Research activities of the Membrane Society of Japan

Takeo Yamaguchi Tokyo Institute of Technology The Membrane Society of Japan

History 1978 The Membrane Society of Japan was established (Prof. Nakagaki, Prof. Shimizu, Prof. Kimura) 1982 The European Membrane Society (EMS) was established. 1984 Japan-Europe Membrane Conference (former ICOM) 1987 1st ICOM (Tokyo) (Prof. Nakagaki) 1996 4th ICOM (Yokohama) (Prof. Kimura) 2002 1st Aseanian Membrane Society (AMS) meeting (Tokyo) (Prof. Nakao)

Mission •To promote the advancement of science and technologies in synthetic membranes, bio-membranes and their interdisciplinary fields. Boards in 2017 President: Hideto Matsuyama (Kobe Univ.) Vice President: Atsuo Kumano (Toyobo co ltd.) Hiroyuki Saito (Kyoto Pherm. Univ.) Masahiro Goto (Kyushu Univ.) Directors: Emiko Okamura (Himeji Dokkyo Univ.) Hidetoshi Kita (Yamaguchi Univ.) Hiroyoshi Kawakami (Tokyo Metro. Univ.) Mikihisa Takano (Hiroshima Univ.) Masahiko Matsukata (Waseda Univ.) Masakazu Yoshikawa (Kyoto Inst. Tec.) Mitsuru Higa (Yamaguchi Univ.) Mutsumi Inaba (Hokkaido Univ.) Shin-ichi Nakao (Kogakuin Univ.) Shuji Nakatsuka (Daicen Membrane Sys. Ltd.) Takahiro Kawakatsu (Kurita Water Ind. Ltd.) Takashi Miyata (Kansai Univ.) Takeo Yamaguchi (Tokyo Inst. Tech.) Toru Maruyama (Kyushu Univ.) Toshinori Tsuru (Hiroshima Univ.) Yoshinori Marunaka (Kyoto Pref. Univ. Medicine) Auditors: Hidetoshi Kita (Yamaguchi Univ.) Kazuo Oki (Tohoku Univ.) Academia (Synthetic and interdisciplinary fields)

Utsunomiya Univ. Prof. Itoh Niigata Univ. Prof. Aoki, AIST (Tsukuba) Prof. Tanaka Dr. Hara, Dr. Yoshimune, Dr. Sumaru Hiroshima Univ. Prof. Tsuru, Assoc. Prof. Kanezashi Kobe Univ. Kogakuin Univ. Prof. Matsuyama Prof. Nakao, Prof. Takaba, Yamaguchi Univ. Prof. Yoshioka Assoc.Prof. Akamatsu Prof. Kita, Prof. Higa, Assoc. Prof. Kumakiri Tokyo Inst. Tech. Waseda Univ. Prof. Yamaguchi Prof. Matsukata Kyushu Univ. Tokyo Metrop. Univ. Meiji Univ. Prof. Goto Prof. Kawakami Prof. Nagai Prof. Taniguchi Shibaura Inst. Tech. Nagoya Univ. Prof. Nomura, Prof. Iritani Prof. Yoshimi Osaka Univ.; Kansai Univ. Prof. Umakoshi, Nagoya Inst. Tech. Univ. of Tokyo Tokyo Univ. Agr. Eng. Prof. Miyata Prof. Nishiyama Assoc. Prof. Nagumo Assoc. Prof. Ito Assoc. Prof. Ohashi Industries RO/ NF Toray (sw), Nitto (sw), Toyobo (sw)

UF Asahi Chemicals, Daicen

MF Mitsubishi Rayon, Asahi Chemicals

GS Ube Industries

PV

IE

Engineering Kurita, Organo, Mitsubishi Rayon Share of RO and NF membranes in 2015 GE Others Vonton 2% 3%

Toyobo 5% Dow chemical Nitto Denko 38% 24%

Toray 26%

in JapaneseFuji Economics 2016 Research Activity: Polymeric Membranes (Fouling) Experimental approach (Hierarchical study) Commercial Molecular level Polymer level level

Polymer synthesis MD simulation Simulation approach

Structure formation simulation Fouling simulation Understand fouling phenomena

Hideto Matsuyama (Kobe Univ.)

Shin-ichi Nakao & Kazuki Akamatsu (Kogakuin Univ.) Research Activity: Membrane Modeling and Systems

MD simulation Transport model and Process simulation Reverse osmosis (RO) Forward osmosis (FO)

1.8 nm

EFO = Ed + Ep E : water recovery from draw solution 4.0 nm 3 d ERO = 2.5 kWh / m water Ed = DG / Qproduct Ep : pressure drop

Sea water CP nanotube Pure water

Tomohisa Yoshioka (Kobe Univ.) Takeo Yamaguchi (Tokyo Institute of Tech.)

Hiromitsu Takaba (Kogakuin Univ.) PRO and RED system Ryo Nagumo (Nagoya Institute of Tech.) Mitsuru Higa (Yamaguchi Univ.) Research Activity: Inorganic Membranes 1 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) membranes

“Molecular Sieve” mechanism Cross-section H2 Large gas

Zeolite membranes SiO2

γ-Al2O3 :Intermediate layer (pore 4nm)γ-

α-Al2O3Support (pore 100nm)α-

Shin-ichi Nakao & Kazuki Akamatsu (Kogakuin Univ.) Sol-gel membranes

104.1 TiO2–ZrO2–ISOH top layer

SiO2–ZrO2 intermediate layer

a-Al2O3 support Masahiko Matsukata (Waseda Univ.), Cross 500 nm Hidetoshi Kita & Izumi Kumakiri (Yamaguchi Univ.) section Mikihiro Nomura (Shibaura Inst. Tech.) Toshinori Tsuru (Hiroshima Univ.) More than 150 PV plants for dehydration of organic liquid are operated in Japan

Ex. 16 modules, 60 m2 Dehydration of EtOH, 90 99.8 wt%, L: 80 cm O.D.: 1.2 cm 600 L/h at 120°C, 6 kg/cm2

Zeolite Membrane Second group of Module Tube Module x 8

Vacuum vessel

125 tubes, 3.75 m2 Research Activity: Inorganic Membranes 2 Carbon membrane MOF membrane [1,1,0] Cu: O: C: Pore-size 0.35nm

Photo image

Cross section 100μm SEM-EDX

Alumina substrate

CuBTClayer 40μm

Miki Yoshimune (AIST) Nobuo Hara (AIST) Research Activity: Electrolyte Membranes and Ion Exchange Membranes Pore-filling membrane Nano-fiber membrane

1.2 (80℃) 1 90℃ 100℃ 0.8

0.6

0.4 Cell voltage [V]voltage Cell 0.2 30% humidity 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Current density [A/cm 2]

Tough anion-exchange membrane

Takeo Yamaguchi Hiroyoshi Kawakami (Tokyo Institute of Tech.) (Tokyo Metro. Univ.) Research Activity: Bio-membranes 研究背景: 細Dynamic cell membranes胞膜の動的構造や機能の理解

Mechanism of the delivery of drugs and bioactive chemicals Cholesterol Molecular dynamics in the membrane Ion channel Vertical fluctuation

Lateral diffusion

Cell inside outside Lipid bilayer membrane Cell membranes are the dynamic system.

Incorporation of ion channel proteins also modifies the membrane.

Plausible Mechanism for Non-Endocytic, Energy-Independent Membrane Permeation of Cell-Penetrating Peptide (CPP) Membrane Permeation of Cell-Penetrating Peptide (CPP) Translocation of 19F-R8 into Cells Two Pathways of Translocation process Two Pathways of Translocation process

CPPs Lipid bilayer Penetratin: RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK membrane HIV-1 tat: GRKKRRQRRRPQ octaarginine: RRRRRRRR The mechanism involves (i) binding of 19F- Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) R8 to GAG at the cell surface, 2. Non-endocytotic 1. Endocytosis translocation followed by (ii) the transfer to Cytosol the cell membrane, and (iii) the entry into cytosol. Cytosol

Prof. Emiko Okamura (Himeji Dokkyo Univ.) Aquapoline AQPs efficiently and specifically conduct water while completely preventing proton permeation.

Hydrophobic pore Hydrogen-bondings were cut at the pore entrance Pore size 3 and a single water molecule can be permeated. N-N distance 2.8±0.2

K. Tani and Y. Fujiyoshi et al., J. Mol. Biol. 389, 694 (2009) Research Activity: Bio-mimetic and Bio-inspired Membranes 1

Bio-membrane Bio-membrane system

Molecular recognition gating membrane

Bio-inspired membrane

Pore open Pore closed Takeo Yamaguchi (Tokyo Institute of Tech.) Research Activity: Bio-mimetic and Bio-inspired Membranes 2

BPA-imprinted gel

Nonimprinted gel

Meso-Scale Unit (Self-Organizing System) Takashi Miyata (Kansai Univ.),

Hiroshi Uamakoshi (Osaka Univ.) Summary If you ask us what is The Membrane Society of Japan.

• “When you join the membrane society of Japan, you can understand all of membrane research fields including synthetic membranes, bio-membranes and interdisciplinary field”.

• 437 people and 34 industrial companies are belonged to the society.

• Another important mission is to gather the membrane researchers from different fields at one place and merge and exchange their knowledge and information to create new membrane research fields. Acknowledgments

Prof. Hideto Matsuyama (Kobe University) Prof. Toshinori Tsuru (Hiroshima University) Dr. Masahide Taniguchi (Toray co ltd.) Dr. Takahiro Kawakatsu (Kurita co ltd.) Dr. Atsuo Kumano (Toyobo co ltd.) Prof. Emiko Okamura (Himeji Dokkyo Univ.) Prof. Takashi Miyata (Kansai Univ.) Prof. Hiroshi Uamakoshi (Osaka Univ.) Prof. Hiroyoshi Kawakami (Tokyo Metro. Univ.) Prof. Tomohisa Yoshioka (Kobe Univ.) Prof. Mikihiro Nomura (Shibaura Inst. Tech.) Assoc. Prof. Kazuki Akamatsu (Kogakuin Univ.) Dr. Nobuo Hara (AIST)