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The Fight Against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia Bringing Communities Together

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The Fight Against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia Bringing Communities Together The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia Bringing Communities together A Summary of three Round Table Meetings Initiated by Commissioner Anna Diamantopoulou European Commission European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (EUMC) Brussels/Vienna, Fall 2003 The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia - Bringing Communities together Disclaimer The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the opinion or position of the EUMC or the European Commission. Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged. European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia - Bringing Communities together Foreword Concern about the reported rise in anti-Semitism and Islamophobia in Europe following the September 11 atrocities led the European Commission and the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia to organise a series of Round Tables on these themes. The three meetings brought together leading experts from around Europe to look at practical ways of combating discrimination and encouraging dialogue and co-operation between ethnic and religious groups. During the three Round Table meetings experts in Islamic and Jewish issues, sociologists, researchers and commentators, parliamentarians and government representatives from EU Member States and candidate countries looked at current patterns of discriminatory attitudes and behaviour, and how these should best be tackled at local, national and European level. Particular emphasis was given to the fields of politics, legislation, education and the media. The Round Tables have shown that political leaders, religious leaders and community leaders must accept their responsibility and take action promote co- operation and understanding between different groups in society. The final Round Table on 20 March 2003 concluded that we must promote "a culture of healing". A culture is the result of thousands of small acts, apparently insignificant in isolation, but powerful in combination. Leaders at all levels and in all walks of life must have the courage now more than ever to challenge racism and to promote the culture of healing. This publication documents the excellent contributions made by leading experts at the Round Tables, and I would like to thank all participants for the good work and their efforts to help make the European Union a more open, more tolerant and more inclusive place to live and work. Anna Diamantopoulou European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia i The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia - Bringing Communities together Contents Foreword..........................................................................................................................i Contents..........................................................................................................................ii PART 1 ............................................................................................................................ 5 Manifestations of Anti-Semitism in Europe................................................................. 5 Agenda of the Round Table Meeting ....................................................................... 6 Summary of the Round Table Meeting.................................................................... 7 Opening Speech .........................................................................................................12 Odile Quintin – Director-General for Employment and Social Affairs, European Commission ................................................................................................12 The EUMC: Pro-actively combating anti-Semitism............................................15 Beate Winkler - Director of the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (EUMC), Vienna, Austria................................................15 Introduction by the Chair .........................................................................................18 Professor Ed van Thijn – Universities of Amsterdam and Leiden; EUMC Management Board Member......................................................................................18 Anti-Semitism: New Developments and Counter Measures............................21 Dr. Henrik Bachner – Dept. of History of Ideas, Lund University, Sweden ..........21 An Active Observer’s View: The Contribution of CEJI......................................24 Pascale Charhon – Director of the European Jewish Information Centre (CEJI) and Vice-President of ENAR, Belgium.............................................24 Anti-Semitism in Denmark.......................................................................................28 Prof. Lars Dencik - Professor of Social Psychology, Roskilde University.............28 Anti-Semitism in Greece...........................................................................................31 Prof. Dr. Hagen Fleischer – University of Athens ....................................................31 Anti-Semitic Incidents in the Netherlands ...........................................................33 Hadassa Hirschfeld - Deputy Director, Centre for Information and Documentation on Israel, Netherlands ......................................................................33 What to do against anti-Semitism?........................................................................42 Prof. Jonathan Webber - University of Birmingham ................................................42 Concluding Remarks.................................................................................................46 List of Participants.....................................................................................................48 ii European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia - Bringing Communities together PART 2...........................................................................................................................51 Manifestations of Islamophobia in Europe ................................................................51 Agenda of the Round Table Meeting .....................................................................52 Summary of the Round Table Meeting..................................................................53 Manifestations of Islamophobia in Europe ................................................................53 Brussels, 6 February 2003 ..........................................................................................53 Opening Speech..........................................................................................................57 Odile Quintin – Director-General, Employment and Social Affairs, European Commission.................................................................................................57 Islamophobia and European Identity.....................................................................61 Robert Purkiss – Chairman, EUMC Management Board........................................61 Fighting and Preventing Islamophobia in Switzerland......................................65 Dr. Fawzia Al Ashmawi – University of Geneva, Switzerland.................................65 Islamophobia in France? ..........................................................................................68 Valérie Amiraux – Researcher, CNRS/CURAPP, France.......................................68 National and European Policies against Islamophobia ....................................70 Prof. Pandeli M. Glavanis – Northumbria University, UK ........................................70 Policies against Islamophobia on the European Level.....................................73 Prof. Tim Niblock - University of Exeter, UK .............................................................73 Islamophobia - the Factual Situation in Denmark ..............................................76 Dr. theol. Lissi Rasmussen – Director, Islamic-Christian Study Centre, Denmark 76 Aspects of Islamophobia in the Nordic Context .................................................80 Associate Professor Anne Sofie Roald - Malmö University, Sweden....................80 Fighting Islamophobia in a Region ........................................................................83 List of Participants.....................................................................................................86 PART 3...........................................................................................................................89 The Fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia: Bringing Communities Together 89 Agenda of the Round Table Meeting .....................................................................90 The Fight against anti-Semitism and Islamophobia:................................................90 Summary of the Round Table Meeting..................................................................92 Islamophobia and Anti-Semitism: Bringing Communities Together......................92 European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia iii The fight against Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia - Bringing Communities together Opening Speech .........................................................................................................99 Anna Diamantopoulou - Commissioner responsible for Employment and Social Affairs - European Commission......................................................................99 Introductory remarks...............................................................................................102
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