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WRA Species Report Family: Clusiaceae Taxon: Clusia rosea Synonym: Clusia major auct. nonn. Common Name: copey autograph tree balsam apple pitch apple Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: HPWRA OrgData Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 9 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 n 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 y 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 y 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 y Print Date: 2/25/2013 Clusia rosea (Clusiaceae) Page 1 of 9 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 y 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 y 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, >3 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 y 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: H(HPWRA) WRA Score 9 Print Date: 2/25/2013 Clusia rosea (Clusiaceae) Page 2 of 9 Supporting Data: 101 1999. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Sohmer, S.H.. [Is the species highly domesticated? No evidence] Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition.. University of Hawai‘i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. 102 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2013. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - 2-High] Native: Program. Germplasm Resources Information NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- NatureServe Explorer database) bin/npgs/html/index.pl Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Florida Southern Mexico: Mexico - Chiapas SOUTHERN AMERICA Caribbean: Anguilla; Aruba; Bahamas; Cuba; Hispaniola; Jamaica; Netherlands Antilles; Puerto Rico; Trinidad and Tobago; Virgin Islands (British); Virgin Islands (U.S.) Mesoamerica: Belize; Costa Rica; Guatemala; Nicaragua; Panama Northern South America: French Guiana; Guyana; Suriname; Venezuela Western South America: Colombia; Ecuador - Los Rios [but identity of single specimen is tentative]" 202 2013. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- bin/npgs/html/index.pl 203 1988. Morton, J.F.. Pity the Pitch Apple- Treat it [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "The pitch apple is limited as a Spreading Tree. Proceedings of the Florida to tropical and subtropical climates. It is able to survive light frost and has State Horticultural Society. 101: 122-127. flourished as far north as Vero Beach in Florida (38)." 203 2008. Gargiullo, M.B./Magnuson, B.L/Kimball, [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "Habitat: Wet to L.D.. A Field Guide to Plants of Costa Rica. seasonally dry regions, often growing near shore." … "Altitude: Sea level to 1200 Oxford University Press US, New York, NY m, mostly on the Pacific slope." [Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, but mostly occurs at lower elevations] 204 1999. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Sohmer, S.H.. [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Native Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised to the West Indies and Florida" edition.. University of Hawai‘i Press and Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. 204 2013. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Native: Program. Germplasm Resources Information NORTHERN AMERICA (Check conservation status in U.S. & Canada in Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- NatureServe Explorer database) bin/npgs/html/index.pl Southeastern U.S.A.: United States - Florida Southern Mexico: Mexico - Chiapas SOUTHERN AMERICA Caribbean: Anguilla; Aruba; Bahamas; Cuba; Hispaniola; Jamaica; Netherlands Antilles; Puerto Rico; Trinidad and Tobago; Virgin Islands (British); Virgin Islands (U.S.) Mesoamerica: Belize; Costa Rica; Guatemala; Nicaragua; Panama Northern South America: French Guiana; Guyana; Suriname; Venezuela Western South America: Colombia; Ecuador - Los Rios [but identity of single specimen is tentative]" 205 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian range? Yes] "It is widely cultivated in the tropics and has also become naturalized." Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 205 2008. Gargiullo, M.B./Magnuson, B.L/Kimball, [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural L.D.. A Field Guide to Plants of Costa Rica. range? Yes] "Widely planted in tropical regions." Oxford University Press US, New York, NY 301 1999. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Sohmer, S.H.. [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "In Hawaii, cultivated as an ornamental, Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised now being spread by birds, which eat the seeds, and becoming naturalized in low edition.. University of Hawai‘i Press and Bishop elevation, disturbed areas, at least on Kauai, Oahu, and in Hilo and Kona, Hawaii." Museum Press, Honolulu, HI. Print Date: 2/25/2013 Clusia rosea (Clusiaceae) Page 3 of 9 301 2000. Oppenheimer, H.L./Bartlett, R.T.. New plant [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "This is a popular and widely planted records from Maui, O‘ahu, and the Hawai‘i ornamental tree. Wagner et al. (1999: 543) report it as becoming naturalized on Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 64: Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, and Hawai‘i. Now it is spreading and becoming established outside 1-10. of cultivation on Maui as well. Seedlings have also been observed, but not collected, at the foot of Kapilau Ridge, Wailuku District, West Maui, at 244–305 m, in secondary forest, and along roadcuts and as epiphytes on Ficus microcarpa in Honokahua, Lahaina District, at 12–24 m. Material examined: MAUI: West Maui, Lahaina District, Honokahua, near the intersection of Office Rd and Lower Honoa Pi‘ilani Rd, 24 m, beginning as an epiphyte 4 m high in Prosopis pallida, now rooted terrestrially, 11 Aug 1999, Oppenheimer H89914; 2 m tall shrub 79 m, epiphytic on Coccoloba uvifera, rooted terrestrially, 17 Aug 1999, Oppenheimer H89921; ‘Alaeloa, north of Ka‘öpala Gulch, 37 m, volunteer growing in rotting wooden table, 24 Aug 1999, Oppenheimer H89935; Honokahua, near intersection of Office Rd and Simpson Way, 67 m, mature fruiting trees in old pineapple field with Leucaena, Melia, Schefflera, Spathodea, 1 Sep 1999, Oppenheimer H99901; East Maui, Häna District, seedlings growing on roadcut along Häna Hwy between Ke‘anae and Honomanü, mature fruiting trees observed at Honomanü, 22 Aug 1999, Oppenheimer H89933." 301 2006. Daehler, C. C./Baker, R. F.. New Records [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "Although this is not a new record for of Naturalized and Naturalizing Plants Around O‘ahu, its status around Lyon Arboretum merits mention, as Wagner et al.
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