Evaluación, Delimitación Y Análisis De Los Usos En Los Habitáculos Marinos Dentro De La Reserva Natural Arrecifes De La Cordillera

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Evaluación, Delimitación Y Análisis De Los Usos En Los Habitáculos Marinos Dentro De La Reserva Natural Arrecifes De La Cordillera EVALUACIÓN, DELIMITACIÓN Y ANÁLISIS DE LOS USOS EN LOS HABITÁCULOS MARINOS DENTRO DE LA RESERVA NATURAL ARRECIFES DE LA CORDILLERA INFORME FINAL PREPARADO PARA: PREPARADO POR: SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO FEBRERO 2005 (REV.) TABLA DE CONTENIDO 1.0 RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ............................................................................................... 11 2.0 INTRODUCCION.......................................................................................................... 13 2.1 TRASFONDO HISTÓRICO Y UTILIZACIÓN DE RECURSOS ......................................................... 14 2.2 AMBIENTE NATURAL Y GEOGRÁFICO ..................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Localización ................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.2 Climatología................................................................................................................. 18 2.2.3 Oceanografía................................................................................................................ 20 2.2.4 Geología........................................................................................................................ 21 2.2.5 Fauna ............................................................................................................................ 22 2.2.6 Flora .............................................................................................................................. 23 2.2.7 Comunidades Marinas............................................................................................... 23 2.3 IMPORTANCIA ECONÓMICA..................................................................................................... 25 3.0 OBJETIVOS..................................................................................................................... 28 4.0 METODOLOGÍA ........................................................................................................... 29 4.1 REVISIÓN DATOS Y MAPAS EXISTENTES.................................................................................. 29 4.1.1 Mapas Bénticos NOAA............................................................................................... 30 4.1.2 Suplemento Técnico Plan de Manejo de La Reserva Natural La Cordillera........ 30 4.1.3 Índices de Sensitividad Ambiental NOAA.............................................................. 30 4.2 REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA.................................................................................... 31 4.3 CARTA NÁUTICA NOAA ........................................................................................................ 31 4.4 FOTOGRAFÍAS AÉREAS ............................................................................................................. 32 4.5 ENTREVISTAS DE CAMPO ......................................................................................................... 32 4.5.1 Pescadores Comerciales ............................................................................................. 32 4.5.2 Operadores de Tiendas de Buceo y Actividades Recreativas ........................................ 33 4.5.3 Otras Fuentes de Información........................................................................................ 34 4.6 VALIDACIÓN DE CAMPO.......................................................................................................... 34 5.0 RESULTADOS.................................................................................................................... 37 5.1 COMUNIDADES MARINAS Y ECOSISTEMAS BÉNTICOS ............................................................ 37 5.1.1 Palominos/Palominitos ............................................................................................. 37 5.1.2 Cayo Lobos .................................................................................................................. 41 5.1.3 Cayo Icacos .................................................................................................................. 45 5.1.4 Cayo Diablo ................................................................................................................. 49 5.2 UTILIZACIÓN ACTUAL DE LAS ISLAS Y CAYOS DE LA CORDILLERA....................................... 53 5.2.1 Palominos/Palominitos ............................................................................................. 53 5.2.2 Cayo Lobos .................................................................................................................. 57 5.2.3 Cayo Icacos .................................................................................................................. 60 CSA Group, Inc. II Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico 5.2.4 Cayo Diablo ................................................................................................................. 63 5.3 MAPAS DE UTILIZACIÓN PROPUESTA...................................................................................... 66 5.3.1 Palominos y Palominitos ............................................................................................ 66 5.3.2 Cayo Lobos ................................................................................................................... 69 5.3.3 Cayo Icacos................................................................................................................... 72 5.3.4 Cayo Diablo.................................................................................................................. 75 6.0 CONCLUSION Y RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................... 78 7.0 PERSONAL PARTICIPANTE – CSA ............................................................................. 87 8.0 REFERENCIAS .................................................................................................................. 88 APENDICES............................................................................................................................... 90 APENDICES A - Definiciones de los Diferentes Ecosistemas Marinos Clasificados en el Área de La Cordillera APENDICE B - Información sobre Instalación de Boyas APENDICE C - Boya Propuesta para Área de Protección de Hábitat APENDICE D - Documentación Fotográfica CSA Group, Inc. III Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico LISTADO DE TABLAS Página Tabla 5-1-1 - Área de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Palominos / Palominitos 38 Tabla 5-1-2 - Área de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Lobos 42 Tabla 5-1-3 - Área de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Icacos 46 Tabla 5-1-4 - Área de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Diablo 50 CSA Group, Inc. IV Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico LISTADO DE DIAGRAMAS Página Diagrama 5-1-1 - Distribución (%) de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Palominos / Palominitos 39 Diagrama 5-1-2 - Distribución (%) de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Lobos 43 Diagrama 5-1-3 - Distribución (%) de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Icacos 47 Diagrama 5-1-4 - Distribución (%) de comunidades bénticas y tipos de fondo para Cayo Diablo 51 CSA Group, Inc. V Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico LISTADO DE FIGURAS Página Figura 1 - Carta Náutica 17 Figura 2 - Mapa de Habitáculos Bénticos, Palominos / Palominitos 40 Figura 3 - Mapa de Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Lobos 44 Figura 4 - Mapa de Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Icacos 48 Figura 5 - Mapa de Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Diablo 52 Figura 6A - Mapa de Utilización Actual, Palominos y Palominitos 55 Figura 6B - Mapa de Utilización Actual y Habitáculos Bénticos, Palominos y Palominitos 56 Figura 7A - Mapa de Utilización Actual, Cayo Lobos 58 Figura 7B - Mapa de Utilización Actual y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Lobos 59 Figura 8A - Mapa de Utilización Actual, Cayo Icacos 61 Figura 8B - Mapa de Utilización Actual y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Icacos 62 Figura 9A - Mapa de Utilización Actual, Cayo Diablo 64 Figura 9B - Mapa de Utilización Actual y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Diablo 65 Figura 10A - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta, Palominos y Palominitos 67 Figura 10B - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta y Habitáculos Bénticos, Palominos y Palominitos 68 Figura 11A - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta, Cayo Lobos 70 CSA Group, Inc. VI Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico Figura 11B - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Lobos 71 Figura 12A - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta, Cayo Icacos 73 Figura 12B - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Icacos 74 Figura 13A - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta, Cayo Diablo 76 Figura 13B - Mapa de Utilización Propuesta y Habitáculos Bénticos, Cayo Diablo 77 CSA Group, Inc. VII Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales Reserva Natural de La Cordillera Fajardo, Puerto Rico LISTADO DE DOCUMENTACION FOTOGRAFICA – APENDICE D Página Foto 1A - Embarcación SEA GYPSI. 35 Foto 2A; 2B - Andamio flotante e instalación sistema de GPS. 35 Foto 3A - Técnica de transectos para determinar por ciento de cobertura lineal. 36 Foto 3B - Técnica de cuadrillas para determinar por ciento de cobertura lineal y densidad.
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