1 Albie (Albert Louis) Sachs LRC Oral History Project Interview 1: 5
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Malibongwe Let Us Praise the Women Portraits by Gisele Wulfsohn
Malibongwe Let us praise the women Portraits by Gisele Wulfsohn In 1990, inspired by major political changes in our country, I decided to embark on a long-term photographic project – black and white portraits of some of the South African women who had contributed to this process. In a country previously dominated by men in power, it seemed to me that the tireless dedication and hard work of our mothers, grandmothers, sisters and daughters needed to be highlighted. I did not only want to include more visible women, but also those who silently worked so hard to make it possible for change to happen. Due to lack of funding and time constraints, including raising my twin boys and more recently being diagnosed with cancer, the portraits have been taken intermittently. Many of the women photographed in exile have now returned to South Africa and a few have passed on. While the project is not yet complete, this selection of mainly high profile women represents a history and inspiration to us all. These were not only tireless activists, but daughters, mothers, wives and friends. Gisele Wulfsohn 2006 ADELAIDE TAMBO 1929 – 2007 Adelaide Frances Tsukudu was born in 1929. She was 10 years old when she had her first brush with apartheid and politics. A police officer in Top Location in Vereenigng had been killed. Adelaide’s 82-year-old grandfather was amongst those arrested. As the men were led to the town square, the old man collapsed. Adelaide sat with him until he came round and witnessed the young policeman calling her beloved grandfather “boy”. -
Eslecsabulletin4-23-86Opt.Pdf
~E EPISCOPAL CHURCHPEOPLE for a FREE SOUTHERN AFRICA c 339 Lafayette Street, New York, N.Y. 10012-2725 s (212) 477-0066 A 2·3 April 19 86 .. BUILDING THE FUTURE ' ••. the power is in our handS- we have peopZes' power ••..• you'ZZ get it aZZ baak 3 everything you Zost sinae Z652. ' - Winnie MandeZa 3 Z5 ApriZ Z986 The realization .:i:s general that the current regime in Pretoria is fast losing its grip and will disintegrate beyond repair in the near future. Progressive South _ Africans more and more voice the certitude of success m their struggle. Ms Mandela prophesies the change this year. The .scent of victory is in the air. Others have been shocked into this realization - bank ers' mternational businessmen' educational rroguls 'we~t- - ern governments. They have launched eno:rnous programs to prepare for South Africa beyond apartheid (the actual name of one think tank effort) to channel the future their way. 'Ihe fear, of both government and free enterprise, is ~NEWS FOCUS ' ausiNus DAY, w~. AprR 2 ,:.- - rl! what a recent NEW YORK TIMES report describes as ! ap prehension that change could produce a radical black led Gover.rment hostile to the United States ' . These Mandela_~-~ M-plan programs are focused chiefly on the minds of young black South Africa. alive in. townships 'Ihe US government has a purported $45 million educa BLACK activists, reviving a plan Secretaries from each street com proposed in 1953 by black leader mittee report to area committees tional scheme. Mobil has set up two programs of $10 Nelson Mandela before he was comprlsillg perhaps. -
Negotiated Housing Policy in South Africa
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Wits Institutional Repository on DSPACE Habitat International 25(2001) 303 }331 Housing for the poor? Negotiated housing policy in South Africa Marie Huchzermeyer* Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town, South Africa Received 28 August 2000; received in revised form 9 October 2000; accepted 17 October 2000 Abstract O$cial discussion and negotiation on housing policy in South Africa was closed in 1994 with the launch of the new Housing White Paper. Contradictions in this policy between housing procedure and delivery target have limited its relevance to the poorest sector in society. The paper shows how these tensions between product and process are an outcome of negotiated policy-making, in which the attempt was to combine the dominant position of the private sector for the commodi"cation of housing, with people-centred housing procedures advocated by the democratic movement. In the second term of ANC government, the housing ministry, aware of some of the limitations of its policy, stated its intention to review the housing policy. This has led to renewed discussion. The paper traces shifts and continuities in recent positions on housing in South Africa. It traces their emergence from within the democratic movement including labour and community or civic organisation, the more recent Homeless People's Federation/People's Dialogue alliance, and the private sector with its in#uential Urban Foundation and subsequent policy research institutes. The paper argues that shifts in housing "nance have largely ignored the needs of the poorest sector in society. Further, the inadequately integrated location of subsidised development for the poorest remains unchal- lenged. -
The Development of the Witwatersrand Clothing Industry: a Historical Perspective on the Role of Entrepreneurs in the Industry, 1925 – 55
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WITWATERSRAND CLOTHING INDUSTRY: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS IN THE INDUSTRY, 1925-55 J. C. DOS SANTOS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WITWATERSRAND CLOTHING INDUSTRY: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS IN THE INDUSTRY, 1925 – 55 BY HANLIE DOS SANTOS (J. C.) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the DEGREE MAGISTER ARTIUM IN HISTORY IN THE DEPARTMENT HISTORICAL STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: PROF G. VERHOEF NOVEMBER 2008 II TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE List of Abbreviations 1 List of Tables 2 Acknowledgements 3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 4 1.2 Problem Statement, Aim and Structure of the Study 10 1.3 Research Methodology, Sources and Limitations 13 1.4 Historiography 16 CHAPTER 2 THE ENVIRONMENT INTO WHICH THE WITWATERSRAND CLOTHING INDUSTRY WAS ESTABLISHED, 1925–1955 2.1 The Economic Environment of the Witwatersrand 25 2.1.1 Commencement of Industrialisation, 1914–1925 25 2.1.2 Enhanced Manufacturing, 1925–1936 27 2.1.3 Accelerated Manufacturing, 1936–1955 29 2.2 Political Influences on the Industrial Environment 31 2.3 Political Influences on the Clothing Industry and Its Labour force 39 2.3.1 The Transformation of the Clothing Industry Labour Force 40 2.3.2 The Development of Labour Organisations in the Clothing Industry 42 2.3.3 The Political Role Played by the Garment Workers’ Union and its Members 51 2.4 The Conditions in the Witwatersrand Clothing Industry 53 2.4.1 The Working Environment 54 2.4.2 The Conduciveness of the Witwatersrand -
Second Carnegie Inquiry Into Poverty and Development In
SECOND CARNEGIE INQUIRY INTO POVERTY AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTHERN AFRICA '!be sale of the century? A critical review of recent develop!ents in African rousing policy in SOUth Africa by. Peter Wilkinson carnegie Conference Paper No.160 Cape Town 13 - 19 April 1984 ISBN 0 7992 0739 X THE SALE OF THE CENTURY? A CRITICAL REVIEW OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN AFRICAN HOUSING POLICY IN SOUTH AFRICA (1) Peter Wilkinson University of Cape Town INTRODUCTION On 3 March 1983, at a press conference convened jointly by the Ministers of Cooperation and Development, Community Development and Education and Training, it was announced that the government intended to sell off some 500 000 state owned houses 'to people of all races'. Discounts of up to 40% of the selling price of each house - calculated as the average of its original cost and its current replacement cost - were to be offered to tenants who purchased their homes during a one-year period which was to start on 1 July 1983. Describing the selling scheme as an'exceptional, singular and very favourable'opportunity, the Ministers went on to warn that tenants who did not take up the one-year discount offer could face 'drastic' rent increases (Star 4.03.83). Public reactions to the long-awaited announcement were generally positive. As the Star (4.03.83) chose to see it, from a perhaps rather less than critical point of view: 'The only dissenting voices to the Government's move have come from the right-wingers who condemn the wholesale selling of houses to blacks under 99-year leasehold'. -
The Power in Lilian Ngoyi and Fannie Lou Hamer
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History 8-10-2009 Relays in Rebellion: The Power in Lilian Ngoyi and Fannie Lou Hamer Cathy LaVerne Freeman Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Freeman, Cathy LaVerne, "Relays in Rebellion: The Power in Lilian Ngoyi and Fannie Lou Hamer." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2009. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/39 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RELAYS IN REBELLION: THE POWER IN LILIAN NGOYI AND FANNIE LOU HAMER by CATHY L. FREEMAN Under the Direction of Michelle Brattain ABSTRACT This thesis compares how Lilian Ngoyi of South Africa and Fannie Lou Hamer of the United States crafted political identities and assumed powerful leadership, respectively, in struggles against racial oppression via the African National Congress and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. The study asserts that Ngoyi and Hamer used alternative sources of personal power which arose from their location in the intersecting social categories of culture, gender and class. These categories challenge traditional disciplinary boundaries and complicate any analysis of political economy, state power relations and black liberation studies which minimize the contributions of women. Also, by analyzing resistance leadership squarely within both African and North American contexts, this thesis answers the call of scholar Patrick Manning for a “homeland and diaspora” model which positions Africa itself within the historiography of transnational academic debates. -
South African Apartheid Legislation Ii: Extension, Enforcement and Perpetuation*
SOUTH AFRICAN APARTHEID LEGISLATION II: EXTENSION, ENFORCEMENT AND PERPETUATION* ELIZABETH S. LANDIS-t THE lawyer, who is intimately concerned with the structure of his own society, is by profession fascinated by the mechanics through which a foreign country puts into effect a social philosophy antithetical to that of his own. Therefore, he must be at once disturbed by and curious about the Union of South Africa, which is resolutely attempting to reverse the whole trend of modern civilization towards racial equality. EXTENSION OF APARTHEID In a previous article ' I have described the fundamental structure of apartheid, or racial isolation, in the Union- the society which it affects and the basic statutes which provide its "constitution." In this article I shall at- tempt to explore the techniques that have been adopted to extend apartheid to every aspect of existence and to enforce and perpetuate the racial separa- tion which is its goal. Labor Apartheid in labor relations differentiates between white and nonwhite in numerous ways, but it affects Africans most disadvantageously. It applies to individual master and servant relationships as well as to collective labor re- lations. The restrictions on individual African employees are perhaps one of the most startling aspects of apartheid. The Cape Province Masters and Servants Act of 1856, which is still on the books,2 attaches criminal liability to breach of an individual employment contract-as do other provinces' laws which were modeled after it.3 The Native Labour Regulation Act 4 makes it a criminal *This article constitutes the last of a two-part discussion of apartheid by the author. -
Born in a Small Village Ga-Matlala Outside Pretoria in 1911, Lilian Was the Daughter of a Mine-Worker Who Later Became a Packer in a Shop
G •* A F R I C A~N NATIONAL CONGRESS (South Africa) OBITUARY LILIAN MASEDIBA NGOII When the full history of the struggle of the peoples of South Africa is written, pride of place will go to the women who struggled not only against racist domination in our country, but for the mobilization of all the women of South Africa to fitht this system. The name of Lilian Masediba Ngoyi, who died on March 13th, 1980 at the age of 68, will occupy the first position in the list of names of these heroines of our struggle. It was with deep sorrow and an irreparable sense of loss that the Women's Section of the African National Congress of South Africa learnt of the passing away of Ma-Ngoyi, as Lilian was popularly known throughout the length and breadth of our country and abroad. Lilian Ngoyi’s history of struggle and active work in the ranks of the liberation movement is a clear testimony of the ability of our people to rise up, defying all restrictions of educational and other opportunities imposed by the apartheid regime on the indigenous black majority. Born in a small village Ga-Matlala outside Pretoria in 1911, Lilian was the daughter of a mine-worker who later became a packer in a shop. With the meagre wages he was receiving, Lilian's father , through much sacrifice, took her through primary school at the Kilnerton Institute in Pretoria. Like most African Mothers, Lilian's mother was doing some temporary jobs in the white homes around Pretoria, doing washing. -
Celebrating Women on Women's
CELEBRATING WOMEN ON WOMEN’S DAY In one of the largest demonstrations staged in this country’s history, 20 000 women of all races marched to Pretoria’s Union Buildings on 9 August 1956, to present a petition against the carrying of passes by women to the Prime Minister, JG Strijdom. This famous march, which was first celebrated on the 9th of August in 1995, is now celebrated and commemorated every year. The march against the pass laws was organised by the Federation of South African Women (FSAW or FEDSAW). The Federation famously challenged the idea that ‘a woman’s place is in the kitchen’, declaring it instead to be ‘everywhere’. Although Prime Minister JG Strijdom was not at the Union Buildings to accept the petition, the women of South Africa sent a public message that they would not be intimidated and silenced by unjust laws. After the petition was handed over to the secretary of the prime minister, the women sang a freedom song: Wathint` abafazi, Strijdom! Since then, the phrase ‘wathint’ abafazi, wathint’ imbokodo’ (You Strike a Woman, You Strike a Rock) has come to represent the courage and strength of South African women. - SA History Online Rahima Moosa (14 October 1922 - 29 May 1993) Helen Joseph (8 April 1905 – 25 Dec 1992) is one was a member of the Transvaal Indian Congress of the most well-known South African women and later the African National Congress. She is well to campaign against apartheid. Born in Sussex, known for the role she played in the national uprising England, Helen graduated with a degree in English of women on 9 August 1956. -
Rosh Hashanah 2016 Price R50,00 Incl
J EEWISW I S H A F FA I R S SOUTH AFRICAN JEWRY – 175 Years Rosh Hashanah 2016 Price R50,00 incl. VAT • Registered at the GPO as a Newspaper ISSN 0021 • 6313 MISSION EDITORIAL BOARD In publishing JEWISH AFFAIRS, the SA EXECUTIVE EDITOR Jewish Board of Deputies aims to produce a cultural forum which caters for a wide David Saks SA Jewish Board of Deputies variety of interests in the community. The journal will be a vehicle for the publication of ACADEMIC ADVISORY BOARD articles of significant thought and opinion on Suzanne Belling Author and Journalist contemporary Jewish issues, and will aim to Dr Louise Bethlehem Hebrew University of Jerusalem encourage constructive debate, in the form of Marlene Bethlehem SA Jewish Board of Deputies reasoned and researched essays, on all matters Cedric Ginsberg University of South Africa of Jewish and general interest. Dr Elaine Katz University of the Witwatersrand JEWISH AFFAIRS aims also to publish essays Professor Marcia Leveson of scholarly research on all subjects of Jewish Naomi Musiker Archivist and Bibliographer interest, with special emphasis on aspects Isaac Reznik of South African Jewish life and thought. Gwynne Schrire SA Jewish Board of Deputies Scholarly research papers that make an original Dr Gabriel A Sivan World Jewish Bible Centre contribution to their chosen field of enquiry Professor Gideon Shimoni Hebrew University of Jerusalem will be submitted to the normal processes of academic refereeing before being accepted Professor Milton Shain University of Cape Town for publication. The Hon. Mr Justice Ralph Zulman JEWISH AFFAIRS will promote Jewish ADVERTISING AND SUBSCRIPTIONS – Shirley Beagle cultural and creative achievement in South ENQUIRIES [email protected] Africa, and consider Jewish traditions and 011 645 2583 heritage within the modern context. -
Introduction: 1960 – a Year of Destiny
The South African liberation movements in exile, c. 1945-1970. Arianna Lissoni This thesis is submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, January 2008. ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on the reorganisation in exile of the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) of South Africa during the 1960s. The 1960s are generally regarded as a period of quiescence in the historiography of the South African liberation struggle. This study partially challenges such a view. It argues that although the 1960s witnessed the progressive silencing of all forms of opposition by the apartheid government in South Africa, this was also a difficult time of experimentation and change, during which the exiled liberation movements had to adjust to the dramatically altered conditions of struggle emerging in the post-Sharpeville context. The thesis traces the roots and early history of the international networks of solidarity between South Africa and Britain from the time of the 1945 Pan African Congress to the founding of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement in 1960. It proceeds to examine the first attempts by the South African liberation movements to set up an external presence through the South African United Front, the causes of its demise and its legacy in terms of future unity. The establishment of the external mission of the ANC, its activities, and its relationship with host African countries vis-à-vis that of the PAC are analysed in detail. The research then focuses on problems of representation emerging from the gradual take-over of the ANC external mission as the sole representative of the whole of the Congress Alliance as a result of the Rivonia raid and trial. -
Apartheid Under Pressure
APARTHEID UNDER PRESSURE An address by H.F. Oppenheimer OCCASIONAL PAPER SELEEIMTHEIDSPUBLIKASIE DIE SUID'AFRIKAANSE INSTITUUT ISHN INTERNASIONALE AANGELEENTHEDE THE SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Mr. H.F. Oppenheimer, Chairman of De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. and former Chairman of the Anglo American Corporation of S.A. Ltd., is the National Chairman of the South African Institute of International Affairs. Mr. Oppenheimer delivered this address to the Governors of the Foreign Policy Association in New York on 11 October 1984. It should be noted that any opinions expressed in this Paper are the responsibility of the author and not of the Institute. APARTHEID UNDER PRESSURE An Address by H.F. Oppenheimer ISBN: 0 r 903371 -33-0 The South African Institute of International Affairs Jan Smuts House P.O. Box 31596 BRAAMFONTEIN 2017 South Africa December 1984 APARTHEID UNDER PRESSURE An address by H F Opnenheimer to the Governors of the Foreign Policy Association, Thursday, 11 October 1984. New York: It is just seven years since I was last privileged to speak at a meeting of the Foreign Policy Association. The title I chose for my talk on that occasion was "Prospects for Change in South Africa". Certainly South Africa is a very different country now from what it was then. It has changed for the better in many ways which are important in themselves, and which make further change inevi- table. Yet none of this has reduced the international or external pressures on the South African System. Indeed, the demands for sanctions against South Africa, in the apparent belief that freedom and justice for the black majority can best be achieved by ruining the economy and cutting the country off, socially, intellec- tually and morally from the rest of the world, are more insistent than ever.