Corpoica. Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria ISSN: 0122-8706 [email protected] Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria Colombia

Etienne, Jean; Matile-Ferrero, Danièle; Kondo, Takumasa Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: ), a new soft scale record for the island of Guadeloupe Corpoica. Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria, vol. 15, núm. 1, enero-junio, 2014, pp. 115- 118 Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria Cundinamarca, Colombia

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SANIDAD VEGETAL Y PROTECCIÓN DE CULTIVOS

ARTÍCULO CORTO Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), a new soft scale record for the island of Guadeloupe

Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), nuevo registro de una escama blanda para la isla de Guadeloupe

Jean Etienne¹, Danièle Matile-Ferrero², Takumasa Kondo³

¹ Entomologist. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre Antilles-Guyane, Domaine Duclos, FR – 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe. [email protected] ² Entomologist. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Département de Systématique & Evolution, UMR 7205, MNHN-CNRS: ISYEB, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, CP 50, FR – 75231Paris Cedex 05. [email protected] ³ Entomologist. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. [email protected]

Fecha de recepción: 30/03/2014 Fecha de aceptación: 19/05/2014

ABSTRACT RESUMEN

The croton scale,Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges La escama blanda del croton Phalacrococcus howertoni & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) is Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) newly reported from the island of Guadeloupe, French se reporta por primera vez en la isla de Guadeloupe, West Indies, on several host-plants, including some Antillas Francesas, sobre varias plantas, incluyendo new host records, i.e., on Spondias cytherea Sonnerat; nuevos hospedantes, i.e., Spondias cytherea Sonnerat; (Euphorbiaceae), Ocotea membranacea (Sw.) R.A. (Euphorbiaceae), Ocotea membranacea (Sw.) R.A. Howard (Lauraceae), Miconia furfuracea (Vahl) Griseb Howard (Lauraceae), Miconia furfuracea (Vahl) Griseb (Melastomataceae), Ficus citrifolia Mill. (Moraceae) and (Melastomataceae), Ficus citrifolia Mill. (Moraceae) y Piper dilatatum Rich. (Piperaceae). Piper dilatatum Rich. (Piperaceae).

Key words: Coccid, scale , soft scale,Phalacrococcus Palabras claves: Cóccido, insecto escama, escama blanda, howertoni. Phalacrococcus howertoni.

© 2014 Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria SANIDAD VEGETAL Y p. 115-118

PROTECCIÓN DE CULTIVOS 116 enero - junio / 2014 Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), a new soft scale record for the island of Guadeloupe Hodges & Hodgson (2010)andby comparison &Hodgson Hodges with second author (D.M.F.) using the description original by (J.E.) and by the first its cuticular morphology on based (1992)andidentifiedde Willink as P. howertoni following the by method described Williams &Granara Specimens(Hemiptera: Coccidae). were slide-mounted as tentatively identifiedmorphology the species to the third author on its external (T.K.) who based author sent ofthe photographs undetermined coccid knownfrom all on Guadeloupe species Island. The first Juss. Rumph.(L.) exA. (Euphorbiaceae), differs which insecton ornamental croton,scale Codiaeum variegatum specimens ofasoft collected (J.E.) The first author METHODS AND MATERIALS provide host plants alist ofnew for this species. time on Guadeloupe Island, French West Indies, and present paper aims to report P. howertoni for the first flavus andthe Metaphycus parasitoid ) (: Coccinellidae), coccidivora(Coleoptera: (Comstock) enemies, namely Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant natural several (2010)listed &Hodgson 2010). Hodges &Hodgson, (Hodges canwhich lay about 400eggs generation each amonth; itoverwinters adult female; as overlapping generations per year, averaging about one Mannion, 2011).In , P. howertoni has multiple 1B)(Amarasekare analate male (Fig. becoming & (third instar) (fourth stage instar) andapupal before through fourgo nymphal including a pre-pupal stages, males nymphal before reaching stages the adult stage; howertoni isovoviviparous; through females three go on dorsum 2010).Phalacrococcus &Hodgson, (Hodges in to color,wide, yellow-green green with dark striations 1B)isapproximately 1A, (Fig. 4mm long and2mm (Anonymous, 2011). The adult female ofP. howertoni in Guatemala 2010) and Barbados (Williams, after 2010)and soon it & Hodgson, recorded was ornamental croton in the State ofFlorida, USA (Hodges on on specimens collected indescribed 2010based was 2010;Williams, 2010).This species Hodgson, & Mannion, 2011; Ben-Dov 72host (Amarasekare plants families on in 34botanical hitherto softscale reported species, polyphagous highly isa Coccidae) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: & Hodgson The croton Phalacrococcus scale, howertoni Hodges INTRODUCTION Phalacrococcus howertoni &Hodgson Hodges (Howard) (Hymenoptera: The Encyrtidae). et al et ., 2014; Hodges & ., 2014; Hodges plants were identified following Fournet (2002). d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France Host (MNHN). material in the isdeposited studied Muséum National from the Florida State ofArthropods. Collection The mountedslide adult females ofP. howertoni received Grande Anse, municipality of Deshaies; on MayGrande Anse, ofDeshaies; 15 in municipality host plant were found also on May of 13in the locality ofSt. Other Rose. infestationsthe locality on the same the ofBaie-Mahault; municipality andon May 13,in onPetit-Bourg; January ofDaubin in 29, in the locality ofPrise-d’Eauin the in the of locality municipality of Guadeloupe. On January 26,2013,itwas found on C.variegatum again in other several collected sites C. variegatum. Ayearlater, the was samespecies of Lamentin, on the leaves ofornamental croton, ofRavine Chaude,at the in locality the municipality discovered in Guadeloupe on November 21, 2012, croton P.polyphagous scale, The howertoni was first RESULTS DISCUSSION AND variegatum J.E., (MNHN). , 26.I.2013,coll. in alcohol Petit-Bourg, Prise (MNHN); in alcohol d’Eau, exC. Duclos, exOcotea membranacea J.E., coll. , 22.II.2013, 13.V.2013, Petit-Bourg, J.E., (MNHN); coll. in alcohol Sainte-Rose, exC.variegatum (MNHN); alcohol , exMangiferaBoissard, J.E., indica coll. (fruits), in Pointe-à-Pitre, J.E., (MNHN); coll. in alcohol Morne-à-L’Eau,(MNHN); Perrin, exC.variegatum, route Duclos,exMiconia furfuracea J.E., , coll. in alcohol Lamentin, J.E., (MNHN); coll. in alcohol 1.III.2013, exMangifera J.E., (MNHN), coll. in alcohol indica, ex Acalypha (MNHN), slides wilkesiana, 24.I.2013, ex 14872), J.E., (MNHN coll. in 26.II.2014, alcohol id., dilatatum exPiper J.E., (MNHN), 18.I.2013, coll. in alcohol ex J.E., (MNHN), coll. in alcohol 12specimens, 14829,7slides, J.E., 17.I.2013, MNHN Ravine Chaude, exC.variegatum coll. , 21.XI.2012, 13.V.2013, Lamentin, J.E., (MNHN); coll. in alcohol Grande Anse, Deshaies, exC.variegatum(MNHN); , Daubin, exCodiaeum variegatum J.E., , coll. in alcohol Baie-Mahault, J.E., (MNHN); coll. in alcohol exSpondias, 23.IV.2014, cytherea (MNHN), alcohol Calvaire, exPsidium J.E., coll. in guajava, 5.II.2013, Phalacrococcus howertoni. Material studied Citrus citrifolia J.E.,, 19.I.2013,coll. 8specimens, 4 , 18.I.2013, coll. J.E., in alcohol (MNHN), J.E., (MNHN), , 18.I.2013, coll. in alcohol Baie-Mahault,Guadeloupe: Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria Psidium guajava,

© 2014Corporación Colombiana deInvestigación Agropecuaria families. ofP.species howertoni in to34botanical 77species howertoni, increasing the number ofknown host plant host plants new plant as are for recorded P. species Guadeloupe, Guatemala and the USA (Florida). Five in the New World and isknown from Barbados, occurs Coccidae) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: & Hodgson The croton Phalacrococcus scale, howertoni Hodges CONCLUSIONS Mill.; furfuracea (Vahl) Griseb; Howard;(Sw.) R.A. Juss.; Rumph. exA. Lauraceae(L.) : *Ocotea membranacea Acalypha wilkesiana Müll.-Arg., Codiaeum variegatum Euphorbiaceae *Spondiasindica Sonnerat; cytherea L., marked: with anasterisk (*)]:Anacardiaceae host plants host records [new for P. howertoni are island, In Guadeloupe, 18months afteron the itsdiscovery numberthe of known on soft scales the island to 27 species. of Pointe-à-Pitre. The ofP.record howertoni increases and on June municipality ofBoissard, 25in the locality of Perrin,the locality of Morne-à-L’Eau, municipality adult female ofP. tuberculosa has awhite ovisac which differentiated easily can be in the field since the mature and have similar coloration. However, the species two occurs on ornamental also which croton in Guadeloupe Philephedra The adult female ofP. howertoni with may confused be dilatatum Photos: A&Bby J.Lotz; Cby T. Kondo. male (center) ofP. howertoni. C.Adult femalesandfirst-instar nymphs ofPhilephedra tuberculosa Nakahara &Gill. Figure 1.A.Adult femalesandfirst-second-instar nymphs ofPhalacrococcus howertoni Hodges &Hodgson onornamental croton. B. Adult andadult female(left) Myrtaceae: P. howertoni found has been on the following Rich.

tuberculosa Piper Psidium: *Piper Piperaceae guajava L.; Nakahara 1C) (Fig. & Gill : Miconia* Melastomataceae Moraceae: *Ficus citrifolia

Mangifera Mangifera :

of P. howertoni andmaterial in 70%alcohol. Paris, mounted slide ofseveral composed adult females for providing to MNHN the USA, a gift Gainesville, Stocks, Florida State of , Collection B of who kindly provided Figures(FDACS-DPI) 1 A and (FloridaHodges for contacting DPI) Mr. JeffLotz kindly reviewing the manuscript. Thanks to Dr. Greg Üniversity, Adana, Turkey), andanonymousfor reviewers Jaboticabal, SP, Dr. Brazil), M. Bora Kaydan (Çukurova authorsThe thank Dr. Ana Lucia Peronti(Unesp-FCAV, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS of these islands are infested already of by insect pest. this new most of the Caribbean islands and it is likely that some that in the coming years this will invadeinsect soft scale on thespecies island isincreasedto 27.It isexpected addition ofP. howertoni, the number insect ofsoftscale (Matile-Ferrerospecies &Etienne, 2006);with the island ofGuadeloupe, was hitherto represented by 26 on (Hemiptera:the Coccoidea) Coccidae family The on ornamental especially molds, crotonsooty andguava. induces the that growth offungi cause symptoms of abundantproduces insect soft scale honeydew, which resultingaffected in of dieback the many of This them. and plants, are the C.variegatum most affected , the young ofits shoots host plants. cultivated Amongst In Guadeloupe Island, P. howertoni isfound mainly on covering partially nor white wax the body. yellowishto in color, with and have dark specks no ovisac the mature adult female ofP. howertoni green ismottled, covering the dorsum (Nakahara 1985),whereas &Gill, long its body, as as is about twice with partially wax S. cytherea S. Phalacrococcus howertonialso to . Thanks Dr. Ian . Hedges ofC.variegatum. Hedges are particularly P. guajava p. 115-118

SANIDAD VEGETAL Y PROTECCIÓN DE CULTIVOS 117 Phalacrococcus howertoni Hodges & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), a new soft scale record for the island of Guadeloupe enero - junio / 2014 SANIDAD VEGETAL Y p. 115-118

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