengue fever outbreak in Samoa as shown in the graph below portrays a continual decrease in the number of cases over the past 10 weeks. The cumulative total as of March 18th is 3,255 with a national attack rate of 16.6 per 1,000 population. Dengue fever continues to spread geographically mostly in the Apia Urban and North West Upolu regions. Majority of those af- fected are 5 - 9 year olds which makes up 31% of the total cases. There has not been any dengue related deaths reported hence the total dengue-related mortality remains at 5. Dengue case definition: An acute fever with any two of the following signs and symptoms: joint & muscle pains; maculo- pappular rash; severe headaches; nausea & vomiting; pains behind the eyes; bleeding and leucopenia. Time: dengue epi-curve Person: age group & sex Sex No of Cases % Female 1570 48% Male 1685 52% Total 3255 100% Control measures continues... SOURCE REDUCTION remains highly recommended for control of mosquito breeding sites during this rainy season. Other usual prevention methods to avoid illness is also advised. An integrated response has seen communities and organizations work with MOH to use chemical spraying in their respective locations. MOH Samoa continues to advocate and implement control measures for mosquito–borne diseases. Grassroots groups involved in vector control are mobilizing the affected communities to actively participate in source reduction and clean-up campaigns. Vector surveillance and control efforts continue.
    [Show full text]
  • Sāmoa’S Development As a ‘Nation’
    Folauga mo A’oa’oga: Migration for education and its impact on Sāmoa’s development as a ‘nation’ The stories of 18 Samoan research participants who migrated for education, and the impact their journeys have made on the development of Sāmoa. BY Avataeao Junior Ulu A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 2018 Acknowledgements E mamalu oe le Ali’i, maualuga le mea e te afio ai. Ia fa’ane’ene’eina oe le tolu tasi paia. O oe o le Atua fai vavega, le Atua o fa’amalologa, le Atua tali mana’o. Fa’afetai mo lau ta’ita’iga i lenei folauga. Ia fa’aaogaina lo’u tagata e fa’alauteleina ai lou Suafa mamana i le lalolagi. This research would not have been possible without the contributions of my 18 research participants: Aloali’i Viliamu, Aida Sāvea, Cam Wendt, Falefata Hele Ei Matatia & Phillippa Te Hira - Matatia, HE Hinauri Petana, Honiara Salanoa (aka Queen Victoria), Ps Latu Sauluitoga Kupa & Ps Temukisa Kupa, Ps Laumata Pauline Mulitalo, Maiava Iosefa Maiava & Aopapa Maiava, Malae Aloali’i, Papali’i Momoe Malietoa – von Reiche, Nynette Sass, Onosefulu Fuata’i, Sa’ilele Pomare, and Saui’a Dr Louise Marie Tuiomanuolo Mataia-Milo. Each of your respective stories of the challenges you faced while undertaking studies abroad is inspirational. I am humbled that you entrusted me with these rich stories and the generosity with your time. Sāmoa as a ‘nation’ is stronger because of you, continue doing great things for the pearl of Polynesia.
    [Show full text]
  • Eco-Theology: Aiga – the Household of Life
    ECO-THEOLOGY: AIGA – THE HOUSEHOLD OF LIFE A PERSPECTIVE FROM LIVING MYTHS AND TRADITIONS OF SAMOA Ama’amalele Tofaeono ECO-THEOLOGY: AIGA – THE HOUSEHOLD OF LIFE A PERSPECTIVE FROM LIVING MYTHS AND TRADITIONS OF SAMOA World Mission Script 7 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or stored in a retrieval system, or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the Erlanger Verlag für Mission und Ökumene. Die Deutsche Bibliothek – CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Tofaeono, Ama’amalele: Eco-theology: Aiga – the household of life : a perspective from living myths and traditions of Samoa / by Ama’amalele Tofaeono. – Erlangen : Erlanger Verl. für Mission und Ökumene, 2000 (World Mission Script ; 7) Zugl.: Neuendettelsau, Augustana-Hochsch., Diss., 2000 ISBN 3-87214-327-1 © 2000 Erlanger Verlag für Mission und Ökumene, Erlangen Layout: Andreas-Martin Selignow – www.selignow.de Printed by Freimund-Druckerei, Neuendettelsau CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ 11 0. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 13 0.1. Identification and Exposition of the Eco-Theological Problem ....................... 13 0.2. A Jewish Perspective .............................................................................................. 15 0.3. Thesis Statements ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mavae and Tofiga
    Mavae and Tofiga Spatial Exposition of the Samoan Cosmogony and Architecture Albert L. Refiti A thesis submitted to� The Auckland University of Technology �In fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Art & Design� Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies 2014 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... i Attestation of Authorship ...................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... vi Dedication ............................................................................................................................ viii Abstract .................................................................................................................................... ix Preface ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Leai ni tusiga ata: There are to be no drawings ............................................................. 1 2. Tautuanaga: Rememberance and service ....................................................................... 4 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 6 Spacing ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]