Four important types of chemical reactions
Name of Reaction General Reaction Patterns Synthesis Reaction ⇴ A + B ⟶ AB (Combination Reaction) Chemical Equations 2 Decomposition Reaction ⇴ AB ⟶ A + B
Types of Chemical Reactions Single Replacement Reaction ⇴ A + BC ⟶ AC + B
Double Replacement Reaction ⇴ AD + BC ⟶ AC + BD
Synthesis Reaction ⟾ Two or more reactants unite to Decomposition Reaction ⟾ A single reactant is form a single product. decomposed or broken down into two or more products.
A + B ⟶ AB AB ⟶ A + B
2 S + O2 ⟶ SO2 CaCO3 ⟶ CaO + CO2 sulfur + oxygen ⟶ sulfur dioxide calcium carbonate ⟶ calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
2 S + 3 O2 ⟶ 2 SO3 2 H2O ⟶ 2 H2 + O2 sulfur + oxygen ⟶ sulfur trioxide water ⟶ hydrogen + oxygen
2 Fe + O2 ⟶ 2 FeO 2 KClO3 ⟶ 2 KCl + 3 O2 iron + oxygen ⟶ iron (II) oxide potassium chlorate ⟶ potassium chloride + oxygen Single Replacement Reaction ⟾ A single more reactive free Double Replacement Reaction ⟾ This reaction can be element replaces one of the elements in a compound. viewed as an “exchange of partners.”
A + BC ⟶ AC + B AD + BC ⟶ AC + BD
Zn + 2 HCl ⟶ ZnCl2 + H2 HCl + NaOH ⟶ HOH + NaCl zinc + hydrochloric acid⟶ zinc chloride + hydrogen hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide⟶ water + sodium chloride
Cu + 2 AgNO3 ⟶ 2 Ag + Cu(NO3)2 BaCl2 + 2 AgNO3 ⟶ Ba(NO3)2 + 2 AgCl copper + silver nitrate ⟶ silver + copper (II) nitrate barium chloride + silver nitrate ⟶ barium nitrate + silver chloride CaCO + 2 HCl⟶ CaCl + H CO H2 + 2 AgNO3 ⟶ 2 HNO3 + 2 Ag 3 2 2 3 hydrogen + silver nitrate ⟶ nitric acid + silver calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ⟶ calcium chloride + carbonic acid
Combustion of Hydrogen Gas Combustion Reactions Always involve oxygen as a reactant. 2 H2 + O2 ⟶ 2 H2O + Energy Always release energy in the form of light and energy. Combustion of Carbon-Based Fuels Combustion of Carbon-Based Fuels
Hydrocarbons-compounds that contain only carbons and hydrogens. Other carbon based fuels-ethanol
C H + O ⟶ CO + H O + 흙 H x y 2 2 2 C2H5OH+ 3 O2 ⟶ 2 CO2 + 3 H2O + ENERGY
ethanol + oxygen ⟶ carbon dioxide + water + light & heat energy C3H8 + 5 O2 ⟶ 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + ENERGY
Propane + oxygen ⟶ carbon dioxide + water + light & heat energy
Balance the following equation & indicate the type of chemical Balance the following equation & indicate the type of chemical reaction taking place. reaction taking place.
NaBr + H3PO4→Na3PO4 + HBr NH3 + I2 → N2I6 + H2 3 NaBr + H PO → Na PO + 3 HBr 3 4 3 4 2 NH3 + I2 → N2I6 + 3 H2 Double Replacement Single Replacement
PbSO → PbSO + O 4 3 2 H2O + SO3→ HSO4 2PbSO → 2PbSO + O 4 3 2 H2O + SO3→ HSO4 Decomposition Synthesis Balance the following equation & indicate the type of chemical reaction taking place.
C6H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
2 C6H10 + 17 O2 → 12 CO2 + 12 H2O Combustion dicarbon hexahydride+oxygen→carbon dioxide+water
2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O Combustion