BABINSKI, Histologist and Anatomo-Pathologist
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Istoria Medicinei
Istoria medicinei Chirurgia (2011) 106: 567-572 Nr. 5, Septembrie - Octombrie Copyright© Celsius A neurologist in the origin of European and International neurosurgery: Clovis-Julien-Désiré Vincent (1879-1947) G. Androutsos1, M. Karamanou1, M. Lymberi2, T. Zambelis3, E. Stamboulis3 1History of Medicine Department, Medical school, University of Athens, Greece 2Experimental Physiology Department, Medical school, University of Athens, Greece 3Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital, Medical school, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Rezumat interested in pituitary tumors, in cerebral abscesses and in cerebral oedema. Un neurolog la originea neurochirurgiei europene æi internaåionale: Clovis-Julien-Desire Vincent (1879-1947) Key words: Clovis Vincent, Joseph Babinski, neurology, neuro- Vincent Clovis a început cariera sa ca neurolog æi în final a surgery devenit neurochirurg la o vârstã înaintatã. El este considerat formatorul neurochirurgiei franceze æi dupã Harvey Williams Cushing, primul neurochirurg european. El a fost interesat mai ales de tumorile pituitare, abcesele cerebrale æi edemul cerebral. His life and carrier Cuvinte cheie: Clovis Vincent, Joseph Babinski, neurologie, He was born at Ingrès on September 26, 1879. His father, neurochirurgie Laurent-Frederick, was a doctor, as well as his grandfather. Vincent's spirit of independence as a teenager was already manifested, since high school of Orléans, when he gives the impression of protester from his very outset. But when at the end of school his illness kept him at home, he suddenly Abstract imposed, spontaneously, a rule of strict work. Helped only Vincent Clovis began his carrier as a neurologist and finally by a few correspondence courses, the previously mediocre became neurosurgeon at an advanced age. -
French School and World War First: Neurological Consequences of A
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20150031 HISTORICALARTICLE NOTE French school and World War First: neurological consequences of a frightening time Escola neurológica francesa e Primeira Guerra Mundial: desdobramentos neurológicos de uma época assustadora Marleide da Mota Gomes ABSTRACT Some aspects of a dark period in the history of the modern neurology, that of the World War I (WWI), are here remembered, mainly by the neu- rological French School participation . Some personalities and their works related to the WWI are presented such as Joseph Babinski, Jules Froment, Clovis Vincent, Jules Joseph Dejerine, Augusta Déjérine-Klumpke, Jules Tinel, Pierre Marie, Achille Alexandre Souques, Charles Foix, and Georges Guillain. Keywords: neurology, World War I, hysteria, camptocormie, peripheral neuropathy. RESUMO Alguns aspectos de um período negro da história da neurologia, a da Primeira Guerra Mundial, são aqui lembrados, principalmente pela participação da escola neurológica francesa. Algumas personalidades e suas obras relacionadas à Primeira Guerra Mundial são apresen- tadas, como Joseph Babinski, Jules Froment, Clovis Vincent, Jules Joseph Dejerine, Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke, Jules Tinel, Pierre Marie, Achille Alexandre Souques, Charles Foix, and Georges Guillain. Palavras-chave: neurologia, Primeira Guerra Mundial, histeria, camptocormia, neuropatia periférica. The innovative and elegant Belle Époque began af- FRENCH NEUROLOGISTS IN THE WORLD WAR I ter one war, the Franco-Prussian (July 19, 1870–May 10, 1871), and it ended in a new one, the World War I (WWI) The leading neurologist linked to war at this time was (July 28, 1914-November 11, 1918). At the beginning, Joseph Babinski (1857-1932). Babinski directed two centers this last war involved the Triple Entente of the United for wounded soldiers at La Pitié and at the Lycée Buffon1. -
A Guide to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
A GUIDE TO OBESITY AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME ORIGINS AND TREAT MENT GEORG E A. BRA Y Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4398-1457-4 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. -
Where the Thoughts Dwell: the Physiology of Neuronal–Glial “Diffuse Neural Net”
BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS 66 (2011) 133– 151 available at www.sciencedirect.com www.elsevier.com/locate/brainresrev Review Where the thoughts dwell: The physiology of neuronal–glial “diffuse neural net” Alexei Verkhratskya,b,d,⁎, Vladimir Parpurac, José J. Rodríguezb,d,e aFaculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK bInstitute of Experimental Medicine, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic cDepartment of Neurobiology, Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Civitan International Research Center, Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanotechnology Laboratories, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA dIKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain eDepartment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The mechanisms underlying the production of thoughts by exceedingly complex cellular Accepted 17 May 2010 networks that construct the human brain constitute the most challenging problem of Available online 9 June 2010 natural sciences. Our understanding of the brain function is very much shaped by the neuronal doctrine that assumes that neuronal networks represent the only substrate for Keywords: cognition. These neuronal networks however are embedded into much larger and probably Human brain more complex network formed by neuroglia. The latter, although being electrically silent, Glia employ many different mechanisms for intercellular signalling. It appears that astrocytes Neurone can control synaptic networks and in such a capacity they may represent an integral History component of the computational power of the brain rather than being just brain “connective Evolution of glia tissue”. The fundamental question of whether neuroglia is involved in cognition and Cognition information processing remains, however, open. -
Neurology E Broussolle, J Poirier, F Clarac, J-G Barbara
Figures and institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950. Part III: Neurology E Broussolle, J Poirier, F Clarac, J-G Barbara To cite this version: E Broussolle, J Poirier, F Clarac, J-G Barbara. Figures and institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950. Part III: Neurology. Revue Neurologique, Elsevier Masson, 2012, 168, pp.301 - 320. 10.1016/j.neurol.2011.10.006. halshs-03090658 HAL Id: halshs-03090658 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03090658 Submitted on 11 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Figures and Institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950: Part III: Neurology Les figures et institutions des sciences neurologiques à Paris de 1800 à 1950. Partie III: Neurologie Emmanuel Broussolle1 , Jacques Poirier2 , François Clarac3, Jean-Gaël Barbara4 1 : Université Claude Bernard Lyon I ; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service de Neurologie C ; CNRS UMR 5229, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives ; Lyon, France 2 : Professeur Honoraire, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière ; Paris, France 3 : CNRS, UMR 6196, Laboratoire Plasticité et Phyisiopathologie de la motricité, Université Aix-Marseille II, Marseille, France 4 : CNRS, UMRS 7102, Laboratoire de neurobiologie des processus adaptatifs ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie ; CNRS UMR 7219, Laboratoire SPHERE, Université Denis Diderot ; Paris, France Correspondance : Pr. -
Biologia Cellulare E Molecolare
Allma Mater Studiiorum – Uniiversiità dii Bollogna DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare Ciclo XXIX Settore Concorsuale di afferenza: 05/D1 Settore Scientifico disciplinare: BIO/09 FISIOLOGIA TITOLO TESI PHYSIOPATHOLOGICAL PROTEIN RELEASE BY GLIAL CELLS: FOCUS ON PURINE NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHORYLASE (PNP), SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE 1 (SOD1), AND α-SYNUCLEIN. Presentata da: Francesca Massenzio Coordinatore Dottorato Relatore Chiar.mo Prof. Giovanni Capranico Prof.ssa Barbara Monti Esame finale anno 2017 INDEX ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................................................................................................ 8 1.1.1 MICROGLIAL CELLS ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.1.1.1 Origin of microglia ......................................................................................................................................10 1.1.1.2 Microglial phenotypes ................................................................................................................................11 1.1.1.3 Physiological functions of microglia ...........................................................................................................11 -
Andrew P. Gasecki and Vladimir Hachinski
HISTORICAL NEUROLOGY ANDNE.ROSURGERV (^ ^ ^^ Q( Babiftskj Andrew P. Gasecki and Vladimir Hachinski ABSTRACT: The 100th anniversary of the discovery of the extensor plantar response will be celebrated in 1996. It was Joseph Francois Felix Babinski who became known worldwide for the sign that bears his name. In order to help Joseph in establishing his career, brother Henri gave up his aspirations and aban doned engineering. Clovis Vincent, 'father' of French neurosurgery and pupil of Joseph, stated: "Joseph Babinski lived for science, and Henri lived for his brother; without Henri Babinski, Joseph would not have accomplished that much". However, Henri's name became famous in all Paris for a cookbook Gastronomie Pratique written under the pseudonym of 'Ali-Bab.' Throughout Joseph's career his sur name remained distorted despite his own efforts to spell and pronounce it correctly. Several people can claim the name Babinski, but in neurology and neurosurgery there is only one, Joseph. RESUME: A propos du nom Babinski. Le centieme anniversaire de la d6couverte du rdflexe cutane' plantaire par Joseph Francois Babinski sera cel£br6 en 1996. Le signe qui porte son nom lui a valu une renommee internationale. Son frere Henri a renonc6 a son reve de devenir ingenieur pour aider Joseph a dtablir sa carriere. Clovis Vincent, le pere de la neurochirurgie francaise et l'eleve de Joseph, declarait: "Joseph Babinski vivait pour la science et Henri vivait pour son frere; sans Henri Babinski, Joseph n'aurait pas accompli autant". Cependant, Henri est devenu fameux dans tout Paris pour son livre de cuisine intitule Gastronomie Pratique, ecrit sous le pseudonyme "Ali-Bab". -
A Glance at the Notable Life of Babinski
Perspective Open Access J Neurol Neurosurg Volume 3 Issue 3 - April 2017 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Jensen Ch. A DOI: 10.19080/OAJNN.2017.03.555613 A Glance at the Notable Life of Babinski Jensen Ch. A* Hospital Comarcal of Mora d’Ebre, Spain Submission: March 06, 2017; Published: April 26, 2017 *Corresponding author: Jensen Ch. A, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Comarcal of Mora d’Ebre, Spain, Spain, Email: Perspective and on developing the neurologic examination with a systematic Józef Julian Franciszek Feliks Babiński, whose Gallicized his life he never married and remained fully absorbed in his methodology for detecting and analyzing problems. Throughout name was Joseph François Felix Babinski, (Figure 1), born on 17, November 1857, in the city of Paris to parents of Polish origin, professional work. He shared his life with his brother Henri, who was one of the most relevant French neurologists whom ade he dearly loved and respected [5]. His companions admired him of the Salpêtrière Hospital, in Paris, a world paradigm of the of the XX. Was disciple of professor Jean-Martin Charcot, head of as an honest and upright scientist because worked for neurology, neurosciences at the end of the XIX century and the beginnings not for his own glory. neurology service at Salpêtrière Hospital considered the father In his professional field, Dr. Babinski cultivated histology and of modern neurology [1]. Babinski made important discovering times. Even today his contributions are still necessary tools for pathological anatomy and recognized the function of the muscle in that field, being his work among the most prestigious of those spindle (mechanoreceptor), distinguished myopathic lesions from neuropathic ones, recognized the lesions of muscular the integral assessment of the patient with neurologic ailments. -
Parisian Neurologists WW1.Pdf
r e v u e n e u r o l o g i q u e 1 7 3 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 1 1 4 – 1 2 4 Available online at ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com History of Neurology Jules and Augusta Dejerine, Pierre Marie, Joseph Babin´ ski, Georges Guillain and their students during World War I O. Walusinski Cabinet prive´, 20 rue de Chartres, 28160 Brou, France i n f o a r t i c l e a b s t r a c t Article history: World War I (1914–1918), however tragic, was nonetheless an ‘‘edifying school of nervous Received 24 August 2016 system experimental pathology’’ not only because of the various types of injuries, but also Accepted 22 February 2017 because their numbers were greater than any physician could have foreseen. The peripheral Available online 24 March 2017 nervous system, the spine and the brain were all to benefit from the subsequent advances in clinical and anatomo-functional knowledge. Neurosurgeons took on nerve sutures, spinal Keywords: injury exploration, and the localization and extraction of intracranial foreign bodies. Little World War I by little, physical medicine and rehabilitation were established. A few of the most famous War neurology Parisian neurologists at the time—Jules and Augusta Dejerine, Pierre Marie, Joseph Babin´ ski Dejerine and Georges Guillain, who directed the military neurology centers—took up the physically Pierre Marie and emotionally exhausting challenge of treating thousands of wounded soldiers. They not Babin´ ski only cared for them, but also studied them scientifically, with the help of a small but devoted Guillain band of colleagues. -
Remember: 160 Years Since the Birth of Joseph Babinski (1857–1932)
THE PUBLISHING HOUSE HISTORICAL NOTES OF THE ROMANIAN ACADEMY “Despite all the available modern paraclinical investigations, the Babinski sign will forever remain a relevant clinical test in neurological specialties” Prof. Alexandru Vlad Ciurea, MD, PhD, MSc. REMEMBER: 160 YEARS SINCE THE BIRTH OF JOSEPH BABINSKI (1857–1932) Cristian Constantin POPA1,2, Andrei Alexandru MARINESCU1, Vincenţiu SĂCELEANU3 and Alexandru Vlad CIUREA 1,4 1University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania 2University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, 2nd Surgery Clinic, Bucharest, Romania 3Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Sibiu, Romania 4Sanador Clinical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Bucharest, Romania Corresponding author: Vincenţiu Săceleanu; e-mail: [email protected] Accepted February 25, 2018 The personality of neurologist Joseph Babinski (1857–1932) is a reference point for world neurology. He discovered the pathological form of the plantar reflex, which became an essential element of diagnosis of corticospinal tract damage. This neurological sign, known as the Babinski Sign, has completely changed the level of understanding of all neurological and neurosurgical pathology. Joseph Babinski also contributed to describing a number of highly complex neurological disorders based primarily on the collection of clinical data from the patient. Materials and methods. The authors present the exciting history of Joseph Babinski following along his steps in training: from the famous school of Professor Jean Martin Charcot and all the way to his independent work and collaborations at the Neurology Clinic at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital. The authors review many of Joseph Babinski`s publications and the many neurological syndromes that have improved the diagnosis in multiple affections of the nervous system. -
The Cajal School in the Peripheral Nervous System
REVIEW published: 20 April 2016 doi: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00043 The Cajal School in the Peripheral Nervous System: The Transcendent Contributions of Fernando de Castro on the Microscopic Structure of Sensory and Autonomic Motor Ganglia Fernando de Castro * Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Madrid, Spain The fine structure of the autonomic nervous system was largely unknown at the beginning of the second decade of the 20th century. Although relatively anatomists and histologists had studied the subject, even the assays by the great Russian histologist Alexander Dogiel and the Spanish Nobel Prize laureate, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, were incomplete. In a time which witnessed fundamental discoveries by Langley, Loewi and Dale on the physiology of the autonomic nervous system, both reputed researchers entrusted one of their outstanding disciples to the challenge to further investigate autonomic structures: the Russian B.I. Lawrentjew and the Spanish Fernando de Castro developed new technical approaches with spectacular results. In the mid of the 1920’s, Edited by: both young neuroscientists were worldwide recognized as the top experts in the field. Jose L. Lanciego, In the present work we describe the main discoveries by Fernando de Castro in those University of Navarra, Spain years regarding the structure of sympathetic and sensory ganglia, the organization of the Reviewed by: synaptic contacts in these ganglia, and the nature of their innervation, later materialized Floris G. Wouterlood, VU University Medical Center, in their respective chapters, personally invited by the editor, in Wilder Penfield’s famous Netherlands textbook on Neurology and the Nervous System. Most of these discoveries remain fully José Antonio Lamas, University of Vigo, Spain alive today. -
Samuel Goldflam
HISTORY OF POLISH NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY/HISTORIA POLSKIEJ NEUROLOGII I NEUROCHIRURGII Samuel Goldflam Teofan M. Dom¿a³ Neurology Department of the Military Institute of Health Services in Warsaw Samuel Goldflam was an eminent private practice in his apartment at 10 physician and social activist, an Graniczna Street, receiving patients as internationally recognised neurologist an internist and neurologist, at the same and internist, one of the pillars of time expanding his practical knowledge Polish neurology who made a great in various Warsaw hospitals which he contribution to the development of visited during his free time to examine neurological semiology. Goldflam’s patients. name is related to many symptoms and Professor Eufemiusz Herman, my diseases, both in internal medicine and teacher and unsurpassed master in the in neurology. It is encountered in art of neurological examination and present-day textbooks and routinely reasoning, was personally fascinated entered in the context of kidney with Samuel Goldflam. He repeatedly percussion in patients’ medical records. mentioned him during hospital rounds Samuel Goldflam was born in and on many other occasions. In his Warsaw on 15 February 1852. His book Neurolodzy Polscy (published by father Wolf was a merchant. After qualifying as PZWL in 1958), Herman described Goldflam on no a physician in 1875, he began working in the department fewer than 17 pages, i.e. as extensively as his teacher and of internal diseases at the Holy Spirit Hospital under master Edward Flatau. Herman got to know Goldflam Prof. Vilem Dusan Lambl, renowned for his description in person in 1918 and they met nearly every day for of the enteric parasite Lamblia intestinalis.