GUIDE TO THE Created for the project ARCHAEOLOGICAL OPEN AIR MUSEUMS IN EUROPE GUIDE TO THE

Edited by by ARCHAEOLOGICAL Alessia Pelillo Museo Civico

Concept and co-ordination Archeologico Etnologico OPEN AIR Ilaria Pulini di Modena (IT)

Editorial project by and MUSEUMS Roeland Paardekooper Parco archeologico Ilaria Pulini e Museo all’aperto della IN EUROPE Cristiana Zanasi Terramara di Montale (IT) in cooperation with Giuseppe Caruso In partnership with Historisch OpenluchtMuseum Italian text translated by Paul Angus Eindhoven (NL) project leader Graphic design Studio Filippo Partesotti Pfahlbaumuseum Layout Michele Radicia Unteruhldingen (DE) Printing Nuovagrafica - Carpi (MO) 2009 “Matrica” Múzeum © liveARCH project és Régészeti Park (HU) © Museo Civico Archeologico Etno- logico di Modena Āraišu arheoloģiskais Muzejparks (LV) All texts are copyright of the Museo Civico Archeologico Etnologico di Lofotr Viking Museum (NO) Modena and the respective authors. The publishers made every effort to Fotevikens Museum (SE) ensure the accuracy of information in this publication and they apologize for The Scottish Crannog Centre (UK any possible mistakes or omissions. Unless otherwise stated, all images are provided by the respective mu- seums and copyright remains their responsibility. KEY TO INDEX SYMBOLS

liveARCH EXARC 6 introductions 46 ARCHAEOLOGICAL partner member OPEN AIR MUSEUMS IN EUROPE 12 The Project

50 AT - AUSTRIA P Prehistory-Protohistory open air museum with indoor museum 58 BE - Belgium 14 NL - The Netherlands 62 CH - Switzerland R Roman Age 18 DE - open air museum with site museum 66 CZ - Czech Republic 22 HU - Hungary M Middle Ages 72 DE - GermanY 26 IT - Italy guided tours 98 DK - Denmark 30 LV - Latvia V Viking Age 108 ES - Spain demonstrations of ancient crafts / 34 NO - Norway experimental archaeology 112 FI - Finland A Other periods 38 SE - Sweden 116 FR - living history by re-enactment 42 UK - SCOTLAND 128 GL - Greenland living history by re-enactment only for 130 GR - Greece special events 132 HU - Hungary 134 IE - Ireland 136 IS - Iceland family friendly 138 IT - Italy shop 146 LT - Lithuania

food facilities 148 LV - Latvia 150 NL - The Netherlands picnic area 154 NO - Norway accessible to the disabled 158 PL - Poland 164 RU - Russia P parking 166 SE - Sweden accessible by public transport 180 SK - Slovakia 182 UK - United Kingdom 5 EUROPE

The guide collects 212 archaeological open air museums of 24 European IS countries and it represents the GL result of a survey FI RU up to date at 2009. NO SE

LV AT Austria DK LT IE BE Belgium CH Switzerland UK CZ Czech Republic NL PO DE GermanY DK Denmark BE DE ES Spain CZ FI Finland SK FR France AT HU GL Greenland FR CH GR Greece HU Hungary IE Ireland IS Iceland IT IT Italy ES LT Lithuania GR LV Latvia NL The Netherlands NO Norway PL Poland RU Russia SE Sweden SK Slovakia UK United Kingdom

48 49 AUSTRIA

1 - Asparn/Zaya settlement reconstructed adjacent to the Niederösterreichisches Museum für mine entrance. The reproduction dwellings Urgeschichte and tools on display recount the history of ATAT 1 the people who first extracted the precious 3 P R M V A Linz 5 “white gold” some 2500 years ago. In ad- 7 Schloß Asparn dition to prehistoric replicas, there are also 2151 Asparn / Zaya medieval exhibits constructed on the basis Vienna 8 Tel +43 (0)2577 84180 of archaeological finds uncovered in the [email protected] Dürrnberg area. The entrance ticket is valid 2 9

AUSTRIA www.urgeschichte.com for both visits, the mine and the settlement, 11 open from April to November, Tue - Fri, 9 - 17 and visitors can also purchase the Salz Innsbruck (from September Mon - Fri); Sat, Sun and Erlebnis Ticket, which covers the cost of the 10 6 12 Graz public holidays 10 - 18. bus ride from the railway station at Hallein 4 to Dürrnberg, plus entry to the museum. P In the idyllic parklands of Asparn Castle, 3 - Elsarn the open air section of the Niederösterrei- Freilichtmuseum Germanisches chisches Museum für Urgeschichte (Lower Gehöft Elsarn Austria’s Prehistory Museum) features reconstructed dwellings typical of the P R M V A 1 - Asparn/Zaya 1 prehistoric period. Visitors can discover the Gemeindeamt Straß 2 - Bad Dürrnberg winter settlement of a mammoth hunter, a 3491 Elsarn, Straß im Straßertale 3 - Elsarn Neolithic longhouse and dwellings from the Tel +43 (0)27352495 4 - GroSSklein Hallstatt culture (Iron Age), documented [email protected] 5 - Heldenberg with archaeological finds uncovered in the www.freilichtmuseum-elsarn.at 6 - Kulm bei Weiz region and dating back to the Bronze and open from March to December, Tue - Sun, 10 7 - Mitterkirchen Iron Age. The final part of the visit features - 17; the rest of the year open for groups by 8 - Petronell a demonstration of ancient techniques for prior agreement. Carnuntum working raw materials. On selected days it is 9 - Schwarzenbach also possible to sample prehistoric cooking. 10 - Umhausen Situated in an area of outstanding natural 11 - Unterrabnitz 2 - Bad Dürrnberg beauty, the Elsarn open-air museum offers 12 - Uttendorf Salzwelten Salzburg - Keltendorf visitors the chance to journey back in time, experiencing first hand the history of P R M V A peoples that lived here some 1500 years 1 3 3 Ramsaustrasse 3 ago. The museum area includes woodland 5422 Bad Dürrnberg that provides the timber used to recon- Tel +43 (0)62458528515 struct life-size Celtic dwellings. This form of [email protected] experimental archaeology is based on finds www.salzwelten.at uncovered in the area. The village features open all the year, Mon - Sun, 9 - 17. a structure for smoking meat, experimental kitchen gardens and several houses com- P pletely furnished inside. A tall furnace was Salzwelten comprises a variety of visits recently built for smelting metals, and visi- starting at three different locations: Bad tors can witness this practice on selected Dürrnberg, Hallstatt and Altaussee. Quite days. apart from the exhilarating descent into the heart of the salt mines, first mined dur- 4 - GroSSklein ing the Bronze Age, there are also visits Hallstattzeitliches Museum Großklein 1 - Asparn/Zaya 3 - Elsarn where you can find out how salt is extracted (Regionalmuseum für Archäologie der Niederösterreichisches Freilichtmuseum and used, from the earliest times up to Südsteiermark) Museum für Germanisches Gehöft the present. In particular, the Salzwelten P R M V A Urgeschichte Elsarn Salzburg tour takes in Bad Dürrnberg, where visitors can go to Keltendorf, a Celtic Grossklein 10 50 51 Germany

1 - Uhldingen-Mühlhofen the Federsee, in the southerly Baden- Pfahlbaumuseum Unteruhldingen Württemberg region, the Federseemuseum (see page 18) Bad Buchau has achieved its aim of making 36 DE archaeology attractive to the public. This it 23 2 - Albersdorf has done by presenting both a conventional- 2 27 Archäologisch-Ökologisches Zentrum style museum, with a significant collec- 22 Albersdorf tion of archaeological objects, as well as Hamburg 40 an open-air section with 12 reconstructed 38 P R M V A prehistoric dwellings. The Federsee is an 42

ermany Süderstrasse 47 area of exceptional value on the European 15

G 28 25767 Albersdorf archaeological scene, because a rare concen- 35 Tel +49 (0)4835950293 tration of prehistoric human settlements was 44 6 [email protected] discovered there: from Palaeolithic encamp- Hannover 5 Berlin www.aoeza.de ments built by deer hunters to Neolithic and 12 open from April to October, Tue - Fri, 11 - Bronze Age villages constructed on piles. 26 31 45 17, Sun, 14 - 17. In other periods advanced The museum’s many reconstructions refer to 47 20 booking only. the latter two periods. The reconstruction 41 work, which began in 1995, has yet to be 32 P concluded: maintenance of the huts is an 25 46 Cologne Dresden Since 1997, the Archäologisch-Ökologisches ongoing operation, and recently pirogues 11 Zentrum at Albersdorf (AÖZA), in the were added, as were ovens for cooking food. 43 34 northerly region of Schleswig-Holstein, The public is often invited to witness these 4 has been working on a project to recre- activities. 7 ate 40 hectares of natural and agricultural landscape as similar as possible to that 4 - Bad Homburg 29 Frankfurt 39 which existed here during the Neolithic Römerkastell Saalburg period, some 5,000 years ago. In 1999, the 10 project found concrete expression in the P R M V A reconstruction of a Neolithic village, whose Saalburg 1 8 30 17 24 wood and clay dwellings were built next to 61350 Bad Homburg Stuttgart 21 33 original prehistoric funerary monuments, Tel +49 (0)61759374-0 13 which can be visited during your excursion [email protected] 16 19 to the AÖZA. Demonstrations for families are www.saalburgmuseum.de 14 3 organised by staff in prehistoric costume. open from March to October, Mon - Sun, 9 - 9 Munich 37 There is also a museum at Albersdorf that 18; from November to February, Tue - Sun, 1 18 houses finds from archaeological excavations 9 - 16 (during school holidays, Mon - Sun). conducted in the surrounding area (Museum Closed 24 and 31 December. für Archäologie und Ökologie , Tel +49 04835971974). P Römerkastell Saalburg, an archaeology 3 - Bad Buchau museum quite unlike any other, is situated 1 - Uhldingen-Mühlhofen 17 - Kelheim 33 - Ringelai 2 - Albersdorf 18 - Kempten 34 - Sachsenburg Federseemuseum Bad Buchau just a few km North West of Frankfurt, at 3 - Bad Buchau 19 - Kirchheim 35 - Salzwedel Bad Homburg. An ancient Roman fortress 4 - Bad Homburg 20 - Klein Köris 36 - Schleswig P R M V A has been entirely reconstructed there, and 5 - Berlin 21 - Köngen 37 - Seebruck August Gröber Platz vestiges of the original can be seen next to 6 - Berlin - Hermsdorf 22 - Kussow 38 - Stadland 88422 Bad Buchau the main visitors’ entrance. The fortress was 7 - Bundenbach 23 - Lütjenburg 39 - Steinbach Tel +49 (0)75828350 built on the limes, the 550 km-long frontier 8 - Eberdingen - Hochdorf 24 - Möckenlohe 40 - Sternberg [email protected] that ran between the Rhine and the Danube, 9 - Engen 25 - Niederdorla 41 - Tilleda www.federseemuseum.de 10 - Gersheim-Reinheim 26 - Oerlinghausen 42 - Torgelow separating the Roman Empire from lands 11 - GlaubUrg 27 - 43 - Treis-Karden open from April to October, Mon - Sun, 10 - occupied by Germanic peoples. The museum 12 - Greven 28 - Passentin 44 - Uelsen 18; from November to March, Sun, 10 - 16. was founded way back in 1907, when Emper- 13 - Hechingen-Stein 29 - Perl 45 - Vetschau or Wilhelm II promoted the first restoration 14 - Herbertingen 30 - Rainau 46 - WestgreuSSen P and reconstruction work on the fortress. The 15 - Hitzacker 31 - Randau 47 - Xanten Against the unique natural backdrop of archaeological park opened to the public in 16 - Kanzach 32 - Ratingen 72 73 Germany

2003, and since 2005, both the limes and and this explains why Düppel is an interna- 2 3 Römerkastell Saalburg have been on the tionally recognised centre for experimental UNESCO World Heritage list. Once visitors archaeology. DE have passed through the monumental entry gate, they are catapulted into the daily life 6 - Berlin - Hermsdorf of the Roman soldiers who lived here for Heimatmuseum Reinickendorf - years at the outposts of Empire. The head- Germanisches Gehöft quarters and granary have been converted into an exhibition room, administrative P R M V A

ermany offices and research centre. Various museum Alt-Hermsdorf 35

G rooms are ranged around a large courtyard, 13467 Berlin - Hermsdorf and several interiors have been recreated in Tel +49 (0)304044062 them: the military dormitory, the frescoed [email protected] 4 refectory, a place for cult rituals and ovens www.heimatmuseum-reinickendorf.de for baking bread. Following the “Rundweg open throughout the year, Mon, 9 - 13.30; Saalburg”, visitors can walk to a part of the Tue - Fri and Sun, 9 - 16. limes that has been preserved. Along the way they will come across reconstructed P monuments dedicated to Jupiter and Mitra. Hermsdorf is a suburb of Berlin whose old school houses the Heimatmuseum Reinick- 5 - Berlin endorf. It is a conventional-style museum Museumsdorf Düppel devoted to German traditions, featuring reconstructions of the past, both recent and P R M V A remote. The visitor goes, for instance, from Clauertstraße 11 a Palaeolithic tent made of animal hide to 14163 Berlin an early twentieth century washhouse. In Tel +49 (0)308026671 the meadow outside the museum, a German [email protected] farm has been reconstructed (Germanisches www.dueppel.de Gehöft), on the basis of data obtained in open from March to September, Sun and archaeological digs conducted in the region. public holidays, 10 - 16. Throughout the year Three buildings have been constructed: a 5 5 for groups with a reservation. rustic farmhouse, 15 metres long, a weaving workshop and a raised granary. On particular P occasions, events in historical costume are The Museumsdorf Düppel was created in organised to re-evoke the past. 1975 largely thanks to the strength and tenacity of hundreds of Berlin volunteers. 7 - Bundenbach The attempt to recreate an entire medi- Freilichtmuseum und Keltendorf in eval village on the site where a XII-XIII Bundenbach century settlement was discovered led to the reconstruction of eleven houses, three P R M V A storerooms, a bakery, a forge and numer- Municipality, Ringstrasse 28 ous workshops for working with various raw 55626 Bundenbach 5 materials. Among the roughly 12 hectares Tel +49 (0)65449272 available to the open-air museum, other [email protected] forms of reconstruction have been created, www.keltendorf-bundenbach.de such as raising several ancient breeds of open from April to October, Mon - Sun, 10 - domestic animals and the cultivation of rare 13 / 14 - 17. Extraordinary opening during 2 - Albersdorf plants. There is also a permanent exhibition the Celtic Festival during the first weekend of Archäologisch-Ökologisches Zentrum that displays the original archaeological August. 3 - Bad Buchau finds unearthed in digs mainly from the Federseemuseum Bad Buchau 4 - Bad Homburg 1970s. The research results obtained in dem- P Römerkastell Saalburg onstrations, at times carried out before the The discovery of a Celtic hill settlement at 5 - Berlin public on open days, are regularly published, Bundenbach, some 50 km West of Frankfurt, Museumsdorf Düppel 74 75 Denmark

1 - Aars 3 - Asnæs Historisk Værksted Giver Ulvsborg Historisk Værksted DK P R M V A P R M V A Nørdalvej 5 Toftholmvej 66 Giver 9600 Aars 4550 Asnæs Tel +45 98624155 Tel +45 59628010 [email protected] [email protected] www.aars.dk - www.historiskevaerksteder.dk www.ulvsborg.dk opening: Certain sections are open only dur- open from April to October, Sun, 11 - 16. enmark

D 7 1 ing school holidays. Visitors are advised to check. 5 9 At the Ulvsborg Historisk Værksted (histori- 12 cal workshop) in Asnæs, on Zealand, visitors Historisk Værksted Giver (literally “historical will find fortifications, a house and church 19 Arhus workshop”) came into being in collaboration that have been reconstructed in keeping with Aars town council. Initially an interac- with data relating to the year 1100. Par- 10 tive learning project for schools, its aim was ticular attention has been paid to farming to provide resource material/experience for methods and to the monastic way of life. 17 history teachers. It also opens its doors to Medicinal-herb gardens have been planted. an adult public at certain times of the year 8 Copenhagen 4 3 with specialist workshops on ancient hand- 4 - Bredsten 2 crafting techniques. In the open-air section, Vingsted Historiske Værksted 11 Iron Age dwellings have been reconstructed P R M V A 14 next to those from the early XX century. 18 Vingstedmølle, Vingstedvej 58 15 Odense 2 - Albertslund 7182 Bredsten 16 Vikingelandsbyen Tel +45 75865280 [email protected] 6 P R M V A www.vhvvejleamt.dk Ledøjevej 35 open Spring and Summer, Tue - Fri, 9 -16; 13 2620 Albertslund check times for workshops; groups by ap- Tel +45 43642029 pointment. [email protected] www.vikingelandsbyen.dk Opening times vary from year to year. Visitors Located in central Jutland, the Ving- are advised to check. sted Historiske Værksted was set up near Bredsten, adjacent to Lake Vingsted. It 1 - Aars 11 - Lejre 2 P promotes mainly projects for schoolchildren 2 - Albertslund 12 - Møldrup Immersed in an almost magical green land- and includes the reconstruction of two Iron 3 - Asnæs 13 - Nykøbing F. scape, the Vikingelandsbyen in Albertslund, Age farms, a small longhouse, fields farmed 4- Bredsten 14 - Odense N. 20 km from Copenhagen, offers specific with period methods, grazing livestock and 5 - Farsø 15 - Ribe visits for children and adults. It features a place where rituals and sacrifices were 6 - Gudhjem 16 - Skærbæk replicas of Viking dwellings, often with celebrated. Visitors are always welcome, and 7 - Heltborg 17 - Skjern grass-covered roofs, some in bright colours, in the open-air section ancient handcrafts 8 - Hemmet 18 - Slagelse reconstructed on the basis of evidence un- are demonstrated. At the so-called Vingsted 9 - Hobro 19 - Vinderup covered in archaeological digs, but also from Mill, an ancient building in the country, 10 - Højbjerg ancient sagas and from images woven in the handcraft workshops are organised for splendid textiles of the period. In the nearby adults. Overnight accommodation for course meadows, domesticated animals are free to members is available on site. graze, including ancient breeds of cattle. The events diary is crammed with events, espe- 2 - Albertslund cially in Summer, when groups of re-enactors Vikingelandsbyen take up residence in the village. 98 99 Denmark

11 14 - Odense N. than ready to explain what they know about Jernalderlandsbyen working with raw materials. Gaining hands- on experience with some form of manual DK P R M V A work is always possible, as is practising Store Klaus 40 archery or watching animals at pasture or 5270 Odense N. at work in the fields: oxen, horses, sheep Tel +45 66180987 and goats. All aspects of Viking farming are [email protected] reconstructed season by season. Special www.jernalderlandsbyen.dk events enjoy particular attention, such as open throughout the year, Mon - Thu, 8.30

enmark the annual market or the exciting falconry

D - 15.30; Fri, 8.30 - 14; during the Summer display. holidays (June - August with dates that vary each year), Mon - Fri, 10 - 16; during the Au- 16 - Skærbæk tumn holiday (a week in October with dates Hjemsted Oldtidspark that vary),10 - 15,30. P R M V A Hjemstedvej 60 This Iron Age village was set up in the 6780 Skærbæk 1970s paying particular attention to the Tel +45 74750800 11 12 archaeological data that came from excava- [email protected] tions in Jutland and Funen, and relating to www.hjemsted.dk a period that extended from the year 0 to open from January to April, Mon - Thu, 11 400 AD. The village is a genuine experi- - 16; May, June, Mon - Sun, 11 - 16; July - mental laboratory, and each reconstructed 15 August, Mon - Sun, 11 - 17; 16 August dwelling conceals a workshop where visitors - October, Mon - Fri, 11 - 16 ; November, can gain hands-on experience of the past. December, Mon - Thu, 11 - 16; other periods The beauty of the place, in the breathtak- open for groups by appointment. ing green landscape of the Stavisådalen, invites visitors to spend the entire day at P the Jernalderlandsbyen, a splendid place to Opened in 1996 to conserve the Iron Age 13 13 have a picnic. Every year in Spring, a market remains unearthed on a building site in is organised based on different themes. Hjemsted, the Oldtidspark comprises an ex- tensive underground museum and an open- 15 - Ribe air section occupying 32 hectares of land, Ribe Vikingecenter on which Iron Age farm buildings have been reconstructed. Most effective the display P R M V A of funerary urns placed in ditches in the Lustrupvej 4 floor so as to evoke their original position 6760 Ribe when they were dug up. From the museum, Tel +45 75411611 visitors can take the staircase towards the [email protected] outside and gain direct access to the recon- www.ribevikingecenter.dk structed ancient dwellings, where they will open from May to September, October (during see replicas of original objects on display the week of the Autumn holidays), Mon - Fri, in the museum. The staff, which spends 10 - 15.30; during the Summer holidays the Summer in the houses, explains to the (June - August at dates that vary each year), public what these objects were used for and Mon - Fri, 11 - 17. how they were made. Special events and festivals with historical re-evocations are P organised in August. The restaurant offers 11 - Lejre The Ribe Vikingecenter extends an invita- the option of a menu based on prehistoric Sagnlandet Lejre tion to all kinds of visitor, particularly to ingredients. 12 - Møldrup experts (non-experts, too) and enthusiasts Hvolris Jernalderlandsby of Viking culture. In the large reconstructed 13 - Nykøbing F. village you will meet “Vikings” who are more Middelaldercentret 104 105 SPAIN

09199 Pinto (Madrid) Ages (VIII century BC - XIV century AD). 3 4 Tel +34 902877345 Since the year 2000, the site has been [email protected] part of a route devoted to Iberian peoples ES www.arqueopinto.com with information panels that point out and open throughout the year, Mon - Fri, guided comment on significant structures, such as visits 10 - 13. 45; family activities Sat at 11. the defensive perimeter and the towers, a Medieval granary and a blacksmith’s forge. All the original objects are conserved in SPAIN Arqueopinto is adjacent to the large Parco the Museo Archeologico de l’Esquerda. An Juan Carlos I, in the heart of Pinto, just open-air section related to excavations was over 20 km from Madrid. This no doubt ac- set up, initially devoted entirely to research counts for its popularity among tourists. The in experimental archaeology. Later, however, visit starts in a room where films and panels the area was opened to the public, and on give a general introduction to Prehistory and special-events days or on request, visitors human evolution. Scenes referring to various can see demonstrations by experts or wander moments in the ancient past have been round the reconstructed granary and forge. recreated using lifelike human figures. They are spread over an area of about 2 hectares 6 - Ronda 6 and placed in chronological order. The Centro Algaba de Ronda discovery trail starts with African hominids and continues with the reconstruction of P R M V A Palaeolithic remains and a Neolithic settle- Apparatado de Correos 159 ment, leading to Bronze and Iron Age huts, 29400 Ronda (Málaga) a Roman house and structures in use during Tel +34 952114048 the Middle Ages. Demonstrations by experts [email protected] are available by prior arrangement on week- www.algabaderonda.com days, while family-oriented activities are open throughout the year, Sat - Sun, 10 - 16. always scheduled on Saturdays. Advance booking advised.

5 - Roda de Ter In the heart of Andalusia, the Centro Algaba Jaciment Arqueològic de l’Esquerda de Ronda came into being for educational purposes and to preserve the region’s P R M V A cultural and rural heritage. Environmental, Plaça de l’Esquerda agro-geological and archaeological educa- (Museo Archeologico de l’Esquerda, Bac tion combine in workshops often organised de Roda 6) in the open-air. The Centre mainly targets 08510 Roda de Ter (Osona) schools, but visits are also laid on for fami- Tel +34 938540271 lies and adults, sometimes lasting an entire [email protected] day. A nature trail completes the experience www.lesquerda.com of the Neolithic village reconstructed on the basis of archaeological finds made around The Museo Archeologico de l’Esquerda is open 6 throughout the year, Wed and Fri, 11 - 13, Ronda. Numerous life-size dwellings have Sat, 17 - 19 (November - April), 18 - 20 (May been built, and demonstrations in experi- - October). The open-air section, Tue - Sun by mental archaeology take place when the site appointment only, except for special events. is open to the public. The Centre organises Summer camps. Lunch can be included in P the visit package. During the 1970s, an important archaeo- 3 - Gavà logical site was uncovered 70 km from Parc Arquológic Mines de Gavà Barcelona, in the locality of Roda de Ter. 4 - Pinto The Jaciment ibèric i medieval de l’Esquerda, Arqueopinto which is now one of Spain’s leading sites, 6 - Ronda ranges from the Iron Age to the Middle Centro Algaba de Ronda 110 111 France

1 - Beaucaire At the foot of the Beynac Castle, which Mas des Tourelles dominates the magnificent valley of the Dordogne, the Parc Archéologique de P R M V A FR 21 Beynac was set up on the former site Lille Route de Bellegarde 4294 of a Bronze Age settlement. Run by the 9 8 30300 Beaucaire Museum Association of the Sarladais area, 3 11 Tel +33 (0)466591972 its chief purpose is educational, though Amiens [email protected] it also carries out research and initiates 6

rance www.tourelles.com projects in experimental archaeology. Vari- Paris F open from April to October, Mon - Sun. 14 - ous demonstrations are performed for the 18; from November to March, Sat, 14 - 17; public on different days, and it is better Brest July, August, Mon - Sun, 10-12 / 14 - 19. to phone for programme details. Once 13 20 “Roman” grape harvest the second Sunday, inside the entrance, which reproduces the 18 14 - 18. fortified gate of a Celtic oppidum, the Nantes visitor can wander through the recon- P structed village, pausing to observe the Poitiers Mas des Tourelles is situated by the banks various workshops. Among the buildings 4 of the Rhone between two of France’s on display are a Neolithic dwelling, a 12 most popular tourist regions, Provence funerary dolmen that contains human 7 16 and Languedoc. It is not really an open- remains, a Bronze Age hut with a granary, Lyon air museum as such, but rather a farm and kilns for firing pottery and furnaces for Bordeaux vineyard that has a fascinating display, smelting iron. 2 open to the public and to school visits, which reconstructs the wine-producing 3 - Blangy-sur-Bresle 5 procedures used during the Roman period. Archéosite de la FATRA Toulouse 14 A villa dating back to Roman Gaul was ac- 10 1 15 tually discovered on the land where vines P R M V A Marseille 17 now grow. Excavations further revealed the Manoir de Fontaine, rue du Manoir presence of a kiln for firing amphora, im- 76340 Blangy-sur-Bresle 19 portant evidence that the site performed Tel +33 (0)235944479 a key role in the wine and olive oil trade. [email protected] Subsequently, archaeologists collaborated http://fatra.talou.free.fr on a project aimed at reconstructing a Ro- open from May to September, Sat after- 1 - Beaucaire 1 man wine-producing centre. Using grapes noon. For groups at other times by prior 2 - Beynac-et-Cazenac from an ancient vineyard, they then ex- agreement. 3 - Blangy-sur-Bresle perimented in producing wine. Wine-tast- P 4 - Bougon ing forms part of the guided visit, which 5 - Bruniquel includes other attractions throughout the The idea of creating a small, life-size 6 - Château Thierry year such as the grape-harvest, carried Merovingian village, initially for experi- 7 - Esse out in historical costume. mental purposes, was the brainchild of 8 - La Chaussée - Tirancourt FATRA, an association of archaeologists 9 - Les Rues-des-Vignes 2 - Beynac-et-Cazenac that promotes archaeological activities 10 - Lunel-Viel Parc Archéologique de Beynac in the Talou region. An ongoing project, 11 - Marle the Archéosite at Blangy-sur-Bresle, in P R M V A 12 - Melle Haute Normandie, some 40 km West of 13 - Melrand La tour du Couvent Amiens, pursues an experimental archae- 14 - Montans 24220 Beynac-et-Cazenac ology agenda, but now also invites the 15 - Quinson Tel +33 (0)553295128 public. In this way, the project continues 16 - Saint-Césaire [email protected] to expand. The buildings, which are based 17 - Saint-Julien sur Garonne www.le-perigord.com/parcarcheo.htm as faithfully as possible on local sites, 18 - Saint-Sylvain d’Anjou open from July to mid-September, Mon-Fri stand opposite the Manoir de Fontaine, 19 - Tarascon-sur-Ariège and Sun, 10 - 19. a medieval manor reconstructed in the XVI century, and which houses several 20 - Treigny 1 - Beaucaire archaeological collections. Outside, a 21 - Villeneuve d'Ascq Mas des Tourelles 116 117 France

small medieval village is evoked; domestic 5 - Bruniquel 2 quarters and craftsmen’s workshops add Campement préhistorique de the final touches to the rural setting. Bruniquel FR During the Summer, events are organised, experimental archaeology demonstrations P R M V A take place and two building sites are open Association Terre Mère: Travers Grand- to visitors. Escourat 82800 Bruniquel

rance 4 - Bougon Tel +33 (0)563242400

F Musée des Tumulus de Bougon http://prehistocamp.monsite.orange.fr 3 open July and August, Mon - Sun, 16 - 18; P R M V A the rest of the year for groups of at least La Chapelle 10 people by prior agreement. 79800 Bougon Tel +33 (0)549051213 [email protected] The association Terre Mère welcomes visi- www.deux-sevres.com/musee-bougon tors to the prehistoric encampment that it open from February to April, October to has reconstructed at Bruniquel, a splendid December, Mon, Tue, Thu, Fri, 10 - 17.30; hill-village with picturesque paved alley- Wed, Sat and Sun, 13 - 17.30; May to ways, and perched on a rock outcrop, from September, Mon - Sun, 10 - 17.30, Wed, which it dominates the Tarn and Garonne. 13 - 17.30. Within some 3 hectares of woodland, two 4 areas have been created which feature reconstructed prehistoric dwellings. Here, With its exhibitions, demonstrations, ancient arts and crafts are demonstrated evening visits and workshops, the Musée to children and adults alike. In the vil- des Tumulus offers a variety of activi- lage, it is possible to visit a permanent ties aimed at a wide-ranging public. The exhibition of prehistoric finds, including Museum was set up following the discov- a reproduction of the famous Palaeolithic ery in 1840 of a rich Neolithic necropolis murals discovered in the nearby Grotte des formed of two tumuli at Bougon, a city in Mayrières. Poitou-Charentes located between Poitiers and Niort. The museum site today stands 6 - Château Thierry on the remains of a Cistercian priory, and Habitat Castral de l’an mil 6 7 what greets the visitor is a modern glass- fronted structure surrounded by a metallic P R M V A cloister. Once inside the museum rooms, Virges Armes : rue du Village de St the visitor retraces various stages in pre- Martin 82 history. Audio-visual presentations offer 02440 Château Thierry an insight into the Neolithic period. Along Tel +33 (0)323837369 the pathway that leads to the archaeo- www.virgesarmes.com logical remains of the burial mounds, you open June, September, Wed - Fr, 15 come across replicas of two large Neo- - 18.30; July, August, Tue - Fri, 10.30 - lithic dwellings, one of them 44 metres 12.30 / 14 - in length. A walk in the open air will 18.30, Sat - Sun, 10.30 - 12.30 / 14 - 8 take you past a flock of “primitive” sheep 19.30. 2 - Beynac-et-Cazenac (a breed called Soay) and through the Parc Archéologique de Beynac botanical gardens, which are being culti- 3 - Blangy-sur-Bresle vated experimentally. A bike-hire service Domus Castri is a centre for historical Archéosite de la FATRA means that you can also cycle through the interpretation specialising in the High 4 - Bougon museum’s delightful surroundings. Middle Ages and located in the heart of Musée des Tumulus the feudal castle at Château Thierry, a 7 - Esse small town in Picardy between Paris and Village gaulois Reims. The main attraction is the Virges 8 - La Chaussée - Tirancourt Samara 118 119 France

Armes group, which manages the centre www.samara.fr At the Archéosite Les Rues-des-Vignes, 11 - Marle and stages extremely realistic re-enact- open March to June and September to a few km South of Cambrai in the Pas de Musée des Temps Barbares ments of daily life in a X and XI century November, Mon - Fri, 9.30 - 17.30, Sat and Calais (North), visitors can choose one of FR wooden castle, among the earliest of its Sun, 10 - 18; July, August, Mon - Sun, 10 two options. Either they can wander freely P R M V A kind. The vitality of the craftsmen, trades- - 18.30. between reconstructed buildings, reading Rue des Moulins men and peasants at work is what brings the explanatory panels, or else they can 02250 Marle events to life, transforming the visit into take a guided visit that will help them Tel +33 (0)323240133 a total experience of a bygone age. Each You need a whole day to complete the to discover aspects of Roman Gaul, the [email protected]

rance year, Domus Castri hosts the Grangousier visit to the Samara Park at La Chaussée Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties. www.museedestempsbarbares.fr

F festival, an opportunity not to be missed - Tirancourt, just a few km from Amiens. The archaeological enquiries conducted open from March to October, Mon - Sun for those who wish to savour the flavours Here you can meet a host of craftsmen, in the area testify to a continuous human (closed Tue), 14 - 19. Closed on 1 May and of the past. guides and presenters. Occupying an area presence at Les Rues-des-Vignes from 14 July. of 24 hectares, devoted to reconstruc- Roman Gaul onwards. The Archéosite, 7 - Esse tions, nature areas and an indoor exhibi- which came into being as an experimental P Village gaulois d’Esse tion space, Samara was set up to give the village on the wave of excavations and re- The Musée des Temps Barbares di Marle public an idea of what life was like for search, opened to the public between the is the result of 25 years of archaeologi- P R M V A people who lived between the Palaeolithic 1980s and ’90s. The more ancient of the cal research conducted by specialists who 16500 Esse and Iron Age. A pavilion houses perma- periods (I - IV century) is represented by have worked here as unpaid volunteers. Tel +33 (0)545841361 nent and temporary exhibitions, but most a cellar, partially rebuilt from the original, The long series of fortunate archaeological [email protected] of the visit takes place in the open air. and two connected areas that have been excavations in the Goudelancourt locality lesgauloisdesse.free.fr After walking through an area set aside reconstructed for handcraft activity. The has brought to light a medieval necropo- open from June to October, Tue - Fri, 10 - for demonstrations by craftsmen, the visi- Merovingian period (V - VIII century) is lis and settlement from the Merovingian 12 / 14 - 17. tor comes across reconstructions from four represented by a necropolis, a barn and period. Besides the need to find a deposit different periods of prehistory: a Palaeo- workshops. The Carolingian period (IX - X for the various objects that had been lithic shelter in a tent, a large Neolithic century) is represented by a sanctuary, unearthed, there was a desire to create a The Gallic village of Esse, which is located dwelling, a Bronze Age hut and a col- dwellings and workshops. In September, museum in which they could be displayed. in Poitou-Charentes, about 50 km South lection of Iron Age houses, all furnished the public is invited to take part in the Thus, in 1991, inside an ancient disused East of Poitiers, was set up by Les Gaulois and ready to welcome guests. A botanical grape harvest. mill, the Musée des Temps Barbares came d’Esse, a group that stages historical re- garden with 500 different plant species into being. Outside, the visit proceeds enactments. At the summit of a towering and an area with Neolithic plants are also 10 - Lunel-Viel to various reconstructed buildings: the hill, the visitor can walk through the accessible to the public. The oppidum of Village de Cambous Merovingian farm, the Frankish village, gates of a settlement founded by the La Chaussée - Tirancourt, a natural for- the “archaeological” gardens, paddocks Lemovics, the people who inhabited the tress perched on a hill, is also well worth P R M V A for domestic animals and the medieval region from the Bronze Age up to the pe- a visit, albeit unguided. It is on this Plan de l’Olivier 4 necropolis. There is a varied programme of riod of Roman Gaul, leaving their name on fortress, which was further fortified by the 34400 Lunel-Viel outdoor activities, depending on the sea- the map (Limousin). The Village Gaulois Celtic populations that lived here, that Tel +33 (0)467863437 son. The most colourful, the “Merovingian has grown steadily since 2003, and today Samara is built. www.archeologue.org days”, really do transport the visitor into occupies an area of 4 hectares. Here the open throughout the year, Sat, Sun and another world. visitor will find a reconstructed murus gal- 9 - Les Rues-des-Vignes public holidays, 14 - 18. licus (a defensive wall), a sanctuary, the Archéosite Les Rues-des-Vignes 12 - Melle residence of a nobleman and various work- Mines d’Argent des Rois Francs shops for handcrafting raw materials. Most P R M V A Cambous, a picturesque village 20 km of the activities are carried out in the Rue Haute 882 from Montpellier, hosts one of Languedoc’s P R M V A Summer, and it is advisable to telephone 59258 Les Rues-des-Vignes most ancient and interesting archaeologi- Rue pré du Gué BP 29ù for daily programme details. Tel +33 (0)327789942 cal sites. From the 1960s on, Neolithic 79500 Melle [email protected] and Copper Age dwellings in a good state Tel +33 (0)549291954 8 - La Chaussée - Tirancourt archeo.ruesdesvignes.free.fr of preservation have been uncovered here. [email protected] Samara open from 15 March to 15 November, Sat, The Societé Languedocienne de préhistoire www.mines-argent.com Sun and public holidays, 14 - 18; Tue - Fri, proposes a guided visit among the ruins open from March to mid-June and from P R M V A 9 - 12 / 14 - 18. From mid-March to mid- and reconstructed houses. On special oc- mid-September to mid-November, Mon - Fri, Route Saint-Sauveur November for groups only by prior agree- casions, such as Heritage Day, demonstra- guided visits 10.30 and 15, Sat, Sun and 80310 La Chaussée - Tirancourt ment. tions of ancient techniques take place. public holidays, 10.30, 14.30 and 16.30; Tel +33 (0)322518283 from mid-June to mid-September, Mon - [email protected] Sun, guided visits 10.30, 14.15, 15, 15.45, 120 121 Ireland

1 - Quin 2 - Ferrycarrig Craggaunowen Irish National Heritage Park IE P R M V A P R M V A Quin, Ennis, Co. Clare Ferrycarrig, Co. Wexford Info: Shannon Heritage Tel +353 (0)539120733 c/o Bunratty Castle & Folk Park [email protected] Bunratty, Co. Clare www.inhp.com Tel +353 (0)61711200 open throughout the year, Mon - Sun, 9.30 reland

I www.shannonheritage.com - 18.30. open from mid-April to mid-October, Mon - Sun, 10 - 16. P The Irish National Heritage Park is an ar- P chaeological open-air museum that occupies Craggaunowen is a few km from the centre 35 hectares at Ferrycarrig, a small centre of Quin in County Clare. Medieval art expert 5 km from Wexford, in South East Ireland. and director of Sotheby's, John Hunt, Various historical environments have been bought the land with the intention of set- recreated there with life-size reconstructions ting up an open-air museum around the that trace some 9000 years of Irish history. Dublin Galway XV century castle, which he restored and Professional archaeologists supervised the which is part of the visit. Various historical building of these structures, which are reconstructions have been created on about nearly always based on actual archaeologi- 50 hectares of land, inspired by archaeologi- cal finds. The extensive park also includes 1 cal remains unearthed in different parts of woodland, open fields, lakes and a river- Limerick Ireland. They more or less reconstruct the bank: each setting preserves its own precise history of the nation, from Prehistory to natural features, with types of vegetation 2 the Christian era. One of the major attrac- as similar as possible to those of antiquity. tions is the reconstruction of a crannog, A case in point is the replica of a Neolithic Waterford a kind of artificial island on which Bronze dwelling discovered at Lough Gur (in County and Iron Age dwellings were erected on Limerick), hidden within a forest of birch, the water. Another Iron Age feature is the willow and fir, as the site attests. There are Cork wooden pathway reconstructed on the basis also reconstructions of: a Neolithic dolmen; of a Celtic fragment uncovered in County a Bronze Age circle of stones, which prob- Longford. An entire IV-V century farm has ably performed an astronomical function; a been recreated with circular dwellings made large crannog built on the water and featur- of dry-stone walls. About 40,000 examples ing several dwellings; a Celtic settlement; a of this kind have been identified throughout Christian monastery complete with church, 1 1 - Quin Ireland. Depending on the various contexts, cell, scriptorium and refectory; a XI century 2 - Ferrycarrig handcraft demonstrations are organised and Viking longhouse found at Wexford; and domesticated species are raised, adding a a Norman castle, similar to those in Great 1 - Quin final touch of realism. Britain. Of particular interest is a horizontal Craggaunowen water mill, used for the first time in Ireland 2 - Ferrycarrig in the VII century, and here up and running Irish National Heritage Park so that visitors can gain hands-on experi- 2 ence. The Irish National Heritage Park has a mainly educational agenda, and for this reason offers numerous demonstrations and workshops open to the public throughout the year.

134 135 Iceland

1 - Eiriksstadir 2 - Gnúpverjahreppi Leifur Eriksson Þjóðveldisbærinn Viking Farm Stöng IS P R M V A P R M V A Búðardalur 371 Þjórsárdal, Gnúpverjahreppi Eiriksstadir, Haukadal Tel +354 4887713 Tel +354 4341118 / 4304706 / 6169450 www.thjodvelisbaer.is [email protected] open from June to August, Mon - Sun, 10 - www.leif.is 12 / 13 - 18. Akureyri

I celand open from June to September, Mon - Sun, 9 -18. 1 In 1104, at the time of the ancient Com- monwealth (the state in Iceland between According to the sagas, Erik the Red lived 930 and 1262, up until the Norwegian at Eiriksstadir in Haukadal, in North West Conquest), the valley of the river Þjórsá, Reykjavik Iceland. It was here that his son Leif was in the southerly region of Árnessýsla, was 2 born. When Erik was sent into exile for devastated by the eruption of the volcano Selfoss having committed several murders, he Hekla. Forty of the many farms that were Hella sailed West until he came to the hitherto destroyed by fire were rediscovered during unknown Greenland. Around the year 1000 archaeological excavations conducted at his son Leif also embarked and sailed West, Þjórsárdal from the 1930s on. Among them, touching the coasts of North America. The the farm at Stöng was the best preserved archaeological excavations conducted at and suitable for supplying information that Eiriksstadir between the end of the 1950s, could be used in the works of reconstruction and chiefly between 1997-1999, have that were scheduled in 1974 to mark the revealed the presence of a longhouse from 1100th anniversary of Iceland's foundation. 1 - Eiriksstadir the X century. The remains of the structure The replica of the chief dwelling from a 2 - Gnúpverjahreppi are still visible, but it was decided to build medieval farmstead was created on the same a replica next to the original. In 2000, to site, not far from the original remains. Next mark the occasion of one thousand years to it stands a copy of the small church from 1 since Leif landed in America, the reconstruc- the same period. The long house, with stone tion, based on findings at Eirikstadir, was walls and a roof made of earth and grass, opened to the public. During the summer, today features a small museum that displays guides welcome visitors in period costume, copies of objects and furniture typical of explaining what life was like at the time. the Commonwealth. The site can be visited Around the site, panels indicate the pres- throughout the year, but only during the ence of archaeological remains. summer months is access granted, with a 1 - Eiriksstadir guide, to the dwelling. Leifur Eriksson 2 - Gnúpverjahreppi Þjóðveldisbærinn Viking Farm Stöng

2 2

136 137 Italy

1 - MONTALE handcraft techniques, while at the same Parco Archeologico e Museo time visiting the open air reconstructions. 11 all’aperto della Terramara di Montale The history of mankind from Prehistory to IT (see page 26) the Roman Age is represented in various 5 structures: a Palaeolithic cave settlement, 3 8 10 9 7 2 - Blera a Mesolithic overhanging rock shelter, a Milan Antiquitates - Parco di archeologia Neolithic farm, Bronze Age huts, Iron Age

taly Venice I sperimentale dwellings and a Roman theatre. The Arche- opark staff will escort visitors, on request, P R M V A to nearby sites in the Val Camonica: the 1 Località Civitella Cesi graffiti on cave walls all along the valley Bologna 01010 Blera (Viterbo) and the Roman remains at Cividate Camuno; Florence Tel +39 (0)761415031 the medieval and renaissance castles; the [email protected] numerous churches and hill villages. 4 6 www.antiquitates.it open throughout the year, Mon - Sun, 9 - 17. 4 - Campagnatico 2 Booking recommended. Gli Albori RomE P P R M V A In the heart of Latium, at Blera, about 20 Agriturismo S. Caterina, Località Gra- km from Viterbo, the Antiquitates experi- naione Naples mental archaeology park proposes a visit 58042 Campagnatico (Grosseto) called Etruschi Vivi (Living Etruscans), a Tel +39 (0)564998364 / reconstructed Iron Age village in which 9 www.glialbori.it huts have been built based on archaeologi- [email protected] cal finds from the Villanovan and Etruscan open throughout the year, Mon - Sat, 9.30 - periods. A palisade divides the area in which 16; closed in February. Bookings preferred. a workshop section is further subdivided into zones, each one devoted to public P demonstrations of various ancient crafts. Situated in the heart of the Maremma, Antiquitates concentrates mainly on the Tuscany, Gli Albori is a village that has been history of the Etruscans, but there are also reconstructed on the basis of archaeologi- various references that range from Prehis- cal data from excavations conducted by the tory to the Roman Age. University of Milan near to the border with Latium. The village workshop is located at 3 - Boario Terme the S. Caterina agriturismo, where interac- Archeopark - Darfo Boario Terme tive teaching activities are organised for visitors. Apart from life-size recreations of 1 1 - MONTALE P R M V A Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Age dwellings, 2 - Blera Località Gattaro there are also areas in the open-air devoted 3 - Boario Terme 25041 Boario Terme (Brescia) to experimental archaeology. The Gli Albori 4 - Campagnatico Tel +39 (0)364529552 Association, the body that runs the guided 5 - Capodiponte [email protected] visits and village activities, proposes a wide 6 - Cetona www.archeopark.net range of workshops for children and adults 7 - Lusiana open from March to November, Mon - Sun, related to various prehistoric manufacturing 8 - Molina di Ledro 9 - 17.30 (extended during the Summer). In techniques. A visit to nearby archaeologi- 9 - Revine Lago February reservations required for groups. cal sites can be requested when making a 10 - Rotzo reservation. 11 - Val Senales P Buried among the green hills of the Ca- monica Valley, a stone’s throw from Lake Iseo, the Archeopark Darfo Boario Terme is 1 - Montale an extensive theme park in which the visitor Parco Archeologico e Museo can take part in activities related to ancient all’aperto della Terramara di Montale 138 139 Italy

6 8 - Molina di Ledro ber on Sat, Sun and public holidays, 9 - 13 / Museo delle Palafitte del lago di 14 - 18 (from April to September, 10 - 19). Ledro IT 6 P R M V A The Livelet Archaeology Education Park is Via al Lago, 1 situated on the flanks of the Pre-Alps in a 38060 Molina di Ledro (Trento) splendid natural environment some 50 km to taly

I Tel +39 (0)464508182 the North of Treviso. The area is renowned [email protected] for a number of significant archaeological www.palafitteledro.it finds. From the 1980s, investigations on open from March to June and from September the part of the Veneto Region’s Archaeology to November, Tue - Sun, 9 - 13 / 14 17; July Superintendence began to reveal remains of and August, Mon - Sun, 10 - 18. a settlement inhabited from the Neolithic period up to the Bronze Age. Prehistoric P finds in the Colmaggiore area, plus a desire On the banks of Lake Ledro, in Trentino, to promote the attractions of the lakes at a part of Alpine prehistory comes to life Ravine, were what prompted the planning thanks to the partially reconstructed settle- of the Park. The Livelet complex comprises ment which stood here some four thousand teaching areas and open-air workshops years ago. Adjacent to the archaeological where space is set aside for the archaeologi- area, the lake-dwelling Museum at Ledro cal reconstruction of Neolithic, Copper and houses a collection of objects and tools Bronze Age settlements. In addition, there 8 from one of the most important Bronze are reception and teaching areas, a simu- Age lake dwelling settlements to have been lated dig and an experimental agriculture uncovered in the Italian Alps. The Ledro project. Access to the reconstructed village Museum, which is a specialist offshoot of is allowed only with a guide, and advance the Tridentine Museum of Natural Sciences, booking is recommended. was founded in the 1960s. In recent years, three dwellings, open to the public, have 10 - Rotzo been reconstructed in front of the Museum Archeopercorso del Bostel di Rotzo to re-evoke the original village. They are used for experimentation and demonstra- P R M V A tions. A wooden platform constructed on Via Bostel the riverbed of the Ponale supports the lake 36010 Rotzo (Vicenza) dwellings, two of which are relatively small Tel +39 (0)424691100 (3 X 6 metres) and the third much larger (5 [email protected] X 8 metres). The building techniques em- www.archeidos.it/bosteldirotzo/ ployed follow the model found in lake-dwell- open from April to October, Sat and Sun, ing centres in other parts of Europe, and 9.30 - 19; July and August, Mon - Sun, 9.30 - methods are based on archaeological data 19. The rest of the year by prior agreement. supplied by research conducted at Ledro and at the nearby site of Fiavé. P The Archeopercorso is a discovery trail that 6 - Cetona 9 9 - Revine Lago runs around the Bostel site, near Castelletto Archeodromo di Cetona Belverde Parco archeologico didattico del di Rotzo in the Pre-Alps, North of Vicenza. 8 - Molina di Ledro Livelet At 850 metres above sea level and with Museo delle Palafitte del lago di plenty of sunlight, it was always well-placed Ledro P R M V A to survey the surrounding territory. A Bronze 9 - Revine Lago Via Carpenè Age settlement was discovered thanks to Parco archeologico didattico 31020 Revine Lago (Treviso) research conducted by the University of del Livelet Tel +39 (0)422656709 Padova in co-operation with the Veneto [email protected] Region’s Superintendence for Archaeology, http://livelet.provincia.treviso.it local bodies and the C.I.S.A.S (International open from March to the beginning of Novem- Centre for Surface Archaeology Studies). 142 143 The Netherlands

means megalithic tomb in Dutch. Of the 54 Tel +31 (0)648816578 3 4 tombs still visible in the Netherlands, 52 are [email protected] in Drenthe and 16 in the vicinity of Borger. www.swifterkamp.nl NL At the Hunebedcentrum visitors can admire open throughout the year, free entry from the largest megalithic tomb to have been dawn till dusk; some reconstructions may be conserved, in addition to reconstructions of closed and there are neither routine dem- a dwelling and store based on original Neo- onstrations nor guided visits. Guided visits lithic structures discovered in Germany and and activities take place only in the summer the Netherlands. Inside the modern build- months, Mon - Sun, 13 - 16 and during spe- ing that houses the centre, a permanent cial events (see annual dates diary). exhibition has been set up with a wealth of information on the history of megaliths and P etherlands the peoples that made them. The display is In a splendid green area to the South of 5 5 also full of objects that came to light during Lelystad, at the edge of the city’s nature excavations conducted in the region. park (Natuurpark Lelystad), visitors will

T he N find the Swifterkamp centre, Flevoland’s 5 - Dongen prehistoric settlement foundation. Lelys- Ijzertijdboerderij Dongen tad is approx. 50 km East of Amsterdam and is situated in Flevoland, in the central P R M V A Netherlands, an area in which considerable Oude Oosterhoutsebaan amounts of Neolithic remains have come 5104 HK Dongen to light. These archaeological finds are the Tel +31 (0)162311759 final traces left by human beings before [email protected] the onset of the modern age. Swifterkamp www.ijzertijdboerderij.nl features a small, reconstructed Neolithic open from April to October, Sat, 13 - 17; at village which comprises two large dwellings 6 other times by prior agreement. equipped as farmhouses and three build- ings connected with handcrafts. Next to P these a tent has been set up based on the The Ijzertijdboerderij was set up in 2004 model used by prehistoric hunters. The vil- with the creation of an Iron Age farm at lage is accessible all year round, every day. Dongen, a small town in the South West of However, to take part in guided visits and the Netherlands just a few km from Tilburg witness demonstrations of ancient handcraft between Eindhoven and Rotterdam. What techniques, you must go to Swifterkamp makes this archaeological open-air museum during the Summer months, when groups very special is that only volunteer archae- of re-enactors take up residence there. Alter- ologists work on the project, supported by natively, you can take part in the numerous the local authority and citizens. The latter events that are organised throughout the lent a hand in the building work and took year. At such times, experts are involved in part in preparing activities for the public. At activities that are open to the public. the centre of the farm there is a large Iron Age dwelling reconstructed on the basis of archaeological finds unearthed in the Neth- erlands and surrounded by fields and gar- 6 3 - Amersfoort dens. There are also smaller buildings used Centrum voor Natuur en Milieu as outhouses or stables and some graves. Educatie 4 - Borger 6 - Lelystad Hunebedcentrum Stichting Prehistorische Nederzetting 5 - Dongen Flevoland (SPNF) - Swifterkamp Ijzertijdboerderij Dongen 6 - Lelystad P R M V A Stichting Prehistorische Nederzetting Vlotgrasweg 15 Flevoland - Swifterkamp 8203 AH Lelystad 152 153 Poland

- 18, Sat - Sun, 10 - 18; from July to October, October, Mon - Sat, 9 - 16, Sun, 11 - 16; 2 Tue - Fri, 9 - 17, Sat - Sun, 10 - 17. Open from November to March, Mon - Sat, 9 - 15, Easter Monday. Sun, 11 - 15. PL P Situated in Central North Poland at Led- Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski is a city in Central nogóra, between Poznań and Gniezno, the Southern Poland situated about 100 km Muzeum Pierwszych Piastów na Lednicy is a South of Warsaw and 60 km East of Kielce.

oland vast open-air museum that includes four dif- At the beginning of the XX century, various

P ferent complexes of historical, archaeologi- types of flint and numerous prehistoric cal and natural interest, some of which fea- mines started to come to light in the nearby ture reconstructions in the open. The main Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Among these, the attraction is the Ostrów Lednicki archaeol- mines at Krzemionki are currently one of ogy reserve, the largest of the lake’s islands the most extensive flint deposits in Europe. 2 and classified as a national monument. The Quarried from the Neolithic period on, and island features archaeological remains of a throughout the Bronze Age, this area is palace and two religious structures made of exceptionally well preserved, both on the stone from the X and XI century. These were surface and underground. This has made it built during the reign of Prince Mieszko I, possible to create the Muzeum i Rezerwat who introduced Christianity to Poland in Archeologiczno Przyrodniczy Krzemionki, 996. Several wooden buildings reconstructed a section of the Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski on the model of those that stood on the archaeology museum, which features the island during the Middle Ages can be seen in open-air reconstruction of a Neolithic settle- a small open-air section. Ancient handcrafts ment. Here the public can visit the mine and are also demonstrated to the public. At witness demonstrations of how the flint was Dziekanowice, adjacent to the museum’s extracted. The archaeology reserve was cre- offices, temporary exhibitions are held on ated to protect the site not long after it was the island’s history. The Muzeum Pierwszych discovered in 1922, while the underground Piastów na Lednicy also comprises other tunnel, 500 m long and running through sectors: the Giecz archaeological reserve at the Neolithic mines, was not opened to the Dominwo, 20 km south of Lednogóra; the public until 2004. The small Neolithic village 2 3 Lednica landscape museum, which presents was reconstructed on the basis of archaeo- other islands and features archaeologi- logical finds from encampments where pre- cal remains ranging from Prehistory to the historic miners took up temporary residence Middle Ages; and the Wielkopolski ethnog- while they worked at the quarry. A fence raphy park at Lednogóra, with its more delimits the dwelling space, and the various than 50 reconstructed rural buildings from reconstructed houses relate to different the XVI - XX century. The museum offers a Neolithic cultures in which there is evidence varied programme of events in the different of flint extraction from the mines. historical contexts, including atmospheric nocturnal visits. 5 - Wolin Stowarzyszenie Centrum Słowian i 4 - Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski Wikingów Muzeum i Rezerwat Archeologiczno - 3 Przyrodniczy Krzemionki P R M V A ul. Graniczna 2 P R M V A 72 510 Wolin Krzemionki Tel +48 913260741 / 605640644 (in- 27 400 Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski glese) 2 - Gąsawa Tel +48 412620978 [email protected] Muzeum Archeologiczne www.krzemionki.pl/index. www.jomsborg-vineta.com w Biskupinie shtml?neovillage open from April to June, September and 3 - Lednogóra open from May to September, Mon - Fri, October, Mon - Sun, 10 - 16; July and August, Muzeum Pierwszych Piastów 9 - 16, Sat, 9 - 17, Sun, 11 - 17; April to Mon - Sun, 10 - 18. na Lednicy 160 161 Sweden

century). They contain tools and equip- the go-ahead was given for reconstruct- 2 2 ment related to handcraft techniques used ing this remarkable treasure trove, which in experimental archaeology. The enquir- played a key role in research into the SE ies conducted between 1964 and 1973 region’s prehistory, shedding new light showed that the fort underwent three on a period that is still little documented phases in its settlement: between 300 and in Sweden. Faithful reconstructions were 400, when the fort was built strategically built of all the edifices discovered, based at less than 2 km from the Baltic Sea, and on data supplied by the archaeological around a pure water source that is still findings. The entire settlement was recre-

Sw eden active; between 400 and 700, a period ated, whose inhabitants practised mainly in which a stable settlement was created arable and livestock farming, fishing, inside the fort, later to be abandoned in hunting and handcrafts. During the sum- the VIII century; and between 1170 and mer, Gene Fornby is inhabited by a family 1240, when the fort was reconstructed. that wears clothes like those of its ancient At Eketorp it is possible to visit numerous inhabitants, and since 2001 a group of reconstructed buildings, see craftsmen at re-enactors has been in residence. work and take part in demonstrations. A museum on the site conserves a part of 6 - Ekerö the 26,000 archaeological objects that Birka Vikingastaden have come to light during excavations, while the rest of the finds are displayed P R M V A at the Museum of National Antiquities, Birka 5 6 Stockholm. Every year at Eketorp events, 178 34 Ekerö, Björkö concerts and festivals with living history Tel +46 (0)812004000 are organised. [email protected] www.stromma.se 5 - Domsjö, Örnsköldsvik www.raa.se/birka Gene Fornby open from May to September; we recom- mend contacting Strömma Turism & Sjöfart. P R M V A Genesmon 115 892 43 Domsjö, Örnsköldsvik Situated 30 km from Stockholm, the Birka Tel +46 (0)66055489 site on the island of Björkö, and that of 6 [email protected] Hovgården on the neighbouring island www.genefornby.com of Adelsö, have enjoyed UNESCO herit- open throughout the year for groups with age recognition since 1993. These sites a booking; July and August, Tue - Sun, perfectly illustrate the elaborate network 12 - 17. of contacts created by the European Vikings and the influence they had on the subsequent history of Scandinavia. Birka At Domsjö, a locality on the Gulf of Both- was first excavated in the XIX century, but nia in the South East Norrland of Sweden, mainly during the 1990s. The University the University of Umeå conducted ar- of Gotland, which currently continues chaeological research from 1977 to 1988, research at Birka and Hovgården, also in a zone already celebrated for several co-ordinated the reconstruction project burial mounds (tumuli) dating back to the on the Vikingastaden, the Viking city. Iron Age. Adjacent to the necropolis, a Birka was founded in 750 AD as an huge settlement was uncovered from the emporium along the Viking trade routes, I- VII century AD, comprising two long- soon becoming one of the leading ports, 2 - Årsunda houses some 40 metres in length, a large whereas Hovgården was the site of a royal Årsunda Viking workshop for processing iron, a connected residence. The work of reconstructing the 5 - Domsjö, Örnsköldsvik weaving workshop where flax (linen) was village has only just begun: for 2009, 5 Gene Fornby woven on a vertical loom, traces of smelt- dwellings are scheduled for reconstruction, 6 - Ekerö ing bronze and growing cereals. In 1991, based rigorously on archaeological data, Birka Vikingastaden 168 169 UK - England

6 selected at Butser Ancient Farm on the basis 7 - Jarrow of archaeozoological data deriving from Bede's World local sites. UK P R M V A 6 - Church Bank Peat Moors Centre Jarrow, Tyne & Wear NE32 3DY Tel +44 (0)1914892106 P R M V A [email protected] Shapwick Road, www.bedesworld.co.uk

ngland Glastonbury, BA6 9TT open from April to October, Mon - Sat, 10 - Tel +44 (0)1458860697 17.30, Sun, 12 - 17.30; from November to [email protected] March, Mon - Sat, 10 - 16.30, Sun, 12 - 16.30 www.peatmoorscentre.org.uk (closed 22 - 26, 29 - 31 December and 1 UK - E open from April to October, Sat - Sun, Bank January). Holiday and school holidays 10-16; from 6 - Glastonbury November to March bookings only. P Peat Moors Centre Bede’s World is a museum in Jarrow, a small 7 - Jarrow P town in Tyne and Wear on the banks of the Bede’s World The Peat Moors Centre offers visitors the river Tyne. It is entirely devoted to the life 10 - Penzance chance to travel back into the remote past and times of a Benedictine monk called Bede, Flag Fen Archaeology Park of Somerset, the county in the South West who lived between the VII and VIII century of England where Glastonbury is located. (673 - 735) and is famous for his magnum 7 9 It is here, 50 km south of Bristol, that the opus, completed in 731, “Historia Ecclesias- Centre is based. The museum is run by the tica Gentis Anglorum”. This work conferred Somerset Historic Environment Service, and on the Venerable Bede the title “father of is dedicated to the archaeology, history English history”. Bede lived and worked at and geology of the so-called Somerset the monastery of Saint Paul, Jarrow, ruins Levels, those parts of the county featur- of which still can be seen next to the new ing marshlands and peat bogs. Three round church and museum. Bede’s World explores houses typical of the Iron Age have been the uses and customs of the Anglo-Saxon reconstructed based on originals that came period, which is why it features a recon- to light at the , structed VII-VIII century farm in which rare founded in the IV century BC and occupied breeds of domestic animals are reared and by Celtic populations up until the Roman plants are grown that were known during 10 invasion. The village was discovered thanks the Middle Ages. Three dwellings have been to the inspired research of Arthur Bul- reconstructed under the watchful eye of leid at the end of the XIX century, and it professional architects and archaeologists, yielded up numerous finds now conserved and using techniques that rigorously respect at Glastonbury Lake Village Museum (www. the principles of experimental archaeology. glastonburytic.co.uk) and at the Somer- They are based on originals uncovered in ex- set County Museum in the county town of cavations conducted in Northumbria, a little Taunton (www.somerset.gov.uk). A copy way to the North. Bede’s World also boasts of the unique , one of Britain’s a museum housed in a modern construction most ancient manmade pathways, has been that takes up the architectural lines of build- reconstructed by the Centre. Made of wood, ings from the Roman Age and Middle Ages. A it was found in an exceptional state of pres- permanent collection has been set up which, ervation in the peat bog. The Peat Moors following the order established by Bede him- Centre regularly organises demonstrations self in his Historia, presents archaeological of ancient handcraft practices; these are finds that came to light in the Anglo-Saxon open to the public, who are welcome to try monastery, drawings and models, audio-visual out their skills. There are also special living and interactive support material. Visitors can history events. attend demonstrations of handcraft activities during medieval events and even try on a monk’s habit. 186 187