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Ehrliquiosis Canina: Un Problema De Salud”

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Ehrliquiosis Canina: Un Problema De Salud” UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” UNIDAD LAGUNA DIVISIÓN REGIONAL DE CIENCIA ANIMAL “EHRLIQUIOSIS CANINA: UN PROBLEMA DE SALUD” POR VICENTE HOMERO GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ MONOGRAFÍA PRESENTADA COMO REQUISITO PARCIAL PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE: MÉDICO VETERINARIO ZOOTECNISTA TORREÓN COAHUILA, MÉXICO. ABRIL DE 2007 UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” UNIDAD LAGUNA DIVISIÓN REGIONAL DE CIENCIA ANIMAL “EHRLIQUIOSIS CANINA: UN PROBLEMA DE SALUD” POR: VICENTE HOMERO GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ MONOGRAFÍA PRESENTADA COMO REQUISITO PARCIAL PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE: MÉDICO VETERINARIO ZOOTECNISTA ASESOR: M. C. JOSÉ LUIS CORONA MEDINA TORREÓN, COAHUILA, MÉXICO ABRIL DE 2007 UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” UNIDAD LAGUNA DIVISIÓN REGIONAL DE CIENCIA ANIMAL “EHRLIQUIOSIS CANINA: UN PROBLEMA DE SALUD” MONOGRAFÍA APROBADA POR EL COMITÉ M. C. JOSÉ LUIS CORONA MEDINA PRESIDENTE M. C. JOSÉ LUIS FRANCISCO SANDOVAL ELÍAS COORDINADOR DE LA DIVISIÓN REGIONAL DE CIENCIA ANIMAL TORREÓN, COAHUILA, MÉXICO ABRIL DE 2007 UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” UNIDAD LAGUNA DIVISIÓN REGIONAL DE CIENCIA ANIMAL “EHRLIQUIOSIS CANINA: UN PROBLEMA DE SALUD” M. C. JOSÉ LUIS CORONA MEDINA PRESIDENTE M. C. RAMÓN ALFREDO DELGADO GONZÁLEZ VOCAL M. C. ERNESTO MARTÍNEZ ARANDA VOCAL M. C. JOSÉ LUIS FRANCISCO SANDOVAL ELÍAS VOCAL SUPLENTE Índice. Resumen ................................................................................................................ iii 1. Introducción. ........................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 2. Rickettsias. .......................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 3. Orden Rickettsiales. ............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 4. Familia Ehrlichiaceae. .......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 4.1. Género Ehrlichia. ........................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 4.2. Ehrlichia canis. .............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 5. Características bacteriológicas. ........................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 6. Replicación. ......................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 7. Definición y etiología. ........................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 7.1. Distribución geográfica. ................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 8. Sinonimia. ............................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9. Patogenia. ............................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9.1. Hospedero invertebrado (Rhipicephalus sanguineus).¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9.2. Hospedero vertebrado (Canis familiaris). ...... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9.3. Fase aguda. .................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9.4. Fase crónica. ................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 9.5. Inmunidad celular y humoral. ........................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 10. Lesiones o anormalidades en el sistema hematopoyético.¡Error! Marcador no definido. 11. Alteraciones séricas y/o bioquímicas. ................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 12. Lesiones oculares. ............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 13. Lesiones musculares. ........................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 14. Alteraciones en el sistema nervioso central. ...... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 15. Lesiones dermatológicas. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 16. Alteraciones en el sistema urinario. ................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 17. Alteraciones en el sistema reproductor. ............. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 18. Reportes de casos clínicos. ............................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 18.1. Hallazgos macroscópicos postmortem. ....... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 18.2. Hallazgos microscópicos postmortem. ........ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 19. Coinfecciones. ................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20. Otras Ehrliquiosis en perros. .............................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.1. Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) platys. ...................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.2. Ehrlichia chaffeensis. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.3. Ehrlichia ewingii. .......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.4. Ehrlichia muris. ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.5. Ehrlichia (Anaplasma) phagocytophila. ....... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 20.6. Ehrlichia ruminantium. ................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 21. Ehrliquiosis felina. .............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22. Ehrliquiosis en otras especies animales. ........... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22.1. Ehrlichia (Anaplasma) phagocytophilum. .... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22.2. Ehrlichia (Anaplasma) platys. ...................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22.3. Ehrlichia chaffeensis. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22.4. Ehrlichia ewingii. .......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 22.5. Ehrlichia (Cowdria) ruminantium. ................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23. Ehrliquiosis en el hombre. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23.1. Ehrlichia canis. ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23.2. Ehrlichia chaffeensis. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23.3. Ehrlichia ewingii. .......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23.4. Ehrlichia muris. ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 23.5. Ehrlichia (Anaplasma) phagocytophilum. .... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24. Diagnóstico. ....................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.1. Hematología. ............................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.2. Cultivo. ........................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.3. Inmunoensayo ligado a enzimas (ELISA). .. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.4. Kit Combo Dirofilaria, Ehrliquia y Lyme 3Dx. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.5. Inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFA). ........... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.6. Microscopía. ................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 24.7. Reacción en Cadena Polimerasa (RCP). .... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25. Sensibilidad a antibióticos. ................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25.1. Tetraciclinas. ............................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25.1.1. Doxiciclina: ............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25.1.2. Minociclina: ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25.1.3. Oxitetraciclina: ....................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 25.1.4. Tetraciclina:............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 26. Otros antibióticos. .............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 26.1. Cloramfenicol. ............................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 26.2. Fluoroquinolonas. ........................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 26.3. Rifampicina.................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27. Otros tratamientos. ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.1. Azatioprina. ................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.2. Ciclofosfamida. ............................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.3. Ciclosporina. ................................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.4. Sulfato de vincristina. .................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.5. Dipropionato de imidocarb. ......................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.6. Estimulantes del factor de crecimiento hematopoyético y eritropoyetina.¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.7. Glucocorticoides. ......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 27.8. Tratamientos oftálmicos. ............................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 28. Fallas en la respuesta al tratamiento. ................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29. Profilaxis. ........................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.1. Control de portadores. ................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.2. Vacunación.................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.3. Medidas de protección contra vectores. ...... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.3.1. Fipronil. .................................................. ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.3.2. Amitraz y pirerinas. ................................ ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.3.3. Selamectina. .......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 29.3.4. Fumigación y desinfección. .................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 30. Prevención de zoonosis. .................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 31. Conclusión. .......................................................
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