Nikkei Images National Nikkei Museum and Heritage Centre Newsletter ISSN#1203-9017 Fall 2008, Vol. 13, No. 3 The ‘River Garage’ by Theodore T. Hirota My father the foot of Third Hayao Hirota was Avenue it spread born on January e a s t w a r d a w a y 25, 1910, in the from the Canadian small fishing vil- Fishing Company’s lage of Ladner, Gulf of Georgia located on the Cannery and burned left bank of the down the Star, Ste- Fraser River in veston, and Light- British Columbia house Canneries as just a few miles well as the London, from where the Richmond, and Star river empties into Hotels before the the Gulf of Geor- fire was stopped at gia. On the right Number One Road. bank of the lower The walls of the arm of the Fraser The Walker Emporium hardware store catered to Steveston’s fishing Hepworth Block industry in the early 1900s. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) River and right remained the only at the mouth of Block reputedly were ballast from structure left stand- the river, another fishing village, the early sailing ships and were ing on the entire south side of Steveston, was home to 14 salmon replaced by canned salmon on the Moncton Street. All that was left fishing canneries in 1900. return trip to Britain. along the waterfront after the fire At the time of my father’s When a fire broke out were row upon rows of blackened birth, a substantial hardware store at the Star Cannery’s Chinese pilings. Moncton Street, however, catering to the fishing industry mess house on May 14, 1918, at Continued on page 2 was already in existence at the Contents corner of Moncton Street and The ‘River Garage’...... 1 Second Avenue in Steveston. The Mithlkum Belis: Nisga’a’s Shining Star...... 10 1897 Steveston Fishermen’s Dantai...... 14 ‘Walker Emporium’ occupied The Hope Friendship Garden...... 16 Lots 17 and 18 on the northeast ‘Wild Birds’ Exhibit...... 17 corner of the intersection, across The Reality of Nikka Yuko...... 18 Second Book on Nikkei Fishermen...... 20 the street from the Hepworth JCNM and Nikkei Place Highlights...... 20 Block building (circa 1913), an A Family Affair...... 21 imposing brick structure housing New and Renewing Members/Announcements...... 24 the post office. The bricks used in REDRESS SPECIAL the construction of the Hepworth 20th Anniversary of Redress Settlement...... 3 Giri and Ninjo: Reflections on Redress...... 4 Watari Dori: Capturing the Redress Spirit...... 21 1 Nikkei Images is published by the National Nikkei Museum and Heritage Centre Society

Editorial Committee: Stanley Fukawa, Grace Hama, Frank Kamiya, Christine Kondo, Edzard Teubert, Mitsuo Yesaki, Carl Yokota The devastating aftermath of the 1918 Steveston fire. Subscription to Nikkei Images (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) is free with your yearly membership to NNMHCS: provided a fire break and the work from Home Oil and converted of volunteer firemen and their the corner of the hardware store Family $25 Individual $20 equipment kept the buildings on into a gas station and garage with Senior/Student $15 the north side intact including the two underground gasoline tanks, Senior Couple $20 ‘Walker Emporium’. two pumps and an air compressor. Non-profit Association $50 Following the stock mar- The loan was repaid (at the rate Corporate $100 ket crash of 1929 and the subse- of 2 cents a gallon of gasoline $1 per copy for non-members quent economic depression, the sold) within two to three years. ‘Walker Emporium’ experienced He renamed the establishment NIKKEI PLACE financial troubles and the property ‘River Garage’. A photograph of 6688 Southoaks Crescent, was taken over by the Corporation the garage shows the two pumps Burnaby, B.C., V5E 4M7 of the Township of Richmond in facing Moncton Street with “RA- Canada Brighouse for unpaid taxes (In- DIO” on the wall next to the car. tel: (604) 777-7000 fax: (604) 777-7001 formation provided by City Hall Within the garage facilities Hayao [email protected] in Brighhouse). In a decision to placed a sign in the window in- www.jcnm.ca minimize the loss of the family dicating ‘River Radio’ and sold www.nikkeiimages.com fish brokerage business, profits to Phonola and DeForest Crosley grandfather and his drinking bud- brand radios. Hayao went into dies at the Sockeye Hotel (now the partnership with Taro Shimizu, a Disclaimer: Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information Steveston Hotel) as well as pro- brother-in-law. Taro worked for contained within Nikkei Images. How- viding self-employment during 15 years repairing automobiles on ever, due to the possibility of human the quiet winter months, Hayao Gore Avenue in Vancouver before or mechanical error, Nikkei Images does not guarantee the correctness, purchased the ‘Walker Emporium’ setting up shop at River Garage. adequacy or completeness of any in September 1936 for the $999 in A reference to the opening of the information and is not responsible for taxes that were owed. garage was featured on page 1 of any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such infor- He leased the property to the MARPOLE–RICHMOND mation. Opinions expressed in this the Home Oil Distributers Ltd. for REVIEW on January 13, 1937. publication are those of the authors 10 years with a Home Oil option The purchase and conversion of and do not necessarily reflect those of the editors or of the NNM&HC. to renew for a further 10 years. the property was carried out by He arranged a loan of $1,500 Hayao at age 26 with a 19 year-

2 Continued on page 6 20th Anniversary of Japanese Canadian Redress Settlement Let’s Celebrate Together by Grace Eiko Thomson On September 22, 2008, King, of the April 14, 1988, Rally we celebrate the 20th anniversary on Parliament Hill, document an of perhaps the most important important event. These images, date in the lives of Canadians of now iconic, of the placard-carry- Japanese origin. For those of us ing Japanese Canadians, including who remember, and for all those war veterans, numbering some whose lives have been changed, five hundred, also brought pres- it is worth repeating that on this sure to the Government which NAJC President Grace Thomson date, Art Miki, then President of had through more than a four- (G.Thomson photo, 2008) the National Association of Japa- and-a-half-year process discour- nese Canadians (NAJC), signed aged NAJC attempts to negotiate the last 20 years, the signifi- the Japanese Canadian Redress individual compensation, even cance of the historic precedence Agreement with Brian Mulroney, as the enormity of economic loss produced by Japanese Canadian the Prime Minister of Canada, in incurred by Japanese Canadians Redress Settlement cannot be un- Parliament. It was an auspicious came to public attention through derestimated. On the opening day, moment that brought overwhelm- the Price Waterhouse Study (May Friday, September 19th, a plenary ing joy and relief to each Japanese 8, 1986). titled Redress: Never Too Late, Canadian who had, personally The Redress Agreement will be launched, moderated by or through parents, experienced achieved was one which con- former NAJC President, Arthur the devastating effects of racial- tained `a just and honourable K. Miki, C.M. A collaborative ses- ization, internment, and forced settlement, a `justice in our time’, sion, Mr. Albert Lo, President of dispersal. as advanced and finally negotiated Canadian Race Relations Founda- While there is no doubt by the NAJC Redress and Strategy tion, will present the introduction. the Japanese American Redress Committees. Panel participants are representa- Settlement was a significant fac- The 20th Anniversary Cel- tives of communities who more tor in the Canadian Government’s ebration Event, to be held on Sep- recently received redress from the decision to negotiate, particularly tember 19th, 20th, and 21st, 2008, Canadian Government (Chinese with a federal election forthcom- will give opportunity to Japanese Canadian Head Tax Survivors ing, the Japanese Canadian Re- Canadians to remember this past, and the Indian Residential School dress Movement was greatly in this present, and to consider Survivors.) They will share their aided by support coming from their future. Being held in the experiences of the terms of agree- grassroots Canadians, both indi- Vancouver Japanese Language ment, and impact on their com- vidual and group, from all walks School and Japanese Hall, in Van- munities, together with any other of life. No less was the support couver, and at the National Nikkei actions which may be taken to of media which had begun to Museum & Heritage Centre, in ensure that the past will not be take on the language of redress, Burnaby, Japanese Canadian Re- forgotten. Respondents are invited used in the NAJC booklet, De- dress Foundation (JCRF) funded to discuss outstanding issues. I mocracy Betrayed: The Case for sites, it will attempt to express hope you will attend this special Redress (1984), a submission to and explore through its sessions session as one of interest but also the Government of Canada, which the NAJC Constitutional mandate in support of communities. references archival materials. The of community development and In April 2008, I attended a photographs taken by photogra- human rights. Canadian Race Relations Founda- phers John Flanders and Gordon In looking back over tion Award of Excellence Sym-

Continued on page 4 3 posium in Calgary and noted the mous talent, both academic and time in 1949, of consequence to amazing work the Foundation is artistic, as existing in our commu- our emotional well-being was the doing toward better understanding nities. Through the years, many of Acknowledgement of September of racism as it is defined in the Ca- the participants of this Event were 22, 1988. The loss not only of nadian context, and was reminded assisted by the NAJC Endow- property, but of livelihood and hu- that this Foundation was estab- ment Fund Program (SEAD and man dignity, cannot be measured lished as a part of the Japanese Cultural Development) in their or repaid by any token compensa- Canadian Redress Settlement. educational, artistic, and skills tion offered by the Government. The work they are doing reminds advancement. However, acknowledgement by me that Japanese Canadians, in There are several commu- such means offers resolution, accepting the Redress Settlement, nity-based workshops, including a healing, for the victimized to also accepted the responsibility to one on Nikkei Seniors Health move forward to enjoy and to speak out, and to take action, on Care, and another with Ijusha contribute to Canadian society as minority issues. (Immigrant) issues of new envi- whole persons. Let us remember NAJC played a major role ronment. Youth have taken initia- in the process of celebrating, that in collaboration with the Japanese tive to produce several events and there are many Canadians still Canadian Redress Secretariat to workshops, addressing concerns who suffer injustice, both past implement the Redress Agree- relating to issues of identity and and present, and look to us for ment through Japanese Canadian new futures, referencing scholars, support. Redress Foundation, established artists, entrepreneurs and political I hope you will join us all in 1989. SAIKI: Regeneration. activists. They also dialogue with in celebration. For more program The Legacy of the Japanese Ca- community Redress leaders. details and registration form, nadian Redress Foundation, by The dinner to be held on please go to our website: www. filmmaker, Mieko Ouchi (PANA Saturday, September 20th, will cel- redressanniversary.najc.ca/ Canada/NAJC), will be screened ebrate all those who contributed redress or pick up a registration followed by a discussion, moder- to the achievement of the Redress form at the Vancouver Japanese ated by Dr. Henry Shimizu, C.M. Settlement, many no longer with Language School, Tonari Gumi, and Tony T. Tamayose. us. We will remember the joy that or National Nikkei Museum & From plenary to panel spread through our communities Heritage Centre. discussion, and performance to with the accomplishment of a For any inquiries contact: screening, the 20th Anniversary `true’ citizenship. While the fran- [email protected] Celebration Program reveals enor- chise was exercised for the first or 604 734-0787. ❁ Giri and Ninjo: Reflections on Redress by Terry Watada With the first anniversary bedecked with chandeliers, cana- the volunteers, the interested, the of the Redress Settlement in 1989, pés and pastries, was bustling vindicated, the supporters, the I wrote about a specific memory with a community of people. skeptics, and the opponents. The of that momentous occasion: The Issei bowed and thanked all result of redress was obvious: for “On September 22, 1988, those younger than they. The one brief shining moment, the the Sutton Place Hotel in down- Nisei slapped each other on the community had come together town Toronto was jammed with back, congratulating each other. once again.” NIKKEI VOICE, people, mostly Japanese Cana- The Sansei were jubilant; they September 1989. dians, waiting for the govern- hugged each other and laughed Now that it is twenty ment’s announcement about the heartily. They were all there: years hence, my perspective has redress settlement. The ballroom, the negotiators, the committed, changed, naturally. Redress was a

4 marvelous blow for human rights such an extent. I thought I had and a good kick-in-the-pants to done a good thing and the JC com- resurrect a Japanese Canadian munity would admire me for my community, but I see the move- courage, such is the arrogance of ment to redress as a fulfilling of youth. How wrong I was. giri and an observation of ninjo. Many Nisei, who thought Respectively these Japanese terms it simply wasn’t my place to mean “obligation” and “sympa- talk about their experiences in thy, human feelings”. public, verbally attacked me. Redress was a long, hard- Singing songs about my par- fought battle. Susan Harada, ents and others was one thing, star CBC reporter and obliquely easily dismissed as the ravings related to my father’s best friend, of a “know-nothing-musical- Terry Watada reminisces on his in- came to Toronto from Barrie, wannabe”, but to express my volvement in the redress movement 20 years ago. (Tane Akamatsu Ontario, to begin her rise to the opinions on a public broadcaster photo, 2006) heights of Canadian journal- was embarrassing to say the least. ism early in 1987. One of her The president of the Japanese to participate in their community first stories was redress, and she Canadian Cultural Centre spied information sessions, concerts, decided to interview me since I me at the auditorium entrance one and debates. I also went into had released several albums with weekend and scrambled across the schools to teach the students about original songs about the Japanese length of the room, swearing as Japanese Canadian history. Canadian experience. Armed with he ran, to confront me. He ripped One of the things I found a camera and microphone, we met into me for my appearance on the most satisfying was to produce at the Toronto Buddhist Church CBC. I was in shock – a man who plays about the JC experience. and I spoke my opinions freely was my parents’ age reprimand- Yellow Fever, a Vancouver de- on the issue. Yes, they interned ing me in public for something I tective story revolving around my family. Yes, the government had done was more than a little the internment by Rick Shiomi, perpetrated a wrong against Japa- unsettling. was a success in the mainstream nese Canadians, and they should Another prominent Nisei newspapers. A Song for a Nisei apologize and compensate accord- took me out to dinner to per- Fisherman by American Sansei ingly. No, I was born in 1951. I suade me not to say anything Philip Kan Gotanda was an even then played a song for her and the more about redress. He called it better success mainly for the camera. “blood money” and didn’t want participation of JC Nisei Robert I felt good about the inter- it. I found it ironic that he played Ito. A prewar favourite, Ito at- view. I knew it was a just cause, a stereotypical role on a national tracted JC families from all over which had occupied my thoughts comedy show and he accused me the southern Ontario region and since the first Asian Canadian of “shaming” him. In the end, Montreal. The play itself mapped conference in 1972. In fact, a he accepted the compensation as out a Japanese American family’s few of us had been talking about most if not all did. time during World War II; how- various political and cultural is- Others too booed at my ever, Canadian Nisei found they sues since I wrote my first song, concerts, though most either could relate, sparking debate in New Denver, in 1970. Such were encouraged me because I was a many families between genera- university days. Though I had Sansei doing something unusual tions and contemporaries. More made a few appearances on radio or simply kept quiet, having no importantly, the media picked up and television before, I had never clue about what I was doing or on the issue and played it for all had the opportunity to voice my saying. Fortunately, the Toronto it was worth. I again gave inter- opinions about the internment to NAJC decided to keep asking me views on the radio and newspa-

Continued on page 6 5 pers as a result. Interesting too hand. The JCCC president even twenty years, in the final analysis, that the CBC radio program Ideas extended his hand and said he redress was not so much about the produced a two-part show about admired me for standing by my money or the apology given by the the internment with me as the nar- beliefs. Again, I was in shock, Canadian government but the giri rator and consultant. especially since I had nothing to our parents and grandparents There were many other to do with the negotiations with we Sansei had to recognize and appearances and projects to get politicians or made any important act upon, and the ninjo we had the message across to the public. speeches, but I felt the warmth of to experience in order to under- All along however, I considered their gratitude nonetheless. stand our past and possibly our my participation in the Redress While my own parents future. ❁ Terry Watada has Movement as a battle for human never heard the words of apology been a monthly contributor to the rights. That changed when after or received the token compensa- NIKKEI VOICE (a monthly To- the announcement was made and tion, I realized I had fulfilled my ronto-based publication) for I went to the Toronto Buddhist obligation or responsibility to 20 years. He is also a novelist, Church bazaar at the beginning restore their honour in a small playwright, historian, and poet. of November 1988. As I walked way. By extension, I felt the bur- His latest publications include into the basement dining room, den that the Issei and some Nisei Obon: The Festival of the Dead several Issei rushed up to me to had carried on their shoulders for (Thistledown Press, 2006 – po- bow in front of me, uttering a some fifty years. I discovered etry) and Kuroshio: The Blood of thank you at the same time. Nisei the very human feelings behind Foxes (Arsenal Pulp Press, 2007 too approached me to shake my the internment for them. After – novel). The “River Garage” original Walker Em- Continued from page porium structure 2 old wife and a new- was partitioned into born son, Jackson two separate units (Yoshiaki). with living quarters Hayao, his behind each unit. A wife and son, along general store and with his parents had a pool hall now been living on a faced Steveston’s floathouse in Ladner main street. By the on the south side of time the family was the Fraser River. He evacuated the two arranged for the float- units were earning house to be moved to $10 a month each Steveston and docked in rent. Hayao was at the foot of Trites All that was left along the waterfront after the 1918 fire were rows approached by the Road next to the officeof blackened pilings. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) Ford Motor Co. to of Great West Cannery, moved to separate quarters be- place cars on garage the establishment for whom he hind the garage. Hayao’s parents property for sale on consign- fished. Hayao then partitioned lived on the floathouse until a ment but nothing materialized as the western half of the Walker few months after the second son, Canada moved towards wartime Emporium so that his family could Theodore (Teruyuki), was born. restrictions on gasoline and rubber live behind the garage during the His parents returned to Japan in products. winter months when he was not the fall of 1938. On January 16, 1942, the fishing. The Shimizu family also The eastern half of the Order-in-Council P.C. 365 autho- rized the creation of a “protected

6 Commons as an amendment to Order-in-Council P.C. 365 to replace “all or any enemy alien” in the evacuation order with the American “any or all persons”. On February 26, 1942, the Minister of Justice, Louis St. Laurent an- nounced the formal evacuation of all people of Japanese descent. All property that the evacuees could not carry with them was placed in the custody of the Officer of En- emy Alien Property. On March 4, 1942, Order-in-Council P.C. 1665 specified that “…as a protective measure only, all property situ- Volunteer firemen were able to save some buildings including the Walker Emporium. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota)

area” in any area of Canada and On February 19, 1942, required “all or any enemy aliens” President Roosevelt’s to leave the area. On February 2, signed the Executive Order 1942, the protected area was then 9066 to exclude “any and identified as “100 miles inland all persons” from the west from the west coast of British coast of the United States. Columbia”. On February 5, 1942 On February 24, 1942, all male aliens of the ages 18 to the Order-in-Council P.C. Hayao Hirota purchased the Walker 45 years were required to leave the 1486 is tabled in the House of protected area by April 1, 1942. Emporium in 1936 and renamed it the River Garage. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) ated in a protected area of British Columbia belonging to any person of the Japanese race resident in such area…shall be vested in and subject to the control and manage- ment of the Custodian as defined in the Regulations respecting Trading with the Enemy, 1939”. With the evacuation of April 1, 1942 imminent, Hayao boarded up the windows of the buildings on Lots 17 and 18 and locked up the facilities. His family was evacuated to Lethbridge, Alberta, on May 15, 1942. The Office of The Hirota family lived on a floathouse that was docked at the foot of the Custodian, Japanese Section, Trites Road. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) of the Department of the Secretary

Continued on page 8 7 After the war, the Hirotas returned to Steveston and found that what had been the River Garage was replaced by the Marine Garage. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) of State, Ottawa began to oversee Munitions and Supply. In a let- was put up for bids after it was the administration of the garage. ter dated July 3, 1943, to Home appraised by a New Westminster Letters were sent back and forth Oil Distributors, the Office of the firm on April 22, 1944. Several from this office regarding the Custodian sought relief from the offers came in, one at $1,250 on possible rental of the garage, pool lease in order to rent the property July 24, 1944, another at the ap- hall and the furniture [sic] store. to produce revenue for Hirota. praised value on July 29, 1944, On September 8, 1942, a Mr. B. He was informed that Home Oil another for $2,000 on August 21, offered to rent the garage with a had no objection to the Custodian 1944, and a fourth offer for the view to selling gas for Home Oil renting out the property provided appraised value on August 23, Distributors. The Department of that the renter was not a compet- 1944, but with a condition to first Munitions and Supplies weighed ing oil company nor that the prop- rent for three months. The prop- in with a statement that after April erty was not renovated to make it erty was sold in on September 13, 30, 1941, any closure of 30 days impossible to operate as a filling 1944, for $2,000 to Mr. B. or more meant that no dealer (gas) station in the future. The Office On March 27th, 1945, outlet may be reopened without of the Custodian sought a legal six months after the sale, Hayao permission from their office. On opinion and was informed on July who now worked for the C.P.R in October 17, 1942, the Department 24, 1943, that the Home Oil lease Chapleau, Ontario, was informed of Munitions and Supply informed was secure and Home Oil had no that “…it does not appear from the Office of the Custodian with reason to give up a lease that cost our file that you were advised in a cryptic “based on information them $10 a month. Furthermore, September last (sale date) that we now have, we cannot grant the legal opinion was that Hirota your property at Steveston was in permission at this time to reopen was obliged to pay the land tax out course of sale [sic], but you will this dealer outlet”. of the monies received. of course have known and realized A letter to the Office On January 19, 1943, the that in line with the policy adopted of Custodian on December 11, Order-in-Council P.C. 469 au- by the government, sooner or 1942, indicated that the garage thorized the Custodian of Enemy later your property would come was rented to Mr. B. at $15 per Property to liquidate Japanese Ca- up for sale as is the case with all month despite the difficulties nadian assets without the consent properties owned by Evacuees. imposed by the Department of of their owner. Hirota’s property Funds standing to your credit…

8 are available to you in the usual manner”. In a memorandum from the Office of the Custodian dated June 13, 1945, it was noted that a Mr. D. had purchased River Ga- rage (Lot # 18 only) from Mr. B. (only 9 months after the original purchase). The Township of Rich- mond Assessment records show that lot # 18 had been renamed ‘Marine Garage’.

A Real Property Summary from the Office of the Custodian on July 18, 1947, reports that the property when owned by Hirota had: Across the street, the Hepworth Block, still stands as it did before the Assessed values: fire of 1918. (Photo courtesy T. Hirota) land: $1,210 rage 29, 1947. Later the commission improvements: $5,150 and its sale came from the Access recommended the payment of total:$6,360. to Information request by Jackson $1,200 and Hayao eventually re- taxes $108.53 Hirota of all documents relating to ceived the recommended amount Hayao Hirota. Jackson received on October 13, 1950. The summary also over 200 pages, dated May 21, Following our return to included the detailed appraisal of 1985, including the Court docu- Steveston in 1952, what had been the property by the New West- ments pertaining to the Japanese ‘River Garage’ was replaced by a minster firm. Excerpts from the Property Claims Commission structure named ‘Marine Garage’ appraisal included “…the building report in Toronto, Ontario on that operated as a gas station and is very old and dilapidated and the November 29, 1948). garage with two bays facing Sec- foundations appear to be in very ond Avenue and no living quarters bad condition… In our opinion A notice on September in the back of the lot. A dry clean- it has served its time and would 26, 1947, requested submissions ing establishment replaced the be an exceeding [sic] expensive by Japanese Canadians claiming general store next to the garage. propositio [sic] to try and renovate property losses during the evacu- Today, Lots 17 and 18 same. If demolished there would ation. On November 21, 1947, are occupied by an Art Deco be considerable salvage, and we Hayao submits a claim for $1,500, structure with one bay facing are basing our evaluation on this the difference between the value Moncton Street and an East In- fact.” he attached to River Garage and dian restaurant and a flower shop. the property of $3,500 less the The gas pumps pictured here are VALUATION: $2,000 for which the property was now gone. The original wood Building: $1,500. sold. Hayao travelled to Toronto structures have all been replaced #18 corner lot: $264. and with the support of his legal and the garage section has been #17 lot: $220. counsel F.A. Brewin (Toronto set back in an attractive layout. Total: $1,984 solicitor for the Cooperative Com- Across the street the Hepworth mittee of Japanese Canadians) and Block still stands as it did before appeared before Judge J.A. Mc- the fire of 1918. ❁ Information about the ga- Gibbon at a hearing on November

9 Mithlkum Belis: Nisga’a’s Shining Star by Carl Yokota

Tamaki Ko- promised Tamaki that shibe was 27 years he would take care of old when she first met her and help her to live Frank Calder in 1974. a free and fulfilling At that time, she was life in Canada. If she taking English lan- declined becoming his guage classes in Vic- wife, he could adopt toria and to make ends her as his daughter. meet worked as a host- These kind and sincere ess at a local Victoria words Frank spoke to Japanese restaurant. her lead Tamaki to se- At their first encoun- riously consider mar- ter, Tamaki was asked rying him. by her boss to go and Upon hearing of serve sake to a gentle- their daughter’s mar- men customer. Little riage proposal, there did she know of Frank Frank Calder (left) and his new bride, Tamaki, visiting were some mixed re- Calder’s stature in the Greenville (Nass Valley), BC, at his adopted sister’s (Bertha actions from her par- First Nations commu- Stevens) home. (Calder family photo, 1975) ents in Japan. Tamaki’s nity, nor of his political mother for one was not had returned to look for Tamaki affiliations. From the outset, Frank initially pleased with the situa- at the Japanese restaurant but was was smitten by Tamaki. When he tion. Tamaki’s father, who was told that she had quit. He tried first asked what her name was, younger in age than Frank and a unsuccessfully to locate her until Tamaki, having limited English Tokyo banker, did not object to the chance meeting while being skills and never having met this his daughter’s marriage. To help served coffee. man before replied, “I can not tell Frank win his future father-in-law Soon Tamaki’s travel visa you my name!” Eventually suc- over, Tamaki requested that Frank was about to expire so she had to cumbing to his charms, she said, write and introduce himself to her return home to Japan. However “My name is Tamaki.” father and explain his honorable on returning, it quickly became After some time, Ta- intentions. In the end, Tamaki’s apparent to Tamaki that she had maki became dissatisfied with father was very accepting of their become “home-sick” for Victoria. her hostess job and she left to marriage. Even at this stage of Her parents sensing “something work at another restaurant af- their relationship, Tamaki still did was wrong,” bought Tamaki a re- ter answering an “Experienced not know what an MLA was, how turn airline ticket back to Victoria. Waitress Wanted” advertisement. influential a politician Frank was, Unbeknownst to Tamaki, Frank One day, Tamaki was surprised nor his steadfast commitment to was fully aware when she returned to see Frank at her new place of the First Nations community and to Victoria. employment. He asked for a cup his beloved Nisga’a peoples. A In February of 1975, Frank of coffee. Serving his coffee, she week after his marriage proposal, Calder proposed to Tamaki Ko- did not get a response from him Tamaki accepted. Years later at shibe. At first, she told him she rd st asking, “Do you remember my the 3 session of the 31 Parlia- “would like to think things over” name?” In reply Frank said, “No ment of the 1978 BC Legislative since Tamaki’s own father was I don’t!” It turned out that Frank Assembly (June 14, 1978) Frank younger in age than Frank. Frank

10 Calder made this simple but spe- petition in 1913 to the cial introduction at the afternoon Privy Council in England. proceedings: “I would like the So, at the age of seven, honorable members to join me Frank was sent away to an in welcoming two arrivals from Anglican Church residen- Tokyo; Mrs. Koshibe, my mother- tial school in Sardis, went in-law (this is her first visit to on to study and graduate Canada) and, of course, my wife, from Chilliwack High Tamaki.” School and the Univer- In 1915 at Nass Harbour sity of BC, the latter two Cannery, Job and Emily Clark of which Frank was the were expecting their third child. first Status Indian to have Emily’s older sister, Louisa, was done so. married to Nisga’a hereditary In 1949, Frank Chief Nagwa’un and they had Calder successfully ran The Calders with son Erick at Christmas. earlier lost a son to a tragic ac- as a CCF (pre NDP) can- (Calder family photo, 2000) cident on the Nass River in 1913. didate for the far-northern Prophetically, an old Nisga’a riding of Atlin, BC. In nal Lifetime Achievement Award. woman had dreamt that Job and doing so, Frank became the first Frank Calder is most importantly Emily Clark’s soon-to-be born aboriginal person to be elected to recognized as the firebrand that child would be a boy. Born on a Canadian Parliament. In 1972, took the matter of aboriginal title August 3, 1915, this baby boy he received an appointment to all the way to the Supreme Court was adopted by Chief Nagwa’un become the first aboriginal Min- of Canada in the landmark 1973 and his wife, Louisa (the couple’s ister of the Crown, serving as a Calder Case when aboriginal title English names being Arthur and Minister without Portfolio in the was finally recognized in law Louisa Calder). Tamaki has heard Dave Barrett Cabinet. He served and which eventually led to the claims that Chief Nagwa’un’s own his Atlin constituency over the ratification of the groundbreak- birth mother when viewed in pro- course of 26 years for the CCF, ing April 13, 2000, Nisga’a Final file had an uncanny resemblance the NDP and eventually crossing Agreement between the Nisga’a to England’s Queen Victoria. The the floor to join the Social Credit and the governments of BC and newly adopted infant boy was re- Party from 1975 to 1979. Even Canada. Frank Calder also was named, Frank Arthur Calder, who after retirement, Frank still kept first person to be given the title in time would make his mark on very busy both in an advisory “Chief of Chiefs” by his beloved the world. role with his Nisga’a peoples as Nisga’a Nation in recognition for While Frank was still an well as consulting for the Federal his tremendous contributions in infant, Chief Nagwa’un presented Government in Ottawa in the field leading the fight to conquer “the and proclaimed at a meeting of of elderly care. immovable mountain.” elders discussing early Nisga’a Over time, Frank Calder On Wednesday, February lands claim actions that his new was awarded numerous honors 26, 1975, at the 5th session of the baby son would one day grow up and distinctions such as founder 30th Legislative Assembly of the to help their peoples conquer the of the Nisga’a Tribal Council and Province of British Columbia, the “immovable mountain.” To the serving as its President for 20 Honorable Leo Nimsick (Minister Nisga’a, the “immovable moun- years, an Officer of the Order of of Mines and Petroleum Resourc- tain” was seen as the onerous Canada, a Member of the Order es) stood up in front of the House and almost insurmountable land of British Columbia, President and made this announcement: claims obstacle which had long Emeritus, Nisga’a Nation, and a “Mr. Speaker and Members of the dogged them, which included a recipient of the National Aborigi- Legislature, I’ve got a very pleas-

Continued on page 12 11 the eagle, the raven, Tamaki recalled going and the wolf. She was shopping one day for an electric claimed by the Wolf music organ with an Eaton’s credit Clan. Since Frank was card that Frank had given her to from the Killer Whale use. When she went up to the ca- Clan, Tamaki, as his shier to pay for her purchase she wife, could not belong found out that the credit card was to the same clan as no good. The cashier told Tamaki him. In being received that the spending limit on the cred- into the Wolf Clan, Ta- it card limit had been exceeded maki was bestowed the and past purchases had not been lifetime Nisga’a name paid up. Tamaki knew right then of Mithlkum Belis or that she had to do something to “Shining Star”. get their financial matters in hand. Frank and Tamaki Returning home, she confronted travelled extensively Frank about her embarrassing The collection of Tamaki’s special silk roses. (Carl Yokota photo, 2008) throughout BC and the moment at Eaton’s and from that Yukon, including many point on Tamaki took over the ant duty to perform today and a pilgrimages to Frank’s household finances. To further very pleasant and surprising in- ancestral homelands in the Nass rein in Frank’s spending habits, troduction to make to the House… River Valley situated in the far in what now seems as a humor- A short time ago, a visitor from northwestern boundaries of BC, as ous oversight, Tamaki made bag Japan was here and the other day well as trips across Canada. When lunches for Frank to take with him I was introduced to the surprise. I visiting outlying First Nations to work in Victoria. She disliked was asked to be a witness, along settlements, it was not unusual for his wasting money going out for with Mary Christiansen (Frank both of them to sleep in tents and lunch every day. Unbeknownst Calder’s secretary) and my wife, portable rooming trailers. Those to Tamaki, most MLAs normally at a very enjoyable ceremony. sleeping arrangements were new had their lunches at the Legisla- I would like to introduce Mrs. to Tamaki, far removed from what tive cafeteria. It turned out Frank Frank Calder to you today…and she was accustomed to. Calder became the first MLA that you wish them the very best Astute as he was as a to “bag” his lunches. Perhaps it for the future. Mrs. Frank Calder’s politician, Tamaki intimated that was due to Tamaki’s good fiscal name is Tammy. I hope that we she soon learned that Frank was retraining of Frank Calder, but on make her a pleasant welcome to not very keen when it came to special occasions he would bring British Columbia.” Thus began his finances. Tamaki soon found home roses for her. The problem Tamaki’s new journey as the wife out that Frank did not even have was they were not the freshly cut and companion of one of the most a bank account. When she ques- ones that Tamaki preferred, but eloquent and influential citizens of tioned about this situation, he silk roses. She still has all the British Columbia and perhaps in told her that “I don’t need one. many different-sized pink, red and Canadian history. If I really need the money, it will yellow silk roses Frank presented Shortly after their mar- find its way to me- no problem!” her over the years. riage, Tamaki and Frank attended Tamaki at first thought this was a As a wife of a politician, a potlatch in Prince Rupert. It very strange answer but it seemed Tamaki has had the opportunity was at this special gathering that Frank was right to a certain extent to meet and experience all kinds Tamaki was ceremonially ad- and Tamaki would soon experi- of people. An introduction with opted into one of the four existing ence a certain little problem about Queen Elizabeth II was a rare Nisga’a clans: the killer whale, this arrangement. and memorable occasion. For this

12 event, they were invited to Ottawa to meet with Queen Elizabeth II. Tamaki was amazed that when they were received by the Queen at the formal function, the Queen was able to clearly recall having met Frank on a previous occasion given the thousands of people she has greeted over the years. But on a different level, it gave Tamaki a whole new appreciation for and understanding about the not-so- glamorous lives politicians lead and all its day-to-day trappings. Wives of politicians lead a fairly quiet life, raising families or pursuing their own careers. It was at election time that Tamaki claims she felt the most anxious: Erick and Tamaki celebrating with Frank on his 91st birthday. anxious for her husband Frank to (Calder family photo, 2006) do well and then having to wait for the final results to be tabulated. missed an opportunity to vote for kind. In the fall of 2008, Erick will But most importantly, Tamaki any election, municipal, provin- be attending the University of To- has come to fully appreciate the cial or federal, since becoming a ronto to study Archaeology. Un- meaning of the vote. In 1979, Canadian citizen. doubtedly much promise holds for Social Credit incumbent Frank Tamaki and Frank have a Erick, an incredibly talented and Calder lost by one vote to NDP son, Erick Arthur Mamoru, who intelligent individual, in whatever rival Al Passarell. It is theorized in in 2006 graduated from Queen’s goals he sets out to accomplish in published articles that Frank had University in Kingston, Ontario, his still young life. lost because he and Tamaki had with an honours degree in Clas- In his later years, Frank not bothered to return and vote in sics. According to Tamaki, the and Tamaki lived apart in separate their own constituency. Tamaki one thing that Frank regretted the homes. Tamaki remained in their vehemently rejects this because in most was not being able to spend quiet, Oak Bay house while he 1979 she was not yet a Canadian as much time as he would have resided at another home a short citizen so was not eligible to vote liked with his son, having mar- distance away. It was an arrange- in the Provincial Elections. If she ried so late in his life. Frank was ment that both of them came to were eligible to have voted, it extremely proud of Erick. A kind accept and respect one another could have possibly resulted in and doting father, Frank knew for. To the end, Tamaki contin- a tie vote which in itself could instinctively that his son was ued to love and care for Frank. have spelled a completely differ- born with special characteristics. Frank would eventually move to ent outcome. Perhaps the tides of Tamaki describes Erick as having an assisted seniors living facility. political change had caught up “indigo or crystal-like” qualities. With advanced age and complica- with Frank Calder but Tamaki It is said that indigo individuals tions from cancer, Tamaki faith- learned from that point on that it are born with a warrior-like spirit, fully looked after him almost in is very important to exercise one’s determined and highly intuitive. a daughter-father relationship. right to vote and that every vote Crystal individuals are found to be After all, it was Frank who once does truly count. Tamaki has not spiritually connected, caring and told Tamaki before they married

Continued on page 14 13 that if she couldn’t be his wife, earlier. Exchange Festival held at the then why not be open to being Tamaki keeps very active Victoria Convention Centre in adopted as a daughter. So, now playing bridge, the occasional golf November of that year. Tamaki it became Tamaki’s turn to look game, and lawn bowling. She also is also a member of the Victoria after the man who had opened her enjoys classical/baroque music, Nikkei Cultural Society. eyes to a whole new world, differ- ballet and dance, and likes to sing, Recently, Tamaki has ent from her own upbringing in especially songs featuring Tony been approached by an author Japan. While sick in the hospital, Bennett, Frank Sinatra and Andy for a proposed book about her ex- Frank was more concerned about Williams. In addition, Tamaki traordinary personal experiences, Tamaki’s long drives in reaching practices Japanese “The Way of coupled with the legendary life the hospital than with his own Tea” chado with the Urasenke of Frank Calder. Tamaki Calder, personal battles. On November Nagomi Tea Circle and instruc- Mithlkum Belis or Nisga’a “Shin- 4, 2006, Frank Calder passed tor, Mrs. Kazuko Mito. In 1999, ing Star,” has indeed lived and away at the age of 91 and was as president of the Vancouver continues to live what some would later laid to rest in Victoria’s Ross Island Japanese Friendship So- consider a most incredible and Bay Cemetery, in a family plot he ciety, Tamaki and her colleagues interestingly free life. ❁ had bought for himself, Tamaki helped organize the NHK Culture and Erick in 1989, some 17 years Centre’s 1st Japanese Culture 1897 Constitution of the Steveston Fishermen’s Dantai Translated with comments by Stan Fukawa

Source: “Sutebusuton Gyosha Their constitution was tion of a visiting naval captain in Jizen Dantai 35-nen Shi” reprinted in the History of the 1917, the characters were changed (35 Year History of the Steveston Dantai, a book which marked the to “must” + “know” + “the way of Fishermen’s Benevolent Associa- 35th anniversary of the Steveston the warrior” or “chivalry.” tion) Edited by Teiji Kobayashi, Fishermen’s Benevolent Associa- The reader may be sur- published November 1, 1935, in tion. The Japanese name for the prised to see that the brief con- Tokyo. 1935 Dantai was Sutebusuton stitution of the 1897 association Gyosha Jizen Dantai with several says very little about fishing. In 1897, the Steveston changes–including the use of a As a community of single men Japanese fishermen’s organiza- more formal word for “fisher- working in a foreign land, fac- tion was called Fureza Gawa men” (gyosha rather than the more ing the dangers of the sea and of Ryoshi Dantai (the Fraser River common ryoshi), and adding the infectious diseases, it is interest- Fishermen’s Association). Mitsuo term “benevolent.” Both changes ing to note that four of the eleven Yesaki’s Sutebusuton shows that made in 1900 were undoubtedly articles deal with hospital care, a the numbers of Japanese fisher- intended to add dignity to the kind of socialized medicine and men were already larger than organization’s name. after-death services. Dysentery, either the whites or the natives Another change was that typhoid and yellow fever were and were up over 900. of the characters used to write very real scourges and the records On November 20, 1897, Steveston in Japanese. Earlier ver- of the Dantai Hospital show that the Japanese fishermen in Ste- sions used the characters mean- as many as 45 people died in the veston met to form the Dantai ing “to discard”+ “face down” worst year. This was before water and elected Tomekichi Homma + “suddenly.” These characters was piped into Lulu Island from as President pro tem and Iwakichi may have represented the sounds the mainland and most Steveston Shimamura and Kikusuke Taka- but they did not carry any noble residents had to drink the polluted hashi as Directors. meanings. Following the sugges- water of the Fraser. (Tairiku Nippo

14 Sha – Kanada Doho Hatten Shi.) By the time the first Dantai was Article 5: Article 10: formally organized, the Steveston The head of each household shall Every year in the first week in July Japanese Fishermen’s Hospital take this amount to the Dantai the Dantai shall: had been operating for three fish- and pay it before the fishing sea- Paragraph 1: hold an election for ing seasons, in a building which son accounts are settled. (These its officers. was a hospital during the fishing “heads” probably included the Paragraph 2: hold a meeting of its season and reverting back to being house-bosses or “hausu boshin” members to revise or rewrite the a Christian church the rest of the who looked after their boarders constitution. year. needs for shelter, meals, laundry, Interestingly, infectious etc.) Article 11: disease of this sort did not plague Dantai members shall cast votes the Chinese very much because Article 6: and elect one President and two they had acquired the custom of With the reserve funds in Article Directors, who shall put the office boiling their water before drink- 4 above, when Dantai members in order. Their term of office shall ing it, whereas the Japanese were succumb to any diseases here, be one year. accustomed to plentiful, potable they will be treated at no cost, and, water from their wells and much should they die, then they will be Plans are to include trans- shorter and therefore cleaner buried and a grave marker will be lations of the subsequent constitu- streams in the country of their erected. tions of the Steveston “Dantai,” as birth. well as those of the Skeena River Article 7: (Japanese) Fishermen’s Associa- The 1897 Constitution: Fraser The treatment of diseases brought tion and of the Ucluelet (Japanese) River Fishermen’s Assn. in by patients from elsewhere, Fisheries Co-op in later issues of shall be treated at the patient’s NIKKEI IMAGES. They were Article 1: expense. The treatment of non- translated in preparation for the Our aim is to advance the interests members shall also be at the soon-to-be published Spirit of the of the fishermen in all things. patient’s expense. Nikkei Fleet, by Masako Fukawa, with Stan Fukawa, from Harbour Article 2: Article 8: Publishing, Madeira Park, BC. Using the solidarity of all fisher- With regard to Dantai members This book is the second of two on men as our method, we must avoid who unexpectedly encounter fire Nikkei fishermen and is a history the scorn of outsiders and earn the or calamity, when there is some rather than a directory of biogra- trust inside, of Dantai members. connection to the Dantai, then phies and photos. some assistance plan must be That first volume of biog- Article 3: considered. However, if such a raphies, titled Nikkei Fishermen A majority of Dantai members connection does not exist, then on the BC Coast, also published may revise or rewrite the Con- the Dantai shall not bear respon- by Harbour, was awarded an stitution. sibility. Honourable Mention in the BC Historical Federation honours for Article 4: Article 9: 2007. ❁ In order to carry out the previous During the fishing season, the See also "Harbour Pub- 3 Articles, a reserve fund shall Dantai must provide a hospital, lishing Announces Second Book be levied annually, equivalent to for which the executive shall on Nikkei Fishermen” on page a dollar for each member of the engage doctors and hire nurses 20. Dantai. and others

15 The Hope Friendship Garden: A Memorial by Stan Fukawa Visitors may not need a energy utili- guide map of Hope, BC, to find ties business- the Hope Friendship garden as it is es was key to in Memorial Park at the corner of obtaining the Wallace St. and 3rd Ave. Its name support of his is Shinzen Koen or Friendship employers and Garden. Although surrounded by related local a wooden fence, it is open at all businesses, times. It was built to remember almost all non- the internees at Tashme, some 23 Nikkei. It was kilometres up the Hope-Princeton important that Highway and to celebrate their these firms and the Hope Nikkei community’s could help Japanese heritage. by moving It is a small traditional the rocks and Japanese garden, a tasteful ar- e x c a v a t i n g The Hope Friendship Garden was built to remember the internees at nearby Tashme and to celebrate Hope’s rangement of trees, shrubs, rocks, the grounds. Nikkei heritage. (S. Fukawa photo, 2007) stone lanterns and a gazebo – as Notable among can be seen in the photos. It was his commit- landscape architect, who spent completed in 1991 with much tee were Frank Araki and Jack two months in the motel across effort by a committee of Nikkei Kawakami who went door to from the Garden, supervising the volunteers who combined funds door to canvas support from the activities. Members of the Van- from the Japanese Canadian Re- Japanese community and served couver Japanese Gardeners Asso- dress Foundation, the government as President and Treasurer for the ciation took turns of a few days at of BC, and the Hope Japanese committee. Frank and Jack are a time. They were reimbursed but community; mobilized the Town both remembered as award-win- Hiro recalls the project required a of Hope and the various local ning supporters of local recreation great deal of volunteer time since companies to donate materials and services. Hope is about two hours’ drive for labour; and obtained the involve- The garden was designed the gardeners. They all share pride ment of the Vancouver Japanese by Hiro Okusa, a well-known BC in having contributed to a cultural Gardeners Association. icon at the other end of the The largest donor Lower Mainland. In March was the BC Government of every year, a group of GO Fund at $43,000, close- VJGA gardeners volunteer to ly followed by the Redress go out to trim the shrubs and Foundation’s $40,000. clean up the garden. A group Ninety-five percent of the of local Nikkei volunteers Japanese residents of Hope turns up to help them and to donated money and many of host them for lunch. them also volunteered their Of the garden committee labour. which consisted of Buddy, The prime mover be- Frank, Jack, Tosh Mukaida hind the effort was Buddy and two who spent time in Left to right: Buddy Umemura, Min Mukaida, Umemura, whose position unknown, and Frank Araki in 1991. (Hiro Okusa Tashme – John Nihei and as manager for one of the photo, 1991) Myea Inouye – only Jack sur-

16 comes by every morning around 10am. Hiro says that being accessible 24/7 has its downsides – a few years ago, the gazebo was set on fire. Although the fire was put out and even after the gazebo was painted black, you can still see traces of the arson if you look carefully. Like many public icons, the garden is the result of the effort, cooperation and dedication of many people whose contribu- The Hope Friendship Garden under construction. It was completed in tions are too easily taken for 1991. (Hiro Okusa photo, 1991) granted. ❁ vives. Their contribution lives on, memorative photo taken there, Many thanks to Julie much appreciated by the students a fact which delights Buddy’s Umemura and Hiro Okusa for at Hope Secondary School. Every widow, Julie. She notes that it is a providing their stories of the year, their grad class has a com- stop for the local tourist bus which project. “Wild Birds”exhibit

October 2 – December 24, 2008 and Ducks Unlimited Canada) his family had evacuated to JCNM, Burnaby, BC. will enhance the exhibition. during WWII. His adventures in Reception October 9, 7pm Tad Yesaki began, as a photography have taken him youngster in the mid-1940s, carv- from the Canadian Arctic to An exhibition at the ing decoys for duck hunting in the Serengeti in Africa to Asia, Japanese Canadian National Picture Butte, Alberta, where his yet some of his favourite loca- Museum celebrates wild birds family relocated during the intern- tions are right here in beautiful through the works of two Nik- ment years. As his appreciation British Columbia. Hamaguchi’s kei artists—photographer Roy for the beauty of birds emerged, photographs have been featured Hamaguchi and woodcarver Tad Yesaki’s craft of carving decoys across Canada, including at the Yesaki. A full-colour book about evolved to the art of carving 1986 International Ornithological the artists and their art, writ- decorative birds. He has exhibited Conference in Ottawa and in a ten by Donna Yoshitake Wuest, his carvings in shows and com- permanent exhibition of his featuring photographs by petitions throughout BC’s Lower bald eagle photographs at the Hamaguchi and the graphic Mainland and across Canada Brackendale Art Gallery. His design by Lotus Miyashita, will and the United States. He’s won photographs have appeared in accompany the exhibition. numerous prizes, including two publications such as MARSH Special events, includ- firsts at the Canadian National NOTES, CANADIAN GEO- ing an opening reception, art- Wildfowl Carving Championship G R A P H I C , E Q U I N O X , ists’ workshops, book launch, as in Kitchener, Ontario in 2008. NATURE CANADA, TIME- well as speakers and displays by Roy Hamaguchi ’s LIFE, AND BEAUTIFUL supporting community partner interest in photography began BRITISH COLUMBIA, and on a organizations (BC Waterfowl in the mid-1940s, as well, at Canada Post stamp. ❁ Society, Wild Birds Trust of BC, Minto Mine, near Lillooet, where

17 The Reality of Nikka Yuko by Robert Hironaka Nikka Yuko is for aesthetic tecture in the latter 19th century. austere elements into Japanese pleasure, but there is more...there The beauty of sukiya architecture garden design that fit the way of is seijaku – serenity, shizen – the consists chiefly in its natural wood tea. The dry-garden is viewed by essence of nature, sabi – beauty of that gives an elegant and refined opening the shoji. The veranda age, and kanso – simplicity. The feeling. The basic structure of post is a transitional space from the beauty of Nikka Yuko comes from and lintel system with non-bearing pavilion to outside that integrates design and maintenance that has walls exposes the supporting posts the pavilion with the outdoors. harmony and balance. The garden that add an aesthetic beauty. The components have a beauty of their roof, which is a prominent feature Learning about Nikka Yuko own, but the total beauty is greater of the pavilion rests on the post In Japan, the traditional way to than the sum of learn about Japa- the parts. The nese gardens is beauty extends generally a pas- beyond the con- sive learning fines of the gar- process of expe- den; a technique riencing it alone. called ‘shakkei’ The garden is or bringing in viewed quietly borrowed views and sensed with- of Henderson out any instruc- Lake, the sky tion of how to and forest out- view it. Gardens side the garden. are viewed for The mood of the aesthetic beauty, garden changes then gradually with time of Established during Canada’s Centennial in 1967, Nikka Yuko was built to there is an appre- day, lighting, recognize the contributions made by Japanese Canadians to Lethbridge. ciation of the real- (Photo courtesy R. Hironaka) sky and season. ity of the beauty of Nikka Yuko comes from a and lintel system, is an important nature that the architects and gar- coined word ‘Nikka’, ‘Ni’ from factor in Japanese architecture deners have created. By contrast, Nihon meaning Japan in Japa- and in its expression. The deep North Americans generally want nese and ‘kka’ from Kanada or overhang of the eaves diffuses the an active learning process to be Canada. ‘Yuko’ means friendship. light inside giving a mellowness told regarding what they are see- The name means Japan-Canada that varies with the season and ing. They look for that perfect pic- Friendship. But it is more. The time of day (Nishi and Hozumi, ture of the outward beauty of the design and maintenance principles 1983. p10). The wall and door garden. They look for the ‘what are a cultural gift from Japan to are very elastic, serving as door is’ of the garden. At Nikka Yuko Canada that enhances Canadian and window as well as wall. Walls they are told what they are seeing culture. may be opened by sliding the that leads to the ‘reality’, a state The architecture of Nikka screen doors or removed to open of calmness. This philosophical Yuko is the sukiya style or abode the tea ceremony room so that it dimension is rich in meaning for of refinement (Nishi and Hozumi, is enlarged to the pavilion’s main the aesthetic pleasure derived 1983. p80), the apex of build- room to accommodate guests. from the colour, the symmetry, ing designs in Japan before the The ‘way of tea’ (often referred stone, artefacts and the display of introduction of European archi- to as ‘tea ceremony’) introduced plants. There is a spirituality, as

18 well as sophisticated and subtle representation of nature. In sens- ing the beauty of rustic simplicity of nature, the quietness, sense of peace within, there is more than just being an observer. One is balanced and in harmony with na- ture. The garden interprets nature using time-honoured principles in Japanese garden design and maintenance. This is the ‘reality’ of the garden. The beauty of nature inspired Nikka Yuko. This inspiration is transferred to visitors who con- template and meditate on the The beauty of nature inspired the design of Nikka Yuko, seen here in the basic principles of its design and Fall. (Photo courtesy R. Hironaka) maintenance. There is an aware- ness of wabi – the beauty of rustic are at peace within ourselves. design and maintenance that simplicity, harmony and balance Nikka Yuko expresses the tranquil are aesthetically pleasing in the of the components where the total atmosphere inherent in Japanese Canadian environment and beauty is greater than the sum gardens by the harmony between cultural values. of the component parts. Nature natural and man-made beauty of “Society keeps changing, and is expressed in an aesthetically its components (Keane, 1996. people get distracted by modern pleasing way but is not imitated p10). life, but nature never changes” or conquered. Nikka Yuko brings Gardens change to reflect the (Anonymous, 2000). out the beauty of the rhythms and changing tastes of the users. This Nikka Yuko Japanese Garden forms of nature. There is a fluidity has special significance in Canada is located next to Henderson Lake of design and concern for natural and other places where Japanese in Lethbridge, Alberta. integration (Nishi and Hozumi, gardens have been introduced to For more information, visit ❁ 1983 p11). The holistic approach a foreign culture. Nikka Yuko’s www.nikkayuko.com. among the elements of the garden, architect, Dr Kubo, was recog- the pavilion, gates, trees, shrubs, nized as a leader in stating that a References. stone and water utilizes space Japanese garden must reflect the Anonymous. 2000. Evolving Gar- and its surrounding environment, ideals of the culture that nurtures dens for a Modern Era? Journal catering to the inborn aesthetic it. In his initial visit to Lethbridge, of Japanese Gardening. May/June pleasure of different peoples of Dr Kubo asked the committee,” p16). different lands and cultural val- How would the garden be used?” Keane, Marc P. 1996. Japanese ues. There is cultural exchange, The committee looked to him for Garden Design. Charles E. Tuttle. spiritual transfer, peace, goodwill answers, he was the authority on Rutland, VT and Tokyo, Japan. and quality of life. It inspires new Japanese gardens. They looked to Nishi, Kazuo, and Kazuo Hozumi, ways of seeing our relationship him to tell them what should be Translated by H. Mack Horton. embedded in the natural world. built and how it should be used. 1983. What is Japanese Archi- One is at ease with the rhythms He spoke of a ‘Canadian garden tecture? A survey of traditional and changing beauties of nature. in the Japanese style’, a garden in Japanese architecture. Kodansha It is more than just a quiet place; Canada that used time-honoured International. Tokyo, New York, we are at peace with nature, we principles in Japanese garden London.

19 Harbour Publishing Announces Second Book on Nikkei Fishermen

Many NIKKEI IMAGES Fishing has been part of sale, followed by the rounding up readers are by now familiar with the Nikkei presence in Canada and forced removal of their own- the well-received first volume en- from the very beginning – since ers’ families. The story includes titled: Nikkei Fishermen on the Manzo Nagano stepped off the brighter times as in the return to BC Coast – their biographies British freighter in New Westmin- the Coast from internment, and and photographs (Harbour Pub- ster in 1877 and, soon after, went the golden age of fishing when lishing, 2007). It was awarded an fishing with an Italian partner. salmon were plentiful, the union- Honourable Mention by the BC That Nikkei presence was there ized cannery-working wives of Historical Federation among their in the Supreme Court in 2008, fishermen made good wages, and Best Books about BC History last arguing against what they felt was the herring roe boom made many year. It has been selling well. the implementation of yet another fishermen rich overnight. The editor of that volume, policy which unfairly denied them A feature of this history Masako Fukawa, is the principal the right to fish. is the use of Japanese-language author and she has written, with The book chronicles a sources which add further details Stan Fukawa, a follow-up his- turbulent history, featuring the not otherwise available in Eng- tory volume to tell the story of exploits of heroes and villains as lish-language materials alone BC Japanese fishermen and their in any epic struggle. How else to – such as in the relationship be- struggles, not just as individuals, describe a story which features tween Rintaro Hayashi, a promi- but also as a community. Entitled numerous court cases fought by nent first-generation leader in the Spirit of the Nikkei Fleet: BC’s fishermen all the way to the Privy fishermen’s movement, and Buck Japanese Canadian Fisher- Council in London on equality Suzuki, the most important of the men, it tells how Nikkei fisher- issues, fishermen overcoming the second-generation leaders. men organized and fought back opposition of BC politicians to Book launches will be against injustices which, thank- enlist in Canada’s armed forces held in Steveston and at the fully, would be unimaginable in in both wars, the rounding up of Nikkei Centre before Christmas today’s Canada. It is expected to a thousand fishing boats and their 2008. ❁ be available in the late Fall. subsequent looting and forced JCNM and Nikkei Place Highlights Re-Shaping Memory, Owning Speaker Series:Two Cranes, Two A s a h i : Canadian Base - History: Through the Lens of Continents.By Roy Hamaguchi ball Legends now online at Japanese Canadian Redress on Thursday, November 6, 7pm http://virtualmuseum.ca/ until September 21, 2008, at the at Nikkei Place Exhibitions/Asahi JCNM in Burnaby, BC. Roy will give a digital pre- This online exhibit tells This exhibit presents the sentation on two species of cranes, the story of the Asahi baseball history of Japanese Canadians to the Sandhill Crane of North team whose home ground was commemorate the 20th anniver- America and the Red-crowned Oppenheimer Park in Vancouver sary of redress. Layers of voices, Crane of Asia. As a species, they from 1914 to 1941. The online drawn from government docu- are the oldest living birds in the exhibit includes many images, ments, newspapers, books, poetry, world. Come and witness their in- sound bites and film. diaries, letters and oral histories timate behaviors as they struggle together with poignant photo- to raise a family and glimpse at See also page 17 for more graphs speak to losses and issues some of their human-like antics. information on JCNM’s Wild of community, identity and human Birds exhibit. rights. 20 Watari Dori- Capturing the Redress Spirit by Carl Yokota

As a means of raising much needed funds to assist in the Japanese Canadian Redress move- ment, a unique idea was launched to sell a limited edition artwork. After careful deliberation, sansei artist Linda Ohama’s Watari Dori (Bird of Passage) was selected to help in this momentous cause. In describing her work, Linda said, “Watari Dori is one silkscreen print from a large se- ries on my Japanese Canadian heritage…This particular print is the finale of a series and brings together all past and present generations towards our future. The subtle tones of my colors quietly reflect the softened voice The Watari-Dori silkscreen print created over 20 years ago to help fund of Japanese Canadians. We often and embody the spirit of Redress. (C. Yokota photo, 2008) feel very deeply but rarely shout out in a loud voice.” Japanese crane gently taking flight porters across Canada and helped The 1985 limited edition over faint wartime images, was to embody the spirit of the Redress print of 2500 copies depicting a favorably received and purchased campaign more than twenty years by the many keen Redress sup- ago. ❁ A Family Affair by Maiko Bae Yamamoto people and maybe eating a bowl or this single pivotal moment. Just The dead never die utterly. two of noodles, which he bought like trains that leave their energy They sleep in the darkest cells of from a local stand. Maybe he read imprinted on the stations they tired hearts and busy brains, to be the newspaper while he waited. pass through, these different pos- startled at rarest moments only by When my mother first told sibilities are the ghosts of our the echo of some voice that recalls me this story, there was a real own lives. their past. —Lafcadio Hearn weight to it. She said that if my And so Train, the play I Over 40 years ago on a father had indeed met Eiko on wrote and perform with my fa- crisp spring day, my father waited that fateful day, she may never ther, Minoru Yamamoto, is really in a train station for a woman who have married him and therefore, a ghost story. What began as a never arrived. He was a young lad I wouldn’t exist. As young as I collection of my families stories, of 21, on a visit to his mother’s was then, I understood implicitly through many workshops and dra- hometown near Kobe. The young what this meant. It sparked my maturgical sessions evolved into woman’s name was Eiko. For imagination: the many possibili- what it is today. A not-so-wholly around six hours, he sat on a bench ties that could have erupted from biographical account of how my in Sannomiya station, watching parents got together. You see, my

Continued on page 22 21 She’s very, ago very late. At Maiko sits beside Dad. They float that same on a silver suitcase that’s posing station, a as a raft. woman is WOMAN: A fisherman named— She doesn’t say his name. Dad walking up begins to play the shakuhachi. and down Tanabata theme, nostalgic and the plat- melancholy. form, dan- He finds this dress this beautiful g e r o u s l y dress. c l o s e t o Way up high on a tree branch. the edge. He picks it up, lets it fall through his S o m e - fingers. thing’s not It’s made of the softest silk you can right. She imagine. Maiko Bae Yamamoto and Minoru Kofu Yamamoto in can only re- It smells like lilacs and pine trees. the production of Train. (Jeff Harrison photo, 2008) And a little bit like the ocean. member one He wants to take the dress home mother is Japanese born Korean, thing. It’s a love story, but the and my father Japanese, so as with him. ending’s not very good. All this So he puts it in his basket. you can guess, theirs is a kind of is closely observed by the girl As he turns to walk away, Romeo & Juliet love story. I think who works at the noodle stand. He hears this tiny voice call out. the heart of my curiosity around Train is the story of these three Dad crosses back upstage and con- it lies in the stuff that I imagine people — or should I say ghosts tinues to play Tanabata theme on to have happened around certain — brought together by a mysteri- the shakuhachi. events — the gaps I have filled ous connection in a place where A woman, a celestial maiden in to complete the story from the lives and possibilities intersect. Has come to earth to bathe in the individual pieces members of my What follows here is an river. She asks him if he’s seen her dress. family have told me. Over the excerpt of the play, which pre- She seems to have lost it and years, this account has become miered at Alberta Theatre Projects a fiction. It rides the blurry line She can’t go home without it. Enbridge playRites Festival last I mean, what would her parents between truth and imagination February in Calgary. Train comes think. — the narrative has been pushed home to BC for presentations in So the fisherman turns to see the and pulled in order to build con- Burnaby at the Shadbolt Centre celestial maiden. flict and provide dramatic effect. for the Arts in October and at the It was a love at first sight kind of It is, after all, a play. Gateway Theatre in Richmond situation. And it tells its story rather next May. To provide a little He didn’t know what had hit him. unconventionally. It uses move- context for the excerpt, the three He desperately doesn’t want to be ment, both live and recorded characters, MAN, WOMAN & parted from her, So he lies and tells her he hasn’t seen music (my father accompanies the GIRL are all played by my father her dress. piece on the shakuhachi), light- or myself (we each play all three ing and visuals as well as words He brings her home and after about characters in the show). In addi- a week, to unfold the story of three lost tion, are the characters Dad and She begins to forget. souls who are waiting endlessly Maiko, where we are playing our- Celestial maidens are lucky that in a Tokyo train station. One is a selves within the fictional world of way. man, dressed up in his best suit, the play. They have very poor memories. waiting for the love of his life to And after about a month, well— arrive. There’s only one problem. DAD: This happened a long time She can hardly remember anything

22 You will live for one billion years. She spots the moon. from before she met him. And eventually, destined for great- Yeah, there it is. Maiko shifts raft to noodle stand by ness, in the year 14000 you will She points. She goes back to the standing it up and opening the suit- become the Northern Star. That’s suitcase. case. House lights come up a bit. huge. Good for you. You totally Are you following me? MAIKO: You are all stars, you know deserve it. “It’s following you because it loves that? You are. Shiny, luminous, mas- You, Altair, and you Vega. You’re you the best. You are its favorite girl sive balls… of gas. Like you. well matched. in the entire world. Because it loves Points to someone in the audience She merges the two demonstrations you so much it will never, ever leave house left. She rolls closer to them. together physically. Patterns merge. your side.” She gets their name. Lights and sound combine. (This is an actual voice over done Shiny, pretty you. You are…Altair. You long for each other. That’s okay. by my mom) The brightest star in the constellation It’s good to long for things. It builds Mom’s eyes are closed. Aquila. character. But something keeps you And all around us, the sky. The huge (Demonstrating constellation with apart. It’s… spreading blackness of it all. I love one side of her body) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, She gestures towards the audience the way it looks, the way the stars are 6, 7, 8. between the two stars. like little holes poked in fabric to let You are the 12th brightest star in the …all of you. You stars might not be the light out. night sky. much to look at on your own, but I lean my head against the cordu- Not bad, considering how many other together, you’re a tour de force. The roy headrest and I close my eyes. stars are out there. Milky Way. You confuse things, you I watch green and red imprints of You are a white star, a mere 17 light know. If it weren’t for you, things the moon swimming inside my own years away from earth. would be a lot clearer around here. blackness. That’s 100 trillion miles, but that’s Thanks a lot. Suitcase turns down and Maiko relatively close, in star terms. My stars, we’re all in this together. sleeps on it. Dad wakes up and reads And yet, you are so bright, you are Together, here in the BIG SECRET the following: totally visible to my naked eye… THEATRE, we make up one beauti- DAD: Go to bed and wake up at the You are…oblete. ful galaxy. same time each day. Sorry if you were trying to keep it She rolls the suitcase back and sits Do the same things each day before a secret. at noodle stand. She spots the moon. you go to sleep. Routine is key. Rapidly rotating, Car interior sounds. Dad is sleeping Relax your mind and body by taking Gravity darkening, on bench with jacket on. a warm bath, stretching, or reading. And mythically speaking, ill omened GIRL: I’m 8 years old. I’m in the Never underestimate a good bedtime signifying danger from snakes. backseat of the family car. I’m look- story. The room should be quiet and Have I made you uncomfortable? ing out of the window, up at the sky. dark. Forgive me. It wasn’t my intention. I’m looking at the moon. At this age, The bed is a place for sleeping. Sur- She finds another audience member I still believe in things. For instance, round yourself with comfortable house right. I believe that the moon is following blankets and pillows. And then there’s you. You. You are me around. We are driving in the car, And when possible, find someone to Vega. and the moon is following us. We are sleep beside. ❁ Radiant, the brightest star in the driving late at night — we always Train will be playing at the constellation Lyra. (Demonstrating seem to be driving late at night. We following dates and locations: constellation with the other side of travel down these quiet roads. Dad’s her body) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1. at the wheel, Mom’s beside him October 8-11, 8pm You’re a bit of a show off. — snoozing, she’s always so tired. STUDIO THEATRE The 5th brightest star in the sky, 24.3 My forehead is pressed against the Shadbolt Centre for the Arts, light years away. glass. I love the coolness of it against Burnaby, BC Few others around you shine brighter my skin. I watch my breath appear than you do. and disappear, spreading out on the April 30-May 9, 2009 She looks around. window like some kind of virus. I STUDIO Sorry, but the rest of you are a bit look up again, and… Gateway Theatre, Richmond, BC dull.

23 The list of new and renewing members Reverend Katsumi Imayoshi Mrs. May Mukaida Debra Suzuki of the NNM&HC from February 1, Mr. & Mrs. Masayasu Mike & Masako Inoue Ms. Diane Murakami Mrs. Kay Tagami Ms. Beverley Inouye Mr. & Mrs. Toshio & Kazuko Nagumo Mr. & Mrs. David & Kei Takahashi 2008 to July 31, 2008 Mrs. Chiyoko Inouye NAJC Kamloops Chpter Mr. & Mrs. Ken & Peggy Takahashi Mrs. Kimiyo Inouye Ms. Fumie Nakagawa Mr. Koji Takahashi Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Kazue Abe Mrs. May Ishikawa Mrs. Shoko Nakagawa Mrs. Atsuko Takashima Dr. & Mrs. Robert & Molly Akune Mr. & Mrs. Noboru Ishikawa Mr. Clarke Nakamoto Mrs. Tamie Takeshita Mr. & Mrs. Tats & June Aoki Ms. Sumi Iwamoto Mr. & Mrs. John & Marion Nakamoto Mr. Norman Takeuchi Mr. & Mrs. Tsuguo & Grace Arai Mrs. Kyoko Jackson Mrs. Peggy Nakano Ms. Harumi Tamoto Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiharu & Fumiko Aura K. Iwata Travel Service Mr. Ted Nakashima Mr. & Mrs. Akira & Isabel Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Mitsutoshi & Nobuko Awazu Mr. & Mrs. Richard & June Kadonaga Ms. Seiko Nakazawa Mrs. Etsuko Tanaka Dr. Michiko Ayukawa Mr. & Mrs. Gordon & Kyoko Kadota Mr. & Mrs. Brian & Hitomi Nasu Dr. & Mrs. Jim Tanaka Mr. Frank Baba Mr. Tatsuo Kage Mr. & Mrs. Yukio & Roberta Nasu Mr. Kazuo Bud Tanaka Mr. Jack Baba Mrs. Kanaye K. Kagetsu Mr. & Mrs. Peter & Aster Nimi Mr. & Mrs. Minoru & Miyoshi Mr. & Mrs. David & Yoko Banks Mrs. Sumiko Kamachi Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Jane Nimi Tanaka Mr. Robert Banno & Ms. Cathy Makihara Mr. & Mrs. Shizuo & Kimie Kamezawa Mr. & Mrs. Hideo Nishi Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuru & Yuki Tanaka BMO Bank of Montreal Mr. & Mrs. Roger & Joyce Kamikura Hiroko Nishikage Mr. & Mrs. Ryoji & Fusako Tani- Mr. & Mrs. Rod Bourke Mr. & Mrs. Alfie & Rosie Kamitakahara Grace Nishimura zawa Ms. Debora Burke & Mr. Yoshi Arima Mr. Jiro Kamiya Ms. Sakuya Nishimura Ms. Sian Tasaka Mr. & Mrs. Katsuji & Kuniko Chiba Mrs. Kimiko Kariya Ms. Janet Nitta Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Margaret Taylor Mrs. Sumika Child Miss Dottie Karr Mr. & Mrs. Dan & Colleen Nomura Ms. Susan Tennant Mr. & Mrs. Michael & Ruth Coles Ms. Tomoko Kato Mr. & Mrs. Tosh & Jessie Nomura Mrs. Marie Teraguchi LA Dinsmore Mr. & Mrs. Vern & Betty Kawaguchi Ms. Michiko Obara Mr. & Mrs. Willy & Evelyn Tobler Mr. & Mrs. John & Karol Dubitz Mr. Masanobu Kawahira Mr. & Mrs. Masao & Kazuko Odaka Mr. & Mrs. George & Hiroko Tsuch- Mr.Dennis Enomoto A. Kawamoto Mrs. Mary Ohara iya Mr. Randy Enomoto & Ms. Lynn Westwood Dr. Tsuyoshi Kawasaki & Ms. Marja Kates Mrs. Joyce Oikawa Mr. Tomoaki Tsuchiya Dr. & Mrs. Bruce & Vivian Ettinger Mr. & Mrs. Kazuo & Mitsuko Kawashima Mrs. Marge Oike Mrs Kazue Tsurusaki Mr. & Mrs. Malcolm & Keiko Fitz-Earle Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Keiko Kazuta Mr. & Mrs. Larry Okada Ms. Ikuye Uchida Mr. & Mrs. Donald Ian & Tamara Fraser Mr. Kaye Kishibe Ms. Jeannette Okamoto Mr. & Mrs. Takuo & Motoko Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Doreen Friesen Mr. & Mrs. John & Jean Kitagawa Ms. Ruby Okano Uegaki Reverend & Mrs. Ohrai & Minako Fujikawa Mr. & Mrs. Nobuo & Nana Kitsuda Mr. & Mrs. Hiroshi & Sachiko Okazaki Ms. Marjorie Umezuki Mr. Brian Fujimoto Mrs. Jean Ayako Kobayashi Mr. Tanjiro Okubo Ms. Leslie Uyeda Mrs. Kyomi Fujisawa Ms. Hatsue Kobuke Mr. Kenji Okuda Mr. & Mrs. Mutsumi & Michiyo Mrs. Kay Fujishima Mr. & Mrs. Jim & Michiko Kojima Mr. Herbert Ono & Ms. Tara O’Connor Uyede Mr. & Mrs. Stanley & Masako Fukawa Dr. May Komiyama Mr. Ray Ota Ms. Kuniko Uyeno Mr. & Mrs. Frank & Vickie Fukui Mrs. Kay Komori Mr. & Mrs. Akira & Mikiko Oye Mrs. Kimiye Uyeyama Mr. & Mrs. James & Molly Fukui Ms. Christine Kondo Mrs. Toshiko Quan Vancouver Japanese Gardeners As- Mr. Makoto Fukui Mr. Dick Koyanagi Mrs. Aileen Randall sociation Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Joyce Fukui Mr. & Mrs. Teruo & Kazuko Koyanagi Mrs. Linda Reid Mrs. Akiko Wakabayashi Ms. Kiyoko Hamada Mrs. Yoshiko Koyanagi Ms. Patricia Roy Mr. & Mrs. Henry & Yvonne Wakaba- Mr. & Mrs. Roy & Kikuyo Hamade Mrs. Kazue Koyanagi Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiyuki & Masako Sakaue yashi Mrs. Fumi Hamagami Mr. & Mrs. Seiya & Moko Kuwabara Mr. & Mrs. Tats & Kim Sakauye Mrs. Michiko Watanabe Mrs. Shizue Hamaguchi Mr. Tom Kuwahara Mr. & Mrs. Noboru & Elizabeth Sakiyama Mr. Peter A. Watson Mr. & Mrs. Thomas & Nobuka Hara Mr. & Mrs. Larry & Michi Lee Miss Joyce Sakon Miss Anne Williams Mr. & Mrs. Arthur & Shizue Hara, O.C. Ms. Yung ae Lee Mr. Fred Sasaki Dr. Michael Wilson & Ms. Ineke Mr. & Mrs. Kazuji Chieko Haraguchi Mr. & Mrs. Bernie & Ruby Lofstrand Mr. & Mrs. Gary & Heike Sasaki Dijks Mrs. M. Grace Harling Mrs. Margaret Lyons Jeanette Sato Ms. Shirley Witherow Mr. & Mrs. Masao & Nobue Hatanaka Mr. & Mrs. Minoru & Michiko Maniwa Mrs. Virginia Sato Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Fumiko Mr. Rodney Hatanaka Bonnie March Mrs. Mary Seko Woloshyn Mrs. Sayo Hattori Mr. David Masuhara & Ms. Beverly West Mrs. Eva T. Shiho Ms. Nancy Woodward Mr. & Mrs. Mickey & Betty Hayashi Ms. Sharon Masui& Mr. Gwilym Smith Mr. & Mrs. Gentaro & Rose Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Fred & Linda Yada Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuo & Emmie Hayashi Ms. Josie Matsuba Mr. & Mrs. George & Emiko Shimizu Mrs. Kiyoe Yada Mrs. Susan Hidaka Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiaki & Miyoko Matsumoto Ms. Janet Shimizu Mrs. Hisako Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. Showney & Jean Higashi Ms. Janice Matsumura Mr. Ralph Shimizu Ms. Norine K. Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. Terry & Mary Higo Mrs. Shizuko Matsumura Mr. & Mrs. Ted & Shiz Shimizu Mr. Sam Yamamoto Mrs. Fukiko Hinatsu Ms. Yuki Matsuno Mr. & Mrs. Tommy & Mitsuye Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Steve & Dorothy Mr. & Mrs. Miki & Miyako Hirai Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuyoshi & Lily Matsushita Mr. & Mrs. Yoshio & Norma Shimizu Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. Shigeru & Akemi Hirai Mr. & Mrs. Norio & Jo-Anne Matsushita Mr. & Mrs. Howard & Jane Shimokura Mr. Tats Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. T. Hirai Mr. & Mrs. Don & Connie Mayede Dr. & Mrs. Kazumi J. & Yurika Shintani Mr. Robert Yamaoka Mr. & Mrs. Thomas & Rosie Hirose Mr. & Mrs. Arthur & Keiko Miki Mr. & Mrs. Wataru & Barbara Shishido Mr. & Mrs. Takeo & Sumiko Ya- Ms Eileen Hirota Mr. & Mrs. Tsuneo & Noriko Miki Mr. & Mrs. Kiyoshi & Keiko Shono mashiro Mr. & Mrs. Ted & Nany Hirota Mr. & Mrs. David & Kiyomi & Minamata Ms. Nam Suk So Mrs. Chieko Yano Mr. & Mrs. Isamu & Masako Hori Mr. & Mrs. Kaoru & Aki Minato Mr. & Mrs. Eric & Yasuko Sokugawa Kimi Yano Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuru & Jean Hori Mr. & Mrs. Hiroshi & Kay Minemoto Mr. Mike Sokugawa & Ms. Fumi Horii Mr. & Mrs. Mas & Kaori Yano Mr. & Mrs. Naoto & Miwako Horita Mrs. Frances Miyoko Miyashita Mrs. Reiko Suda Mr. Mitsuo Yesaki Mr. & Mrs. Naotaka & Noriko Ide Mr. & Mrs. Tak & Shizuko Miyazaki Mr. & Mrs. Kanji & Yuriko Suga Mr. Carl Yokota Prof. Masako Iino Lillian Morishita Mr. & Mrs. James & Mary Sugiyama Mrs. Marcia Masako Yoshida Ms. Sanaye Ikari Mr. & Mrs. Steve & Shirley Morishita Mr. Ed Suguro Mrs. Yoshiko Yoshimaru Mr. & Mrs. Gordon & Joan Imai Mr. & Mrs. Derral & Linda Moriyama Suki’s Beauty Bazaar Ltd.

th Announcements Wild Birds Exhibit 8 Annual Craft & Bake Fair All events at NNM&HC unless otherwise noted. October 2 to December 24. Saturday, November 15, 10:00am – 3:00pm Reception Thursday, October 9, 7:00 pm. Re-Shaping Memory, Owning History: Through Speaker Series: Two Cranes, Two Continents the Lens of Japanese Canadian Redress Japanese Farmers’ Market by Roy Hamaguchi. August 19 to September 21. Saturday, October 4, 11:00 am – 2:30pm Thursday, November 6, 7:00pm

Redress 20th Anniversary Celebrations Japan Expo Breakfast with Santa Friday, September 19 to Sunday, September 21. Wednesday, October 22 and Thursday, October Saturday, December 6, 23, 2008. one seating only at 9:30am

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