Britain's Big Problem
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Thirteenth Session, Commencing at 2.30 Pm
Thirteenth Session, Commencing at 2.30 pm WORLD BANKNOTES part 3353* 3355* Dominican Republic, Banco Central de la Republica Dominican Republic, Banco Central de la Republica Dominica, specimen five pesos oro, 1993, 000000, Dominica, specimen set of fi ve, includes fi fty, one hundred, ESPECIMEN/MUESTRA SIN VALOR diagonally in black five hundred, one thousand and two thousand pesos on fronts and backs, individually numbered 111, 112, 238 dominicanos, 2012, GE 000000, ZQ 000000, KV 000000, and 299 in black bottom left margins on fronts (P.143s). FE 000000 and CR 000000, ESPECIMEN/MUESTRA SIN Uncirculated, the fi rst illustrated. (4) VALOR diagonally in black on fronts and backs, double $100 punch hole cancellation at bottom left, each numbered 0799 in red bottom left margin on front (P.183cs, 184cs, 186cs, 3354 187cs, 188s). Uncirculated. (5) Dominican Republic, Banco Central de la Republica $180 Dominicana, two hundred pesos oro, 2007, prefi xes AA (2) and CA (3) (P.178). Uncirculated. (5) 3356 $80 East Caribbean States, Eastern Carribean Central Bank, fi ve dollars (1994), St Kitts, C527206/9K four consecutive (P.31k) (4); St Lucia, H986011/4L four consecutive (P.31l) (4); Montserrat, A258351/4M four consecutive (P.31m) (4); Anguilla, A235615/8U four consecutive (P.31u) (4); also (2000), Montserrat, A707460/3M four consecutive (P.37m) (4). Uncirculated. (20) $500 3357 Egypt, Central Bank of Egypt, fi fty pounds, 2001 (P.66a) four consecutive notes. Uncirculated. (4) $50 3358* Falkland Islands, The Government of the Falkland Islands, George V, fi ve pounds uniface printer's proof on card, 1st February 1921, with printer's notations at right (cfP.3). -
Britain's Cartwheel Coinage of 1797
Britain's Cartwheel Coinage of 1797 by George Manz You've probably heard these words and names before: Cartwheel, Soho, Matthew Boulton, and James Watt. But did you know how instrumental they were in accelerating the Industrial Revolution? Like the strands of a rope, the history of Britain's 1797 Cartwheel coinage is intertwined with the Industrial Revolution. And that change in the method of producing goods for market is intermeshed with the Soho Mint and its owners, Matthew Boulton and James Watt. We begin this story in Birmingham, England in 1759 when Matthew Boulton Jr., now in his early 30s, inherited his father's toy business which manufactured many items, including buttons. Later that year, or possibly the following year, young Matthew Boulton's first wife Mary died. "While personally devastating," Richard Doty writes in his marvelous book, The Soho Mint & the Industrialization of Money, "the deaths of his father and his first wife helped make Soho possible. His father had left the toy business to him, while the estate of his wife, who was a daughter and co-heiress of the wealthy Luke Robinson of Litchfield, added to his growing resources." Doty, the curator of numismatics for the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., notes that Boulton eventually went on to wed Mary's sister Anne; Luke Robinson's other daughter and now sole heir to the family fortune. Boulton built a mill which he called Soho Manufactory, named for a place already called Soho, near Birmingham. The mill was erected beside Hockley Brook, which provided the water- power to help power the new factory. -
The Milled Coinage of Elizabeth I
THE MILLED COINAGE OF ELIZABETH I D. G. BORDEN AND I. D. BROWN Introduction THIS paper describes a detailed study of the coins produced by Eloy Mestrelle's mill at the Tower of London between 1560 and 1571. We have used the information obtained from an examination of the coins to fill out the story of Eloy and his machinery that is given by the surviving documents. There have been a number of previous studies of this coinage. Peter Sanders was one of the first to provide a listing of the silver coins1 and more recently one of us (DGB) has published photographs of the principal types.2 The meagre documentary evidence relating to this coinage has been chronicled by Ruding,3 Symonds,4 Craig,5 Goldman6 and most recently by Challis.7 Hocking8 and Challis have given accounts of what little it known of the machinery used. This study first summarises the history of Mestrelle and his mill as found in the documents and then describes our die analysis based on an examination of enlarged photographs of 637 coins. We combine these two to propose a classification for the coinage in Appendix 2. Mestrelle and the Milled Coinage of Elizabeth I Queen Elizabeth I succeeded her sister Mary I as queen of England and Ireland in November 1558. On 31 December 1558 she signed a commission to Sir Edmund Peckham as high treasurer of the mint to produce gold and silver coins of the same denominations and standards as those of her sister, differing only in having her portrait and titles.9 The coins struck over the next eighteen months mostly never saw circulation because the large amount of base silver coin in circulation drove all the good coin into private savings or, worse, into the melting pot. -
List of Business 6Th November 2019
ORDERS APPROVED AND BUSINESS TRANSACTED AT THE PRIVY COUNCIL HELD BY THE QUEEN AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE ON 6TH NOVEMBER 2019 COUNSELLORS PRESENT The Rt Hon Jacob Rees-Mogg (Lord President) The Rt Hon Robert Buckland QC The Rt Hon Alister Jack The Rt Hon Alok Sharma Privy The Rt Hon The Lord Ashton of Hyde, the Rt Hon Conor Burns, Counsellors the Rt Hon Zac Goldsmith, the Rt Hon Alec Shelbrooke, the Rt Hon Christopher Skidmore and the Rt Hon Rishi Sunak were sworn as Members of Her Majesty’s Most Honourable Privy Council. Order appointing Jesse Norman a Member of Her Majesty’s Most Honourable Privy Council. Proclamations Proclamation declaring the calling of a new Parliament on the 17th of December 2019 and an Order directing the Lord Chancellor to cause the Great Seal to be affixed to the Proclamation. Six Proclamations:— 1. determining the specifications and designs for a new series of seven thousand pound, two thousand pound, one thousand pound and five hundred pound gold coins; and a new series of one thousand pound, five hundred pound and ten pound silver coins; 2. determining the specifications and designs for a new series of one thousand pound, five hundred pound, one hundred pound and twenty-five pound gold coins; a new series of five hundred pound, ten pound, five pound and two pound standard silver coins; a new series of ten pound silver piedfort coins; a new series of one hundred pound platinum coins; and a new series of five pound cupro-nickel coins; 3. determining the specifications and designs for a new series of five hundred pound, two hundred pound, one hundred pound, fifty pound, twenty-five pound, ten pound, one pound and fifty pence gold coins; a new series of five hundred pound, ten pound, two pound, one pound, fifty pence, twenty pence, ten pence and five pence silver coins; and a new series of twenty-five pound platinum coins; 4. -
The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864
1 Constructing Ionian Identities: The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864 Maria Paschalidi Department of History University College London A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to University College London 2009 2 I, Maria Paschalidi, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Abstract Utilising material such as colonial correspondence, private papers, parliamentary debates and the press, this thesis examines how the Ionian Islands were defined by British politicians and how this influenced various forms of rule in the Islands between 1815 and 1864. It explores the articulation of particular forms of colonial subjectivities for the Ionian people by colonial governors and officials. This is set in the context of political reforms that occurred in Britain and the Empire during the first half of the nineteenth-century, especially in the white settler colonies, such as Canada and Australia. It reveals how British understandings of Ionian peoples led to complex negotiations of otherness, informing the development of varieties of colonial rule. Britain suggested a variety of forms of government for the Ionians ranging from authoritarian (during the governorships of T. Maitland, H. Douglas, H. Ward, J. Young, H. Storks) to representative (under Lord Nugent, and Lord Seaton), to responsible government (under W. Gladstone’s tenure in office). All these attempted solutions (over fifty years) failed to make the Ionian Islands governable for Britain. The Ionian Protectorate was a failed colonial experiment in Europe, highlighting the difficulties of governing white, Christian Europeans within a colonial framework. -
Gladstone and the Bank of England: a Study in Mid-Victorian Finance, 1833-1866
GLADSTONE AND THE BANK OF ENGLAND: A STUDY IN MID-VICTORIAN FINANCE, 1833-1866 Patricia Caernarv en-Smith, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2007 APPROVED: Denis Paz, Major Professor Adrian Lewis, Committee Member and Chair of the Department of History Laura Stern, Committee Member Sandra L. Terrell, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Caernarven-Smith, Patricia. Gladstone and the Bank of England: A Study in Mid- Victorian Finance, 1833-1866. Master of Arts (History), May 2007, 378 pp., 11 tables, bibliography, 275 titles. The topic of this thesis is the confrontations between William Gladstone and the Bank of England. These confrontations have remained a mystery to authors who noted them, but have generally been ignored by others. This thesis demonstrates that Gladstone’s measures taken against the Bank were reasonable, intelligent, and important for the development of nineteenth-century British government finance. To accomplish this task, this thesis refutes the opinions of three twentieth-century authors who have claimed that many of Gladstone’s measures, as well as his reading, were irrational, ridiculous, and impolitic. My primary sources include the Gladstone Diaries, with special attention to a little-used source, Volume 14, the indexes to the Diaries. The day-to-day Diaries and the indexes show how much Gladstone read about financial matters, and suggest that his actions were based to a large extent upon his reading. In addition, I have used Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates and nineteenth-century periodicals and books on banking and finance to understand the political and economic debates of the time. -
The Belfast Gazette
Number 5934 503 The Belfast Gazette Registered as a Newspaper FRIDAY 29 MAY 1998 State Intelligence BY THE QUEEN "(4) The design for the said gold coin shall be as follows: For the obverse impression Our effigy with the inscription A PROCLAMATION "ELIZABETH.II.D.G REG.FID.DEF' and "50 POUNDS" and for the reverse the figure of Britannia standing upon a Altering the Proclamation of the 21st July 1987 and the rock in the sea, her right hand grasping a trident and her left Proclamation of the 22nd July 1997 determining a new inscription hand resting on a shield and holding an olive branch, with the for One Hundred-Pound, Fifty-Pound, Twenty-Five-Pound and inscription "V4 OUNCE FINE GOLD BRITANNIA" and the Ten-Pound Gold Coins, and Two-Pound, One Pound, Fifty date of the year. The coin shall have a graining upon the Pence and Twenty Pence Silver Coins. edge.". ELIZABETH R. THE TWENTY-FIVE-POUND COIN Whereas under section 3(1 )(b) and (h) of the Coinage Act 1971 We have power, with the advice of Our Privy Council, by 3. The following paragraph shall be substituted for paragraph Proclamation to determine the design of any coin to be made at 3(4) of Our said Proclamation of the twenty-first day of July Our Mint, and to alter any Proclamation previously made under 1987:- the said section: "(4) The design for the said gold coin shall be as follows: And Whereas by Our Proclamations dated the twenty-first day For the obverse impression Our effigy with the inscription of July 1987 and the twenty-second day of July 1997 We "ELIZABETH.II.D.G REG.FID.DEF" and "25 POUNDS" determined the specifications and designs for new coins of gold and for the reverse the figure of Britannia standing upon a of the denominations of one hundred pounds, fifty pounds, rock in the sea, her right hand grasping a trident and her left twenty-five pounds and ten pounds and new coins of silver of the hand resting on a shield and holding an olive branch, with the denominations of two pounds, one pound, fifty pence and twenty inscription "% OUNCE FINE GOLD BRITANNIA" and the pence: date of the year. -
A Group of Coins Struck in Roman Britain
A group of coins struck in Roman Britain 1001 Antoninus Pius (AD.138-161), Æ as, believed to be struck at a British travelling mint, laur. bust r., rev. BRITANNIA COS III S C, Britannia seated on rock in an attitude of sadness, wt. 12.68gms. (Sp. COE no 646; RIC.934), patinated, almost extremely fine, an exceptional example of this very poor issue £800-1000 This was struck to commemorate the quashing of a northern uprising in AD.154-5 when the Antonine wall was evacuated after its construction. This issue, always poorly struck and on a small flan, is believed to have been struck with the legions. 1002 Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, C mint, IMP C CARAVSIVS PF AVG, radiate dr. bust r., rev. VIRTVS AVG, Mars stg. l. with reversed spear and shield, S in field,in ex. C, wt. 4.63gms. (RIC.-), well struck with some original silvering, dark patina, extremely fine, an exceptional example, probably unique £600-800 An unpublished reverse variety depicting Mars with these attributes and position. Recorded at the British Museum. 1003 Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, London mint, VIRTVS CARAVSI AVG, radiate and cuir. bust l., holding shield and spear, rev. PAX AVG, Pax stg. l., FO in field, in ex. ML, wt. 4.14gms. (RIC.116), dark patina, well struck with a superb military-style bust, extremely fine and very rare thus, an exceptional example £1200-1500 1004 Diocletian, struck by Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, C mint, IMP C DIOCLETIANVS AVG, radiate cuir. -
A REVIE\I\T of the COINAGE of CHARLE II
A REVIE\i\T OF THE COINAGE OF CHARLE II. By LIEUT.-COLONEL H. W. MORRIESON, F.s.A. PART I.--THE HAMMERED COINAGE . HARLES II ascended the throne on Maj 29th, I660, although his regnal years are reckoned from the death of • his father on January 30th, r648-9. On June 27th, r660, an' order was issued for the preparation of dies, puncheons, etc., for the making of gold and" silver coins, and on July 20th an indenture was entered into with Sir Ralph Freeman, Master of the Mint, which provided for the coinage of the same pieces and of the same value as those which had been coined in the time of his father. 1 The mint authorities were slow in getting to work, and on August roth an order was sent to the vVardens of the Mint directing the engraver, Thomas Simon, to prepare the dies. The King was in a hurry to get the money bearing his effigy issued, and reminders were sent to the Wardens on August r8th and September 2rst directing them to hasten the issue. This must have taken place before the end of the year, because the mint returns between July 20th and December 31st, r660,2 showed that 543 lbs. of silver, £r683 6s. in value, had been coined. These coins were considered by many to be amongst the finest of the English series. They fittingly represent the swan song of the Hammered Coinage, as the hammer was finally superseded by the mill and screw a short two years later. The denominations coined were the unite of twenty shillings, the double crown of ten shillings, and the crown of five shillings, in gold; and the half-crown, shilling, sixpence, half-groat, penny, 1 Ruding, II, p" 2. -
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes To be sold by auction at: Sotheby’s, in the Upper Grosvenor Gallery The Aeolian Hall, Bloomfield Place New Bond Street London W1 Day of Sale: Thursday 29 November 2007 10.00 am and 2.00 pm Public viewing: 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Friday 23 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Monday 26 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Tuesday 27 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Wednesday 28 November See below Or by previous appointment. Please note that viewing arrangements on Wednesday 28 November will be by appointment only, owing to restricted facilities. For convenience and comfort we strongly recommend that clients wishing to view multiple or bulky lots should plan to do so before 28 November. Catalogue no. 30 Price £10 Enquiries: James Morton, Tom Eden, Paul Wood or Stephen Lloyd Cover illustrations: Lot 172 (front); ex Lot 412 (back); Lot 745 (detail, inside front and back covers) in association with 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Fax: +44 (0)20 7495 6325 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mortonandeden.com This auction is conducted by Morton & Eden Ltd. in accordance with our Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue. All questions and comments relating to the operation of this sale or to its content should be addressed to Morton & Eden Ltd. and not to Sotheby’s. Important Information for Buyers All lots are offered subject to Morton & Eden Ltd.’s Conditions of Business and to reserves. -
The Coinage of Edward Vi in His Own Name
THE COINAGE OF EDWARD VI IN HIS OWN NAME W. J. W. POTTER PART I. SECOND PERIOD: JANUARY 1549 TO OCTOBER 1551 INTRODUCTION THE first period of Edward's coinage, from his accession in January 1547 to near the end of January 1549, was merely a continuation of the last period of his father's reign, and in fact the two indentures of April 1547 and February 1548, making up the first and second issues or coinages, provided merely for the continued striking of the current 20-ct. gold sovereigns and halves and the 4-oz. silver testoons, groats, and smaller money. Thus not only were the standards and denominations unaltered, but the only change in the great majority of coins was to be found on the half-sovereigns, where a youthful figure replaced that of the old king on the throne, though still with Henry's name. Only a very few half-sovereigns are known of this type actually bearing Edward's name. On the silver, where no change at all occurred, the coins of the two reigns are conveniently divided by the substitution of Roman letters for the old Lombardic lettering which occurred about this time, at first sometimes on one side only. The coinage of this first period has already been described and discussed in this Journal by Mr. C. A. Whitton in his articles entitled ' The Coinages of Henry VIII and Edward VI in Henry's Name' (vol. xxvi, 1949). These actually include the half-sovereigns in Edward's name mentioned above and also the rare groats with his name and profile portrait which were undoubtedly struck during this first period. -
Exchange of Irish Coins
IR£ COINS ONLY Irish Pound coins can be submitted for value exchange via the drop box located at the Central Bank of Ireland in North Wall Quay or by post to: Central Bank of Ireland, PO Box 61, P3, Sandyford, Dublin 16. Please note submissions cannot be dropped in to the Sandyford address. Please sort your submission in advance as follows: Submissions must include: 1. Completed form 2. Bank account details for payment 3. A copy of photographic ID for submissions over €100 More information: See the “Consumer Hub” area on www.centralbank.ie, email [email protected], or call the Central Bank on +353 1 2245969. SUBMISSION DETAILS Please give details of the COIN(S) enclosed Quantity OFFICE USE Quantity OFFICE USE Denomination Denomination Declared ONLY Declared ONLY ¼d (Farthing) ½p (Halfpenny) ½d (Halfpenny) 1p (Penny) 1d (Penny) 2p (Two pence) 3d (Threepence) 5p (Five pence) 6d (Sixpence) 10p (Ten pence) 1s (Shilling) 20p (Twenty pence) 2s (Florin) 50p (Fifty pence) 2/6 (Half crown) £1 (One pound) 10 s (Ten Shilling) TOTAL QUANTITY Modified 16.12.19 IR£ COINS ONLY Failure to complete the form correctly will result in delay in reimbursement. Please use BLOCK CAPITALS throughout this form. Important information for submissions by companies: Please provide your CRO number: , For submissions over €100, please submit a redacted bank statement in the company name for the nominated bank account instead of photo ID. Applicant Details Applicant’s Full Name Tel Number Address Email Address For submissions over €100: Have you attached the required ID? yes To protect your personal information, please fold completed form along dotted line ensuring this side faces inward.