Influence De Stockhausen Chez Les Compositeurs Électroacoustiques

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Influence De Stockhausen Chez Les Compositeurs Électroacoustiques Document generated on 09/30/2021 8:23 a.m. Circuit Musiques contemporaines Influence de Stockhausen chez les compositeurs électroacoustiques québécois Sondage courriel et entrevues The Influence of Stockhausen’s Music on Electroacoustic Composers in Quebec Robert Normandeau Stockhausen au Québec Article abstract Volume 19, Number 2, 2009 What influence did the electroacoustic music of Karlheinz Stockhausen have on musical production in this genre in Quebec? Various Quebec composers of URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/037450ar different generations were asked this question: Kevin Austin (1948), Walter DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/037450ar Boudreau (1947), Yves Daoust (1946), Jean-François Denis (1960), Marcelle Deschênes (1939), Francis Dhomont (1926), Gisèle Ricard (1944), Stéphane Roy See table of contents (1959), Alain Thibault (1956). To these, the author adds his own comments and reminiscences. Publisher(s) Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal ISSN 1183-1693 (print) 1488-9692 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Normandeau, R. (2009). Influence de Stockhausen chez les compositeurs électroacoustiques québécois : sondage courriel et entrevues. Circuit, 19(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.7202/037450ar Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 2009 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ Enquête Influence de Stockhausen chez les compositeurs électroacoustiques québécois Sondage courriel et entrevues robert normandeau Nous nous sommes demandé quelle avait été une conférence à l’Université de Montréal, mais il ne l’influence de la musique électroacoustique de Karl- présentera pas de concert à cette occasion. heinz Stockhausen sur la production québécoise Il reviendra ensuite en 1964 et c’est la première fois de cette même discipline. Nous avons sollicité un qu’il jouera en concert à Montréal. C’est cet événement certain nombre de compositeurs québécois de qui est évoqué par Gisèle Ricard plus loin. Il présen- différentes générations afin de connaître leur avis sur tera d’ailleurs à cette occasion une conférence intitu- la question. Nous remercions ceux et celles qui se sont lée « Quatre critères de la musique électronique » qui prêtés au jeu par courriel : Kevin Austin (1948), Yves marquera les compositeurs présents. Daoust (1946), Jean-François Denis (1960), Marcelle Finalement, il reviendra deux fois en 1971. La Deschênes (1939), Francis Dhomont (1926), Gisèle première à l’occasion de deux concerts de la SMCQ Ricard (1944) et Stéphane Roy (1959) ; ou de vive voix : présentés à la salle Claude-Champagne de l’Université Walter Boudreau (1947) et Alain Thibault (1956). À de Montréal. C’est cet événement qui est évoqué par ce groupe de compositeurs, j’ajouterai mes propres Kevin Austin, Walter Boudreau et Marcelle Deschênes. commentaires et souvenirs. Et une seconde fois en décembre de la même année à Comme on le verra ailleurs dans ce numéro, la Place des Arts avec le Collegium vocale de Cologne. Karlheinz Stockhausen est venu à plusieurs reprises • Avez-vous déjà rencontré Stockhausen, soit à à Montréal. Une première fois en 1958, invité par l’occasion de l’une de ses visites au Canada, soit Maryvonne Kendergi pour la radio de Radio-Canada ailleurs ? Quel souvenir en gardez-vous ? (on retrouvera la transcription de cette entrevue Aucun des compositeurs mentionnés ne rapporte l’en- ailleurs dans ces pages). Il prononcera également trevue de 1958 (il faut dire que certains n’étaient pas dossier enquête 51 encore nés…). Le premier concert de 1964 est évoqué Quelle rencontre foudroyante avec ce Stockhausen ! uniquement par Gisèle Ricard : Ce fut LA RÉVÉLATION ! Ses mots. Sa musique. Sa Je n’ai jamais eu l’occasion de parler avec Stockhausen. pensée créatrice. Un véritable coup de foudre ! Ça ne Par contre, « lors d’un deuxième passage à Montréal ressemblait à rien de ce qu’on m’enseignait. C’était en 1964, Stockhausen fera entendre pour la première fabuleux ! « C’est ça que je veux faire… », me dis-je. fois chez nous Kontakte, avec le percussionniste Max Nous avions écouté Gesang der Jünglinge. Ensuite, Neuhaus et le pianiste David Tudor. » (Réjean Beaucage, peu à peu, le chemin s’est tracé. Je n’ai plus touché La Scena Musicale, vol.11, no 3, novembre 2005, p. 18-25) au piano. Je ne reviendrais jamais plus en arrière. Ce serait la composition hors des normes, des écoles, C’est à cette occasion que j’ai eu la chance d’assister à ce définitivement. concert qu’il avait donné au Conservatoire de musique. J’étais alors étudiante à l’École normale de musique de STOCKHAUSEN comme déclencheur ? OUI ! l’Institut pédagogique de Westmount à Montréal. ABSOLUMENT ! C’était la première fois que nous entendions ce genre De tous les compositeurs convoqués pour cet de musique et nous avons été subjugués par tous article, un seul, Walter Boudreau a travaillé activement ces nouveaux sons qui bombardaient nos « vierges » ( pendant six semaines) avec Stockhausen à l’occasion oreilles… des cours que celui-ci dispensait à Darmstadt Les concerts de 1971 et les événements l’entou- (Allemagne) en 1972. rant auront beaucoup plus d’impact si l’on se fie aux Walter Boudreau : commentaires qui suivent. La musique mise à part, le personnage était vraiment Kevin Austin : détestable. […] Il a toujours cultivé le rapport du He was treated as something of a « god », which I maître et du disciple. Et le maître est intransigeant et understood, but did not agree with. He was simply the terrible, non seulement avec ses disciples mais avec ses finest electroacoustic composer in the world, but this collègues et camarades, tout ce qu’il a dit de Boulez, did not make him « God ». tout ce qu’il a dit des autres est absolument terrible. […] Il y a un côté « Dr. Jekyll et Mr. Hyde » dans sa Marcelle Deschênes : personnalité. Alors que dans sa musique on côtoie un À l’université, nous avions parfois des conférences. esprit absolument formidable, quelqu’un qui a une Ce jour-là, il y avait un certain Stockhausen dont pensée, qui a une idée de la vastitude du cosmos, de je ne savais rien. On n’en parlait pas dans les cours tous les grands mythes et des grandes interrogations. d’histoire ou d’analyse, la formation classique étant de […] Comme professeur il était génial. Quand nous rigueur. Cependant, cette visite allait non seulement étions à Darmstadt, il enseignait en allemand, en changer, mais définitivement bouleverser mes projets anglais et en français, et je pouvais constater qu’il n’y d’avenir. J’ai oublié le contexte, mais je me souviens avait aucune différence de contenu au moins dans ces très bien de la lumière qui habitait le lieu ce jour-là, deux dernières langues que je connais très bien. Il avait cette salle obscure, laide et froide où se donnaient les un très grand esprit de synthèse. Par contre, dans sa cours d’harmonie d’un professeur féroce, toujours au vie quotidienne… fouet : une terreur académique pour qui les marches volume 19 numéro 2 numéro 19 volume d’harmonie était un credo essentiel. Et soudain, cette vraie bouffée de vie. circuit 52 • Parmi ses musiques électroacoustiques, lesquelles tout ce qui sortait de l’ordinaire dans le monde formé vous ont marqué plus particulièrement et pourquoi ? à la musique classique et romantique − dont je Kevin Austin : faisais partie. TERRIBLE choc ! qui allait faire de ma Gesang der Jünglinge − first heard in 1965 or 1966, and vie une quête perpétuelle de nouveautés musicales also Kontakte at the same time. Hymnen in the early et, graduel lement, la mélomane et la compositrice 1970s. Octophonie in the 1990s. There was always more que je suis devenue. Stimmung, présenté en 1971 par to discover in his pieces. For the past four years I have la SMCQ avec Stockhausen et le Collegium vocale de presented Kontakte and Gesang in four-channel concerts Cologne fut mon deuxième événement bouleversant. and do extensive detailed analyses in concert and in Cette fois-là avec uniquement « six voix mixtes, munie classes because the pieces are so « compositionally » chacune d’un micro que six haut-parleurs diffusaient interesting. autour d’eux avec leurs membranes dirigées vers le plafond. » En 1985, j’étais à la première représentation Walter Boudreau : à Londres de Donnerstag aus Licht (Jeudi de Lumière), Je crois que c’est autour de 1967, l’année de l’Expo, la première journée du cycle Licht sur les sept jours de où après avoir vu et entendu le Polytope de Xenakis, la semaine. Une « orgie » musicale inoubliable, un sens j’avais acheté un disque Nonesuch sur lequel figurait théâtral spectaculaire, une expérience globale impos- entre autres Gesang der Jünglinge qui m’a littéralement sible à oublier. jeté à terre. Puis en 1973, […] à l’occasion des Journées de musique contemporaine à Metz ; là, j’ai entendu Alain Thibault : l’exécution du siècle de Mikrophonie I, dans un concert La première musique de Stockhausen que j’ai écoutée, à 9 heures le matin, pour des enfants, sous les auspices c’était Hymnen sur la recommandation de Guy Isabelle des Jeunesses musicales. Ce qui m’avait le plus impres- qui fréquentait déjà le studio de l’Université Laval. Par sionné c’était la « projection sonore », […] c’était lui qui la suite, alors que j’étudiais moi-même dans ce studio, était à la console et la qualité sonore était impeccable j’ai fait l’analyse de Telemusik dans la classe de typo- et cela m’avait beaucoup marqué.
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