446
INDEX
A Blacksmith – 76
Art – 1, 4,16,19,31,102 Brass – 93
Asiatic – 23 Bodhgaya – 170
Adi-28 C
Aluminium-80, 81 Chandellas – 31
Aryan – 23 Chola – 24
Arthasastra- 85 Chaityas – 33
Avalokitesvara – 33, 50 D
Adi-Buddhas – 28 Damphu-290
Arthasastra – 28, 79, 82 Digambara – 23
Aparajitaprachchha – 29 Dhyani Buddhas – 27
Asoka – 31, 32, 35 Dhauli – 36
Ajatsatru – 39 Dhanteras – 114
Aesthetic – 59, 184, 199 Dhamasala – 170
Alluminium – 76, 77 Dharmavidhi – 191
B Dhyangro-290
Bhaja- 38 Doksay-280
Buddhism – 17, 85 Dutavakyam – 192
Bindusara – 23 E
Bharhut – 25, 33, 40 Evolution – 19, 20
Bindusara - 29 Elliptical – 21
Bodhgaya – 25, 40 F
Bodhisattava – 43, 49, 50, 211 Focillon – 21 447
G Kalasa-267
Gandhara – 28, 42 Kuto – 98
Ganga – 23 Khukri – 100
Greek – 23 Kataniya – 104
Grama – 37 Khainjadi-290
H Kumbha-267
Hinyana – 23 Khenri – 173
Hinduism – 17 Karma – 173
Himalayan – 18, 19 Kamasutra – 192
Harmony – 22 Khada – 200
Hoysala – 24 Kalpalata – 210
Harini Mudra – 50 M
Harappa – 77 Mahadeva -33
Hamzanama – 193 Maitrya-33
I Manjushri-33
Iconometry – 178 Mahenjodaro-36
J Mauryan-37, 39, 43
Jainism – 17 Matsyapurana-83
Jharni – 108 Makaras-44
Jewellery – 111, 113 Mahayana – 17, 27
K Multilinear – 20
Kushana – 23, 42 Magadh – 23
Kanishka – 87 Mauryan – 24, 31, 34, 35, 38
Kunkhen Pedma Karpo – 50 Manjushri – 27
Kamsya – 84 Maitreya – 27 448 Makaras – 40 S
Monastery – 50 Sakya-30
Matsyapurana – 79 Sakunyala-264
Meteoric – 79 Sanchi-38
Mandala – 173, 175, 181, 183, 199 Sarasvati-30
Mantrayana – 190 Sesanaga - 10
Mahavasya – 192 Sculpture – 16, 17, 32, 45
Mahakala – 197 Silpa – 29
N Silparatna-34
Nataraja – 88 Stupa-32
Naal – 109 Symbols – 16, 25, 186
Nandangarh-39 Svetambara – 23
P Sanchi – 33, 34
Parthian – 23 Saiva – 17
Pataliputra – 29 Scythians – 23
Pala – 28, 29 Stupa – 25, 26, 27, 33, 45
Peringo-280 Saranath – 34
Puranas – 29 Susruta – 85
Parkham – 37 Silpasastra – 88
Padma Sambhava – 50 Sthapatis – 91
Pato – 169, 182 T
Patanjali – 192 Tirthankara- 10
R Talpa-257
Raghuvamsam – 31 Trisala-266
Rig veda – 79 Tradition – 18, 45, 102 449
Technique - 88, 179 Yamuna – 23
Tin – 92 Yaksini – 42
Tarkashi – 94, 95 Yamapatas – 192
Tamrakunda – 104 Yolmo – 200
Thangka – 169, 172, 176, 177, 199 Z
Tantric – 174 Zarnishan - 94
Tamang – 200
U
Unilinear – 20
Uma-alingana – 49
V
Vastu-34
Vatayana-35
Vaishnava – 23
Vajrapani – 27
Vimana – 34
Vastu – 29
Vengi – 41
Vajradhara – 49
Vitarka – 50
Vajrayana – 190
Vasantavitasa – 191
Vajravairava – 198
Y 450
TABLE – 1
Occupational Structure (in percent)
Cultivator Agricultural Household Others Marginal Non Workers Main Workers
Labours Industry Workers Industry
1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001
Darjeeling Hill 11.14 22.23 2.55 9.93 0.12 3.53 19.41 64.3 0.72 7.23 66.0 64.33 33.29 28.43
Area
Darjeeling District 8.34 15.5 3.98 10.2 0.21 2.80 21.18 71.5 0.51 5.6 65.78 64.6 33.71 29.80
Source: District Census Handbook, Census of India: 1991, 2001.
451
TABLE – 2
Population Composition of Darjeeling District (1901)
Different Eghnic Community Percentage Nepali 61% Lepchas 27% Bhutias 4% Tibetans 1% SC & STs 27% Other Indian and European Communities 4% Total 1000% Source : Banerjee et.al., 1980.
452
TABLE – 3
Sub-Division wise Occupational Structure (in %) 2001
Sub Divisions Total Workers Types of Total Workers Cultivators Agricultural Household Ind. Others Total Population Labourers workers Darjeeling Sadar 34.41 17.66 9.01 3.40 69.93 388107 Kalimpong 38.82 37.30 14.72 4.58 43.40 225220 Kurseong 33.72 11.74 6.07 2.61 79.58 177264 Source : Darjeeling District Statistical Handbook 2008.
453
TABLE – 4
Caste affiliation of the Artisans community
Major crafts
Artisans Craft
Terracotta
Bamboo & Bamboo &
Cane Craft craft Silver
Thangka & caste Wood Craft
Black Smithy
Scroll PaintingScroll
Totalunit no. of
Kalimpong Arts
Copper & Brass Brass & Copper affiliation Weaving Carpet Bishwarkarma - 7 - - 2 1 14 32 34 90 Bhutia 12 1 4 - 8 3 - - - 28 Chhetri 1 - 1 - 8 3 - - - 13 Chinese - - - - - 2 - - - 2 Damai - 1 ------1 Dukpa - - - - 3 2 - - - 5 Gurung 4 - - - 3 2 - - - 9 Tamang 5 - 2 ------7 Lepcha - - - - 3 - - - - 3 Mukhia - 3 2 - 8 4 - - - 17 Pradhan - 2 - - 14 6 3 - - 25 Rai 4 ------4 Sarki - - - 4 2 6 - - - 12 Sherpa - 5 - - 7 3 - - - 15 Subba - 2 2 - 8 5 - - - 17 Thami - - - - - 2 - - - 2 Thapa - 4 1 - 4 2 - - - 11 Bengalese - - - 35 10 - 16 18 6 85 Total 26 25 12 39 80 41 33 50 40 346 Number Per Crafts Source: Field Survey of Sub-Himalayan Darjeeling Region. 454
Appendix A
Sariputta Source: Collected by Researcher, from Salugara Monastery
455
Appendix B
Wooden Devalaya Source: Collected by Researcher, from Salugara Monastery
456
Appendix C
Lord Buddha Source: Collected by Researcher, from Salugara Monastery
457
Appendix D
Vajradhara Source: Collected by Researcher, from Salugara Monastery
458
Appendix E
Tattoo Source: Collected by Researcher
459
Appendix F
Eight decorative holy symbols on wooden door Source: Collected by Researcher
460
Appendix G
Sculpture of Lord Shiva Source: Collected by Researcher, from Mahakal Temple, Darjeeling
461
Appendix H
Sculpture of Shiva Linga Source: Collected by Researcher, from Mahakal Temple, Darjeeling.
462
Appendix I
Sculpture of Nandi Source: Collected by Researcher, from Mahakal Temple, Darjeeling
463
Appendix J
Golden Shiva Linga structure Source: Collected by Researcher, from Mahakal Temple, Darjeeling
464
Appendix K
Sculpture of Lord Buddha Source: Collected by Researcher, from Mahakal Temple, Darjeeling