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of nerve-shattering peril and expo* Kipling a edrops While Shakespeare Hence the magic. That a wizard sh t~es*w S,2|~tephlf~s.W*quor.x* L f control such an Island was demande the beliefs of the seafarer of that dat Plies Stephano W th Liquor Accept this theory and you will celve that " The Tempest" came to the n ager sanely and normlly i the cour to Get Iis Story his daily life. He may have been ca about for a new play; he miy have NE of the numerous Shakespeare tha n the hatter f a half-tipy or posed to vamp an old one-say "Au controversies lvolves the origin at a thatre Thus: ' ' ' and Isabella "; or he may have been me walting on his demon. But It is all ofO"The Tms." Wa. :hak-. P A stage manager who writes and vamps per's wealthi anst aliban's pig se fmiliar th the circum- plays, mong his audience, over that to him in a receptve hour, sen stances of the memorable wreck of Ad- hea a mariner diso to his neigh- Heaven, entered the orikinal Stepi mirpl Sir Geoge omers and his party or o a grievou wreck, and of the be- freh from the seas and half-sea ove. hn Stephano tells his tale, all In of Virgini ol onistaon the Bermuda bhvlor of the passgers, for whom all sailors have ever entertained a naural pie, a two hours' dscourse of most gO Islandi'-" the stllH vexed Betrmoothes "- contempt. Ee describes, with the wealth ous absurdlte pro ate abund in 1109, and was he acquainted with the of detail peculi to sai , mea of detail at' the beinning, when he stirrng accounts of that er written by taketo cw the ship off a lee sho, how more or less-sober, supplied and cu William Strachy and 81ivanus Jordan, both helm and sals weew orked, what the pa.- established the earth-bsis of the plai seer'did, accordance with the great law that a s members of the Sea Venture' company? and what h said. On puget phras to be e re ndlatereInto "What I to be truly miraculous must be balla And had he heard the tale of Carter, care these brawlere for the name of the with facts. His maunderings of Waters,and Chard, the three adventurers King-" strikes the naer's ear, and and incomprehensible ambushes when o elected to remain on the Isla de he standbe hind the talkers. was without resrvaon drunk (and is just the time when a lesser-minded I Denonos, assu s mariners called Prhaps ntyy one-tth of the earnetly delivered handon-shoulder sea talk was than Shakespeare would have paid B ua and uphold Brh sovereignty, actually used o all that waa automtically reckonng and turned him out) suge until setler could be sent out from Eng- and tncon .ouslysr by the Inand a to the manager the peculiar note c land? who I new* nland and craft. Now supernatural mechanism. Truly it was a dream, but that tl Washington Irlvng in "The Three King Is It tooifnciul to Imagne a balfturn to the econd listener as the marie, banning may be doubt of ts source or of his a o Bermuda and Their Treasure of Am- his luck, ai maine will, says there are gation Shakespeare ha also made bergr" sees Carter, Waters, and Chard those who will not give a dolt to a poor dreamer Immortal. typifid In Seb n Trinculo, and their' man while they will lay out ten to see a I am. Sir, &c., RUDYARD KIPIIN.- thy ompanon Caliban, and surmises raree-show-a dead Indian? Were he In foreign parts, ax now he. Is In England. he that the wreck of Sir eorge's ship Sea could show people something in the way of Venture and subsequent events on the strange fish. I t to consider too curiously lonely islad may have furnished Shake- to see a drink ensue on this hint (the man- ager dealtt ut little n b pere wit some of the play with the elements of his sea at fst hand and his Instinct for new dram. A Rudyard Kipling, who knows words wuld have ben wke by what he Bermuda alost well a he knows many h alreay caught) ad with tbe drink a I other parts at' the British Empire, has ilor's minute d ipion o hrow he ent written )n characterIstIc style that Sbake' acro through the trsttthe snd of ~ceu eI IO.d this caa r In rather, for there 4nIl J MiZA~ 4 k 'J spearewove his material from nothng more were many? Some ou could almot carry promising than the chatter of a half-tipsy away in our pocket They were sown 'ov ct@ n ci4,r PiPvkftt. 6y osh Wle"Jht* sailor at a theatre; broadcast like-like nutshells onthe stage The mn, Kpling's opinion, almost forgotten among there. " Mny Ilands in truth." ss the refeshed with more drink. There I no other cave for some two mile* price were probably described as tools. He manager, patiently, and afterward hi Se- then d . geoahy of the lnd- "Here's neither bush nor shrub," one is e was the oly or mao n n the company. his writin, is found an a letter to the bastian sys to his :Antoio: I think he ingw plae-the spot where Trnculoe mak posed to the wrath of " yond' same bla So0 they went inla, farin badly as they editor of The Lndon Spectator published will carry n d home In. s pocket and his first appearance. e nsists and re- cloud," and here the current strand wreck- staggered up and down thi petilet coun- on July 2, 188. He rote give It to his on or an apple." To which Inslts on detal which to him at one time age. It was so well done that af two try, They were pricked with palmettos, Antonio answers: "And sowing the ker- ant ie or death, and the ma er fol hundred year a stray tripper, and no iaz the cedar branches sped their faes nels of t In the sa bring. forth more lows attentively. He cn give his ,adi- Shakespere scholar, recog d n a fah Then they found and stole some of their Ruya Kiplng'a Letter ence no more than a few hanings and a that old first set of all. oftcers' clothes which were hanging up to To the Sdtor of The Spetator: "But wht was the land like?" says the placard for scenery, but that his lines shall So far good. Up to this point the ma- dry. But presently they fell into a swamp, manager. The sailor tr to explain. "It lift them beyond that bare show to the ager has gained little except some uggew- and, what as worse, into the hands of iIR: Your article on "andscape and w was green, with yellow In It; a. tawny col- place he would have them, the manager tlons for his opening scene, and some nq- their offrs; and the great exediton iterature " n The Spectator of June ored country "-the color, that Is to say, of needs for himself the clearest possibleMu- ion of an uncanny island. The mariner ended in muck and mire. 18 has the following, among other the coral beached, cedar-coverd Bermuda sadg-the mot ample detail- e (one cannot believe that Shak ea wa Truly an sland bewitched. Else why sugge stiv -"But whence came of today-"and the air made one sleepy, must see the scene in the round-solid- meanIn .he theelittle thIns) Is dio to their cramp and sickness? Sack never and the place was full of noises "-the mut- he peoples it Much, doubtless, he dscarded, a deeper drunkenness. Suddenly h made a man more than reasonably drunk. the vision of the ench a nd ' The tering and the roaring of the sea among but so closely did he keep to his original launches Int a epo rus tale of him, He was prepared for urlimited acek: but Tempest'? It hd no existenc In Shale- the lands and, between the reef-" and Informations thatthoe wh go tot a self and h ellos flung ashore, sep what befell his stomach and head was the speare's world, tut was woven out of such there was a sou'west wind that blistered certain beach some two miles from Ham- o their .offcers, horribly afraid o the purest magic that honest man ever met. stff a dream are made of" one all over," The Ellsabethan mariner ilton will find the stage set for Act II., devil-haunted beach of noses, with their A drunken sailor of today, wandering would not dsltingish finely between blis- Scene 2. of lThe Tempest "-a bare beach, heads full of the fumes of broached liquor. about Bermuda, would probably sympathise May I take Mlone's sugetlon connect- ters and prickly heat, but the Bermudlan withthheo wind singig through the scrub One castaway was found hiding under the with him; and today, as then, if one takes ing the play ith the casting away of Sir of today 'ill tell that the sou'west, or at the and' dge, a gap in the reefs wide ribs of a dead whale, which smelt abom- the easlest Inland road from Trtnculo' George omers on the sland of Bermuda Lighthouse, wind in Summer bring that enough for the passage of Stephan's butt inably. They hauled him out by the leg- beach, near Hamilton, the path that a in 1.09, and further may I be allowed to plague and general discomfort. That the of sack, and (t have sn It) a he mistook them for imps-and gave him drunken man would infallibly follow, It coral rock, battered by the sea, rings hollow cave In the cora withn eas r h of th drink And now, 4icipline beang eltd ends abruptly in a swamp. The one point .. ,ura KftT4'~ ay how It se to me ossiblethat the with strange sounds, answered by the tide, where such a butt might be Pon- they would strike out for themselves, that our mariner did not dwell upon was ,,s Zna1iznd l vision was woven from the most prosa winds in the little cramped valleys, Is a veniently rolled (" My. cellar n a rok ther officers, and take posse of the that he and the others were suffering from I tera-pest "1 terial, from nothing mor promising, In matter of copmon knowlede. by the sesd, where my wne I hid.") island. The narrator's mates In th *ter- acute alcoholism, combined with the effects

11 COLERIDGE ON ARIEL AND CALI bondage is almost unnatural to him, yet in the creature contrasted with Ar we see that It is delightful for him to be so Caliban, who Is described in such a mar The Creature of the employed. It is as If we were to command by Prospero as to lead us to expect 'II one of the winds in a differept direction to appearance of a foul, unnatural mo that which nature dictates, or one of the He is not seen at once; his voice is1e Air and the Cream waves, now rising and now inking, to re- this t the preparation; he was too cede before It bursts upon the shore; such stve to be sP first In all his der .1 I ture of the Earth Is the feeling we experiencewhen we learn and In nature we do not receive so im that a being like Arel t cmmanded to disust from sound as from sight A 11rom Samuel Taylor Coleridge's Lec- ulfll any mortal behs, we have heard Callban's voice he d tures on Sha-kespear . When, however, Shakespeare contrats enter until Ariel has entered like a'wa the treatment of Artel by P eroo with nymph, All the strength of contras F a doubt could ever be entertained that of Sycorax we are sensible that the thus acquired without any of the shoc I whether Shkespeare was a great liberated spirit oughtto be rateful, and abruptness or of that unpleasant s poet, acting upon laws arising out of Ariel does feel and acknowle the obli- tion which we experience when the ob his own nature and. not without law, gation; he immediately assumes the airy presented is in any way hateful to as has soetmes been idly asserted, that being with a mind so elastically corre- vision. doubt must be removed by the character of spondent that when once a feeling has The character f Caliban is wonder Afel. The very first words uttred by this pased from it not a trace is left behln conceived; he is a sort of creature of being Introduce the spirit not as an angel, Is there anything In nature from which earth, as Ariel is a sort of creature o 11 above man; not a gnome, or a fted,3 below Shakesare caught the idea of this deli- air. ge partakes of the qualities of man; but. while thepoet gives im .the ac. cteand delihtful being with such child- brute, but is distinguished from brute utles and the advantages of reason, he like simplicity, yet with such preternatural two ways-by having mere understand dlvest; him of all mortal character, not powers? He is neither born of heaven without moral reason, and by not Pow positlvely, It Is true, but negatively. nor of earth; but, as It were, between both, ing the Instincts which pertain to al In air he lives, from air he derives his like a May blossom kept suspended in air lute animals. Still, Caliban ai n som being, In air he acts; and all his colors and by the fanning breeze, which prevents it spects a noble being; the poet has ra properties seem to have been obtained from from falling to the ground and only finally, him far above contempt; he is a mar the rainbow and the skies. There is noth- and by compulion, touching earth. This the sense of the Imagination; all the ing about Ariel that cannot be conceived reluctance of the Sylph to be under the ages he uses are drawn from natur to exist either at sunrise or at sunset; cormand even of Prospero Is kept up are highly poetical; hence all that belongs to Arel belongs, they fit In with to through the whole play, and in the exer- Images of Ariel. Caliban gives us Ims the doelght the mind ti capable of receiving cise rom the most lovely external appearances. of his admirable Judgpent Shake- from the earth, Ariel images from the speare has availed himself of t in order to Caliban talks of the difficulty of fin Shakespeare bas properly made Ariel's give Ariel an ery first speech characteristic of him. Interest in the event, looking fresh water, of the situation of mora forward to that moment when he was to and of other circumstances which e After he has described the manner In gain his last and only reward-simple and brute instinct without reason could c which he had raised the storm and pro, eternal liberty. duced its harmless consequences, we find prehend. No mean figure is employed Another instance of admirable Judgment mean passion displayed beyond ani that Ariel is discontented-that he has been and excellent preparation is to be found passion and repugnance freed, It is true, from a cruel confinement, to command. but still that he Is oound to obey Prospero, -- -- and to execute any commads mposed The. Terapest, Adt .', Scene. I. i2,'.,vyw'o dno Ariel& alriL'ina out o him. We fee that such a stat of The Pageant Passes J' qe'iano, Trincudo siz Celatn .'eo'zpuzt Ay X'oraie3 )2cets3c4i Written for TEx Ncw YORB TIMuE By Stacia Crowley H, ye who know the master, stop, I Forgetting Art is only Nature's pupil, pray you, And knows what Nature taught. { Whatever be your ways. True to himself he modeled, not Improving Pause and give thought to what is here be. Upon the primal plan, 1 fore you', ' And. so his creatures In all times and ThIs Is a day of days, places Ths to your day, you wear the mystic Are true to every mIan. token, The ring upon your hand. "Such stuff as dreams are made on," are Be glad and proud. Others may look and his stories. listen, Impossible; unreal! Ah, but then But you can understand. Greece, England, fairyland, where'er you find them, *Ad let us, while his world is all around us, His men are always men, These creatures of his pen, His lines that take their places in our Say over by what magic through the ages memory, I He holds the heart of men, What is it gives them their eternal His far-off past he filled with what is pres- youth? ent, Beauty would pall did there not ite be. And will be to the last, neath it Humanity, that knows through all the ages The elemental, everlasting truth. No present and no past. He touched the chord of self with hand so From the far vistas of the years couM- knowing, trooping That other selves reply. These friends our memories claim. Time is forgot, and shrinking. trembling, We know them well. To each his pen has wond'ring. given We answer, " It is L." " A local habitation and a name." Strong soul! He dared to be, nor Joyed in This land he never saw, whose dawning seeming. glories Spoke what he felt of what he knew and Once through his "Tempest " gleamed. dreamed. This " brave new world" has Just such Spoke. from the human In him, little deem- people in it ing As those of whom he dreamed. That schools would clash on what he was / and seemed. The pageant passes. Sordid Life, s4 knowing, Unschooled! some cry, and with accusing Absorbs this afterglow A .Yotte dr S·tephdano finger, Of one who wrote, " Our revels now on'Z Zr, 2 A-now Aour zo c4?%m/ Point to the skill that b transfixed ended," - Three hundred years ago, , UM % 1Orit3,Jet$.rch,d W. > - i! ,i! ..i!