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George Gurdjieff General Methods Controversy Open Spirit Lab France George Gurdjieff General "George Ivanovich Gurdjieff[3] (/ˈɡɜːrdʒiɛf/, Russian: Гео́ргий Ива́нович Гурджи́ев, Greek: Γεώργιος Γεωργιάδης, Armenian: Գեորգի Գյուրջիև; 31 March 1866/14 January 1872/28 November 1877 – 29 October 1949[4]) was a mystic, philosopher, spiritual teacher, and composer of Armenian and Greek descent, born in Alexandrapol (now Gyumri), Armenia.[5] Gurdjieff taught that most humans do not possess a unified consciousness and thus live their lives in a state of hypnotic "waking sleep", but that it is possible to awaken to a higher state of consciousness and achieve full human potential. Gurdjieff described a method attempting to do so, calling the discipline "The Work"[6] (connoting "work on oneself") or "the System". [7] According to his principles and instructions,[8] Gurdjieff's method for awakening one's consciousness unites the methods of the fakir, monk and yogi, and thus he referred to it as the " Fourth Way".[9]" (Source Wikipedia) Methods ""The Work" is in essence a training in the development of consciousness. Gurdjieff used a number of methods and materials, including meetings, music, movements (sacred dance), writings, lectures, and innovative forms of group and individual work. Part of the function of these various methods was to undermine and undo the ingrained habit patterns of the mind and bring about moments of insight. Since each individual has different requirements, Gurdjieff did not have a one-size-fits-all approach, and he adapted and innovated as circumstance required.[60] In Russia he was described as keeping his teaching confined to a small circle, [61] whereas in Paris and North America he gave numerous public demonstrations.[62] Gurdjieff felt that the traditional methods of self-knowledge—those of the fakir, monk, and yogi (acquired, respectively, through pain, devotion, and study)—were inadequate on their own and often led to various forms of stagnation and one-sidedness. His methods were designed to augment the traditional paths with the purpose of hastening the developmental process. He sometimes called these methods The Way of the Sly Man[63] because they constituted a sort of short-cut through a process of development that might otherwise carry on for years without substantive results. The teacher, possessing consciousness, sees the individual requirements of the disciple and sets tasks that he knows will result in a transformation of consciousness in that individual. Instructive historical parallels can be found in the annals of Zen Buddhism, where teachers employed a variety of methods (sometimes highly unorthodox) to bring about the arising of insight in the student." (Source Wikipedia) Controversy "Almost from the beginning of Gurdjieff's teaching mission in the West, he was surrounded by controversy, rumour and speculation. Critics, outside observers and even some of his own students questioned his intentions, credentials as a spiritual teacher, methods, traditional attitudes and beliefs, use of alcohol, sexual behavior and validity of the ideas he presented. Was he a genuine spiritual teacher or a charlatan, an ‘Emissary from Above’ or a ‘black magician’?" (Source G. Fourth Way) See also Responses on Wikipedia. Email: [email protected] Web: https://openspirit.net License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Page: 1 / 2 Open Spirit Lab France References 1. "The 86 Sayings of Mullah Nassr Eddin". 2. Josephson-Storm, Jason (2017). The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences. University of Chicago Press. p. 123. ISBN 0-226-40336-X. 3. The Gurdjieff Foundation New York 4. James Webb, The Harmonious Circle, Thames and Hudson 1980 pp. 25–6 provides a range of dates from 1872, 1873, 1874, 1877 to 1886. 5. http://www.cambridgescholars.com/download/sample/58952 Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Edited by Michael Pittman. G. I. Gurdjieff: 6. Ouspensky, P. D. (1977). In Search of the Miraculous. pp. 312–313. ISBN 0-15-644508-5. Schools of the fourth way exist for the needs of the work... But no matter what the fundamental aim of the work is... When the work is done the schools close. 7. Nott, C.S. (1961). Teachings of Gurdjieff: A Pupil's Journal: An Account of some Years with G.I. Gurdjieff and A.R. Orage in New York and at Fontainbleau-Avon. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and Henley. p. x. ISBN 0-7100-8937-6. 8. De Penafieu, Bruno (1997). Needleman, Jacob; Baker, George (eds.). Gurdjieff. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 214. ISBN 1-4411-1084-4. If I were to cease working... all these worlds would perish. 9. "Gurdjieff International Review". Gurdjieff.org. Retrieved 2014-03-02. 10. "Gurdjieff's teachings were transmitted through special conditions and through special forms leading to consciousness: Group Work, physical labor, crafts, ideas exchanges, arts, music, movement, dance, adventures in nature ... enabled the unrealized individual to transcend the mechanical, acted-upon self and ascend from mere personality to self-actualizing essence."Seekerbooks.comArchived 2008-06-20 at the Wayback Machine, Book review of Gary Lachman. In Search of the Miraculous: Genius in the Shadow of Gurdjieff. 11. P. D. Ouspensky (1949). In Search of the Miraculousm Chapter 1, 12. G.I. Gurdjieff (1963) Meetings with Remarkable Men, Chapter 11 13. See In Search of the Miraculous See also 1. Gurdjieff's Cosmology 2. Gurdjieff's teachings in practise Email: [email protected] Web: https://openspirit.net License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Page: 2 / 2.
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