DOCSLIB.ORG

Section 1 Workbook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Section 1 Workbook Science 9 Unit 1: Biological Diversity Section 1: Name:________________________ 1. Define the following vocabulary words: a. Species____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. Biological Diversity _____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. Ecosystem _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ d. Population _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ e. Community_______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ f. Symbiosis ________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ g. Commensalism___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ h. Mutualism________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ i. Parasitism________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ j. Interspecies competition________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ k. Niche______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ l. Resource Partitioning___________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ m. Variability________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ n. Natural Selection_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Answer the following questions using pages 8 to 24 in the textbook 2. Explain using examples what is meant by biological diversity. Ecosystem Diversity – Differences between the different ecosystems ex. Forest vs Grassland or a forest as an ecosystem vs a fallen log. Community Diversity – Differences between different species Ex. Lion and Zebra Genetic Diversity – Differences within a species Ex. Individuals within a species are different from each other. Ex. A Chihuahua and a Doberman pinscher are the same species. 3. Compare and contrast the meaning of population and community. -Population Same species living in the same place at the same time Community Differing species that interact with each other in the same place at the same time. 4. Summarize in your own words, ecosystem diversity community diversity and genetic diversity. Ecosystem diversity is the differences we see in the different ecosystems of the world. Ecosystems can differ in size, and type. Community diversity Interactions between species differ all over the world, and the species within communities differ all over the world. Genetic Diversity - There are differences within species. Individuals within a species have a different genetic makeup. This leads to subtle differences within individuals which influences there chance for survival. 5. Why is there more biological diversity closer to the equator than in Canada? Give reasons for your answers. There is a warmer and wetter climate near the equator. There are generally more seasonal rains and the hotter temperature allows for more different kinds of plants to survive. The more different kinds of plants the more different kinds animals that can live on them. Each different kind of plant is like its own ecosystem, There are more habitats for animals to live. 6. A donkey and a horse can mate and have offspring. This offspring is called a mule. A mule is infertile. Why is a mule not considered a species? Because in order to be a species you must be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring. A mule can never produce offspring so it does not fit the definition of a species. 7. Choose one of the data sets at the bottom of page 13 and construct a graph of your choice. Remember to include a title and label both axes. Section 1.2 1. How does a prey population benefit when an individual in this population is eaten by a predator? Predators eat the weak and sick animals 1st. This way disease will not spread in the species and the weak animals will not pass their genes on. 2. List the three different types of interdependence among living organisms and provide an example of each. Mutualism – a bird feeding off an alligators teeth. Commensalism – an orchid living in a tree branch Parasitism – a mosquito biting your arm. 3. A student observes the following organisms in a field: a dandelion: a small butterfly on the flower of the dandelion: a caterpillar eating the leaves of the dandelion. Describe the niche of each organism. Butterfly – Consumes nectar from the flower, aids in pollination. Uses the flower part of the dandelion plant, flies. Caterpillar – lives off the leaves of the dandelion plant. It is a primary consumer, living on the leaves of the dandelion plant Dandelion – producer, uses the suns energy to make food, lives in the soil, is eaten by caterpillars and uses butterflies to help pollinate other plants. Section 1.3 1. In your own words, define natural selection. The environment selects traits that will be passed to the next generation. 2. Describe several examples of changes in the environment that might select some individuals in a species for survival over other individuals. Explain your answers. A temperature change – if it gets colder certain individuals will not be able to respond to the change, and can freeze A change in weather patterns – Extreme wet or dry will favor some individuals over others. An introduction of a new predator – some individuals will not run as fast etc so certain individuals will survive and others will not. 3. Suppose a population of sparrows migrating south for the winter is blown off course by a storm and the sparrows become isolated on an island. The only food source available on the island is a plant that produces large seeds. Predict which birds in the population, those with large beaks or those with small beaks, will survive to continue their migration or to populate the island. Explain your answer. Large beaks will survive because they can crack the seeds to eat. The other birds with small beaks will most likely die of starvation. Review for Quiz: 1. Write a definition of biological diversity that includes a description of its three main components. Biological diversity is the differences we see between and within ecosystems, it also includes the differences within communities of organisms around the world (different species look and act differently), and finally it also includes the differences within a species (genetic diversity) Individuals of the same species are slightly different (variation) 2. How does natural selection enhance or reduce the variability of a species? Explain your answer using examples. Natural selection depends upon the variability of a species. Natural selection enhances variability in the long term because traits usually do not disappear they are hidden in the genes. In the short term it might appear the species variability is reduced because certain genes are not expressed but when environmental conditions change certain traits could be expressed again. Natural selection depends on genetic variability to function. 3. Restate the meaning of interspecies competition in your own words. Use an example to illustrate. 2 different species competing for a resource cow and a horse in the same field competing for grass lion and crocodile fighting over a water buffalo. 4. How does variation within a species contribute to the health of the species? Of an ecosystem? a. The more variation the healthier the species as a whole. If environment changes then there is a chance that a gene will become advantageous and the species may survive. b. The more species in an ecosystem the healthier the ecosystem. If one species is lost many species are affected. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ecological Principles and Function of Natural Ecosystems by Professor Michel RICARD
    Intensive Programme on Education for sustainable development in Protected Areas Amfissa, Greece, July 2014 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ecological principles and function of natural ecosystems By Professor Michel RICARD Summary 1. Hierarchy of living world 2. What is Ecology 3. The Biosphere - Lithosphere - Hydrosphere - Atmosphere 4. What is an ecosystem - Ecozone - Biome - Ecosystem - Ecological community - Habitat/biotope - Ecotone - Niche 5. Biological classification 6. Ecosystem processes - Radiation: heat, temperature and light - Primary production - Secondary production - Food web and trophic levels - Trophic cascade and ecology flow 7. Population ecology and population dynamics 8. Disturbance and resilience - Human impacts on resilience 9. Nutrient cycle, decomposition and mineralization - Nutrient cycle - Decomposition 10. Ecological amplitude 11. Ecology, environmental influences, biological interactions 12. Biodiversity 13. Environmental degradation - Water resources degradation - Climate change - Nutrient pollution - Eutrophication - Other examples of environmental degradation M. Ricard: Summer courses, Amfissa July 2014 1 1. Hierarchy of living world The larger objective of ecology is to understand the nature of environmental influences on individual organisms, populations, communities and ultimately at the level of the biosphere. If ecologists can achieve an understanding of these relationships, they will be well placed to contribute to the development of systems by which humans
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
    Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India Curriculum on Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Protected Area Management Module 1 An Introduction to Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services For Field-Level MPA Managers Imprint Training Resource Material: Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Protected Area Management for Field-Level MPA Managers Module 1: An Introduction to Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Module 2: Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystems Services in the Overall Environment and Development Context Module 3: Mainstreaming Coastal and Marine Biodiversity into Overall Development and Environmental Planning Module 4: Coastal and Marine Protected Areas and Sustainable Fisheries Management Module 5: Governance, Law and Policies for Managing Coastal and Marine Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Protected Areas Module 6: Assessment and Monitoring of Coastal and Marine Biodiversity and Relevant Issues Module 7: Effective Management Planning of Coastal and Marine Protected Areas Module 8: Communicating Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Management Issues ISBN 978-81-933282-1-7 October 2015 Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Wildlife Institute of India (WII) Indo-German Biodiversity Programme P.O. Box 18, Chandrabani A-2/18, Safdarjung Enclave Dehradun 248001 New Delhi 110029, India Uttarakhand, India T +91-11-4949 5353 T +91-135-2640 910 E [email protected] E [email protected] W http://www.indo-germanbiodiversity.com W www.wii.gov.in GIZ is a German government-owned not-for-profit enterprise supporting sustainable development. This training resource material has been developed under the Human Capacity Development component of the project ‘Conservation and Sustainable Management of Existing and Potential Coastal and Marine Protected Areas (CMPA)’, under the Indo-German Biodiversity Programme, in partnership with the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Government of India.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystem Diversity Report George Washington National Forest Draft EIS April 2011
    Appendix E Ecosystem Diversity Report George Washington National Forest Draft EIS April 2011 U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Region Ecosystem Diversity Report George Washington National Forest April 2011 Appendix E Ecosystem Diversity Report George Washington National Forest Draft EIS April 2011 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. I 1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY EVALUATION PROCESS ................................... 3 3.0 ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS .................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Background and Distribution of Ecosystems ..................................................................................................... 7 North-Central Appalachian Acidic Swamp ............................................................................................................ 10 3.2 Descriptions of the Ecological Systems ............................................................................................................ 10 3.2.1 Spruce Forest: Central and Southern Appalachian Spruce-Fir Forest .......................................................... 10 3.2.2 Northern Hardwood Forest : Appalachian (Hemlock)- Northern Hardwood Forest ..................................... 11 3.2.3 Cove Forest: Southern and Central
    [Show full text]
  • Global Marine Biodiversity Trends 95
    Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 2006. 31:93-122 doi: 10.1146/annurev.energy.31.020105.100235 Copyright (c) 2006 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved First published online as a Review in Advance on August 10, 2006 G lobal M a r in e B iodiversity T r e n d s Enric Sala and Nancy Knowlton Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0202; email: [email protected], [email protected] Key Words historical change, human impacts, natural disturbances ■ Abstract Marine biodiversity encompasses all levels of complexity of life in the sea, from within species to across ecosystems. At all levels, marine biodiversity has naturally exhibited a general, slow trajectory of increase, punctuated by mass extinc­ tions at the evolutionary scale and by disturbances at the ecological scale. In historical times, a synergy of human threats, including overfishing, global warming, biological introductions, and pollution, has caused a rapid decline in global marine biodiversity, as measured by species extinctions, population depletions, and community homog­ enization. The consequences of this biodiversity loss include changes in ecosystem function and a reduction in the provision of ecosystem services. Global biodiversity loss will continue and likely accelerate in the future, with potentially more frequent ecological collapses and community-wide shifts. However, the timing and magnitude of these catastrophic events are probably unpredictable. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Sustainability
    ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY INTRODUCTION Over the last half-century, ecologists have learned much about how ecosystems contribute to the fulfillment of human life. Most obviously, ecosystems provide many of the goods that are harvested and traded in the human economy -- food, fiber, timber, forage, biomass fuels, and many pharmaceuticals (Daily 1997a). Ecosystems also provide indirect benefits to humans through their impacts on nutrient flux and cycling, mitigation of flood and drought, and maintenance of biodiversity, all of which feedback in important ways on the production of ecosystem goods that humans directly derive from ecosystems (Chapin et al. 1996). Finally, ecosystems also provide less tangible, but equally important, benefits in the form of recreational, spiritual, and intellectual stimulation (Postel and Carpenter 1997). Despite widespread public awareness of the direct benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, the full magnitude of benefits attributable to ecosystems is woefully underappreciated by the public (Daily 1997b). The public’s failure to recognize these benefits increases the likelihood that natural resources will be managed and developed in a manner that leads to ecosystem degradation. Such resource development, in conjunction with increasing human populations and land use intensification, can stress ecosystems to a point where their ability to provide the aforementioned benefits is compromised (Rapport et al. 1985). Concern that the human enterprise may jeopardize the viability of ecosystems (Vitousek et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Indicators of Biodiversity for Ecologically Sustainable Forest Management
    Essays Indicators of Biodiversity for Ecologically Sustainable Forest Management DAVID B. LINDENMAYER,* CHRIS R. MARGULES,† AND DANIEL B. BOTKIN‡ *Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies & Department of Geography, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, email [email protected] †CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, email [email protected] ‡George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22202, and The Center for the Study of the Environment, P.O. Box 6945, Santa Barbara, CA 93160, U.S.A., email [email protected] Abstract: The conservation of biological diversity has become one of the important goals of managing for- ests in an ecologically sustainable way. Ecologists and forest resource managers need measures to judge the success or failure of management regimes designed to sustain biological diversity. The relationships between potential indicator species and total biodiversity are not well established. Carefully designed studies are re- quired to test relationships between the presence and abundance of potential indicator species and other taxa and the maintenance of critical ecosystem processes in forests. Other indicators of biological diversity in forests, in addition or as alternatives to indicator species, include what we call structure-based indicators. These are stand-level and landscape-level (spatial) features of forests such as stand structural complexity and plant species composition, connectivity, and heterogeneity. Although the adoption of practices to sustain (or recreate) key characteristics of forest ecosystems appear intuitively sensible and broadly consistent with cur- rent knowledge, information is lacking to determine whether such stand- and landscape-level features of for- ests will serve as successful indices of (and help conserve) biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ocean Genome: Conservation and the Fair, Equitable and Sustainable Use of Marine Genetic Resources
    Commissioned by BLUE PAPER The Ocean Genome: Conservation and the Fair, Equitable and Sustainable Use of Marine Genetic Resources LEAD AUTHORS Robert Blasiak, Rachel Wynberg, Kirsten Grorud-Colvert and Siva Thambisetty CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS Narcisa M. Bandarra, Adelino V.M. Canário, Jessica da Silva, Carlos M. Duarte, Marcel Jaspars, Alex D. Rogers, Kerry Sink and Colette C.C. Wabnitz oceanpanel.org About the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy The High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy (Ocean Panel) is a unique initiative by 14 world leaders who are building momentum for a sustainable ocean economy in which effective protection, sustainable production and equitable prosperity go hand in hand. By enhancing humanity’s relationship with the ocean, bridging ocean health and wealth, working with diverse stakeholders and harnessing the latest knowledge, the Ocean Panel aims to facilitate a better, more resilient future for people and the planet. Established in September 2018, the Ocean Panel has been working with government, business, financial institutions, the science community and civil society to catalyse and scale bold, pragmatic solutions across policy, governance, technology and finance to ultimately develop an action agenda for transitioning to a sustainable ocean economy. Co-chaired by Norway and Palau, the Ocean Panel is the only ocean policy body made up of serving world leaders with the authority needed to trigger, amplify and accelerate action worldwide for ocean priorities. The Ocean Panel comprises members from Australia, Canada, Chile, Fiji, Ghana, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Namibia, Norway, Palau and Portugal and is supported by the UN Secretary-General's Special Envoy for the Ocean.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries
    MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND FISHERIES Balancing Ecosystem Sustainability and the Socio-Economics of Fisheries This Report Is Part Of The Ocean On The Edge Series Produced By The Aquarium Of The Pacific As Products Of Its National Conference—Ocean On The Edge: Top Ocean Issues, May 2009 2 MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND FISHERIES Ocean on the Edge: Top Ocean Issues Making Ocean Issues Come Alive for the Public The conference brought together leading marine scientists and engineers, policy-makers, film-makers, exhibit designers, informal science educators, journalists and communicators to develop a portfolio of models for communicating major ocean issues to the public. This report is one of a series of reports from that conference. The reports include: Coastal Hazards, Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries, Pollution in the Ocean, and Critical Condition: Ocean Health and Human Health. There is also a series of briefer reports on film-making, kiosk messaging design, and communicating science to the public. All reports are available at www.aquariumofpacific.org MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND FISHERIES 3 4 MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND FISHERIES Acknowledgements Support for the “Ocean on the Edge Confer- and Robert Stickney, PhD. Participants fluctu- ence: Top Ocean Issues” was provided by ated during the various workshop sessions. NOAA, the National Science Foundation, Corinne Monroe and Alexi Holford were Southern California Edison, SAVOR, the Long the rapporteurs. Contributors to this report Beach Convention Center, and the Aquarium who provided editorial comments were Mark of the Pacific. Helvey and Craig Heberer of NOAA and members of his staff. This report was facilitat- We are grateful to the Conference’s National ed by Corinne Monroe with assistance from Advisory Panel that provided valuable guid- Erica Noriega.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Functioning: a Consensus of Current Knowledge
    Ecological Monographs, 75(1), 2005, pp. 3±35 q 2005 by the Ecological Society of America ESA Report EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY ON ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: A CONSENSUS OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE D. U. HOOPER,1,16 F. S . C HAPIN, III,2 J. J. EWEL,3 A. HECTOR,4 P. I NCHAUSTI,5 S. LAVOREL,6 J. H. LAWTON,7 D. M. LODGE,8 M. LOREAU,9 S. NAEEM,10 B. SCHMID,4 H. SETAÈ LAÈ ,11 A. J. SYMSTAD,12 J. VANDERMEER,13 AND D. A. WARDLE14,15 1Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225 USA 2Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775 USA 3Institute of Paci®c Islands Forestry, Paci®c Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1151 Punchbowl Street, Room 323, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 USA 4Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 ZuÈrich, Switzerland 5CEBC-CNRS, 79360 Beauvoir-sur-Niort, France 6Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Universite J. Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France 7Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU, UK 8Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 369, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-0369 USA 9Laboratoire d'Ecologie, UMR 7625, Ecole Normale SupeÂrieure, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75230 Paris Cedex 05, France 10Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027 USA 11University of Helsinki, Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Niemenkatu 73, FIN-15140 Lahti, Finland 12U.S. Geological Survey, Mount Rushmore National Memorial, 13000 Highway 244, Keystone, South Dakota 57751 USA 13Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA 14Landcare Research, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Plant Species in Paddy Ecosystem in West Sumatra, Indonesia
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 18, Number 3, July 2017 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 1218-1225 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180346 Diversity of plant species in paddy ecosystem in West Sumatra, Indonesia ENIE TAURUSLINA AMARULLAH1,2,♥, TRIZELIA3, YAHERWANDI3, HASMIANDY HAMID3 1Food and Horticulture Plant Protection Office of West Sumatra. Complex Agriculture Office, Jl. Raya Padang-Indarung Km.8, Bandar Buat, Padang 25231, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Tel. +62-751-72701, Fax. +62-751-72702, ♥email: [email protected] 2 Universitas Andalas, Campus Limau Manih, Padang 24063, West Sumatra, Indonesia 3Departement of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas. Campus Limau Manih, Padang 24063, West Sumatra, Indonesia Manuscript received: 21 September 2016. Revision accepted: 25 July 2017. Abstract. Tauruslina EA, Trizelia, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2017. Diversity of plant species in paddy ecosystem in West Sumatra. Biodiversitas 18: 1218-1225. Community is a group of living things which have adjusted and inhabited a natural habitat. Characteristics of the community in an environment are its diversity. The diversity of the plants is a plant species that occupy an ecosystem. The research was aimed at determining species diversity, the dominance of plant species and summed dominance ratio (SDR) in paddy ecosystem. The plant samples were taken from the location of endemic areas of brown plant hopper in Tanjung Mutiara Subdistrict, Agam District West Sumatra. Sampling was done by using two methods, (i) survey methods with direct data collection; (ii) squares method, observation of sample plots in the field. The level of diversity of plant species was analyzed using diversity index of Shannon- Wiener (H’).
    [Show full text]
  • Sample Student Edition CHAPTER 6 for Review Purposes Only 2
    Sample Student Edition CHAPTER 6 For Review Purposes Only 2 BiologyMiller & Levine ogy Student Edition Sampler Biol Chapter 6 Communities and Ecosystem Dynamics Miller & Levine & Miller Chapter Opener/Case Study .......................................... 4 Lesson 6.1 Habitats, Niches, and Species Interactions .................... 6 Lesson 6.2 Succession .................................................................... 14 Lesson 6.3 Biodiversity, Ecosystems, and Resilience ..................... 18 Case Study Wrap-Up ................................................... .22 Study Guide .................................................................. 24 Performance-Based Assessment ................................. .26 Assessment ................................................................... 28 End-of-Course Assessment .......................................... 31 3 Communities and CHAPTER 6 Ecosystem Dynamics CASE STUDY 6.1 6.2 6.3 Habitats, Niches, and Succession Biodiversity, Ecosystems, How do species interactions shape Go Online to Species Interactions and Resilience access your digital course. ecosystems? VIDEO As dusk falls over Yellowstone National Park, elk emerge from dense woods to browse on ten- Beavers build dams that der willows along a stream. Suddenly, they freeze. An instant later, wolves dash from the forest, AUDIO shape river ecosystems. aiming for a kill. The elk react in the nick of time, bolting out of reach. This hunt, like most, has INTERACTIVITY failed. But those elk have been attacked here before. Will
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Biodiversity in the Ocean and Its Ecosystem Service
    Chapter 3 Biodiversity in the ocean and its ecosystem service In this chapter, functions of the ocean and the current status of the marine biodiversity at the global level and for water around Japan will be identified and summarized to provide prerequisites for preparation of the basic concepts for conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity. 1. What are the biodiversity and various fauna and flora. circulations occur there. Evaporation of water the ecosystem service? The blessings people can obtain from such from the ocean plays a major role in sustaining Ever since beginning of its primitive form, ecosystems where various organisms interact the atmosphere-to-land circulation of water. life has repeated adaptation, evolution and are called “ecosystem services.” They include Along with water, the ocean transports heat, extinction in response to various changes “provisioning services” of resources such as it mitigates drastic changes of the climate of environment on the Earth, to create the seafood and the genetic resources for medicine, through its interactions with the atmosphere, present diversity of as many as 30 million “regulating services” for stable climate and and maintains the temperature within the species4 and their associations. “Biodiversity” clean water, “cultural services” to provide acceptable range for occurrence and growth could be referred to as the “character” and recreational and mental benefits such as sea of organisms. The ocean is deeply involved in “interconnection” of life created through the bathing, and “supporting services” such as the weather around the world and the climate long history of evolution. Human being is one nutrient circulation and photosynthesis5.
    [Show full text]