Darwin's Doubt the Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design By: Stephen C
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Autor: T-I Ij Ii 11 Iil U Li U Titel: H I] Il !J Band: I~ Ii Fj Ii [I S
;; ij Il 1I U it li ii H 13 u Autor: t-i ij ii 11 iil u li U Titel: H I] Il !J Band: I~ Ii fj iI [i s. 181 - 201. li 13 U li U It ii I,i Ii U t-i il il ii 11 il 11 li Il il lil U Ii il 1I l~ li Ii vörhanuen 1I 1,1 ti U n u 1I ii It 11 u I1 U li 1.1 it jj u ii u n 11 ii 11 H.l l,I II n il ii li ii ii U Ii U li 11 I] II !l !:! 1'1 I1 6 ?e> O$-15k~w'rl~1i. 180 T.A. Platonova& L. V. Kulangieva: Marine £noplido- ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Val. 3 @ Zoological Institute, Sl.Peter~ 1995 pharynx aod proposal of two new families. Zool. Tchesunov, A. V. 1991. On the slruclure of thc cephaJic Zhurn., 69(8): 5-17. (In Russian), culiclc in frcc-living ncmatodcsof thc famHy Linho- - Tchesunov, A.V. 1990b. Long-hairy Xyalida (Ncma- mocidae (Nemaloda. Chromadoria, Siphonolaimo- loda, Chromadoria, Monhystcrida) in thc Whitc ideaL Zoo!. Zhurn., 70(5): 21-27. (In RussianL The phylogeny and classification ofthe phylum Sca: ncw spccics, new combinations arid s~atusof Ih~ genus Trichotheristus. Zoo!. Zhurn., 69(10): 5-19. Reeei."ed 27 Mo)! /99J (In R!JssianL Cephalorhyncha A.V. Adrianov & V.V. Malakhov Adrianov, A.V. & Malakhoy, V. V. 1995. Thc phylogcny and c1assification of thc phylum Cephalorhyncha. Zoosystematica Rossica, 3(2),' 1994: 181-201. The phylum Ccphalorhyncha is a laxon including headproboscis worms: Priapulida, Loricifera, Kinorhyncha, Nematomorpha. -
British Columbia Geological Survey Geological Fieldwork 1990
GEOLOGY OF THE MOUNT BRUSSILOF MAGNESITE DEPOSIT, SOUTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA (825/12, 13) By George J. Simandl and Kirk D. Hancock KEYWOKLIS: Industrial minerals, rconomic geology. mag- nesitr. Cathedral Formation. Middle Cambrian. dolumitiz- tion, porosity. base metal association, deposit model. INTRODUCTION Magnesite (M&O,) is an induswial mineral that can bc converted into either caustic, fused or dead-burned magne- sia. Dead-burned magnesia is used mainly in the manufac- ture of refractory products; caustic magnesia is used in treatment of water, in animal feedstuffs, fertilizers. magne- sia cements, insulating boards and wood-pulp processing, in chemicals and pharmaceuticals and us a curing agent in rubber (Coope. 19X7). Magnesium metal is produced either from magnesite or from caustic mapnesia. In the short-term future. production of dead-burned mag- nesia is cxpectcd to remain constant. however, demand for caustic magnesia is increasing (Duncan, IYYO). With the increasing trend toward the use of high-perfomxmce “mag- carbon” refractories. future demand for fused magnesia looks promising. A number of magnesite deposits are known in British Columbia (Grzant, 19X7). the most important of these is the Mount Brussilof orebody. It is hosted by dolomites of the TECTONIC SETTING Middle Cambrian Cathedral Formation. The Mount Brussilof deposit is located in the Forekm3 rectonostratiEnlphic belt and within the “Kicking Horse HISTORY Rim”, as defined by Aitken (1971, 1989). It is situated east of a Cambrian bathymetric feature commonly referred to as The Mount Brussilof deposit was discovered during the Cathedral escarpment (Fritz. 1990: Aitken xnd regional mapping by the Geological Survey of Canada Mcllreath, 19X4, 1990). -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS PART OF VOLUME LIII CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY No. 1.—NOMENCLATURE OF SOME CAMBRfAN CORDILLERAN FORMATIONS BY CHARLES D. WALCOTT No. 1804 CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION April 18, 1908 CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY Xo. I.—NOMENCLATURE OF SOME CAMBRIAN CORDIL- LERAN FORMATIONS By CHARLES- D. WALCOTT In connection with the preparation of the section on the strati- g-raphic distribution of the Cambrian Brachiopoda for Monograph LI, of the L^. S. Geological Survey, I find that it is necessary to refer- to many undefined Cambrian formations of the Cordilleran area. The present paper is published for the information of geologists and for the purpose of properly defining and characterizing the forma- tions in question, as the first reference to these formations should be accompanied by more information than can" well be included in the pages of the monograph. CANADIAN ROCKY MOUNTAINS . Since reading, in 1886, j\Ir. R. G. McConnell's report of 18B5 on his section across the Rocky Mountains in the vicinity of the 51st parallel,^ I have had a strong desire to study the stratigraphy of the Cambrian portion of the section. It was not until the sununer of 1907 that the opportunity came. Accompanied by Mr. Lancaster D. Burling as field assistant, a study was made of the typical Castle ?^Iountain section of Mr. ]\IcConnell, the lower portion of the Mt. Stephen and Mt. Whyte sections, and the full section pi Mt. Bos- worth, on the Continental Divide, which proved to be the most complete. Except where otherwise stated, the sections were carefully meas- ured with rod and clinometer. -
Tabelliscolex (Cricocosmiidae: Palaeoscolecidomorpha) from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota, and the Evolution of Seriation in Ecdysozoa
Accepted Manuscript Journal of the Geological Society Tabelliscolex (Cricocosmiidae: Palaeoscolecidomorpha) from the early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota, and the evolution of seriation in Ecdysozoa Xiaomei Shi, Richard J. Howard, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Xianguang Hou & Xiaoya Ma DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2021-060 To access the most recent version of this article, please click the DOI URL in the line above. When citing this article please include the above DOI. This article is part of the Advances in the Cambrian Explosion collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/advances-cambrian-explosion Received 26 May 2021 Revised 2 August 2021 Accepted 7 August 2021 © 2021 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Published by The Geological Society of London. Publishing disclaimer: www.geolsoc.org.uk/pub_ethics Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5551565 Manuscript version: Accepted Manuscript This is a PDF of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting and correction before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Although reasonable efforts have been made to obtain all necessary permissions from third parties to include their copyrighted content within this article, their full citation and copyright line may not be present in this Accepted Manuscript version. Before using any content from this article, please refer to the Version of Record once published for full citation and copyright details, as permissions may be required. -
The Weeks Formation Konservat-Lagerstätte and the Evolutionary Transition of Cambrian Marine Life
Downloaded from http://jgs.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on October 1, 2021 Review focus Journal of the Geological Society Published Online First https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2018-042 The Weeks Formation Konservat-Lagerstätte and the evolutionary transition of Cambrian marine life Rudy Lerosey-Aubril1*, Robert R. Gaines2, Thomas A. Hegna3, Javier Ortega-Hernández4,5, Peter Van Roy6, Carlo Kier7 & Enrico Bonino7 1 Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia 2 Geology Department, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA 3 Department of Geology, Western Illinois University, 113 Tillman Hall, 1 University Circle, Macomb, IL 61455, USA 4 Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK 5 Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 6 Department of Geology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium 7 Back to the Past Museum, Carretera Cancún, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico R.L.-A., 0000-0003-2256-1872; R.R.G., 0000-0002-3713-5764; T.A.H., 0000-0001-9067-8787; J.O.-H., 0000-0002- 6801-7373 * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The Weeks Formation in Utah is the youngest (c. 499 Ma) and least studied Cambrian Lagerstätte of the western USA. It preserves a diverse, exceptionally preserved fauna that inhabited a relatively deep water environment at the offshore margin of a carbonate platform, resembling the setting of the underlying Wheeler and Marjum formations. However, the Weeks fauna differs significantly in composition from the other remarkable biotas of the Cambrian Series 3 of Utah, suggesting a significant Guzhangian faunal restructuring. -
The Palaeoscolecida and the Evolution of the Ecdysozoa Andrey Yu
The Palaeoscolecida and the evolution of the Ecdysozoa Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev1, José Antonio Gámez Vintaned2 and Eladio Liñán1 1Área y Museo de Paleontología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain 2Área de Paleontología, Departamento de Geologica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Univeristat de València, C/ Doctor Moliner, 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain Email: [email protected] AbstrAct rÉsUMÉ Palaeoscolecidans are a key group for understanding the ear- Les Paléoscolécides sont un groupe clé pour la compréhen- ly evolution of the Ecdysozoa. The Palaeoscolecida possess sion des débuts de l’évolution des Ecdysozoa. Les Pal- a terminal mouth and an anus, an invertible proboscis with aeoscolecida possèdent une bouche terminale et un anus, pointed scalids, a thick integument of diverse plates, sensory un proboscis inversible aux scalides pointues, un tégument papillae and caudal hooks. These are features that draw a épais de plaques diverses, des papilles sensorielles et des secret out of these worms, indicating palaeoscolecidan af- crochets caudaux. Ceux-ci sont des traits qui tirent un secret finities with the phylum Cephalorhyncha, which embraces de ces vers, ce qui indique des affinités paléoscolecides avec priapulids, kinorhynchs, loriciferans and nematomorphs. At le phylum des Cephalorhyncha qui inclut les priapulides, les the same time, the Palaeoscolecida share a number of char- kinorhynches, les loricifères et les nématomorphes. Cepen- acters with the lobopod-bearing Cambrian ecdysozoans, the dant, les Palaeoscolecida ont aussi quelques-uns des mêmes Xenusia. Xenusians commonly possess a terminal mouth, caractères que les Xenusia, ces écdysozaires cambriens qui a proboscis (although not retractable), and a thick integu- portaient des lobopodes. -
New Palaeoscolecidan Worms from the Lower Cambrian: Sirius Passet, Latham Shale and Kinzers Shale
New palaeoscolecidan worms from the Lower Cambrian: Sirius Passet, Latham Shale and Kinzers Shale SIMON CONWAY MORRIS and JOHN S. PEEL Conway Morris, S. and Peel, J.S. 2010. New palaeoscolecidan worms from the Lower Cambrian: Sirius Passet, Latham Shale and Kinzers Shale. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55 (1): 141–156. Palaeoscolecidan worms are an important component of many Lower Palaeozoic marine assemblages, with notable oc− currences in a number of Burgess Shale−type Fossil−Lagerstätten. In addition to material from the lower Cambrian Kinzers Formation and Latham Shale, we also describe two new palaeoscolecidan taxa from the lower Cambrian Sirius Passet Fossil−Lagerstätte of North Greenland: Chalazoscolex pharkus gen. et sp. nov and Xystoscolex boreogyrus gen. et sp. nov. These palaeoscolecidans appear to be the oldest known (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) soft−bodied examples, being somewhat older than the diverse assemblages from the Chengjiang Fossil−Lagerstätte of China. In the Sirius Passet taxa the body is composed of a spinose introvert (or proboscis), trunk with ornamentation that includes regions bearing cuticu− lar ridges and sclerites, and a caudal zone with prominent circles of sclerites. The taxa are evidently quite closely related; generic differentiation is based on degree of trunk ornamentation, details of introvert structure and nature of the caudal re− gion. The worms were probably infaunal or semi−epifaunal; gut contents suggest that at least X. boreogyrus may have preyed on the arthropod Isoxys. Comparison with other palaeoscolecidans is relatively straightforward in terms of compa− rable examples in other Burgess Shale−type occurrences, but is much more tenuous with respect to the important record of isolated sclerites. -
The Cambrian Explosion: How Much Bang for the Buck?
Essay Book Review The Cambrian Explosion: How Much Bang for the Buck? Ralph Stearley Ralph Stearley THE RISE OF ANIMALS: Evolution and Diversification of the Kingdom Animalia by Mikhail A. Fedonkin, James G. Gehling, Kathleen Grey, Guy M. Narbonne, and Patricia Vickers-Rich. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007. 327 pages; includes an atlas of Precambrian Metazoans, bibliography, index. Hardcover; $79.00. ISBN: 9780801886799. THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION: The Construction of Animal Bio- diversity by Douglas H. Erwin and James W. Valentine. Greenwood Village, CO: Roberts and Company, 2013. 406 pages; includes one appendix, references, index. Hardcover; $60.00. ISBN: 9781936221035. DARWIN’S DOUBT: The Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design by Stephen C. Meyer. New York: HarperCollins, 2013. 498 pages; includes bibliography and index. Hardcover; $28.99. ISBN: 9780062071477. y the time that Darwin published Later on, this dramatic appearance of B On the Origin of Species in 1859, complicated macroscopic fossils would the principle of biotic succession become known by the shorthand expres- had been well established and proven to sion “Cambrian explosion.” Because the be a powerful aid to correlating strata dispute between Sedgwick and Roderick and deciphering the history of Earth, to Murchisonontheboundarybetweenthe which the rock layers testified. However, Cambrian and Silurian systems had not for Darwin, there remained a major been fully resolved by 1859, Darwin con- issue regarding fossils for his compre- sidered these fossils “Silurian” (and thus hensive explanation for the history of for him, the issue would have been life. The problem was this: the base of labeled the “Silurian explosion”!). -
The Early History of the Metazoa—A Paleontologist's Viewpoint
ISSN 20790864, Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2015, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 415–461. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2015. Original Russian Text © A.Yu. Zhuravlev, 2014, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii, 2014, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 411–465. The Early History of the Metazoa—a Paleontologist’s Viewpoint A. Yu. Zhuravlev Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, per. Pyzhevsky 7, Moscow, 7119017 Russia email: [email protected] Received January 21, 2014 Abstract—Successful molecular biology, which led to the revision of fundamental views on the relationships and evolutionary pathways of major groups (“phyla”) of multicellular animals, has been much more appre ciated by paleontologists than by zoologists. This is not surprising, because it is the fossil record that provides evidence for the hypotheses of molecular biology. The fossil record suggests that the different “phyla” now united in the Ecdysozoa, which comprises arthropods, onychophorans, tardigrades, priapulids, and nemato morphs, include a number of transitional forms that became extinct in the early Palaeozoic. The morphology of these organisms agrees entirely with that of the hypothetical ancestral forms reconstructed based on onto genetic studies. No intermediates, even tentative ones, between arthropods and annelids are found in the fos sil record. The study of the earliest Deuterostomia, the only branch of the Bilateria agreed on by all biological disciplines, gives insight into their early evolutionary history, suggesting the existence of motile bilaterally symmetrical forms at the dawn of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms. Interpretation of the early history of the Lophotrochozoa is even more difficult because, in contrast to other bilaterians, their oldest fos sils are preserved only as mineralized skeletons. -
The Letters F and T Refer to Figures Or Tables Respectively
INDEX The letters f and t refer to figures or tables respectively "A" Marker, 312f, 313f Amherstberg Formation, 664f, 728f, 733,736f, Ashville Formation, 368f, 397, 400f, 412, 416, Abitibi River, 680,683, 706 741f, 765, 796 685 Acadian Orogeny, 686, 725, 727, 727f, 728, Amica-Bear Rock Formation, 544 Asiak Thrust Belt, 60, 82f 767, 771, 807 Amisk lowlands, 604 Askin Group, 259f Active Formation, 128f, 132f, 133, 139, 140f, ammolite see aragonite Assiniboia valley system, 393 145 Amsden Group, 244 Assiniboine Member, 412, 418 Adam Creek, Ont., 693,705f Amundsen Basin, 60, 69, 70f Assiniboine River, 44, 609, 637 Adam Till, 690f, 691, 6911,693 Amundsen Gulf, 476, 477, 478 Athabasca, Alta., 17,18,20f, 387,442,551,552 Adanac Mines, 339 ancestral North America miogeocline, 259f Athabasca Basin, 70f, 494 Adel Mountains, 415 Ancient Innuitian Margin, 51 Athabasca mobile zone see Athabasca Adel Mountains Volcanics, 455 Ancient Wall Complex, 184 polymetamorphic terrane Adirondack Dome, 714, 765 Anderdon Formation, 736f Athabasca oil sands see also oil and gas fields, Adirondack Inlier, 711 Anderdon Member, 664f 19, 21, 22, 386, 392, 507, 553, 606, 607 Adirondack Mountains, 719, 729,743 Anderson Basin, 50f, 52f, 359f, 360, 374, 381, Athabasca Plain, 617f Aftonian Interglacial, 773 382, 398, 399, 400, 401, 417, 477f, 478 Athabasca polymetamorphic terrane, 70f, Aguathuna Formation, 735f, 738f, 743 Anderson Member, 765 71-72,73 Aida Formation, 84,104, 614 Anderson Plain, 38, 106, 116, 122, 146, 325, Athabasca River, 15, 20f, 35, 43, 273f, 287f, Aklak -
Bedrock Geology of Alberta
Alberta Geological Survey Map 600 Legend Bedrock Geology of Alberta Southwestern Plains Southeastern Plains Central Plains Northwestern Plains Northeastern Plains NEOGENE (± PALEOGENE) NEOGENE ND DEL BONITA GRAVELS: pebble gravel with some cobbles; minor thin beds and lenses NH HAND HILLS FORMATION: gravel and sand, locally cemented into conglomerate; gravel of sand; pebbles consist primarily of quartzite and argillite with minor amounts of sandstone, composed of mainly quartzite and sandstone with minor amounts of chert, arkose, and coal; fluvial amygdaloidal basalt, and diabase; age poorly constrained; fluvial PALEOGENE PALEOGENE PALEOGENE (± NEOGENE) PALEOGENE (± NEOGENE) UPLAND GRAVEL: gravel composed of mainly white quartzite cobbles and pebbles with lesser amounts of UPLAND GRAVEL: gravel capping the Clear Hills, Halverson Ridge, and Caribou Mountains; predominantly .C CYPRESS HILLS FORMATION: gravel and sand, locally cemented to conglomerate; mainly quartzite .G .G and sandstone clasts with minor chert and quartz component; fluvial black chert pebbles; sand matrix; minor thin beds and lenses of sand; includes gravel in the Swan Hills area; white quartzite cobbles and pebbles with lesser amounts of black chert pebbles; quartzite boulders occur in the age poorly constrained; fluvial Clear Hills and Halverson Ridge gravels; sand matrix; ages poorly constrained; extents poorly defined; fluvial .PH PORCUPINE HILLS FORMATION: olive-brown mudstone interbedded with fine- to coarse-grained, .R RAVENSCRAG FORMATION: grey to buff mudstone -
Stephen Formation at Odaray Mountain, Canadian Rocky Mountains
Bradoriids from the middle Cambrian Självständigt arbete Nr 93 ‘thin’ Stephen Formation at Odaray Mountain, Canadian Rocky Mountains Hanna Andersson Bradoriids from the middle Cambrian ‘thin’ Stephen Formation at Odaray Mountain, Two new species of Cambrian bradoriid arthropods have been found in the ‘thin’ Stephen Formation, Odaray Mountain, Canada; Canadian Rocky Mountains the hipponicharionid Flumenoglacies michaeli n. sp. and the comptalutid Phasoia stephenensis n. sp. This paper includes the description and illustrations of these species as well as two undetermined species from the same locality. Phasoia stephenensis n. sp. is the first Phasoia reported from Laurentia and Flumenoglacies michaeli n. sp. belongs to the new genus Hanna Andersson Flumenoglacies recently described by Peel & Streng (in press) from Greenland. Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper Kandidatexamen i Geovetenskap, 180 hp Självständigt arbete i geovetenskap, 15 hp Tryckt hos Institutionen för geovetenskaper Geotryckeriet, Uppsala universitet, Uppsala, 2014. Självständigt arbete Nr 93 Bradoriids from the middle Cambrian ‘thin’ Stephen Formation at Odaray Mountain, Canadian Rocky Mountains Hanna Andersson Handledare: Michael Streng 1 Abstract Two new species of Cambrian bradoriid arthropods have been found in the ‘thin’ Stephen Formation, Odaray Mountain, Canada; the hipponicharionid Flumenoglacies michaeli n. sp. and the comptalutid Phasoia stephenensis n. sp. This paper includes the description and illustrations of these species as well as two undetermined species from the same locality. Phasoia stephenensis n. sp. is the first Phasoia reported from Laurentia and Flumenoglacies michaeli n. sp. belongs to the new genus Flumenoglacies recently described by Peel & Streng (in press) from Greenland. In the discussion previous reports of the genus Phasoia are ordered chronologically and a migration path from Gondwana to Laurentia is suggested.