DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 8: the Rise of Rome

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 8: the Rise of Rome 254-257 UO3-824133 4/3/04 4:07 PM Page 254 New Empires and New Faiths Each civilization that you will study in this unit made important contributions to history. • The Romans invented concrete and used the arch in building. • The Christians helped shape the West’s religious beliefs. • The Muslims spread the religion of Islam and invented algebra. 500 B..C.. 100 100 B..C.. AncientAncient 509 B.C. 312 B.C. 146 B.C. 44 B.C. RomeRome Rome Romans Rome Julius Caesar becomes a build destroys is killed Cha 9 pters 8 & republic the Carthage Appian Wall painting of a young couple of Way ancient Rome Rise of Rise of c. A.D.30 c. A.D. 100 ChristianityChristianity Jesus preaches Churches founded Chapter 10 in Galilee and throughout Roman Judaea world St. Matthew IslamicIslamic Civilization Chapter 11 Islamic prayer rug 254 (l)Cott Nero DIV f.25v Portrait of St. Matthew/British Library, London/Bridgeman Art Library, (tr)Scala/Art Resource, NY, (br)Ancient Art & Architecture Collection 254-257 UO3-824133 8/3/04 5:29 PM Page 255 N 0° 30°E 0° 30°E N W E Chapters 8 & 9 S W E Chapter 10 Chapter 11 S 60°N 60°N 60°N EUROPE EUROPE Caspian Caspian Sea Caspian Sea EUROPE Sea Black Sea Black Sea Black Sea T T T i i i g g g r r r E i E i E i up s up s up s h R h R h R . ra . ra . ra . R t t t e e e s 30°N s 30°N s 30°N s u R R R d . n . I . Persian . AFRICA R Persian AFRICA R Gulf AFRICA R e e e l l l Red i i i Gulf Persian N N N Sea Gulf Red Red Sea Sea 60°E 0°N 0° 0°N Chapters Chapter Chapter 8 & 9 10 11 0 1,000 mi. 11 0 1,000 km 0° 30°E Mercator projection A..D.. 300300 A..D.700.700 A..D.. 1100 1100 A.D.476 A.D.534 Western Justinian Roman reforms Gladiators Empire Roman law in battle ends A.D.392 A.D. 1054 Christianity Eastern Orthodox becomes Rome’s and Roman official religion Catholic Churches separate Church of Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”) A.D.624 c. A.D.830 c. A.D.1200 Muhammad Baghdad reaches its Muslim rule founds Islamic height as center of reaches to state in Arabia Islamic learning northern India Mosque in Baghdad (t)Pierre Belzeaux/Photo Researchers, (c)Brian Lawrence/SuperStock, (l)Nik Wheeler 254-257 UO3-824133 3/29/04 6:39 PM Page 256 EUROPE 1 1 Roman aqueduct 2 3 Mediterranean Sea See Ancient Rome Chapters 8 & 9 4 2 Roman Pantheon AFRICA See Ancient Rome Chapters 8 & 9 c. 6 B.C.–A.D.30 63 B.C.–A.D.14 Crucifixion led to rise of c. A.D. 10–65 c. A.D. 280–337 Roman emperor Christianity Christian thinker Roman emperor Chapter 8, page 289 Chapter 10, page 346 Chapter 10, page 349 Chapter 9, page 321 256 256–257 ©Worldsat International Inc. 2004, All Rights Reserved, (t)Ric Ergenbright, (c)Sean Sexton Collection/CORBIS, (bl)Robert Emmett Bright/Photo Researchers, (bcl)Scala/Art Resource, NY, (bcr)Danita Delimont/Ancient Art & Architecture Collection, (br)Werner Forman/Art Resource, NY 254-257 UO3-824133 3/29/04 6:59 PM Page 257 3 Hagia Sophia ASIA See Ancient Rome Chapters 8 & 9 4 Mount of the Beatitudes See Rise of Christianity Chapter 10 5 Kaaba 5 Arabian See Islamic Civilization Sea Chapter 11 c. A.D. 570–632 A.D. 354–430 Muslims believe Allah A.D. 1048–1131 Christian C. A.D. 500–548 dictated the Quran to Islamic poet philosopher Byzantine empress Muhammad and philosopher Chapter 10, page 357 Chapter 9, page 331 Chapter 11, page 376 Chapter 11, page 392 257 (t to b)Brian Lawrence/SuperStock, Richard T. Nowitz/CORBIS, Nabeel Turner/Getty Images, (l to r)Scala/Art Resource, NY, Scala/Art Resource, NY, Earl & Nazima Kowall/CORBIS, Bettmann/CORBIS 258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 3/22/04 1:58 PM Page 258 The 258–259 Roy Rainford/Robert Harding/Getty Images Rise of Rome Ruins of the Forum in Rome, Italy 500 B..C.. 300 300 B..C.. 100 100 B..C.. A..DD.. 100100 451 B.C. 267 B.C. 27 B.C. A.D. 96 Romans Rome controls Octavian Rule of the adopt the most of Italy becomes Rome’s Good Emperors Twelve Tables first emperor begins 258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 3/22/04 2:01 PM Page 259 Chapter Overview Visit Chapter Preview jat.glencoe.com for a preview While the Chinese civilization arose in East Asia, the of Chapter 8. Romans created an empire that covered much of the Mediterranean world. Read this chapter to discover how the Romans were able to win control of such a large area. View the Chapter 8 video in the World History: Journey Across Time Video Program. Rome’s Beginnings The civilization of Rome began in Italy. Rome grew from a small city into an economic and military power. The Roman Republic Rome was a republic for almost 500 years. During this time, it gradually expanded the right to vote. After many years of war and following the destruction of the Carthaginian Empire, Rome took control of the Mediterranean region. The Fall of the Republic As Rome’s territory grew, the army gained political power. The Roman Republic, weakened by civil wars, gave way to the Roman Empire. The Early Empire Augustus and many of his successors governed well. Rome’s empire grew larger and wealthier. Know-Want-Learn Make this foldable to help you organize what you know, what you want to know, and what you learn about the rise of Rome. Step 1 Fold four sheets of paper Step 3 Place the folded papers one Reading and Writing in half from top to bottom. on top of the other. Staple the four Before reading the sections together and label the top chapter, write what you four tabs: Rome’s Beginnings,The already know about the Roman Republic,The Fall of the beginning of Rome, the Republic, and The Early Empire. rise and fall of its republic, and the early Roman Empire under the Staple here. Rome’s Step 2 On each folded paper, make a Beginnings tabs of your foldable. cut 1 inch from the side on the top flap. Also write one question you have on each tab. As Cut 1 inch from you read, summarize the edge through the what you learn under top flap only. each tab. 259 258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 3/22/04 2:03 PM Page 260 Taking Notes Note Taking Did you know that when you take notes, you remember more than three-fourths of the information you recorded? That is why it is important to learn to take careful notes as you are reading. Read this paragraph from Section 3. Trouble in the Republic Rome’s armies were victorious wher- ever they went. Yet problems were build- ing at home. Dishonest officials stole money, and the gap between rich and poor was growing. Thousands of farmers faced ruin, and the cities were becoming over- crowded and dangerous. —from page 278 Here is one method of note taking for the Authors of textbooks above paragraph. help with note taking by giving you headings and subheadings. If you Main Topic Important Details are not sure of the main Republic’s Problems 1. dishonest officials topic, it is a safe bet 2. gap between rich that headings in bold and poor are important. 3. farmers faced ruin 4. cities overcrowded 260 258-261 Ch8 CO-824133 3/24/04 1:47 AM Page 261 Make a T-Chart Read to Write On page 273, read about Read the first few pages of Section 2 and Rome’s first code of use this T-chart as a guide to help you practice laws, the Twelve Tables. taking notes. Come up with your own 12 Tables of School Law, and explain why Main Topic Important Details each one should be used to govern the Rome’s government 1. students in your school. 2. Social groups in Rome 1. 2. Roman law 1. 2. As you read Section 1, write the names of important people or places on the left column of your note-taking paper. On the right side, list details from your reading. 261 Ronald Sheridan/Ancient Art & Architecture Collection 262-267 CH 8 S1-824133 3/22/04 2:14 PM Page 262 Rome’s Beginnings What’s the Connection? Meeting People In previous chapters, you learned Romulus (RAHM•yuh•luhs) about the civilization of ancient and Remus (REE•muhs) Greece. Greek ways did not die with Aeneas (ih•NEE•uhs) the end of Greece’s freedom. They Latins (LA•tuhnz) were adopted and spread widely by Etruscans (ih•TRUHS•kuhnz) another civilization, Rome. Tarquins (TAHR•kwihnz) Focusing on the Building Your Vocabulary • Geography played an important role republic (rih•PUH•blihk) in the rise of Roman civilization. legion (LEE•juhn) (page 263) • The Romans created a republic and Reading Strategy conquered Italy. By treating people Summarizing Information Use a fairly, they built Rome from a small diagram like the one below to show city into a great power. (page 265) how the Etruscans affected the development of Rome. Locating Places Sicily (SIH•suh•lee) Apennines (A•puh•NYNZ) Etruscans Latium (LAY•shee•uhm) Tiber River (TY•buhr) Etruria (ih•TRUR•ee•uh) 650 B..C.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stories of Ancient Rome Unit 4 Reader Skills Strand Grade 3
    Grade 3 Core Knowledge Language Arts® • Skills Strand Ancient Rome Ancient Stories of of Stories Unit 4 Reader 4 Unit Stories of Ancient Rome Unit 4 Reader Skills Strand GraDE 3 Core Knowledge Language Arts® Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Copyright © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org All Rights Reserved. Core Knowledge Language Arts, Listening & Learning, and Tell It Again! are trademarks of the Core Knowledge Foundation. Trademarks and trade names are shown in this book strictly for illustrative and educational purposes and are the property of their respective owners.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
    The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century.
    [Show full text]
  • WHY JULIAN BELIEVED CORRECT WORSHIP of the GODS COULD SAVE the ROMAN EMPIRE from CHAOS a Thesis Presented to the Faculty Of
    WHY JULIAN BELIEVED CORRECT WORSHIP OF THE GODS COULD SAVE THE ROMAN EMPIRE FROM CHAOS A Thesis Presented to the faculty of the Department of Humanities and Religious Studies California State University, Sacramento Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Humanities by Alejandra Meléndez-Silva SPRING 2020 WHY JULIAN BELIEVED CORRECT WORSHIP OF THE GODS COULD SAVE THE ROMAN EMPIRE FROM CHAOS A Thesis by Alejandra Meléndez-Silva Approved by: _________________________________, Committee Chair Dr. Jeffrey Brodd _________________________________, Second Reader Dr. Bradley Nystrom __________________ Date ii Student: Alejandra Meléndez-Silva I certify that this student has met the requirements for format contained in the University format manual, and this thesis is suitable for electronic submission to the library and credit is to be awarded for the thesis. ___________________________, Graduate Coordinator _____________________ Dr. Harvey Stark Date Department of Humanities and Religious Studies iii Abstract of WHY JULIAN BELIEVED CORRECT WORSHIP OF THE GODS COULD SAVE THE ROMAN EMPIRE FROM CHAOS by Alejandra Meléndez-Silva The Roman emperor Julian is famously remembered for being Rome’s last pagan emperor and he has been vilified for his dislike of Christianity. Sufficient analysis of Julian’s own perspective reveals a complex individual who does not conform with the simplified caricature of Julian “the Apostate” who was focused on assailing Christianity. His aversion to the Christians was mainly motivated by the fact that they refused to participate in the state cult. This thesis will explore the relationship between properly honoring the gods and state health, its origins, and why it was essential to sacrifice to the gods.
    [Show full text]
  • Book I. Title XXVII. Concerning the Office of the Praetor Prefect Of
    Book I. Title XXVII. Concerning the office of the Praetor Prefect of Africa and concerning the whole organization of that diocese. (De officio praefecti praetorio Africae et de omni eiusdem dioeceseos statu.) Headnote. Preliminary. For a better understanding of the following chapters in the Code, a brief outline of the organization of the Roman Empire may be given, but historical works will have to be consulted for greater details. The organization as contemplated in the Code was the one initiated by Diocletian and Constantine the Great in the latter part of the third and the beginning of the fourth century of the Christian era, and little need be said about the time previous to that. During the Republican period, Rome was governed mainly by two consuls, tow or more praetors (C. 1.39 and note), quaestors (financial officers and not to be confused with the imperial quaestor of the later period, mentioned at C. 1.30), aediles and a prefect of food supply. The provinces were governed by ex-consuls and ex- praetors sent to them by the Senate, and these governors, so sent, had their retinue of course. After the empire was established, the provinces were, for a time, divided into senatorial and imperial, the later consisting mainly of those in which an army was required. The senate continued to send out ex-consuls and ex-praetors, all called proconsuls, into the senatorial provinces. The proconsul was accompanied by a quaestor, who was a financial officer, and looked after the collection of the revenue, but who seems to have been largely subservient to the proconsul.
    [Show full text]
  • RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian's “Great
    ABSTRACT RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy. (Under the direction of Prof. S. Thomas Parker) In the year 303, the Roman Emperor Diocletian and the other members of the Tetrarchy launched a series of persecutions against Christians that is remembered as the most severe, widespread, and systematic persecution in the Church’s history. Around that time, the Tetrarchy also issued a rescript to the Pronconsul of Africa ordering similar persecutory actions against a religious group known as the Manichaeans. At first glance, the Tetrarchy’s actions appear to be the result of tensions between traditional classical paganism and religious groups that were not part of that system. However, when the status of Jewish populations in the Empire is examined, it becomes apparent that the Tetrarchy only persecuted Christians and Manichaeans. This thesis explores the relationship between the Tetrarchy and each of these three minority groups as it attempts to understand the Tetrarchy’s policies towards minority religions. In doing so, this thesis will discuss the relationship between the Roman state and minority religious groups in the era just before the Empire’s formal conversion to Christianity. It is only around certain moments in the various religions’ relationships with the state that the Tetrarchs order violence. Consequently, I argue that violence towards minority religions was a means by which the Roman state policed boundaries around its conceptions of Roman identity. © Copyright 2016 Carl Ross Rice All Rights Reserved Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy by Carl Ross Rice A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History Raleigh, North Carolina 2016 APPROVED BY: ______________________________ _______________________________ S.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00949-3 - The Art of Caesar’s Bellum Civile: Literature, Ideology, and Community Luca Grillo Excerpt More information Introduction “Such force dwells in him, such sharpness, and such passion that it seems that he spoke with the same vigor with which he fought” (tanta in eo vis est, id acumen, ea concitatio, ut illum eodem animo dixisse quo bellavit appareat, Quint. 10.1.114). In expressing this judgment about Caesar, Quintilian famously set forth an old truism: besides being a general and a politician, Caesar was also an orator and a man of letters.1 For instance, Cicero, who no less famously praised the style of the Commentarii (Brut. 262), anxiously awaited Caesar’s remarks on his verses: “but ho there!” – he asked his brother Quintus – “I feel you are concealing something from me: what did Caesar really think of my poetry?” (Sed heus tu! Celari videor a te. Quo modo nam, mi frater, de nostris versibus Caesar? QF 2.16.5). And Caesar, responding from Gaul, praised that poetry no less than Quintus’ service in his army, thus acting as a general, intellectual, friend, and, of course, a politician. During the Gallic war letters, the Commentarii de Bello Gallico (BG)andtheDe Analogia, which was dedicated to Cicero, helped Caesar to remain present to the aristocratic circles of leading politicians and intellectuals while appealing to the imagination of the Roman people.2 Caesar’s proven oratorical skills assisted his ambitions also at the time of the civil war: when he was working on the Commentarii de Bello Civili (BC), he kept engaging in the politico-literary debate by composing the Anticato and by appealing to his friends and to the senate with letters, which he was the first statesman to collect in book format (Suet.
    [Show full text]
  • Livy's View of the Roman National Character
    James Luce, December 5th, 1993 Livy's View of the Roman National Character As early as 1663, Francis Pope named his plantation, in what would later become Washington, DC, "Rome" and renamed Goose Creek "Tiber", a local hill "Capitolium", an example of the way in which the colonists would draw upon ancient Rome for names, architecture and ideas. The founding fathers often called America "the New Rome", a place where, as Charles Lee said to Patrick Henry, Roman republican ideals were being realized. The Roman historian Livy (Titus Livius, 59 BC-AD 17) lived at the juncture of the breakdown of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. His 142 book History of Rome from 753 to 9 BC (35 books now extant, the rest epitomes) was one of the most read Latin authors by early American colonists, partly because he wrote about the Roman national character and his unique view of how that character was formed. "National character" is no longer considered a valid term, nations may not really have specific national characters, but many think they do. The ancients believed states or peoples had a national character and that it arose one of 3 ways: 1) innate/racial: Aristotle believed that all non-Greeks were barbarous and suited to be slaves; Romans believed that Carthaginians were perfidious. 2) influence of geography/climate: e.g., that Northern tribes were vigorous but dumb 3) influence of institutions and national norms based on political and family life. The Greek historian Polybios believed that Roman institutions (e.g., division of government into senate, assemblies and magistrates, each with its own powers) made the Romans great, and the architects of the American constitution read this with especial care and interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Migrant Brazilian Women in “Pink Collar Jobs” in The
    © COPYRIGHT by Lucilia V. Tremura 2011 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DEDICATION To Ricardo, My Dear Son TRANSNATIONAL MIGRANT BRAZILIAN WOMEN IN “PINK COLLAR JOBS” IN THE GREATER WASHINGTON D.C. AREA BY Lucilia V. Tremura ABSTRACT The study of transnational migrant Brazilian women in “pink collar jobs” in the Greater Washington D.C. metropolitan area comprises thirty-four Brazilian women who chose the United States as their place to be called home. It is termed transnational because of the permanent ties connecting these women to their country of origin, Brazil, and their country of adoption, the United States. The expression “pink collar jobs” indicates low paid jobs, mainly performed by women, no expertise necessary, in the service sector. The Washington D.C. metropolitan area has become a new destination for immigrants with a large concentration of Latin Americans. Brazilian presence is among these diverse groups of immigrants, with an increasing participation on the market. This research focuses on transnational migration in women‟s context, with all the nuances that involve the process of migration and incorporation into the labor market. Three research questions explore the topic: ii 1. Why do Brazilian women engage in transnational migration from Brazil to the United States? 1. a. How do social networks affect their transnational migration? 2. How do the social construction of gender and ethnicity influence the occupational choices of this group of Brazilian women, in light of their backgrounds and the job perspectives they anticipated? 3. In what ways do pink collar jobs shape their identity, social interaction and job satisfaction? The answers to these questions delineate the main characteristics, aspirations and satisfactions of these migrant workers as they embrace the United States as their new home.
    [Show full text]
  • Civis Romanus Sum Citizenship in Ancient Rome Was Valued Not Only
    Civis Romanus Sum Citizenship in Ancient Rome was valued not only for the rights and social status it provided, but also for the sense of patriotism and honor it instilled in the Roman people. The gravity of citizenship allowed the Roman Empire’s multitudinous regions to become vastly and impossibly connected by a sense of pride for one Italian city. Citizenship was a commodity valuable enough for soldiers such as Mucius Scaevola to give their right hands for, as well as for plebeians to secede and fight for with their lives. Citizens felt an unbreakable bond between themselves and their nation; they were dedicated to representing and defending Rome at any cost. It was this strong sense of identity that united so many people and created such a dominant empire. Roman citizenship was one of the most prized possessions a European inhabitant could have, bearing the magnitude of rights, ranking, honor, and a powerful sense of Roman identity. Although some Roman people were born into citizenship, the rest of the population yearned for such rights and status, and took whatever action they could to become true, legal members of Roman society. Citizenship included suffrage, the right to run for and occupy office, the right to not be tortured, crucified, or be sentenced to death unless found guilty of treason, the right to marry, to hold property, and to have a trial, as well as various “public” and “private” prerogatives. Romans born into a noble family inherited citizenship and social status; they made up the patrician class, while the lower plebeian class was made up of free non-citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Brutus, Cassius, Judas, and Cremutius Cordus: How
    BRUTUS, CASSIUS, JUDAS, AND CREMUTIUS CORDUS: HOW SHIFTING PRECEDENTS ALLOWED THE LEX MAIESTATIS TO GROUP WRITERS WITH TRAITORS by Hunter Myers A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College. Oxford, Mississippi May 2018 Approved by ______________________________ Advisor: Professor Molly Pasco-Pranger ______________________________ Reader: Professor John Lobur ______________________________ Reader: Professor Steven Skultety © 2018 Hunter Ross Myers ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Dr. Pasco-Pranger, For your wise advice and helpful guidance through the thesis process Dr. Lobur & Dr. Skultety, For your time reading my work My parents, Robin Myers and Tracy Myers For your calm nature and encouragement Sally-McDonnell Barksdale Honors College For an incredible undergraduate academic experience iii ABSTRACT In either 103 or 100 B.C., a concept known as Maiestas minuta populi Romani (diminution of the majesty of the Roman people) is invented by Saturninus to accompany charges of perduellio (treason). Just over a century later, this same law is used by Tiberius to criminalize behavior and speech that he found disrespectful. This thesis offers an answer to the question as to how the maiestas law evolved during the late republic and early empire to present the threat that it did to Tiberius’ political enemies. First, the application of Roman precedent in regards to judicial decisions will be examined, as it plays a guiding role in the transformation of the law. Next, I will discuss how the law was invented in the late republic, and increasingly used for autocratic purposes. The bulk of the thesis will focus on maiestas proceedings in Tacitus’ Annales, in which a total of ten men lose their lives.
    [Show full text]
  • First Triumvirate and Rise of Octavian BY: Jake, Eliza and Maheen First Triumvirate
    First Triumvirate and Rise of Octavian BY: Jake, Eliza and Maheen First Triumvirate • An alliance of the three most powerful men in Rome, Marcus Licinus Crassus, Gaius Julius Caesar, and Gneaus Pompey Magnus. Rome was in chaos and the 3 seized control of the Republic. • The three would dominate Roman politics for personal gains throughout the territories of the Republic. Julius Caesar • In Rome, Julius Caesar was elected as the tribune of the Plebs, military tribune, and governor of many provinces throughout the Republic. • Believed Crassus helped Julius Caesar win the election to become the Propraetor or governor of Hispania in 63 B.C.E. • Julius returned to Rome after his term as governor. Caesar had a business or political agreement with Pompey and Crassus in 60 B.C.E. Caesar was the consul while Pompey and Crassus were in the senate. • Created the First Triumvirate • After his term, Julius was in deeply in debt politically and financially to Crassus and desperately needed to raise money. Marcus Crassus • Crassus was the richest man in all the Roman Republic. He was sharp and clever in Roman politics. He would be a senator and even become consul a few times. • He was a mentor to Julius Caesar in his early career. • Gained much fame during the Spartacus rebellion but much of it was stolen by Pompey. • He was a longtime rival to Pompey Magnus and this would be his eventually downfall. He would ally with Caesar and Pompey, but strived for military victory over Pompey. He went to Parthia where he was defeated at Carrhae.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Rome
    Ancient Rome William E. Dunstan ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto • Plymouth, UK ................. 17856$ $$FM 09-09-10 09:17:21 PS PAGE iii Published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom Copyright ᭧ 2011 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. All maps by Bill Nelson. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. The cover image shows a marble bust of the nymph Clytie; for more information, see figure 22.17 on p. 370. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dunstan, William E. Ancient Rome / William E. Dunstan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7425-6832-7 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7425-6833-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7425-6834-1 (electronic) 1. Rome—Civilization. 2. Rome—History—Empire, 30 B.C.–476 A.D. 3. Rome—Politics and government—30 B.C.–476 A.D. I. Title. DG77.D86 2010 937Ј.06—dc22 2010016225 ⅜ϱ ீThe paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/ NISO Z39.48–1992. Printed in the United States of America ................
    [Show full text]