<I>Barriopsis Iraniana</I>
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Persoonia 23, 2009: 1–8 www.persoonia.org RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/003158509X467552 Barriopsis iraniana and Phaeobotryon cupressi: two new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from trees in Iran J. Abdollahzadeh1, E. Mohammadi Goltapeh1, A. Javadi2, M. Shams-bakhsh1, R. Zare2, A.J.L. Phillips3 Key words Abstract Species in the Botryosphaeriaceae are well known as pathogens and saprobes of woody hosts, but little is known about the species that occur in Iran. In a recent survey of this family in Iran two fungi with diplodia-like Citrus anamorphs were isolated from various tree hosts. These two fungi were fully characterised in terms of morphology EF 1-α of the anamorphs in culture, and sequences of the ITS1/ITS2 regions of the ribosomal DNA operon and partial ITS sequences of the translation elongation factor 1- . Phylogenetic analyses placed them within a clade consisting of Mangifera α Barriopsis and Phaeobotryon species, but they were clearly distinct from known species in these genera. There- Olea fore, they are described here as two new species, namely Barriopsis iraniana on Citrus, Mangifera and Olea, and phylogeny Phaeobotryon cupressi on Cupressus sempervirens. systematics taxonomy Article info Received: 27 April 2009; Accepted: 17 June 2009; Published: 16 July 2009. INTRODUCTION (Slippers et al. 2004), Olea (Lazzizera et al. 2008), Prunus (Slippers et al. 2007, Damm et al. 2007) and Protea (Denman Species of the Botryosphaeriaceae are cosmopolitan and occur et al. 2003, Marincowitz et al. 2008). Such studies have yielded on a wide range of plant hosts (von Arx & Müller 1954, Barr several new species, thus revealing the diversity within this 1987). They can be primary pathogens, opportunists, endo- family. Furthermore, intensive sampling in different regions of phytes or saprobes (Denman et al. 2000, Slippers & Wingfield the world has also revealed many new species (Pavlic et al. 2007). While the family is well circumscribed, segregation of 2008, Taylor et al. 2009). Despite the importance attributed to genera within the Botryosphaeriaceae has proven to be prob- the species in this family, there have been no studies on the lematic. Von Arx & Müller (1954) made extensive synonymies Botryosphaeriaceae in Iran. under Botryosphaeria and included several genera known In the course of a survey of Botryosphaeriaceae in Iran during to have pigmented ascospores. In this way they effectively 2005–2007, besides some 14 known species, two new species broadened the concept of Botryosphaeria to include species with diplodia-like conidia were encountered. The aim of the with hyaline ascospores, brown, aseptate ascospores, and present study was to characterise the species and to describe brown, 1-septate ascospores. At least 18 anamorph genera them based on DNA sequence data and morphology. have been associated with Botryosphaeria, including Diplodia, Lasiodiplodia, Fusicoccum and Sphaeropsis. Of these, only Fusicoccum and Diplodia were recognised by Denman et al. MATERIALS AND METHODS (2000), and this was supported by several studies (Jacobs & Rehner 1998, Zhou & Stanosz 2001, Alves et al. 2004). Pavlic Isolates and isolation et al. (2004) employed morphological and phylogenetic data Infected branches, fruits and leaves with various disease symp- to separate Lasiodiplodia from Diplodia. Later, Phillips et al. toms, including dieback, canker, rot and necrosis, were collected (2005) further broadened the concept by including Dothiorella from Cupressus sempervirens, Mangifera indica, Citrus sp. and within Botryosphaeria. Olea sp. in northern and southern provinces of Iran. Isolations In a phylogenetic study based on 28S rDNA sequence data, were made by transferring conidia to potato-dextrose agar (PDA; Crous et al. (2006) recognised 10 lineages within Botryo Difco Laboratories). After incubating at 25 °C for 12 h, single sphaeria corresponding to individual genera. A further lineage germinating conidia were transferred to fresh PDA plates. Some representing Aplosporella was subsequently added (Damm et isolates were obtained by plating pieces of tissue taken from al. 2007), and Phillips et al. (2008) recognised a further five the junction of the diseased and healthy areas of the samples, genera bringing the total to 16. after surface sterilisation (1–4 min in 70 % ethanol), on PDA supplemented with 100 mg chloramphenicol. Representative The Botryosphaeriaceae has been the subject of numerous isolates were deposited at the Iranian Research Institute of Plant critical studies on the species associated with different hosts Protection (IRAN, Tehran, Iran) and the Centraalbureau voor including grapevines (van Niekerk et al. 2004), Eucalyptus Schimmelcultures (CBS, Utrecht, The Netherlands). 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. Morphology 2 Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Sporulation was induced by culturing the isolates on 2 % tap Box 1454, Tehran 19395, Iran. water agar bearing pieces of double-autoclaved, halved pop- 3 Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829- lar twigs or pine needles under near-ultraviolet light in a 12 h 516 Caparica, Portugal; corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]. light-dark regime for 2–6 wk at 25 °C. Vertical sections through © 2009 Nationaal Herbarium Nederland & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. 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Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. 2 Persoonia – Volume 23, 2009 EU673306 EU017539 EU673291 AY573218 AY573227 EU673310 AY573219 AY573220 DQ458874 AY573222 EU673278 AY57322 DQ458877 EF622064 EF622063 AY573217 EU673277 AY573221 FJ919662 FJ919661 FJ919659 FJ919658 FJ919660 EU673298 EU673299 EU673294 EU673295 AY343340 EU673292 EU673293 AY905559 AY905562 EF AY236898 AY573235 EF622057 EF622059 AY236888 EU673296 FJ919652 FJ919654 FJ919656 FJ919657 FJ919655 FJ919653 DQ458869 EU673307 EU673309 2 EU673337 DQ299245 DQ299247 AY259092 AY259100 AY259090 AY259093 AY259094 DQ458889 AY573202 AY573198 AY573206 DQ458892 EF622084 EF622083 AY259091 EU673311 AY259098 FJ919673 FJ919672 FJ919670 FJ919669 FJ919671 EU673332 EU673333 EU673328 EU673329 AY343379 EU673324 EU673325 AY905554 AY905555 ITS GenBank AY236949 AY573212 EF622077 EF622080 AY236943 EU673330 FJ919663 FJ919665 FJ919667 FJ919668 FJ919666 FJ919664 DQ458886 EU673338 EU673340 Unknown P.V. Oudemans P.V. R.D. Millholland A.J.L. Phillips Alves A. Trapero M.E.A. Sánchez & A.J.L. Phillips A.J.L. Phillips L. Mugnai J. Luque Trapero M.E.A. Sánchez & A.J.L. Phillips D. Pavlic O. Rangel O. Rangel A.J.L. Phillips A.J.L. Phillips A.J.L. Phillips M.A.Aghajani M.A.Aghajani M.A.Aghajani M.A.Aghajani M.A.Aghajani Gams W. Gams W. Johnston & B.C.S.R. Paulus Pennycook, P.R. Johnston & B.C.S.R. Paulus Pennycook, P.R. J.M. van Niekerk H.A.Aa van der Graefenhan T. J. Luque & S. Martos J. Luque & S. Martos Collector B. Slippers E.A. Ellis J. Carranza-Velásquez Unknown G.J. Samuels N.E. Stevens A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. A. Javadi Abdollahzadeh & J. L.L. Huillier H.S. Fawcett Garcia F. UK USA USA Portugal Portugal Spain Portugal Portugal Italy Spain Spain Netherlands Africa South Colombia Colombia Portugal Portugal Portugal Gorgan, Iran Gorgan, Iran Gorgan, Iran Gorgan, Iran Gorgan, Iran Hawaii Hawaii New Zealand New Zealand Africa South Luxembourg Germany Spain Spain Locality Switzerland UK Costa Rica Zaire New Zealand Cuba Minab, Iran Rodan, Iran Minab, Iran Minab, Iran Minab, Iran Minab, Iran USA USA Spain partial sequence. α sp. -field soil -field soil sp. sp. sp. sp sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. keratomycosis in eye Citrus Mangifera indica Olea Citrus Citrus Citrus Mangifera indica corymbosum Vaccinium Vaccinium vinifera Vitis Prunus Quercus suber Quercus ilex vinifera Vitis Phoenix dactylifera vinifera Vitis Vitis Quercus ilex Quercus suber Ulmus Malus pumila Syzygium cordatum Cassava Cassava Gmelina arborea Coffea Phoenix dactylifera Phoenix dactylifera vinifera Vitis vinifera Vitis Populus nigra vinifera Vitis Cupressus sempervirens Cupressus sempervirens Cupressus sempervirens Cupressus sempervirens Cupressus sempervirens Sophora chrysophylla Sophora chrysophylla Citrus sinensis Citrus sinensis vinifera Vitis album Viscum album Viscum vinifera Vitis vinifera Vitis Substrate 1 CBS 174.26 IRAN1448C CBS 110302 CBS 112549 CBS 115041 IMI 63581b CBS 448.91 CPC 12440 CBS 112553 CBS 112555 CBS 169.34 IRAN1454C ATCC22927 CMW 8000 CBS 112546 CBS 230.30 CBS 119049 CBS 113188 CBS 456.78 CBS 110497 IRAN1455C IRAN1456C IRAN1457C IRAN1458C CPC 12442 16818 ICMP CBS 186.97 CBS 117006 Culture no. CBS119047 CBS 115812 CBS 494.78 CBS 110299 CMW 9081 16812 ICMP CBS 110496 CBS