The Herodian Family Tree
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The Family Tree of the Herodian Dynasty Siblings of Herod the Great Wives of Herod the Great LEGEND Male individuals Pheroras Phasael Salome I Herod the Great Mariamne I Mariamne II Malthace Cleopatra of Jerusalem Female individuals 68? – 5 BCE Before 73 – 40 BCE c. 65 BCE – 10 CE 73/74 – 4 BCE (Mariamne the Hasmonean) ? – ? (Malthace the Samaritan) ? – ? BCE Individuals without their own entry 54 – 29 BCE ? – 4 BCE Father: Simon Boethus (high priest) Father: ? References in ancient sources Tetrarch of Perea 20 – 5 BCE Governor of Jerusalem 47? – 41 BCE Toparch of Jabneh, Ashdod, & Phasaelis Governor of Galilee 47 – 41 BCE Mother: ? Mother: ? 4 BCE – 10 CE Father: Alexander of Judaea Father: ? Historical/literary details Tetrarch of Judaea 41 – 40 BCE Mother: Alexandra Maccabeus Siblings: ? Mother: ? Siblings: ? Father: An#pater the Idumaean Tetrarch of Galilee 41 – 40 BCE Paternal relationship Mother: Cypros Father: An#pater the Idumaean Siblings: Aristobulus III Siblings: ? Marriages and children: Father: An#pater the Idumaean Marriages and children: Siblings: Herod the Great, Salome I, Joseph, Mother: Cypros King of Judaea Herod the Great — Philip Maternal relationship Mother: Cypros Marriages and children: Herod the Great — Herod II Marriages and children: Phasael Siblings: Herod the Great, Phasael, Joseph, 40/39 BCE – 4 BCE Herod the Great — Alexander, Aristobulus Herod the Great — Archelaus, An1pas, Marital relationship Siblings: Herod the Great, Salome I, Joseph, Pheroras Josephus: JW 1.561 Josephus: JW 1.561, Ant 17.1.3 IV, Salampsio, Cypros II Olympias Marriages and children: Pheroras Father: An#pater the Idumaean Divorced by Herod in 4 BCE. Born and raised in Jerusalem. ? Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Mother: Cypros Josephus: JW 1.240, 1.342, 1.435; Ant 15.1-7; Josephus: JW 1.561, Ant Version 1.0 Unnamed slave girl Joseph (uncle) Siblings: Salome I, Phasael, Joseph, Pheroras etc. Died in Rome in 4 BCE. Copyright © 2017, Paul Davidson Sister of Mariamne I — Phasael III Costabarus — An#pater IV, Berenice I, Josephus: JW 1.181, 1.308, 2.99, etc. Mariamne was renowned for her beauty. Her http://isthatinthebible.wordpress.com unnamed daughter Marriages and children: Josephus: JW, Ant brother Aristobulus was appointed high The city Phasaelis was named by Herod the Alexas Helcias Doris — An1pater II Mariamne I — Aristobulus IV, Alexander, priest by Herod at her request, but was Great in his honour. Josephus: JW, Ant 15–17 Salampsio, Cypros II murdered by Herod a year later. Mariamne Strabo: Geography 16.2.46 Mariamne II — Herod II herself was executed by Herod in 29 BCE. Costabarus, the governor of Idumea under Malthace — Archelaus, An1pas, Olympias Herod, was eventually divorced by Salome Cleopatra of Jerusalem — Herod, Philip and executed for his disloyalty toward Pallas — Phasael II Herod and support for the Hasmoneans. Phaidra — Roxanne Elpis — Salome NT: Mt 2.1–22, Lk 1.5 Josephus: JW, Ant Tacitus: Histories 5.9.31, 5.11.38 Cassius Dio: Roman History 49.23.6 Strabo: Geography 16.2.46 Children of Herod the Great Antipas (Herod Antipater) Berenice I Antipater II Aristobulus IV Alexander Salampsio Cypros II Herod II Archelaus Before 20 BCE – a!er 39 CE Olympias Philip Glaphyra (Herod Archelaus) (Glaphyra of Cappadocia) c. 35 BCE – ? c. 46 – 4 BCE 37 – 7 BCE 35 – 7 BCE c. 33 BCE – ? ? – ? 24 BCE – c. 33 CE Tetrarch of Galilee & Perea c. 17 BCE – ? 20 BCE – c. 34 CE 23 BCE – c. 18 CE 4 BCE – 39 CE c. 35 BCE – c. 6 CE Father: Costabarus Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Father: Herod the Great Tetrarch of Batanea, Iturea, Gaulanitis, Ethnarch of Judea, Samaria, & Idumea Father: Archelaus of Cappadocia Mother: Salome I Mother: Doris Mother: Mariamne I Mother: Mariamne I Mother: Mariamne I Mother: Mariamne I Mother: Mariamne II Father: Herod the Great Mother: Malthace Trachonitis, & Auranitis 4 BCE – 34 CE Siblings: An#pater IV Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Siblings: (see Herod the Great) 4 BCE – 6 CE Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Mother: Unknown Armenian princess Mother: Malthace Siblings: – Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Father: Herod the Great Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Father: Herod the Great Marriages and children: Mother: Cleopatra of Jerusalem Marriages and children: Aristobulus IV — Mariamne III, Herod V, Mariamne III — Phasael IV Berenice I — Mariamne III, Herod V, Princess Glaphyra — Tigranes, Alexander Phasael III — An#pater, Herod, Alexander, AnCpater IV — Unnamed son, Unnamed Herodias — Salome (II) Mother: Malthace Joseph II — Mariamne V Marriages and children: Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Alexander — Tigranes, Alexander Herodias, Agrippa I, Aristobulus Minor Unnamed daughter of AnCgonus the Herodias, Agrippa I, Aristobulus Minor Alexandra, Cypros III daughter Siblings: (see Herod the Great) Phasaelis of Nabatea Josephus: Ant Josephus: Ant Juba II of Mauritania Theudon (brother of Doris) Hasmonean Herodias Josephus: JW 1.561 Marriages and children: Josephus: Ant 16.11 Executed in 7 BCE. Josephus: Ant 18.130 Josephus: Ant 18.5.4 His wife, Herodias his niece, divorced him to Archelaus Marriages and children: Married her cousin Joseph II, son of Joseph Salome (II) Josephus: Ant 16.2 Josephus: JW 1.561 Married his cousin Berenice. Executed in 7 Married her cousin Phasael. Married her cousin Antipater IV. marry his brother Antipas. Mariamne (possibly Mariamne III) NT: Mk 6.14–29, Mt 14.1–12, Lk 3.1, 19–20, Herod’s brother. Josephus: JW 1.552, 2.115 Strabo: Geography 16.2.46 Exiled c. 40 CE upon his mother’s divorce. BCE. Princess Glaphyra 9.7–9, 23.7–12, 15, Acts 4.27, 13.1 NT: Mk 6.17, Mt 14.3, Lk 3.1 Glaphyra was a princess, the daughter of the Cassius Dio: RH 65.15.3 Recalled in 29 BCE. Executed in 4 BCE. Josephus: JW 2.181-183, Ant 18, etc. Josephus: JW 2.1-117, 167-68, 181; Ant NT: Mt 2.22 king of Cappadocia. She apparently died Married her cousin Aristobulus IV. Her Nicolaus: FGrH 90, 136.8-11 17.23-30, 18.27-28, 106-108, 20.137, etc. Josephus: JW, Ant soon a"er marrying Archelaus, shortly second husband, Theudon, was also Tacitus: Histories 5.9 Philo: Legatio 326 Strabo: Geography 16.2.46 before he was deposed. executed for conspiring against Herod. Strabo: Geography 16.2.46 Mistakenly referred to as the ex-husband of Philo: Legatio Philo: Legatio 299-305 Herodias in Mk 6.17 and Mt 14.3. Was Deposed by the Romans in 6 CE and Antipas is called “king Herod” in Mark, more actually married to Salome, daughter of his banished to Gaul. correctly “Herod the tetrarch” in Matthew sister-in-law and niece Herodias. and Luke. Antipas was exiled to Gaul in 39 by Emperor Caligula, and had his territory given to Agrippa I. Mariamne III Herodias Agrippa I Cypros III Herod V Mariamne V Tigranes c. 12 BCE – ? c. 14 BCE – ? (Marcus Julius Agrippa) ? – ? (Herod of Chalcis) 1 – ? (Tigranes IV of Armenia) 11 BCE – 44 CE c. 9 BCE – 48 CE ? – 36 CE Father: Aristobulus IV Father: Aristobulus IV Father: Phasael III Father: Joseph II Mother: Berenice I Mother: Berenice I Governor of Batanaea & Trachonitis Mother: Salampsio King of Chalcis 41 – 48 Mother: Olympias King of Armenia 10? – 13? Siblings: Herod V, Herodias, Agrippa I, Siblings: Mariamne III, Herod V, Agrippa I, 37 – 44 Siblings: An#pater, Herod, Alexander, Siblings: ? Father: Aristobulus IV Father: Alexander Aristobulus Minor Aristobulus Minor Alexandra Tetrarch of Abilene 37 – 44 Mother: Berenice I Mother: Princess Glaphyra Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Marriages and children: Siblings: Mariamne III, Agrippa I, Herodias, Marriages and children: Siblings: Alexander Tetrarch of Iturea & Paneas 39 – 44 Aristobulus Minor AnFpater II — Phasael IV Herod II — Salome II Agrippa I — Agrippa II, Drusus, Berenice II, Herod V — Aristobulus of Chalcis Josephus: JW 1.552, 2.222; Ant 18.139-40 AnFpas — ? King of Judea 41 – 44 Mariamne IV, Drusilla Marriages and children: Tacitus: Annals 6.40 Josephus: Ant Josephus: Ant 18.134, JW 2.221f. Mariamne V — Aristobulus of Chalcis Historical data on how long Tigranes ruled Married her uncle Antipater II. Josephus: Ant 18.109-12, 136, 147-48, 240ff.; Josephus: Ant 18.130 Married her cousin Herod V, king of Chalcis. Father: Aristobulus IV Berenice II — Berenicianus, Hyrcanus Armenia is sketchy. He was apparently made JW 1.552 Mother: Berenice I Married her cousin king Agrippa I. Her father, Joseph, was the son of Joseph the king of Armenia by Augustus. It’s uncertain Divorced Herod, one of the sons of King Siblings: Mariamne III, Herod V, Herodias, Josephus: Ant 18.130ff, 20.15, 20.100-104; brother of Herod the Great. whether he was actually named Tigranes or Herod, to marry Antipas on the condition Aristobulus Minor JW 2.221 assumed it as a dynastic name. that he divorce his Nabatean wife Phasaelis. Received the right to appoint the high priest She accompanied Antipas when he went Marriages and children: of Jerusalem a"er Agrippa I’s death. Married into exile. Cypros III — Agrippa II, Drusus, Berenice II, his niece Berenice II a"er the death of his Mariamne IV, Drusilla first wife and cousin Mariamne V. NT: Acts 12.1–23 Josephus: Ant 19.343-361, etc. Cassius Dio: RH 59.8.2, 65.15.3 Tacitus: Annals 12.23 Philo: Legatio Referred to as “king Herod” in Acts.