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The Romans in the Mediterranean

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The Romans in the Mediterranean di Marzia Luzzini CLIL Formatrice The Romans in the Mediterranean TRAGUARDI PER LO SVILUPPO DELLE COMPETENZE L’alunno: comprende messaggi verbali orali e semplici testi descrittivi, chiede spiegazioni (Lingua Inglese); usa la linea del tempo per collocare un fatto (Storia). OBIEttIVI DI APPRENDIMENTO Conoscere gli aspetti fondamentali degli antichi Romani. OBIEttIVI DISCIPLINARI CONTENT OUTCOMINGS (STORIA) Elaborare in forma orale e scritta gli argomenti studiati. OBIEttIVI LINGUISTICI / LANGUAGE OUTCOMINGS Leggere, comprendere un semplice testo scritto e ricavarne informazioni. TEAchers’aims Accrescere la motivazione all’apprendimento di altre discipline attraverso la L2. LEARNING OUTCOMES Students will be able to: rebuild with pictures and information the Roman timeline; learning about the spread of the Roman Empire. PEAK ENGL WE S ISH www.gulliverscuola.eu, area riservata scarica i file audio dei testi in L2 Approfondimenti teorico-pratici sulla metodologia CLIL disponibili su www.mygulliver.it ! NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 3 warm up Where is it? 4 Where is the Mediterranean Sea on the map? Rivolgiamo tale domanda agli alunni mostrando una carta geografica con il bacino del Mediterraneo o, avendone la pos- sibilità, attraverso un’immagine Google Earth. Anton Balazh © Fotolia Ancient civilizations Ricorrendo a una carta geo-storica, agli alunni chiediamo di nominare le civiltà che si sono sviluppate intorno al bacino del Mediterraneo, accettando risposte anche in italiano che poi riformuliamo oralmente in inglese: the Romans, the Egyp- tians, the Greeks… main activities Roman history Ai ragazzi consegniamo, uno alla volta, la copia di alcuni brani con i quali ricostruire alcune tappe della storia di Roma, dalle origini allo sviluppo espansionistico. Dopo una nostra prima lettura, a turno invitiamo gli alunni a leggerli a voce alta, per poi far individuare e sottolineare le parole chiave utili per la comprensione. 4 NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 The Roman origin It is supposed that Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus and Remus, two foundlings who had been reared by a she- wolf. Javarman © Fotolia The Italic peninsula at the time, was populated in the north by the wild Celtic tribes and in the middle by the Etruscans. From a village to a big Empire Slowly and tenaciously, the Romans extended their authority from city to city along the Italian peninsular, forming a strong federation, with an ever powerful army to keep law and order. The Phoenicians By that time, the Greeks had lost control of their colonies in southern Italy to the Phoenicians, who had gained control of most of the Mediterranean. But Rome was growing to be a force to be contended with and soon a great rivalry developed between Rome and Carthage. The Punic Wars The Punic Wars were fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC. Carthage was a large City located on the coast of North Africa. Three major parts of the Punic wars There were three major parts of the Punic wars and they were fought over the course of more than 100 years: – The First Punic War (264 – 241 BC) was fought largely over the island of Sicily. Carthage had much stronger navy than Rome. However, Rome quickly built up a large navy of over 100 ships and soon dominated Carthage and won the war. – In the Second Punic War (218 – 201 BC) Carthage had more success fighting against the Roman legions. The Carthage leader and general, Hannibal, made a daring crossing of the Alps with a large number of elephants to attack Rome and northern Italy. Hannibal was a brilliant general but wasn’t able to conquer the city of Rome. When Rome counterattacked Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat. The final battle in this war was the Battle of Zama where the Roman general Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal. – In the Third Punic War (149 - 146 BC) Rome attacked the city of Carthage. After three years the Roman army broke through the walls and burned it to the ground. The Romans became sailors The Romans, not at all a maritime nation, copied the Phoenician ships and built many to contrast the enemies’ navy. They conquered Sicily in 241 BC and then Carthage itself in 146 BC, becoming the new dominators of the Mediterranean Sea. They called the Mediterranean Sea “Mare Nostrum”, which means “our sea”. NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 5 The roman navy Ricorrendo all’osservazione di illustrazioni – mandate possibilmente in videoproiezione – sollecitiamo gli alunni a descri- vere le navi da guerra dell’esercito romano e, di volta in volta, riformuliamo in inglese i loro interventi. © Wikipedia storiaromana.blogspot.com Mentre leggiamo a voce alta i due testi storiografici, sulle immagini mostriamo gli elementi che via via nominiamo. The Triremes The trireme derives its name from its three rows of oars on each side, manned with one man per oar. These war-ships (naves longae) rarely had more than a single sail. The speed of the warship was dependent on how fast were the rowers. They rowed according to the speed of the beat of a drum. The triremes, used by the early Roman navy, were made of softwoods such as pine.The triremes required 170 rowers and 10-15 sailors. Rome also invented the corvus, a type of assault bridge that allowed Rome’s superior soldiers to board enemy navy vessels. The Quinqueremes The Roman Navy with its small fleet of Triremes were totally ineffective when the First Punic. The Senate determined to build a fleet of larger vessels. A Carthaginian quinquereme, which had been wrecked upon the coast of Italy, served as a model. In the short space of sixty days from the time 130 ships were launched. 6 NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 Boarding Techniques Every ship was provided with a boarding-bridge which was pulled up by a rope and fastened in the fore part of the ship. The enimies’ ships were rapidly seized by the boarding-bridges. La scheda n. 1 permette di verificare l’acquisizione del lessico e la comprensione globale degli argomenti. The Roman Empire The Roman Empire controlled all the shores of the Mediterranean, to north to England (Britannia) and up to the Rhine river in Germany and east to Hungary, including Rumania, Turkey and all the Near East. The present Turkish Aegean coast was an important Roman province. The end of the Empire The splendour of the Roman Empire lasted several centuries, until around 400 AD, when hoards of invaders descended from the north, the Goths and the Vandals and the Huns from Asia, lead by Attic, wreaking terror and devastation. The Empire was finished, with the destitution of the last emperor in 476 AD. extension activities The roman navy rules the Mediterranean sea Agli alunni forniamo alcune informazioni sull’espansione navale romana nel Mediterraneo e anche qualche curiosità sulle diverse tipologie di imbarcazioni. The wealth of Rome enabled the growth of the Roman Navy. With their big fleet of quinquiremes they ruled the Mediterranean. By the time of Julius Caesar the Roman Navy had added other types of ships: – the naves actuariae were small, fast and light, ideal for quick missions; – the onerariae naves were broader and used to transport troops. The Ancient Romans fought many battles and wars in order to expand and protect their empire. Utilizzando la scheda n. 2, ai ragazzi proponiamo gruppi di ricerca su una pluralità di ulteriori argomenti inerenti alla civiltà romana. NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 7 SCHEDA n. 1 LEGEND AND HISTORY • Look at the pictures and match with the proper description. Roman legend says that Romulus had a twin brother called Re- mus. As babies they were abandoned in the area which later be- came Rome. A she-wolf found and raised them, but when they grew up, Ro- mulus fought and killed Remus and became the first ruler of Rome. During battle, a Roman soldier or legionary first hurled his spear at the enemy, then he fought him with his sword. To protect him- self, he carried a wooden shield and wore a metal helmet and armour. The Roman Empire controlled all the shores of the Mediterrane- an, stretched north to England and up to the Rhine river in Ger- many and east to Hungary, including Rumania, Turkey and all the Near East. The Romans believed in gods and goddesses who ruled over dif- ferent areas of life. For example, Neptune was the god of the oce- an, and they prayed to him to protect them at sea. Abilità: comprende in modo globale un argomento noto. 8 NUOVO NEWS n. 174 gennaio 2016 SCHEDA n. 2 FACTS ABOUT THE ROMANS • Look at the picture, read the information and fill the gaps with the missing word. emperor – republic – word – group – fighters – animals – empire – army – fashion – social – ancient – rights – oil – hands The word senate was derived from Latin ………”Senex” which means old man. Senate means a …………… of old men. Roman senate was an executive assembly or a governing body. The senate Gladiators were …….. They fought against each other, condemned criminals and wild during the time of Roman Republic and Roman Empire. The gladiators The Romans built such a huge ……….. and conquered new lands, thanks to their strong …….. They became great sailors too, to defend the Mediterranean The Empire Romans paid special attention to their clothing and wealthy Romans followed …….. trends. The clothes depicted the ………… status of the man wearing them. Roman clothing Women were accorded an important place in ………… Roman society. They enjoyed and shared almost equal ………….with Roman men. Roman women Romans normally used the traditional Mediterranean food with olive …….. , barley and wine. The Romans liked to enjoy their food, often lying down on a couch while eating with their ………..
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