CATALOG | 2015

A Juried Competition of the Historical Society of Washington, D.C., DC Preservation League, and Capitol Hill Art League For the Record: Artfully Historic D.C. is a juried exhibit of the 75 best original artworks that capture the changing urban landscape of Washington, D.C., based on the DC Preservation League’s list of most endangered places. For more than 120 years, the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. has collected and preserved images of the city’s built environment in paintings and photographs. The Historical Society continues this tradition of capturing Washington’s built environment through the arts for the benefit of generations to come. The competition “For the Record: Artfully Historic D.C.” was created in partnership with the DC Preservation League and the Capitol Hill Art League.

JURORS Nine jurors from local Washington, D.C. galleries, libraries, archives, and museums reviewed all of the submissions to select the “For the Record Top 75.” Theo Adamstein, Founder and Director, FOTODC Renee Braden, Manager, Archives & Special Collections, National Geographic Society Brandon Brame Fortune, Chief Curator, National Portrait Gallery Jane Freundel Levey, Consulting Curator, Albert H. Small Washingtoniana Collection, The George Washington University Museum and The Textile Museum Kerry McAleer-Keeler, Program Head, Art and the Book Graduate Program, Associate Professor, Corcoran School of the Arts and Design, The George Washington University Martin Moeller, Jr., Senior Curator, National Building Museum Richard O’Connor, Ph.D., Chief, Heritage Documentation Programs, National Park Service Klaus Ottmann, Ph.D., Director of the Center for the Study of Modern Art and Curator at Large, The Phillips Collection SPONSORS AND PARTNERS The Historical Society of Washington, D.C. would like to thank the following organizations and individuals for their important contributions that made “For the Record: Artfully Historic D.C.” successful.

Sponsors Partners Capitol Hill Art League Kay Fuller, Hamid Lagder, and Rindy O’Brien DC Preservation League Rebecca Miller Corcoran School of the Arts and Design at The George Washington University Clare Brown, Assistant Professor, Exhibit Design Program Meghan O’Loughlin and Madeline Smit, Graduate Students, Exhibit Design National Geographic Society Spencer “Spike” Oxford and Matthew DeOrio, Exhibits Department

HISTORICAL PHOTOGRAPH CREDITS Eda Offutt DC Public Library, Library of Congress Historical Society of Washington, D.C. 1909-1913 Martin Luther 1909-1913 MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AVENUE, SE King Jr. Avenue, SE, and the Anacostia Commercial Corridor Threat: Neglect and Demolitions As the earliest commercial blocks in the Anacostia Historic District, the three low-scale structures at 1909- 1913 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue, SE are considered the gateway to the Anacostia Historic District. They were built in the early 20th century to Ghosts of the Past—Anacostia #SE4 complement the surrounding residential Ivan Petrov. Digital image, 18 3/4” x 22 1/2 “ area. Today the buildings are part of the Anacostia Commercial Corridor, which Drum Major consists of 126 structures along Martin Edward Savwoir. Digital photo montage, 16 1/2” x 20 1/4 “ Luther King Jr. Avenue, SE from Howard Road to Good Hope Road that date between 1854 and 1930. The Anacostia ANACOSTIA COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR Commercial Corridor was first listed in the DC Inventory of Historic Sites in 1973, and in 1978 was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Continued neglect of these invaluable historic resources threatens to erase remnants of the neighborhood’s history and legacy. Despite the presence nearby of the Frederick Douglass National Historic Site and the Smithsonian Institution’s Anacostia Community Museum, the deteriorating buildings and blighted landscape reflect decades of neighborhood disinvestment. Along the corridor are a number of vacant lots and buildings in need of rehabilitation due to neglect by owners, both public and Anacostia private. Fortunately, thanks to recent Hamid Lagder. Screen print on wood, 12”x 12” renovations, the historic commercial buildings along the 1200 block of Good Hope Road now house a thriving arts center and community workspaces. This transformation shows the adaptability of these resources and the value that thriving historic commercial corridors can bring to a community.

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 1 Anacostia Historic District Threat: Neglect and Demolitions The Anacostia Historic District is bounded by Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue, SE, on the west, Good Hope Road on the north, Fendall Street and the rear of the Frederick Douglass National Historic Site on the east, and Bangor Street and Morris Road on the south. The Anacostia Historic District contains 550 buildings built from 1854 to 1930, including unusual wood frame structures with Italianate detailing, brick row houses and apartment buildings, as well as commercial structures. At the Historic District’s heart is Uniontown, platted in 1854 as one of D.C.’s first suburbs. Building lots and houses were sold to white workers employed across the Anacostia River at the Navy Yard. After the Civil War (1861–1865), new communities across the nation chose the name “Uniontown,” so Dentist’s Office Congress changed Uniontown’s name Emily Long. Digital image, 17” x 13” to Anacostia. Despite race restrictive Front Porch Emily Long. Digital image, 17” x 13” covenants, by 1880 some 15 percent of residents were African American. The area remained predominantly white until the “white flight” of the 1950s. Today Anacostia’s fragile condition, with neglected lots and abandoned buildings, reflects the years of overcrowding forced by redevelopment in other parts of Washington as well as the general civic disinvestment in the working-class African American communities east of the Anacostia River. Long-awaited economic revitalization is reaching the Historic District, but some proposals may be inconsistent with the historic nature of the area.

2 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Armed Forces Retirement Home Threat: Financial Hardship For three years beginning in 1848, Senator Jefferson Davis (later president of the Confederacy during the Civil War) sponsored legislation to create the United States Soldiers’ Home. The Soldiers’ Home would provide benefits for “every soldier…who shall have served or may serve honestly and faithfully twenty years . . . and every soldier . . . Granite Bridge, Soldiers’ Home whether regular or volunteer, who shall Kent Boese. Digital image, 15” x 19” have suffered by reason of disease or wounds incurred in the service and in the line of his duty, rendering him incapable of further military service.” The enabling legislation specified funding from fines levied by military courts-martial and a voluntary, monthly 25-cent pay deduction from enlisted personnel. For the facility, the Soldiers’ Soldiers’ Home—Park Road Gate Post Home board of directors purchased Kent Boese. Digital image, 19” x 15” the 198-acre farm of George W. Riggs, founder of Riggs National Bank, and Mount Joliet, the neighboring 58-acre tract of Charles Scrivener. Today the facility is bounded by North Capitol Street and Harewood Road, Rock Creek Church Road, Irving Street, and Park AFRH: Gargoyle, Grant Bldg. Place, NW. At the invitation of Soldiers’ Ann Elkington. Digital image, 14” x 17” Home Director General Winfield Scott, President James Buchanan was the first to make the former Riggs farmhouse his summer home. President Lincoln and his family spent long periods there, and Lincoln worked on the Emancipation Proclamation on the spot. The house is now known as President Lincoln’s Cottage, a National Historic Landmark. While the campus’s Sherman Building, with its crenellated tower, was restored in 2013, many other picturesque 19th-century buildings await major maintenance.

Soldiers’ Home Circa 1851 Karen Komar. Digital image, 21.5” x 27.5”

AFRH: Warren, Grant Blg. Ann Elkington. Digital image, 17” x 14”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 3 Banneker Park Barney Circle Neighborhood Threat: Neglect and Proposed Threat: Proposed Demolitions Demolitions Located to the east of the Capitol Occupying Banneker Circle at L’Enfant Hill Historic District, and bounded by Promenade, SW, and designed by Potomac Avenue, 17th Street, Kentucky renowned landscape architect Daniel Avenue, and Pennsylvania Avenue, Urban Kiley in 1970, Benjamin Banneker SE, Barney Circle is a residential Park provides panoramic views of neighborhood developed during World Washington and the surrounding War I to provide affordable housing area. Intended to balance the density for some of the thousands arriving in Banneker Park 1 of nearby development, the park Washington to support the war effort. Verena Radulovic. Digital image, 14.5” x 19.5” serves as the southern terminus of the The neighborhood is known for its L’Enfant Promenade. The park is an uninterrupted sets of single-family example of the mature work of Kiley, brick row houses. Largely unadorned combining many granite elements, and modest in scale and style, these including a large fountain, trees, and two-story row houses are wider and lighting as a transition to the open shallower than their 19th-century space of the Southwest waterfront. precedents and are characterized The site is culturally significant as by their horizontal orientation, the first public space in Washington front porches, and yards, as well as named for an African American. It overhanging eaves, mansard roofs serves as a memorial to Benjamin with dormers, and brick stringcourses. Banneker, the self-taught free black Known as “daylight roughhouses” mathematician and astronomer who because they were designed to be only assisted surveyor Andrew Ellicott in two rooms deep, ensuring that each Banneker Park 2 plotting the boundaries for the District room had windows to allow sunlight and Verena Radulovic. Digital image, 14.5” x 19.5” of Columbia in 1791. The men were part fresh air into the house, the row houses of the team working with Peter L’Enfant are set back from the street and read as to plan the new seat of government a cohesive unit along the streetscape. for the United States, which soon became known as Washington, D.C. Banneker, of Howard County, Maryland, also published a series of almanacs. Among the development proposals that have threatened the park was making it the location for the Smithsonian’s Museum of African American History and Culture (now under construction on the National Mall), an underground parking garage, or a presidential Barney Circle Dawn Jim Havard. Digital image, 14.5” x 18.25” memorial.

Snowy Night Jim Havard. Digital image, 14.5” x 18.25”

4 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Barry Farm Frame Houses Threat: Neglect and Proposed Demolitions The three frame houses located along the 2700-2800 blocks of Wade Road, SE, are reminders of the historic Barry Farm freedmen’s neighborhood, which developed east of the Anacostia River during Reconstruction following the Civil War (1861-1865). The U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands purchased acreage from the heirs of planter James D. Barry to provide homesteads for the formerly enslaved and their families. The community known as Barry Farm (later Hillsdale) was located between St. Elizabeths Hospital and Uniontown. Larger than the original two-room Barry Farm dwellings of the 1860s and 1870s, these three remaining houses are typical of those built on Barry Farm lots at the beginning of the 20th century as the African American community became more settled and affluent. Standing at the edge of the dense growth of vegetation separating Barry Farm from St. Elizabeths, these houses are artifacts of the historic community that once thrived in this semi-rural area. Barry Farm Frame House With Sunflowers Indrani Gnanasiri. Acrylic on wood, 17.75” x 13.75”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 5 Benjamin Franklin School Threat: Neglect During the late 19th century, the Franklin School at 13th and K Streets, NW, was hailed in America and abroad as an ideal modern school building, winning awards for design in Vienna, Paris, Philadelphia, and New Orleans. The Franklin School was completed in 1869 to a design by prominent Washington architect Adolf Cluss, one of some 90 red-brick buildings Cluss designed across the city. Cluss was a proponent of the then-revolutionary idea of universal education and professional training for teachers. The school’s clearly visible location Photophone Edward Newton. Digital image, 14.5” x 14.5” on Franklin Square in a prestigious, residential neighborhood was meant to draw the attention of Congress and the nation to the importance of public schools and inspire their support. As the flagship of the city’s new school system, it housed both the administrative and educational functions under one roof. In addition to separate classrooms for girls and boys, the school housed Benjamin Franklin School Interior the offices of the Superintendent of Cindy Vasko. Digital image, 24” x 17” Schools and the Board of Trustees (later the Board of Education). This arrangement allowed administrators to personally observe the benefits of the new educational system. Large windows that provided plenty of light, spacious and well-ventilated rooms, and fine architectural detailing enhanced the learning environment and emphasized that beauty should be available to all, not just the privileged. Both the interior and exterior of the Franklin School are landmarked. Owned by the D.C. Government, the property’s exterior was restored in the early 2000s. The interior, however, has suffered extreme neglect.

Learning from the Past Jane Webb. Digital image, 25.75” x 20”

Franklin School Robert MacDonald. Digital image, 26” x 20”

6 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Bond Bread Factory Threat: Vacant Completed in 1930, the Bond Bread building’s distinguished design set it apart from other contemporary factory buildings. As designed by the noted bakery architect C.B. Comstock, the once state-of-the-art building at 2146 Georgia Ave. NW mixes elements of the popular Art Deco style in its verticality and stepped façade, as well Bond Bread Company Building Bond as the stripped classicism so at home in Devereaux Barnes. Digital image, 11.75” x 14.75” Christopher Marrow. Digital image, 24.5” x 34.5” federal Washington. Although plans to raze the building were halted in 2013, the building remains vacant.

Bond Bread Factory I Bond Bread Buildling Michael Horsley. Digital image, 19.25” x 20.5” Donald Myer. Drawing, 17.25” x 21.25”

Bond Bread Factory II Michael Horsley. Digital image, 19.75” x 25”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 7 Carnegie Library Threat: Neglect Prominently located on Mount Vernon Square at 801 K Street, NW, the Central Public Library, known today as the Carnegie Library, opened its doors in 1903. The New York architecture firm of Ackerman and Ross designed the Beaux-Arts style building, which was funded through large contributions made by Andrew Carnegie in 1899. The building served as D.C.’s central library until 1970, when the library moved to the new Martin Luther King, Jr., Memorial Library at 901 G Street, NW. In 1999, the U.S. Congress granted a 100-year lease of the Carnegie Carnegie Library - September 2013 Library to the Historical Society of Sally Canzoneri. Digital image. 21.5” x 25” Washington, D.C., and in 2011 the Historical Society entered a partnership with Events DC to maintain the building and share the use of the building for events. The Carnegie Library was one of the first monumental Beaux-Arts buildings constructed in Washington, predating the better-known Union Station, and is documented in the National Register of Historic Places as an excellent example of Neoclassicism. Because few alterations have been made to the building’s exterior since its original construction, it retains a high degree of integrity. The library’s expansive and picturesque landscaped setting amplifies its prominence and plays a critical role in its significance as a civic space. The DC Preservation Surrender League continues to encourage the city Lisa Diop. Digtial image. 16.5” x 20.5” to implement its stated commitment to “contributing a significant amount of funding to help restore and renovate the Carnegie Library and the grounds at Mount Vernon Square.”

8 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Carnegie Library Robert MacDonald. Digital Image, 20 x 26”

Science Poetry History Edward Newton. Digital image, 14.5” x 14.5”

Carnegie Library Washington DC Charlene Nield. Mixed media, 12.5” x 17.5” Carnegie Library in the Fall Justin Pyles. Oil on canvas, 21.5” x 25.5”

The Carnegie Library Shortcut Rindy OBrien. Digital image, 22.75” x 30.5”

Carnegie Library R 1280 John Young. Digital image, 17.25” x 21”

The Magical Carnegie Library Rindy OBrien. Digital image, 10” x 19”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 9 Carroll Laundry Smokestack Threat: Neglect and Demolitions The stack, built at 14th Street and Fairlawn Avenue, SE, in 1916 for the Anderson Tire Manufacturing Company, is constructed of blonde glazed brick, stands completely independent on a concrete base and, according to its building permit, rises to 110 feet. A landmark in the truest sense of the word, the stack towers over all of the other structures in the neighborhood. The stack tapers for more than four- fifths of its height, where three courses of blonde bricks provide a belt course, followed by three courses of dark brown bricks and another similar course of blonde. Above these belt courses, extending almost to the top of the stack is a decorated masonry pattern forming diamonds, with the long axis oriented vertically up the shaft, of dark brown over blonde units. The shaft then widens again for seven more courses of blonde brick before a much Carroll Laundry Smokestack Asphalt Reflections narrower shaft top in the same color Rodney Mathis. Digital image, 29.75” x 21.5” Jai Williams. Digital image, 21.25” x 17.5” masonry. The name “Carroll” is clearly visible in black painted very large letters running down the northwest side of the stack. The previous owner requested permission to demolish the adjacent buildings and smoke stack for a new charter school building.

Distracted, but Not Disrespected Jai Williams. Digital image, 17.25” x 17.25”

Neglected Karen Zens. Mixed media, 17.5” x 14”

10 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Foundry Branch Trolley Trestle Threat: Neglect and Demolition The Foundry Branch Trolley Trestle, which crosses the Foundry Branch of the Potomac River in Glover Archbold Park, north of Canal Road, NW, is one of only two remaining bridges along the former streetcar line that linked Georgetown to Glen Echo, Maryland. This trolley line, constructed in 1891, provided the transportation to a Tressel Support summer chautauqua, or educational Devereaux Barnes. Digital image, 11.75” x 14.75” Foundry Branch trolley trestle center, on the Potomac. After only Leonard Jewler. Digital image, 11.75” x 14.75” two years, the chautauqua closed, but the facility continued to host large group events. In 1903 the Washington Railway and Electric Company took over, and managed the trolley and the Glen Echo Park at the end of the line. The amusement park was enormously popular among white Washingtonians. Summer rides to the park in the days before air conditioning gave much- needed relief from the city’s heat and humidity. Civil rights activists began protesting at the segregated facility beginning in 1960, and the Carbon Sanctuary park eventually opened to all. Glen Kate Patsch. Digital image, 18” x 22” Kate Patsch. Digital image, 18” x 22” Echo Park became a National Park Service property in 1970. Although all tracks have been removed, the right- of-way continues as a trail along the Potomac River overlook through the Palisades neighborhood of Northwest Washington. The Trails Committee for the Palisades Citizens’ Association is working with local organizations and the National Park Service to raise awareness about the endangered site.

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 11 Holt House 911 and 913 L Street Threat: Neglect and Demolition Threat: Neglect and Demolitions The property known today as Holt At the southern edge of the Shaw House, located just off Adams Mill Road, Historic District are 911 and 913 L NW, on the grounds of the National Street, NW. These houses stand as Zoo, was built about 1810 by George two of the area’s oldest and rarest Johnson. It was one of more than a remaining mid-19th-century buildings. dozen large country estates built on the During the segregation era of the high grounds of Rock Creek, within the late-19th and early-20th centuries, boundaries of an old land grant known Shaw was the academic, cultural, and as “Pretty Prospects.” Today Holt House business center of Washington’s African is one of the few that remain, and the American communities. Today the last east of Rock Creek. Shaw Historic District is largely a row house neighborhood whose buildings The former residents of this rare Sunset, Holt House tell the story of Shaw’s early history surviving example of a five-part, Barbara Brennan. Oil on canvas, 20” x 20” and its indelible role in both local and federal-era residence are a “who’s national African American history. The who” of Washington, D.C.’s diverse three-story red brick row house at 911 population: early entrepreneurs, L Street was constructed with a raised presidential advisors, enslaved African entrance and English basement circa Americans, farmers, and scientists. 1854-1859. Just next door, 913 L Street The surrounding area of the house is is a three-story Romanesque brick and also very special and includes one of brownstone row house with a raised Washington’s oldest mill seats, the city’s entrance and English basement. It first Quaker burial ground, a post- was built in 1892 to a design by the Civil War African American cemetery, prominent and prolific Washington and the Civil War hospital known as architect Appleton P. Clark. Beginning Cliffburne Barracks, where the “Invalid in 2014, when both buildings were Hidden Corps” were headquartered. Dr. Henry slated for demolition to make room for Marty Ittner. Mixed media, 10.75” x 13.5” C. Holt, a former U.S. Army assistant two hotels and an apartment building, surgeon, purchased the house in 1844 the DC Preservation League worked to and divided it into two as residences save these important relics and their for his two sons. In 1889 he sold it to contributions to the sense of time, place, the commissioners of the newly created and pattern of Shaw’s development. National Zoo. The building is currently vacant and dilapidated with no publicly available plans for use.

L Street Zoe Aparicio. Digital image, 15.25” x 11.25”

12 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library Threat: Neglect and Alterations The District of Columbia’s central public library, designed by Modern master Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and completed in 1972 at 901 G Street, NW, is the only building in Washington, D.C., by any of the “big three” Modernist architects (Mies, LeCorbusier, and Frank Lloyd Wright). The Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library stood as the only monument to Dr. King in the nation’s capital for 30 years until the recent opening of the national Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial. It holds special significance to the millions of Washingtonians who have come to the library to participate in a wide array of programs and activities, and is a center of community life in the District. The Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library library is the only one ever designed Sarah Rouse. Watercolor on paper, 15” x 12” by Mies and was constructed with a flexible interior plan and the capacity to add a fifth story when needed. These measures were taken to ensure the building could continue to serve its intended purpose for approximately 150 years. Deferred maintenance has threatened the integrity of this building for years. The D.C. Government and library planners are working on plans to modify and modernize the building.

Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library Marios Savva. Digital image, 20.25” x 26”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 13 McMillan Reservoir Sand Filtration Site Threat: Neglect and Development Bounded by North Capitol Street and Michigan Avenue, First Street, and Channing Street, NW, the sand filtration site filtered and purified much of the city’s water from 1905 until 1986. The 1905 completion of the McMillan Reservoir Sand Filtration Site was a Washington public health milestone. Its innovative system of water purification, which relied on sand rather than chemicals, led to the elimination of Through the Fence at McMillan Park Carole Lewis Anderson. Digital image, 17.25” x 21.25” typhoid epidemics and the reduction of many other communicable diseases in the city. The 25-acre site consists of regulator houses, sand bins, washers and underground sand filtration beds. A legacy of the City Beautiful Movement, the complex was an engineering wonder when it first opened. In 1906 Secretary of War William Howard Taft designated the site part of the McMillan Reservoir Park, a memorial to Senator James McMillan (R-Michigan) honoring his work as chairman of the Senate Commission on the Improvement of the Park System, also known as the McMillan Commission. Senator McMillan led the planning for the subsequent redevelopment of the city as a combination of Beaux-Arts architecture amid the restoration of the original L’Enfant Plan at the turn of the 20th century. Today’s Federal Triangle and permanent reservation of open green spaces owe their origins to the work of the civil engineers, urban planners, artists, and architects of the McMillan Chimneys Frame Entrance to a Cell under McMillan Park Commission. Current development Carole Lewis Anderson. Digital image, 20.5” x 16.5” plans call for more than 2.1 million square feet of development on this protected site. Controversy still remains within the neighborhood as to the best use of the site.

14 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG McMillan Reservoir Sand Filtration Site, DC Brian Filipowich. Oil on canvas, 24” x 30” The Long View Lisa Rosenstein. Digital image, 19.25” x 23”

McMillan Sand Towers Leonard Jewler. Digital image, 11.5” x 14.75” Study for Center of the World Elaine Wilson. Drawing, 25.25” x 35”

Study for McMillan in Evening Elaine Wilson. Drawing, 20.25” x 35”

The Lonely One Lisa Rosenstein. Digital image, 23.25” x 19.25”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 15 Metropolitan African Mt. Zion Cemetery Methodist Episcopal Church Threat: Financial Hardship Threat: Financial Hardship Mount Zion Cemetery at 27th and Q The Metropolitan African Methodist Streets, NW, plays an important role as Episcopal Church located at 1518 a reminder of African American culture M Street, NW, is home to the city’s in early Georgetown. The Dumbarton oldest African Methodist Episcopal Street Methodist Episcopal Church, a congregation. Designed by architect white church that permitted African Samuel G. T. Morsell, the Gothic style American parishioners, purchased the brick church has been a bastion land in 1808, where it developed what of civil and human rights since its became known as the Old Methodist dedication on May 30, 1886. The church Burying Ground. The African American was founded in 1838 as an African members of this congregation broke off American mission. Like its parent to form Mount Zion United Methodist denomination, the Metropolitan AME Church in 1816. In 1879 Mount Zion took Church was rooted in opposition to control of the cemetery and of the slavery and the belief that African adjacent Female Union Band Cemetery, Americans were entitled to equality. established in 1842 by a benevolent AME Church members throughout the society of free African American nation contributed funds to construct women. Georgetown, founded in the Metropolitan Church, popularly 1751, has always numbered African considered the “National Cathedral Americans in its population, especially Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church Indrani Gnanasiri. Acrylic paint, 15” x 11.75” of African Methodism.” Their gifts are in the small houses of the Herring Hill memorialized in the building’s majestic area, south of P Street, NW, between stained glass windows, which document Rock Creek park and 31st Street. In the the growth of the denomination early 20th century, African Americans during the 19th century. The church’s dominated Georgetown’s population. parishioners have included leading In the 1930s, with the arrival of the members of the city’s African American Franklin Roosevelt administration, community such as Frederick Douglass, Georgetown was “discovered” by whose funeral services were held on incoming white government officials, site. Although some funds have been and many black families were forced received for restoration of the stained from rental properties or chose glass windows, many repairs still remain. to sell their properties as an early wave of gentrification overwhelmed the community. This cemetery and its church remains as a physical representation of the society and culture created by African Americans in Georgetown. Partners are working together with DCPL on a preservation plan for the site.

Untitled Mt Zion Cemetery Angel Ashley Brown. Digital image, 21” x 25” Ellen Myer. Watercolor on paper, 14” x 12”

16 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG St. Elizabeths East Agricultural Complex Threat: Neglect Established as the U.S. Government Hospital for the Insane in 1855, St. Elizabeths has a long history in the pioneering treatment of the mentally ill. The federal government established St. Elizabeths in the Anacostia Hills in part because the sweeping views of the Anacostia River and the federal city were prized for their curative qualities. The site, a National Historic Landmark, comprises more than 300 acres bisected by Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue, SE. The buildings to the Agricultural Center in Winter east of the avenue, which are owned Cathy Abramson. Oil on canvas, 18.25” x 22.25” by the D.C. Government, are largely of 20th-century origin. Both sides have a campus layout with a succession of quadrangles, with curving drives between. The East Agricultural Complex was a self-contained and largely self- sufficient settlement including the 148- acre Shepherd Farm, acquired in 1869 to provide grazing land for St. Elizabeths’ herds. Until the turn of the 20th century, this land (today’s East Campus) was used almost exclusively for farming to feed the hospital’s staff and patients. Among the agricultural buildings are a grouping of dairy barns, a horse barn, a poultry house, and piggeries. Facilities for patients were added to Agriculture and Neglect the East Campus beginning in 1902. In Ayanah George. Digital image, 14.25” x 18.25” the years that followed World War I, the need for buildings increased and space needed for agricultural activities diminished. As a result, after World War II, agricultural production ceased, and many of the buildings that made up the complex were demolished. Today, only two agricultural buildings remain—the horse stable and the dry barn. Some former staff residences were relocated to the area. What little remains of the institution’s agricultural history is in deteriorating condition and increasingly Southeast Agricultural subject to demolition by neglect amid Ayanah George. Digital image, 13.75” x 18” on-going development plans.

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 17 Stevens School Threat: Neglect The Thaddeus Stevens School, at 1050 21st Street, NW, is one of the city’s oldest surviving elementary schools constructed for African American students. Built in 1868 and largely rebuilt and enlarged in 1896, the Stevens School was listed in the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites in 1972 and then in the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. The school was shuttered in 2008. Earlier this year, a development team was chosen to rehabilitate the school and develop its open space into an office structure. Stevens’ Ivy Ashley Brown. Digital image, 19.5” x 23.5”

Strand Theater in Deanwood Threat: Neglect When impresario A.E. Lichtman built it in 1928, the Strand Theater, at 5131 Grant Road, NE, included stores, a dance hall, and poolroom. It complemented the recreational facilities of nearby Suburban Gardens, then the only African American community amusement park in the segregated city. The first motion picture theater to be built in the section of Northeast east of the Anacostia, the Strand served the Deanwood community as a movie theater into the 1970s. Briefly used for a store, the building has stood vacant and deteriorating for decades. There are Folklife in Deanwood no solid plans for the theater’s future Lisa Diop. Digital image montage, 16.5” x 20.5” beyond stabilization; however, the city envisions a commercial redevelopment of the site.

18 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Superintendant’s House— Dalecarlia Reservoir Threat: Neglect The two-story, Second-Empire-style, 1875 brick residence at 5211 Little Falls Road, NW, was designed by Brigadier General Montgomery C. Meigs, engineer designer of the Washington Aqueduct as well as several Civil War forts, the old Pension Building, Arlington Cemetery, and expansions of the Capitol. The house and reservoir are elements contributing to the significance of the aqueduct, one of America’s early big-city water systems and a National Historic Landmark. The house resembles the model entrance/sexton Superintendent’s House - Dalecarlia Reservoir lodges that Meigs designed for the Gale Wallar. Oil on canvas, 11.5” x 14.5” National Cemeteries established during the Civil War, including Battleground National Cemetery on Georgia Avenue, NW. No funds are currently allocated for stabilization or reuse of the structure.

The Takoma Theatre in Takoma, DC Threat: Neglect and Alterations

The Takoma Theatre, designed by THE THEATRE Baltimore architect John Zink, opened Zoe Aparicio. Digital image, 17.25” x 31.54” in July 1923. Of the seven Zink-designed theaters still functioning in this area, the Takoma, at 6833 Fourth Street, NW, is the only one that remains unaltered. Until the 1980s it was used exclusively for films. In 1984 the stage was modified and it became a performing arts venue for drama, dance, and music. It was later also used by independent filmmakers for film premieres. In the early 2000s it was operated under lease by a nonprofit organization, the Takoma Theatre Arts Project; the lease ended in late 2005. It is currently vacant despite plans for redevelopment.

Takoma Theater Edward Savwoir. Digital image, 16.25” x 20.25”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 19 Washington Canoe Club Threat: Financial Hardship Designed by Georges P. Hales in 1904, the Washington Canoe Club, at 3700 Water Street, NW, has been a fixture on the Georgetown waterfront and an important center for Washington recreation for more than a century. Its “flow-through” design has withstood floods and ice jams with little damage. In addition to its being an excellent example of Shingle style architecture, the building’s interior is decorated with a circa 1910 frieze by Felix Mahony, a cartoonist for the Washington Star and the founder of the National Art School. The frieze was restored in 1981. The club represents the role of athletic clubs in 20th-century recreational life and has produced numerous national champions and Olympic medalists. Despite upkeep over the years by loyal club members, the structure is deteriorating both internally and externally. The shingles are in poor condition, the windows, Summer on the Potomac window frames, and building systems Barbara Brennan. Oil on canvas, 20” x 20” are in need of repair, the roof needs replacement, and there are structural issues with the floor, walls, and building frame. Due to unclear ownership of the property, neither the Washington Canoe Club nor the National Park Service has been inclined to invest in restoration of the building and in 2010 the Park Service deemed the structure unsafe for occupancy. In the summer of 2014, the Park Service completed a Historic Structure Assessment Report on the building to aid in rehabilitation efforts; however, the agency does not have the funding to complete this work. Under its current partnership with the Park Service, the Washington Canoe Club is looking to launch a fundraising campaign.

20 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG Washington Canoe Club David Drown. Watercolor on paper, 22.5” x 28.5”

Beyond the Bridge Kimberly Cousins. Digital image, 25.75” x 19.5”

Washington Canoe Club Circa 1904 Karen Komar. Digital image, 21.5” x 27.5”

On the Waterfront Kimberly Cousins. Digital image, 12” x 12”

No Entry For Lounging Adriel Sanders. Digital image, 13” x 16”

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 21 Watchman’s Lodge and Tower Threat: Neglect and Financial Hardship This facility at Fort Reno was constructed in 1904 on Donaldson Place, NW, to meet the growing demand for water in the Tenleytown vicinity. Wood, Donn, and Deming, a prominent Washington architectural firm, designed the watchman’s lodge and tower in an engineering-adapted Flemish Revival style. The embellishments of the lodge and tower—quoining, decorative patterns in the brick, and half timbering—are unusual for structures Tenleytown Watch House & Water Tower - 2015 designed for utilitarian purposes. Very Sally Canzoneri. Digital image, 20” x 25” little has been modified in the years since construction. As part of the larger engineering history of Washington, D.C., this site is also significant for its connection to two important engineers, Montgomery C. Meigs and Allen Hazen, who designed the city’s pioneering gravity-fed aqueduct system in the mid- 19th century. The lack of a stable roof has caused substantial deterioration within the Watchman’s Lodge. No concrete plans are in place for its rehabilitation or reuse.

Watchman’s Tower Angeliki Kourelis. Digital image, 16.5” x 12.5”

22 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG West Heating Plant Threat: Demolition The West Heating Plant, completed in 1948, was designed by W.M. Dewey Foster to generate steam for nearby federal buildings. Authorized as part of the Federal Works Agency’s building program, the project at 1051 29th Street, NW, was managed by Gilbert Stanley Underwood, supervising architect for the FWA’s Public Buildings Administration. This monumental six-story building, with its streamlined façades of buff-colored brick, illustrates a shift from the Art Deco toward a more minimalist version of the Moderne Edge Joshua Hill. Digital image, 15” x 19” style. The building features rhythmically recessed and projecting wall surfaces, curved walls, and abstract imagery, but the design is more understated with smooth wall planes, linear brick corner embellishments, and subtle architectural details. The building successfully combines stylistic modern details into the design of a substantial industrial building. The West Heating Plant has been nominated for inclusion in the D.C. Inventory of Historic Sites as an individual Landmark, and is located within the already protected Georgetown Historic District. In 2014 the General Services Administration sold the property at public auction. The building was conveyed with a covenant requiring redevelopment of the property to comply with the Secretary of Interior Standards for Rehabilitation.

FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG 23 HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, D.C. BOARD OF TRUSTEES, STAFF, AND VOLUNTEERS

Board of Trustees Julie B. Koczela, Debra Friedmann, Edward J. Phillips, Chair, Principal, Koczela and Associates* Certified Master Guide, Director of Exhibitions, Guild of Professional Tour Guides U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum Allison M. Bickers, of Washington, DC Vice-Chair, Certified Planner, Nikki DeJesus Sertsu, Cooper Carry Newman T. Halvorson, Jr., Senior Consultant, Retired Partner, Covington & Burling LLP Arts Consulting Group Judy Hubbard, Secretary Austin H. Kiplinger, Scott Williams, Kiplinger Washington Editors, Inc. Senior VP of Sales & Marketing, John K. Hoskinson, NEWSEUM Treasurer, Principal, Antoinette J. Lee, 888 Property Investors LLC Independent Historian Helena E. Wright, Curator of Graphic Arts, National Kevin J. Clinton, Maria Marable-Bunch, Museum of American History Chief Operating Officer, Director of Education and Public Federal City Council Programs, National Archives and *Affiliations are for identification Records Administration purposes only Russell A. Dawson, Retired Partner, Potomac Amanda Ohlke, Communications Group Director of Adult Education, International Spy Museum

Staff Volunteers John Suau, Executive Director Walter Albano Ann Kessler Nancy Schwartz Anne McDonough, Library and Jack Brewer Eda Offutt Eric Stoykovich Collections Director Gordon Brown Elizabeth Ratigan Meris Westberg Adam Lewis, Communications Director Elise Fariello Anne Rollins Dave Wood Laura Barry, Research Services Librarian Marianne Gill Brianne Roth Alonita Vannoy, Office Manager Martha Harmon Canden Schwantes Karen Harris, Programs Coordinator Katrina Ingraham, Office Assistant Chris Myers Asch, Editor, Washington History Jane Freundel Levey, Managing Editor, Washington History

ARTISTS SELECTED FOR THE TOP 75 Cathy Abramson Kimberly Cousins Joshua Hill Robert MacDonald Kate Patsch Cindy Vasko Carole Lewis Lisa Diop Michael Horsley Christopher Justin Pyles Gale Wallar Anderson Marrow David Drown Marty Ittner Verena Radulovic Jane Webb Zoe Aparicio Rodney Mathis Ann Elkington Leonard Jewler Lisa Rosenstein Jai Williams Devereaux Barnes Donald Myer Brian Filipowich Karen Komar Sarah Rouse Elaine Wilson Kent Boese Ellen Myer Ayanah George Angeliki Kourelis Adriel Sanders John Young Barbara Brennan Edward Newton Indrani Gnanasiri Hamid Lagder Marios Savva Karen Zens Ashley Brown Charlene Nield Jim Havard Emily Long Edward Savwoir Sally Canzoneri Rindy OBrien

24 FOR THE RECORD: ARTFULLY HISTORIC D.C. | 2015 CATALOG COMING SOON...

For the Record: The Art of Lily Spandorf An exhibition curated by the The Austrian-born Lily Spandorf For the Record: the Art of Lily Historical Society of Washington, D.C., made her living as an artist in Spandorf is a production of the and the new George Washington Washington from 1960 until her death Historical Society of Washington, University Museum and The in 2000. In addition to commissions D.C., in partnership with the George Textile Museum features treasures for U.S. presidents and private Washington University Museum from the Historical Society’s Lily clients, Spandorf recorded breaking and The Textile Museum, featuring Spandorf Collection. news events for the Evening Star the Albert H. Small Washingtoniana and The Washington Post. Many of Collection. Additional artworks In addition to evocative and her published illustrations were the appear courtesy of the U.S. Senate, memorable paintings of Washington, result of her own enterprise: being the Smithsonian Institution, and the the exhibition gathers rarely seen at (or going to) the right place at National Press Club. sketch portraits and action drawings the right time. Charmed by what she from collections across the city. Opening soon at the George saw as the city’s European character, For the Record: The Art of Lily Washington University Museum she made a point of capturing Spandorf is a look back at the city and The Textile Museum, 701 21st small-scale, 19th-century buildings that this enterprising artist and Street, NW. For exhibit opening before they were demolished for journalist captured and celebrated. details, sign up for our newsletter at modern development. www.DCHistory.org.

Seventy of these original documentary artworks can be yours through the For the Record online auction! You may bid online until the closing event on May 27, 2015. Visit www.32auctions.org/ForTheRecord to view all the available works of art. About the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. The Historical Society of Washington, D.C., is a community-supported educational and research organization that collects, interprets, and shares the history of our nation’s capital. Founded in 1894, the Historical Society serves a diverse audience through its collections, public programs, exhibitions, and publications. The Historical Society’s galleries and research library are open Tuesday through Friday, 10 a.m. –4 p.m. The organization is located in the historic Carnegie Library at Mt. Vernon Square. www.dchistory.org

About DC Preservation League The mission of the DC Preservation League is to preserve, protect, and enhance the historic and built environment of Washington, DC, through advocacy and education. www.dcpreservation.org

About the Capitol Hill Art League The Capitol Hill Art League (CHAL) is a visual arts program of the Capitol Hill Arts Workshop (CHAW) with members drawn from the Capital Hill neighborhood, the city and the region. CHAL promotes the visual arts in the Capitol Hill community and beyond. The organization’s principal effort is to produce six juried exhibits and one non-juried holiday sale from September to May through which members can exhibit and sell their work. The juried exhibits are displayed at both the Gallery in CHAW as well as at external venues throughout the DC region. www.caphillartleague.org