land Article Assessing Land Dynamics and Sustainability on the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua: A Method Based on Comprehensive Land Units Oscar González-Quiroz 1,*, Josabel Belliure 2 and Antonio Gómez-Sal 2,3 1 Biology Department, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León 21000, Nicaragua 2 Global Change Ecology and Evolution Group, Department of Life Sciences, Alcalá University, 28801 Madrid, Spain;
[email protected] (J.B.);
[email protected] (A.G.-S.) 3 Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, Alcalá University, 28801 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: In the coastal zones, varied uses converge, some of them of priority interest. In this study, an integrated method for the planning and management of the territory is proposed, which includes the evaluation of sustainability. A total of 15 different land-use classes were estimated in 80 sampling units distributed regularly along the Pacific coastline of Nicaragua and classified to determine land management sectors. For each of the identified sectors, the ecological, economic, social, and productive dimensions were evaluated independently, handling a total of 53 variables from different databases, by means of ordination multivariate factor analysis. Subsequently, the four dimensions were integrated into a model and the results were evaluated based on their similarity with theoretical development scenarios, assessed by discriminant analysis. Among these, the scenarios considered as a goal for sustainability in the studied area were present. On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua, Citation: González-Quiroz, O.; productive and economic activities are currently prioritized, without having an integrated planning Belliure, J.; Gómez-Sal, A.