DOCSLIB.ORG

KURİKİ HÖYÜK, a SMALL SETTLEMENT at the CONFLUENCE of the BATMAN and TIGRIS RIVERS Evidence from the Late Iron Age to the Parthian Period

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
KURİKİ HÖYÜK, a SMALL SETTLEMENT at the CONFLUENCE of the BATMAN and TIGRIS RIVERS Evidence from the Late Iron Age to the Parthian Period Anatolica XLIV, 2018, 1-42. doi: 10.2143/ANA.44.0.3285049 KURİKİ HÖYÜK, A SMALL SETTLEMENT AT THE CONFLUENCE OF THE BATMAN AND TIGRIS RIVERS Evidence from the Late Iron Age to the Parthian period Anacleto D’Agostino and Elif Genç* Abstract This paper concerns the results of two seasons of work at Kuriki Höyük on the left bank of Batman Çayı, in SE Turkey. Architecture and materials provide information on a little known period in the region, comprising the second half of first millennium BC to the first centuries of Common Era. Focusing on pottery sherds, a few objects and architectural remains, contextual analysis enable us to define aspects of the local material culture, main phases of occupation at the site and the regional links. On the whole, more attention has been paid to interpreting all the evidence collected, although fragmentary, framing it within a general chronological grid, and summarising the main historical events that could have had consequences on the sequence of occupation. The site and its sequence The site of Kuriki Höyük (37°47’28.6”N 41°00’45.8”E) is located on a terrace on the eastern bank of the Batman Çayı in close proximity to its confluence with the Tigris river, approximately 1 km from the village of Oymataş (Fig. 1). This terrace flanks the Batman Çayı and becomes wider at the confluence with the Tigris. It rises few meters above the river flood- plain, is delimited by hills to the north and by a steep rock slope rising to the south-east. At the foot of these high cliffs the meander of the Tigris borders the site on its south-eastern side, while the Batman Çayı flanks its south-western side. Immediately north-east of the Batman Çayı, low hills rise progressively from the flat landscape delineating an undulating landscape, with higher hills towards the north. This is the last relatively large fertile area along the course of the Tigris, the terminal part of the long, west-east Tigris river valley. In fact, downstream from the confluence with the Batman Çayı, the meandering course of the Tigris starts to flow through high cliffs, between the northern fringes of the Tur Abdin highlands and the Raman- dağ. Here the areas usable for agriculture are quite rare or totally absent. The site is ovoid in shape, measuring 250 × 100 m, with the main axis oriented E-W. It consists of a main low mound clearly visible among the agricultural fields and a low flat area that rises progressively towards the west, where the slight convexity of a second very low mound is located. The profile of the site, seen from a nearby steep cliff south of the Tigris river * Elif Genç (Çukurova University) wrote “The site and its sequence”; A. D’Agostino (University of Pisa) wrote the remainder, the catalogue of pottery and composed figures and plates. A special thank you goes to Stefano Anastasio, Rocco Palermo, Raffaella Pappalardo and Valentina Gallerani for useful suggestions and comments. Any errors, of course, are the responsibility of the authors only. 2 Anacleto D’Agostino and Elif Genç Fig. 1. Map of the Upper Tigris valley showing the location of Kuriki Höyük and other sites (courtesy of Jason Ur, modified) and view of Kuriki from South. overlooking the entire valley, recalls the shape of a saddle, sloping gently towards the rivers. The main low mound has been named Kuriki 1 and the topographic anomaly at the western edge, the second very low mound, is Kuriki 2. The excavations have revealed that the flat area between both low mounds and the slope degrading toward the Batman Çayı were also occu- pied by the settlement, with relics of dwellings and graves (Genç 2016: 166 and res. 10; Genç and Yıldız Köse 2017: 285-286). Kuriki Höyük was identified at the time of the first extensive survey along the Batman Çayı. In the map of ancient settlements surveyed in 1988, it was labelled as site number 70 (Algaze 1989: fig. 2b) and as number 76 in the latest map (Algaze et al. 1991: fig. 2b). The first season of excavations took place in the summer of 2009. It was carried out by a Turkish-Italian team under the direction of Elif Genç (Çukurova University), on behalf of the Museum of Mardin, within the framework of Ilısu Dam HES program for rescue excavations. The results of the first two seasons, made it possible to reconstruct the history of the occupation of the site, exposing a sequence of five main archaeological levels subdivided into eleven sub-phases (Genç, Valentini and D’Agostino 2012: 464-465). The earlier traces uncov- Anatolica XLIV, 3 ered at mound of Kuriki 1 were reached in a deep sounding. This level consisted of a floor with a silo containing 45 kg of carbonized seeds, mainly lentils, which was discovered underneath a long sequence of strata dated to the Late Chalcolithic / beginning of Early Bronze Age. These strata belong to the earliest uncovered settlement at the site, Level IV. The layers on top of the remains of Level IV, are dated to historical times, starting with Level III, dated approximate- ly to the second half of the 1st millennium BC. The layers and buildings directly below the modern mound surface are disturbed by ploughing and erosion, but provide many elements for reconstructing the final occupation of the site (levels II and I). A radiocarbon sample tak- en from the floor of room 5 (locus 7) of the main building, provided the date of 200-45 BC (%95)1. The material collected on the surface of the mound, becomes in itself also interesting as it reflects what remains of the eroded strata or architecture. This article aims at publishing the findings of the first two campaigns, integrating most of what has been already made available in the preliminary reports (Genç and Yildiz Köse 2017; Genç 2016; Genç, Valentini and D’Agostino 2011 and 2012; Valentini 2012). Moreover, it will attempt to provide a better chronology of the later settlement, despite the fragmented archaeological evidence. Meanwhile, this work remains a summarized overview of stratigraphy and architecture, awaiting the final publication, which in preparation. The general chronological framework for the last occupation of the site can be established on the basis of the surface material and the remains of the upper levels of the sequence found in situ, altogeth- er providing a clear insight into the processes of use and reuse of the area from the Iron Age until the first centuries of the 1st millennium of the Common Era. Architecture The top of the low mound of Kuriki 1 (Area A) is occupied by the basement of a quadrangular multi-roomed building, oriented North-east/South-west, and by an elongated structure, closely related to this in both structure and function, probably a storeroom (Figs. 2 and 3). Only the foundations and traces of the mud-brick upper wall on top of them have survived. Some pits (level 0) cutting the architectural remains have been identified in relation to the remains exposed both in Kuriki 1 and 2 as well as traces of dismantling activities by vil- lagers. The first chronological framework for the tentative date of the building found directly under the surface soil, relies upon the analysis of the architecture and a series of remarks and deductions from the mixed assemblage of pottery sherds found in the filling of the rooms and sparse finds form the surface of the site. The main building (19.30 × 18.00 m) is composed of six rooms and a long central corridor that separates it in two regular wings. The rooms are rectangular and of different sizes, leading off either side the narrow corridor. Portions of a well-made mud-plaster floor have been preserved in rooms 5, 2, in the corridor and in a corner of room 1, as well as traces of plaster on the walls. A very poorly preserved fireplace is located against the south-eastern wall of room 5 (Fig. 3, at the centre). It consists of a rectangular bench in mud-bricks covered with whitish plaster and with a semi-circular kerb that lay on a very low rectangular platform rising 1 The sample, n. 404872 (Beta Analytic Laboratory), consisted of burned wood (4.3 gr). 4 Anacleto D’Agostino and Elif Genç Fig. 2. Plan of the buildings of level II on top of Mound 1, Area A (modified from Valentini 2012: fig. 8). Fig. 3. The quadrangular building, level II. Remains of the mud-brick walls are preserved in the central portion of the building. From West. slightly above the floor. Traces of fire are visible on the platform and in relation with the bench. Evidence of a last reuse of the building is represented by signs and remains of fireplaces in the corridor and in room 2, and in relation with the northern wall. Anatolica XLIV, 5 The construction pattern is not uniform but represented by a mixed system, with different masonry techniques. The foundation walls of the main building are made mainly of small stones and medium sized stones, pebbles and, only over a limited portion, on the south- ern and western sides, include one course of limestone ashlar blocks fitted closely together. The thickness of the walls is 1.50 m whereas the height is variable, in response to the irregularity of the mound, and at the centre of the building reaches 1.30 m, with about five courses of stones. The stone foundation walls supported mud-brick (40 × 40 × 10 cm) walls, preserved in the central portion of the building.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Applying Satellite Data Sources in the Documentation and Landscape Modelling for Graeco-Roman/Byzantine Fortified Sites in the Tūr Abdin Area, Eastern Turkey
    ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume IV-2/W2, 2017 26th International CIPA Symposium 2017, 28 August–01 September 2017, Ottawa, Canada APPLYING SATELLITE DATA SOURCES IN THE DOCUMENTATION AND LANDSCAPE MODELLING FOR GRAECO-ROMAN/BYZANTINE FORTIFIED SITES IN THE TŪR ABDIN AREA, EASTERN TURKEY Kenneth Silvera *, Minna Silverb, Markus Törmä c, Jari Okkonend, Tuula Okkonene a Principal Investigator, Dr., The Institute for Digital Archaeology, Oxford, UK, [email protected] bAdj. Prof., Oulu University, Finland, [email protected], c Techn. Lic., Aalto University, Finland, [email protected] d Dr. Oulu University, Finland, [email protected] , e Dr. Oulu University, Finland, [email protected] Commission II KEY WORDS: Remote sensing, satellite images, GeoEye-1, Roman limes studies, Byzantine studies, archaeological survey, GIS ABSTRACT: In 2015-2016 the Finnish-Swedish Archaeological Project in Mesopotamia (FSAPM) initiated a pilot study of an unexplored area in the Tūr Abdin region in Northern Mesopotamia (present-day Mardin Province in southeastern Turkey). FSAPM is reliant on satellite image data sources for prospecting, identifying, recording, and mapping largely unknown archaeological sites as well as studying their landscapes in the region. The purpose is to record and document sites in this endangered area for saving its cultural heritage. The sites in question consist of fortified architectural remains in an ancient border zone between the Graeco-Roman/Byzantine world and Parthia/Persia. The location of the archaeological sites in the terrain and the visible archaeological remains, as well as their dimensions and sizes were determined from the ortorectified satellite images, which also provided coordinates.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Change in Eleventh-Century Armenia: the Evidence from Tarōn Tim Greenwood (University of St Andrews)
    Social Change in Eleventh-Century Armenia: the evidence from Tarōn Tim Greenwood (University of St Andrews) The social history of tenth and eleventh-century Armenia has attracted little in the way of sustained research or scholarly analysis. Quite why this should be so is impossible to answer with any degree of confidence, for as shall be demonstrated below, it is not for want of contemporary sources. It may perhaps be linked to the formative phase of modern Armenian historical scholarship, in the second half of the nineteenth century, and its dominant mode of romantic nationalism. The accounts of political capitulation by Armenian kings and princes and consequent annexation of their territories by a resurgent Byzantium sat very uncomfortably with the prevailing political aspirations of the time which were validated through an imagined Armenian past centred on an independent Armenian polity and a united Armenian Church under the leadership of the Catholicos. Finding members of the Armenian elite voluntarily giving up their ancestral domains in exchange for status and territories in Byzantium did not advance the campaign for Armenian self-determination. It is also possible that the descriptions of widespread devastation suffered across many districts and regions of central and western Armenia at the hands of Seljuk forces in the eleventh century became simply too raw, too close to the lived experience and collective trauma of Armenians in these same districts at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries, to warrant
    [Show full text]
  • OLBA XXIII (Ayrıbasım / Offprint)
    ISSN 1301 7667 MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ KILIKIA ARKEOLOJİSİNİ ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ MERSIN UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF THE RESEARCH CENTER OF CILICIAN ARCHAEOLOGY KAAM YAYINLARI OLBA XXIII (Ayrıbasım / Offprint) MERSİN 2015 KAAM YAYINLARI OLBA XXIII © 2015 Mersin Üniversitesi/Türkiye ISSN 1301 7667 Yayıncı Sertifika No: 14641 OLBA dergisi; ARTS & HUMANITIES CITATION INDEX, EBSCO, PROQUEST ve TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM Sosyal Bilimler Veri Tabanlarında taranmaktadır. Alman Arkeoloji Enstitüsü’nün (DAI) Kısaltmalar Dizini’nde ‘OLBA’ şeklinde yer almaktadır. OLBA dergsi hakemlidir. Makalelerdeki görüş, düşünce ve bilimsel değerlendirmelerin yasal sorumluluğu yazarlara aittir. The articles are evaluated by referees. The legal responsibility of the ideas, opinions and scientific evaluations are carried by the author. OLBA dergisi, Mayıs ayında olmak üzere, yılda bir kez basılmaktadır. Published each year in May. KAAM’ın izni olmadan OLBA’nın hiçbir bölümü kopya edilemez. Alıntı yapılması durumunda dipnot ile referans gösterilmelidir. It is not allowed to copy any section of OLBA without the permit of KAAM. OLBA dergisinde makalesi yayımlanan her yazar, makalesinin baskı olarak ve elektronik ortamda yayımlanmasını kabul etmiş ve telif haklarını OLBA dergisine devretmiş sayılır. Each author whose article is published in OLBA shall be considered to have accepted the article to be published in print version and electronically and thus have transferred the copyrights to the journal OLBA.. OLBA’ya gönderilen makaleler aşağıdaki web adresinde ve bu cildin giriş sayfalarında belirtilen formatlara uygun olduğu taktirde basılacaktır. Articles should be written according the formats mentioned in the following web address. Redaktion: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Deniz Kaplan OLBA’nın yeni sayılarında yayınlanması istenen makaleler için yazışma adresi: Correspondance addresses for sending articles to following volumes of OLBA: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • ROUTES and COMMUNICATIONS in LATE ROMAN and BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (Ca
    ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY TÜLİN KAYA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY JULY 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. D. Burcu ERCİYAS Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Suna GÜVEN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ufuk SERİN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe F. EROL (Hacı Bayram Veli Uni., Arkeoloji) Assist. Prof. Dr. Emine SÖKMEN (Hitit Uni., Arkeoloji) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Tülin Kaya Signature : iii ABSTRACT ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) Kaya, Tülin Ph.D., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Armenia, Republic of | Grove
    Grove Art Online Armenia, Republic of [Hayasdan; Hayq; anc. Pers. Armina] Lucy Der Manuelian, Armen Zarian, Vrej Nersessian, Nonna S. Stepanyan, Murray L. Eiland and Dickran Kouymjian https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T004089 Published online: 2003 updated bibliography, 26 May 2010 Country in the southern part of the Transcaucasian region; its capital is Erevan. Present-day Armenia is bounded by Georgia to the north, Iran to the south-east, Azerbaijan to the east and Turkey to the west. From 1920 to 1991 Armenia was a Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR, but historically its land encompassed a much greater area including parts of all present-day bordering countries (see fig.). At its greatest extent it occupied the plateau covering most of what is now central and eastern Turkey (c. 300,000 sq. km) bounded on the north by the Pontic Range and on the south by the Taurus and Kurdistan mountains. During the 11th century another Armenian state was formed to the west of Historic Armenia on the Cilician plain in south-east Asia Minor, bounded by the Taurus Mountains on the west and the Amanus (Nur) Mountains on the east. Its strategic location between East and West made Historic or Greater Armenia an important country to control, and for centuries it was a battlefield in the struggle for power between surrounding empires. Periods of domination and division have alternated with centuries of independence, during which the country was divided into one or more kingdoms. Page 1 of 47 PRINTED FROM Oxford Art Online. © Oxford University Press, 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • The Expansion of Christianity: a Gazetteer of Its First Three Centuries
    THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY SUPPLEMENTS TO VIGILIAE CHRISTIANAE Formerly Philosophia Patrum TEXTS AND STUDIES OF EARLY CHRISTIAN LIFE AND LANGUAGE EDITORS J. DEN BOEFT — J. VAN OORT — W.L. PETERSEN D.T. RUNIA — C. SCHOLTEN — J.C.M. VAN WINDEN VOLUME LXIX THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY A GAZETTEER OF ITS FIRST THREE CENTURIES BY RODERIC L. MULLEN BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2004 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mullen, Roderic L. The expansion of Christianity : a gazetteer of its first three centuries / Roderic L. Mullen. p. cm. — (Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae, ISSN 0920-623X ; v. 69) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 90-04-13135-3 (alk. paper) 1. Church history—Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600. I. Title. II. Series. BR165.M96 2003 270.1—dc22 2003065171 ISSN 0920-623X ISBN 90 04 13135 3 © Copyright 2004 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands For Anya This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................ ix Introduction ................................................................................ 1 PART ONE CHRISTIAN COMMUNITIES IN ASIA BEFORE 325 C.E. Palestine .....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • TOCQUEVILLE in the OTTOMAN EMPIRE the OTTOMAN EMPIRE and ITS HERITAGE Politics, Society and Economy
    TOCQUEVILLE IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND ITS HERITAGE Politics, Society and Economy edited by Suraiya Faroqhi and Halil Inalcik Advisory Board Fikret Adanir • Idris Bostan • Amnon Cohen • Cornell Fleischer Barbara Flemming • Alexander de Groot • Klaus Kreiser Hans Georg Majer • Irène Mélikoff • Ahmet Yas¸ar Ocak Abdeljelil Temimi • Gilles Veinstein • Elizabeth Zachariadou VOLUME 28 TOCQUEVILLE IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Rival Paths to the Modern State BY ARIEL SALZMANN BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2004 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on http://catalog.loc.gov ISSN 1380-6076 ISBN 90 04 10887 4 © Copyright 2004 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, Rosewood Drive 222, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands SALZMAN_f1-v-xv 11/12/03 11:08 AM Page v v To my mother and father This page intentionally left blank SALZMAN_f1-v-xv 11/12/03 11:08 AM Page vii vii CONTENTS List of Illustrations ...................................................................... ix Preface ........................................................................................ xi List of Abbreviations .................................................................. xiii Note on Transliteration ............................................................ xv Introduction: Tocqueville’s Ghost .................................................. 1 In Search of an Archive ...................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Acknowledgements
    acknowledgements this book was the product of a British Acade my Mid- career Fellowship that I held 2018–19 at Aga Khan University, Institute for the Study of Muslim Ci- vilisations. I would like to thank every one at the Institute, especially the dean, Leif Stenberg, for their convivial support. My thinking on Dionysius of Tel- Mahre was first stimulated by a work- shop on elites in the caliphate that was or ga nized by Stefan Heidemann and Hannah Hagemann at Hamburg for the ERC proj ect ‘The Early Islamic Em- pire at Work’. Here I presented an early version of what became chapter 3 of this book, and the discussions I had there were very impor tant for thinking through my ideas. I also benefited from my involvement with Petra Sijpesteijn’s Leiden ERC proj ect, ‘Embedding Conquest: Naturalising Muslim Rule in the Early Islamic Empire (600–1000)’, where I presented an early version of chapter 4. Audi- ences at Oxford, Cambridge, London, Frankfurt and Milan provided feedback on many aspects of the work. Peter Van Nuffelen, Maria Conterno and Marianna Mazzola kindly shared with me their work on the fragments of Dionysius and I am very grateful to them indeed. I should like to show my par tic u lar thanks to Hannah Hagemann and Phil Booth, who read the entire manuscript of the book and made many valuable suggestions. I would also like to thank Averil Cameron, Andrew Marsham, Liza Anderson, Chip Coakley, David Taylor, Salam Rassi, Ed Hayes, Ed Zychowicz- Coghill, Fanny Bessard, Jan van Ginkel, Srecko Koralija, Daniel Hadas, James Montgomery, Andy Hilkens, Peter Sarris, Jack Tannous, Ben Tate, Sara Lerner, Hanna Siurua, Greg Fisher, and the anonymous reviewer from Prince ton University Press.
    [Show full text]
  • Nineveh 2020-2
    CULTURAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIAL Established 1964 Ancient Assyrian New Year Wish in Cuneiform “I write for your well-being on the occasion of the New Year –– May you be happy, May you remain in good health May the god who looks after you provide you with good things” Publication of the Assyrian Foundation of America Volume 45, Number 2, 2020 From the President Contents Dear Nineveh Magazine Readers and AFA members, 4 Gilgamesh Performance 23 Their Story Will Soon Drown: A Christian Professionals and Assyrian Children Family of Middle East Survivors For those of you who don’t know me, I am the new- Nuri Kino ly elected president of the Assyrian Foundation of America 7 Nineveh Magazine The Assyrian Foundation (AFA). Before I provide you with more information regard- 24 Dr. Emmanuel Ramsin ing my background, I would like to thank our previous In Memoriam president Jackie Yelda for the many years of hard work and 8 AKITU 1670 achievements that she provided to the AFA. I think I can Elizabeth Mickaily-Huber, Ph.D. speak for all of us when I say that we are sad to see her go. 25 Nineveh Donations Nevertheless, I look forward to taking on the torch and to June 2019 through November 2019 serving the AFA, as I have done previously in a variety of 10 ‘Extremely rare’ Assyrian functions. carvings discovered in Iraq 26 Ferdinand Badal Andrew Lawler In Memoriam I was born in Baghdad, Iraq at the Kamp Alghei- lani, also known as the Armenian Camp. I grew up in 12 For Iraq’s Christians, 30 AFA Fourth Quarter Member Meeting Habanniya and later lived in Baghdad.
    [Show full text]
  • Armenian Tourist Attraction
    Armenian Tourist Attractions: Rediscover Armenia Guide http://mapy.mk.cvut.cz/data/Armenie-Armenia/all/Rediscover%20Arme... rediscover armenia guide armenia > tourism > rediscover armenia guide about cilicia | feedback | chat | © REDISCOVERING ARMENIA An Archaeological/Touristic Gazetteer and Map Set for the Historical Monuments of Armenia Brady Kiesling July 1999 Yerevan This document is for the benefit of all persons interested in Armenia; no restriction is placed on duplication for personal or professional use. The author would appreciate acknowledgment of the source of any substantial quotations from this work. 1 von 71 13.01.2009 23:05 Armenian Tourist Attractions: Rediscover Armenia Guide http://mapy.mk.cvut.cz/data/Armenie-Armenia/all/Rediscover%20Arme... REDISCOVERING ARMENIA Author’s Preface Sources and Methods Armenian Terms Useful for Getting Lost With Note on Monasteries (Vank) Bibliography EXPLORING ARAGATSOTN MARZ South from Ashtarak (Maps A, D) The South Slopes of Aragats (Map A) Climbing Mt. Aragats (Map A) North and West Around Aragats (Maps A, B) West/South from Talin (Map B) North from Ashtarak (Map A) EXPLORING ARARAT MARZ West of Yerevan (Maps C, D) South from Yerevan (Map C) To Ancient Dvin (Map C) Khor Virap and Artaxiasata (Map C Vedi and Eastward (Map C, inset) East from Yeraskh (Map C inset) St. Karapet Monastery* (Map C inset) EXPLORING ARMAVIR MARZ Echmiatsin and Environs (Map D) The Northeast Corner (Map D) Metsamor and Environs (Map D) Sardarapat and Ancient Armavir (Map D) Southwestern Armavir (advance permission
    [Show full text]
  • John Mamikonean's History of Taron
    John Mamikonean's History of Taron Translator's Preface Among classical Armenian sources, the History of Taron attributed to the otherwise unknown Yovhannes (John) Mamikonean, is a peculiar work. The author of this medieval romance claims to have compiled it in 680-81 from shorter, earlier accounts written by the abbots of the monastery of Glak in the district of Taron (in southwestern historical Armenia, to the west of Lake Van). Actually, scholars are convinced that the work is an original composition of a later period (post-eighth century), written as a deliberate forgery. The History of Taron, despite its name, is not a history. Rather, it is a relatively short "historical" romance in five parts, purporting to describe significant events occurring in the district of Taron during the Byzantine-Iranian wars when the shah of Iran was Xosrov II (590-628). During Xosrov's reign Taron was frequently invaded by the Iranians. The History describes the actions of five generations of Mamikoneans (Taron's princely house), in defending and avenging the district. Each section or cycle of the story is devoted to the exploits of one of the defenders: Mushegh, Vahan, Smbat, his son Vahan Kamsarakan, and the latter's son Tiran. The heroes are at times superhumanly brave or duplicitous, wise or cunning, humble or bombastic, humane or brutally merciless as the situation requires. Above all, they are the holy warriors of St. Karapet (their patron saint), and they zealously defend the monastery of Glak as well as all the churches and Christians in the district. Much of the narration describes battles fought and the cunning tactics used by the Taronites to defeat the invading Iranians.
    [Show full text]
  • The Acts of M¯Ar M¯Ar¯I the Apostle
    The Acts of Mar¯ Mar¯ ¯ı the Apostle www.malankaralibrary.com Society of Biblical Literature Writings from the Greco-Roman World John T. Fitzgerald, General Editor Editorial Board David Armstrong Elizabeth Asmis Brian E. Daley, S.J. David G. Hunter David Konstan Margaret M. Mitchell Michael J. Roberts Johan C. Thom James C. VanderKam Number The Acts of Mar¯ Mar¯ ¯ı the Apostle Volume Editor Susan Ashbrook Harvey www.malankaralibrary.com The Acts of Mar¯ Mar¯ ¯ı the Apostle Translated with an Introduction and Notes by Amir Harrak Society of Biblical Literature Atlanta www.malankaralibrary.com THEACTSOFMAR¯ MAR¯ I¯ THE APOSTLE Copyright © by the Society of Biblical Literature. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be ex- pressly permitted by the Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Per- missions Department, Society of Biblical Literature, Houston Mill Road, Suite , Atlanta, GA , USA. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Acts of Mar Mari. English. The acts of Mar¯ Mar¯ ¯ı the apostle / translated from Syriac with an intro- duction and notes by Amir Harrak. p. cm. -- (Writings from the Greco-Roman world ; ) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-: ---- (paper binding : alk. paper) ISBN-: --- (paper binding : alk. paper) . Mari, Saint. Christian saints--Syria. Christian saints--Iraq. Church history--Primitive and early church, ca. -. I. Harrak, Amir.
    [Show full text]