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Home , Lynda Carter, Patty Jenkins, Wonder Woman 1984

Did you know? According to a recent media analysis, films with female stars earnt more at the box office between 2014 and 2017 than films with male heroes.

THE INDEPENDENT MICHAEL CAVNA A LOOK BACK AT 'S FEMINIST (AND NOT-SO- FEMINIST) HISTORY Retour sur l'histoire féministe (et un peu moins féministe) de Wonder Woman

uring World War II, as Woman. Marston – whose scientific work their weakness. The obvious remedy is to and arose as mainstream led to the development of the lie-detector test create a feminine character with all the Dpop symbols of strength and morality, the – also outfitted Wonder Woman with the strength of Superman plus all the allure of publisher that became DC Comics needed an empowering golden Lasso of a good and beautiful woman.” antidote to what a Harvard psychologist Truth, whose coils command Upon being hired as an edito- called comic books’ worst crime: veracity from its captive. Ahead rial adviser at All-American/ “bloodcurdling masculinity.” Turns out that of the release of the new Won- Detective Comics, Marston sells psychologist, , had der Woman film here is a time- his Wonder Woman character a plan to combat such a crime – in the star- line of her feminist, and less- to the publisher with the agree- spangled form of a female warrior who could, than-feminist, history. ment that his tales will spot- time and again, escape the shackles of a man's light “the growth in the power world of inflated pride and prejudice. 1941: THE CREATION of women.” He teams with not 3. According to lore, Marston a woman but rather male artist 2. That creation was , who, upon didn't initially have a female Harry G. Peter to create her landing in America from her isolated Para- character in mind when mulling tiara-topped, flesh-flashing dise Island, donned the identity of Wonder a superhero less masculine than attire. Superman. But Marston later 1941 : Wonder Woman's first characterises it as a natural solu- appearance. (SIPA) 4. Wonder Woman first appears 1. to arise, arose, arisen surgir, apparaître / tion, saying: “Women's strong in All-Star Comics No. 8, wearing mainstream auprès du grand public / strength force qualities have become despised because of bracelets which, according to Wonder Wom- / publisher éditeur / bloodcurdling terrifiant, à vous glacer le sang / to turn out s'avérer / star-spangled réf. au drapeau américain (Star-Spangled Banner : la to outfit équiper / truth vérité / coil spirale, tour (ici, weakness fragilité, vulnérabilité / obvious évident / bannière étoilée) que l'on retrouve sur le costume de la pers. enserrée dans le lasso est obligée de dire la allure charme / to hire engager / adviser conseiller / Wonder Woman / warrior guerrier / time and again vérité) / release ici, sortie / timeline ici, rétrospective. agreement accord / tale histoire, récit / to spotlight encore et encore / shackles chaînes / inflated 3. according to selon, d'après / lore ici, légende / mettre en lumière / growth progression, montée / excessif, démesuré / pride fierté, orgueil. character personnage / in mind en tête, à l’esprit / to flesh chair; ici, flesh-flashing réf. au costume assez 2. to land ici, arriver (par bateau) / to don revêtir / mull réfléchir à, concevoir / to despise mépriser / dénudé de Wonder Woman / attire tenue. NIVEAU AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE Christian Barry, propriétaire d’un magasin de comics au Pays de Galles, nous parle de Stan Lee, l’homme ayant rendu les super-héros de Marvel « plus humains » CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)

A still from the upcoming film , out 30 December 2020. (Warner) SPRING 1942: JUST “ONE OF stories rise. Following the trend, Diana THE GUYS” – SORT OF Prince – who left women-only Paradise Is- 5. Wonder Woman becomes an honorary land with the crash-landing military hero member of the DC superhero team-up Justice – becomes a more domestic- Society of America, yet her official position minded figure whose thoughts are often on long remains “secretary” – a striking distinc- marriage and modelling, when not working tion compared with her fellow heroes. as a “lonely hearts” columnist. SUMMER 1942: 1960S: FULL SURRENDER SOLO STAR- 8. The sacrifice is complete: Diana decides DOM to surrender her superpowers for the sake 6. Wonder Woman of being near Steve. Two decades after proves so popular that Marston’s death, that narrative registers as she gets her own com- a far cry from the creator’s stated sentiment, ic book with Sensation when he wrote, “Wonder Woman is psycho- Comics. Her rise was logical propaganda for the new type of wom- assured, Martin Pasko an who should, I believe, rule writes in the book The World War 2 icon Rosie the world.” DC Vault, “by an epi- The Riveter, who embodied women demic of hero worship working in factories when 1972: COVER WOMAN that would seize the men were sent to the 9. Wonder Woman boosts home front as [men] front. (Creative Commons) her perception as a feminist went off to war”. As Rosie the Riveter icon by appearing on the becomes iconic, and women fill men's shoes first cover of Gloria Stei- back home, readers of all ages more readily nem’s Ms magazine, thus embrace the tough, well-muscled female tying her image to the hero. Within a few years, Wonder Woman women’s rights movement. an's prose, were “fashioned by our captors” has ten million readers and her own syndi- 35th anniversary edition as physical symbols that “we must always cated comic strip. of Ms. Magazine 1973-1975: TV celebrates its first cover keep aloof from men.” The New Yorker's Jill STARDOM on Wonder Woman. Lepore, author of The Secret History of Won- 1950S: THE RISE OF SOAPY 10. Wonder Woman (Creative Commons) der Woman, writes that her look is “the ROMANCE increases her presence and popular- suffragist as pinup.” 7. Congressional overreaction to Seduc- ity on television, by getting her tion of the Innocent, psychiatrist Fre- own Emmy-nominated network dric Wertham's questionable findings series starring the iconic Lynda about the “effects” of comic books on >>> 4. prose ici, mots / to fashion façonner / captor children leads to the Comics Code ravisseur / to keep, kept, kept aloof from tenir à l'écart Authority to soften content. As a trend tendance / crash-landing de. result of this crackdown, superhero pilote / domestic familial; ici, and horror comics ebb and romance domestic-minded tourné vers la vie de famille / modelling mannequinat / lonely solitaire; 5. to remain rester, demeurer / striking frappant ici, lonely hearts coeurs brisés / columnist / fellow camarade, compagnon. chroniqueur, journaliste. SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE 6. stardom célébrité / to prove s'avérer / own 8. surrender capitulation, abandon / for propre (à soi) / rise ici, succès / worship the sake of pour / decade décennie / to vénération, adoration, culte / to seize register (s’)inscrire / a far cry from bien Prêt-à-porter ! s’emparer de / to fill sb's shoes prendre la loin de / stated exprimé / to rule diriger. to wear (§ 4) porter place de qqn / readily facilement / to 9. cover ici, qui fait les couvertures de to don (§ 2) mettre un vêtement embrace accepter, intégrer / tough dur à magazine / to boost ici, améliorer / thus to outfit (§ 2) équiper cuire / to syndicate ici, publier ainsi / to tie lier, associer. clothes, attire (§ 3), garments simultanément dans plusieurs journaux. 10. to increase accroître, renforcer / Emmy habits 7. soapy ici, niais, à l'eau de rose / findings prix récompensant chaque année les scantily clad (§ 13) en tenue légère conclusions, constats / to soften adoucir, meilleures émissions télévisées américaines / a body suit (§ 13) une combinaison édulcorer / crackdown mesures répressives / network series série télévisée / starring avec to ebb connaître un déclin / (dans le rôle principal) / as Wonder Woman in 1973. (Creative Commons) I Cinéma I ETATS-UNIS I  C2

SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO Comment est-elle devenue Wonder Woman ? L’actrice retrace son parcours dans une interview avec W. Magazine. www.vocable.fr/vidéos-anglais

>>> Carter. Wonder Woman '77 writer asserts : “[Wonder Woman] en- compasses everything great and powerful Who is Gal Gadot? about being a woman, and Lynda took it all Born in Israel in 1985 (age 35) seriously,” Elected Miss Israel at age 18, Gal Gadot pursued a career in 1997-1999: SERIES SCUTTLED modeling while studying. 11. NBC works on developing a new live-ac- She went into acting when she was tion series in which Diana Prince will work cast for the role of Gisele Yashar in as a UCLA professor of Greek history. Despite the Fast&Furious movie franchise. national casting efforts, the series is shut Auditions to cast the new Wonder down before a frame is shot. Woman were secret: Gadot wasn't told what she was auditioning for SEPTEMBER 2016: until she was selected for the last THE RUMOURS ARE TRUE round of auditions! 12. DC writer Greg Rucka confirms the modeling (US) = modelling (GB) de long-standing belief that Wonder Wom- mannequin / to cast, cast, cast choisir an is canonically gay. Rucka tells Comi- (rôle) / round ici, étape. cosity: “By our standards where I am standing ... Themyscira [Paradise Island] Gal Gadot as Wonder Woman. (Warner) is a queer culture. I'm not hedging that. And anyone who wants to prevaricate on after many of its employees object to a 2017 : Israeli actress Gal Gadot and director promoting that is being silly.” character they say in a petition is an overt- Wonder Woman. (Warner) ly sexualised figure – “the epitome of a OCTOBER-DECEMBER 2016: pinup girl” who now embodies “a large- AMBASSADOR PRINCE breasted, white woman of impossible pro- 13. The names Wonder portions, scantily clad in a shimmery, Woman as an honorary ambassador, in- thigh-baring body suit with an American tending to move her beyond supervillain- flag motif and knee-high boots.” battling crime-fighter to help raise aware- ness of gender equality for “the 2017: THE STAR-SPANGLED empowerment of women and girls as a CARPET critical component for a peaceful and pros- 14. Wonder Woman is the first solo film for perous world.” In December, however, the a superheroine in the DC Extended Universe, United Nations drops Wonder Woman and the first release to be directed by a wom- an, Patty Jenkins. And yet, Jenkins notori- ously said : “I don't think of myself as a female filmmaker and I don't think about Wonder to assert affirmer, déclarer / to encompass englober. Woman as a female film. She's a major su- 11. to scuttle saborder / live-action ici, adaptation perhero.” avec de vrais acteurs (par opposition aux dessins animés) / UCLA = University of California at Los Angeles / to shut, shut, shut down arrêter, 30 DECEMBER 2020 stopper / frame ici, image / to shoot, shot, shot 15. Wonder Woman is back in cinemas with ici, tourner. Wonder Woman 1984, a new adventure star- 12. long-standing de longue date / belief croyance, ing actress Gal Gadot. l rumeur / standard critère, norme / queer (argot) gay / to hedge discuter, tergiverser / to prevaricate tergiverser. overtly ouvertement / epitome archétype / to 13. to intend avoir l’intention / supervillain embody incarner / large-breasted à forte poitrine / super-vilain (personnage récurrent des comics et films scantily légèrement / clad vêtu / shimmery d'action ou science-fiction), antithèse du super-héros / scintillant, brillant / thigh-baring laissant voir les to raise awareness sensibiliser (à une cause) / cuisses, très court / suit costume / flag drapeau. critical crucial, essentiel / component élément / to 14. red carpet tapis rouge / extended étendu / to drop laisser tomber / direct réaliser (film) / filmmaker cinéaste, réalisateur.