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Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies (Diptera, )

Jukka Salmela

Salmela, J.: Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). [Bi- drag till känndedomen om svenska harkrankar (Diptera, Tipuloidea).] – Entomolo- gisk Tidskrift 132(2): 113-118. Uppsala, Sweden 2011. ISSN 0013-886x.

The crane collection and a small amount of unidentified material deposited in the Zoo- logical Museum, University of Lund, Sweden, was examined by the author. Five species ( krivosheinae Savchenko, 1976, nielseni de Meijere, 1921, Go- nomyia subtenella Savchenko, 1972, tenua Savchenko, 1976 and Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925) are reported for the first time from Sweden. Locality data for these species and nine other species, which are considered rare and poorly known in Sweden, is provided. Layer photos of female hypopygium of Tipula wahlgreni and its close relative T. mutila Wahlgren, 1905 are presented.

Department of Biology, Zoological Museum, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland. E- mail: [email protected]

Introduction from northern Sweden (e.g. Mendl 1974, 1979) In terms of their body size and habitat asso- and from the Baltic coast (Mendl 1987), trapped ciations, crane flies are an astonishingly diverse mainly by himself and/or K. Müller. Since the group of nematoceran (de Jong et al. 1980’s, scientific study of Swedish crane flies 2008). A total of 406 species are known from the has been modest. Although some crane flies have Nordic countries and 355 from Sweden (Salmela been red-listed (Bartsch et al. 2005, Cederberg et 2010). These fragile and lanky flies have been al. 2010), the listings have almost entirely been studied in Sweden since the era of C. v. Linné based on old information and covered only about (e.g. Linnaeus 1758). Dozens of crane flies were 30 % of the species present in Sweden. Thus, de- described by J. W. Zetterstedt (e.g. Zetterstedt spite a long tradition of and 1838) and later revised by H.D.J. Wallengren faunistics in Sweden, much work should be done (1881, 1882). Keys for identification of Swedish in order to map species occurrences, describe fauna were provided by E. Wahlgren (1905). Sev- their habitats and assess species’ responses to en- eral Swedish and Scandinavian crane flies were vironmental change and management. illustrated and described by B. Tjeder. His first, In April 2010 I made a short visit to the Zoo- out of 47, Tipuloid paper was published in 1932 logical Museum, University of Lund, Sweden. I and the last one in 1989 (Tjeder 1932, Tjeder & reidentified some crane fly specimens deposited Andersson 1989). In addition to his par excel- in the main collection and also identified previ- lence taxonomic papers, Tjeder much elucidated ously unidentified material. In this article I report the faunistics and natural history of Swedish the most significant findings of my visit. Five spe- crane flies (e.g. Tjeder 1955, 1958, 1959). The cies are reported for the first time from Sweden German entomologist H. Mendl identified large and other records of noteworthy species, i.e. ones amounts of limoniids and pediciids collected that are possibly rare in Sweden, are presented.

113 Jukka Salmela Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011)

Figure 1. Elephantomyia kri- vosheinae Savchenko, 1976, female. Locality data: Swe- den, Lule Lappmark, Mes- saure, Kaltisjokk, VI-VII. 1967 (Müller) (ZFMK). This specimen was identified by H. Mendl (1974) as E. edwardsi, a species that is hitherto not recorded from Sweden. Elephantomyia krivosheinae Savchenko, 1976, hona fårn Lu.Lpm., Messaure, Kaltis- jokk, VI-VII. 1967 (Müller) (ZFMK). Detta exemplar identifierades av H. Mendl (1974) som E. edwardsi, en art som hittills inte har hittats i Sverige.

Material and methods Most of the studied specimens are deposited in the Zoological Museum, University of Lund (ZMLU). Other material was loaned from Zo- ologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koe- nig, Bonn (ZFMK). If needed, abdominal termi- nalia of the studied specimens were macerated in 10 % KOH solution and finally preserved in microvials in glycerol. Comparative material (female specimens of Tipula wahlgreni and T. mutila) is deposited in the Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Finland (ZMUT). If not otherwise mentioned, faunistic records from Finland are based on the author’s data-base of Finnish crane flies. Layer photos were taken using an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope at- tached to an Olympus E520 digital camera. Dig- ital photos were captured using the programmes Deep Focus 3.1 and Quick PHOTO CAMERA Figure 2. Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925, fe- male. Locality data: Sweden, Dalarna, Boda, Stygg- 2.3. Layer photos were finally combined with forsen, 13.VII.1959 (Bo Tjeder) (ZMLU). This speci- the program Combine ZP. men has been erroneously interpreted to represent T. Species listed here are members of the fami- jutlandica. lies Limoniidae and Tipulidae, and are arranged Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925, hona från Da- in alphabetical order. Nomenclature and family larna, Boda, Styggforsen, 13.VII.1959 (Bo Tjeder) classification follows Oosterbroek (2011). This (ZMLU). Detta exemplar har felaktigt antagits vara classification of crane flies has recently been T. jutlandica. Tipula wahlgreni är ny för Sverige och challenged by Petersen et al. (2010). egentligen mest lik T. mutila Wahlgren, 1905, som den kan skiljas från enligt karaktärerna i Fig 3 & 4.

114 Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies a a

b b

Figure 4. Female cerci and 10th tergite, dorsal view of – a) Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 and – Figure 3. Females terminalia, lateral view of – a) Ti- b) Tipula mutila Wahlgren, 1905. Locality data as in pula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 [Locality data: Fig. 3. Finland, Kb, Lieksa, Tetrikangas, 22.VI.-16.VII.2008 Honans cerci och tionde tergit, sedda ovanifrån av – (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)] and – b) Tipula mutila Wahl- a) Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925; – b) Tipula gren, 1905 [Locality data: Finland, Lkoc, Kittilä, mutila Wahlgren, 1905. Fynddata som i Fig. 3. Siettelonvuoma, 4.-27.VI.2007 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)]. Honor, bakkroppens spets sedd från sidan av – a) Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 [Exemplaret är från Finland, Kb, Lieksa, Tetrikangas, 22.VI.-16. VII.2008 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)] och – b)Tipula muti- la Wahlgren, 1905 [Finland, Lkoc, Kittilä, Siettelon- vuoma, 4.-27.VI.2007 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)].

Species new for Sweden reported by Mendl (1974) from northern Swe- den, Messaure. This female specimen also be- Limoniidae longs to E. krivosheinae (Fig. 1). In addition to Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) krivosheinae differences in the structure of male hypopygia, Savchenko, 1976. Skåne, Skäralid, 11.VI.1950 Elephantomyia edwardsi and E. krivosheinae (K. Ander), 1 female (ZMLU); Lule Lappmark, can be readily identified based on the color pat- Messaure, Kaltisjokk, VI-VII. 1967 (Müller), 1 tern of the abdomen (E. edwardsi = banded ab- female (ZFMK). domen, i.e. hind margins of both sternites and Tjeder (1953) reported E. edwardsi Lack- tergites are dark, giving a banded appearance; schewitz, 1932 as a new species for Sweden. E. krivosheinae = dark coloration is confined to In his article, Tjeder (1953) provided an illus- corners of strenites and tergites, giving an ap- tration (habitus, p. 232) of the specimen which pearance of longitudinal lateral stripes). Thus E. he considered to represent E. edwardsi. It was edwardsi should be deleted from the Swedish noted by Tjeder (1953, p. 231) that the abdomen list and replaced by E. krivosheinae. Elephan- of the specimen he studied was not banded, as tomyia krivosheinae in contrast to E. edwardsi, it should be in E. edwardsi; the lack of bands is relatively common and widespread in Fin- was considered by him to be due to the teneral land but previously not found in other Nordic condition of the specimen. This female speci- countries. It has been recorded from a variety of men is seemingly not teneral but belongs to E. decaying deciduous trees (e.g. Betula, Populus krivosheinae. One specimen of E. edwardsi was tremula and Tilia cordata). Long proboscis of 115 Jukka Salmela Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) adult Elephantomyia specimens (Fig. 1) is used cies occurs in central and eastern parts of the for nectar sucking. country, its records originate mainly from moist Erioptera (Erioptera) nielseni de Mei- forests and spruce mires (Salmela 2009). jere, 1921. Dalarna, Älvdalen, Mossiberg, Tipula wahlgreni is very close to T. mutila 27.VII.1955 (K-H Forsslund), 1 male (ZMLU). Wahlgren, 1905. Females of these two species Erioptera nielseni is a rather common inhab- are quite well separated due to their wing pattern itant of hydrologically pristine minerotrophic (costal cell infuscated in T. wahlgreni, not in- fens. It has been recorded in the north up to lati- fuscated in T. mutila). Clear differences are also tude 68°N in Finland (Salmela 2008, Autio & present in the abdominal terminalia (see Figures Salmela 2010). 3 & 4). (Gonomyia) subtenella Savchen- ko, 1972. Skåne, Malmö, Limhamns kalkbrott, Other records 9.VI.-25.X.2007 (B.-W. Svensson), 1 male (ZMLU). Limoniidae This is a poorly known and rarely collected (Idiopyga) danica Kuntze, 1919. species, not previously recorded from the Nordic Skåne, Ellestadsjön, 16.VI.1969, (H. Anders- countries. It has been found from Czech Repub- son), 1 male (ZMLU). lic, Slovakia, Macedonia, Lithuania, Morocco, Reported by Tjeder (1958) from southern Georgia, Azerbaijan and Iran (Starý and Ooster- Sweden. The species is collected from lake broek 2008, Oosterbroek 2011). This specimen shores in NW Russia (Prizhiboro 2003) and was collected with a Malaise trap placed near brackish meadows in Sweden (Tjeder 1958). -covered cliff seepage. Gonempeda flava (Schummel, 1829). Skåne, Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) tenua Vitemölla, Mölleån, 14.VI.1948, (B. Tjeder), Savchenko, 1976. Småland, Fågelfors, 2 males (ZMLU); Skåne, Malmö, Limhamns 15.VII.1935 (O. Andersson), 1 male, 1 female kalkbrott 2007, (B.-W. Svensson) (ZMLU). (ZMLU). The species is associated with small rivers Metalimnobia tenua is a wide-ranging Pa- and their riparian zones (Podeniene & Gelhaus laearctic species, known from Russian Far East, 2002). Reported by Tjeder (1955) from southern Japan, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia (Starý Sweden. The species has been recently collected 2006), Italy (Starý & Oosterbroek 2008), Fin- from SW Finland (J. Salmela, submitted manu- land (Salmela et al. 2007) and China, Ningxia script). (Mao & Yang 2010). In Finland this species is Gonomyia (Gonomyia) abscondita Lack- typically found in mesic, mature mixed forests. schewitz, 1935. Skåne, Kullen, Brunkulla RN- 038gi på ljus, 28.-29.VI.1973 (C.H. Lindroth), 1 Tipulidae male (ZMLU). Skåne, Malmö, Limhamns kalk- Tipula (Pterelachisus) wahlgreni Lackschewitz, brott 2007, (B.-W. Svensson), 1 male (ZMLU). 1925. Dalarna, Boda, Styggforsen, 13.VII.1959, Identification of the specimen is based on a (Bo Tjeder), 1 female (ZMLU). revision of G. lucidula and allied species (Starý This female specimen (Fig. 2) was errone- 2011). In Finland G. abscondita is mainly asso- ously placed in the Tipula jutlandica Nielsen, ciated with spring-fed headwater streams. 1947 unit in ZMLU. The specimen carried no Gonomyia (Gonomyia) lucidula de Mei- det label, and my opinion is that it was not iden- jere, 1920. Skåne, Ravlunda, Klammersbäck, tified as T. jutlandica by B. Tjeder. Tipula jut- 15.VI.1948, (B. Tjeder), 1 male (ZMLU). landica is red-listed in Sweden (DD, Cederberg Identification of the specimen is based on a et al. 2010), reported from Dalarna (1 female revision of G. lucidula and allied species (Starý = T. wahlgreni) and Jämtland (1 male, ZMLU) 2011). Reliable records of this species are from (Sandström & Cederberg 2010). However, only Central Europe, Bulgaria and Great Britain the record from Jämtland is a correct one. Tipula (Starý 2011); the species is not known from Fin- wahlgreni is known from NW Europe and West land (J. Salmela, submitted manuscript). Siberia (Oosterbroek 2011). In Finland, the spe- 116 Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies remota (Walker, 1848). Skåne, Acknowledgements Malmö, Limhamns kalkbrott 2007, (B.-W. I would like to show my sincere thanks and the great- Svensson), 1 male (ZMLU). est gratitude to the personnel in the Zoological Muse- Lipsothrix larvae develop in wet or submerged um, University of Lund (Bo-W. Svensson, Roy Dan- wood (Hancock et al. 2009). It is widespread in ielsson, Lars Lundqvist, Rune Bygebjerg, Christoffer Europe, but in Scandinavia only reported from Fägerström) for their hospitality during my visit there in April 2010. Netta Dorchin (Bonn) is thanked for southern Sweden (Tjeder 1955). the loan of E. krivosheinae specimen. Yngve Brodin (Molophilus) occultus de Mei- (Uppsala) gave constructive comments and Mats Jon- jere, 1918. Halland, Enslöv, Hylte (2504), sell (Uppsala) translated Abstract and figure legends 1.VIII.1983, (H. Andersson), 1 male (ZMLU). from English to Swedish. Liisa Puhakka (Turku) im- According to Hugo Andersson’s note book, proved the English of the manuscript. the locality is a small mire with Carex spp, Eriophorum sp, Narthecium ossifragum, Erica References tetralix and Calluna vulgaris [Liten mosse hå- Autio, O. & Salmela, J. 2010. The semi-aquatic fly vat på laggen med starr, ängsull, myrlilja och fauna (Diptera) of wetlands of the Åland Islands. klockljung. Ljungtuvor på mossen]. There are – Memoranda Societatis Pro Fauna Flora Fennica only two previous findings in Scandinavia, viz. 86: 43-53. reported by Tjeder (1955) from Skåne and from Bartsch, H., Cederberg, B., Engelmark, R., Hedmark, K. & Viklund, B. 2005. Diptera. – In: Gärdenfors, a spring fen surrounded by pine mire in Finland. U. (ed.). Rödlistade arter I Sverige 2005 - The The species is collected from acid mires (e.g. 2005 red list of Swedish species. 325-337. Swe- Boyce 2004). dish Species Information Centre, Uppsala. pentagonalis (Loew, 1873). Boardman, P. 2007. A provisional account and atlas Skåne, Malmö, Limhamns kalkbrott 2007, (B.- of the craneflies of Shropshire. – Privately pub- W. Svensson), 1 male (ZMLU). lished, Oswestry: 1-96. Reported by Tjeder (1955) only from Skåne. Boyce, D.C. 2004. A review of the invertebrate as- In Finland this species has rather peculiar range: semblage of acid mires. – English Nature Re- it is known from eastern Finland, middle boreal search Reports 592: 1-109. ecoregion. Collecting localities are small head- Cederberg, B., Bartsch, H., Bjelke, U., Brodin, Y., Engelmark, R., Kjaerandsen, J., Struwe, I., Sö- water streams influenced by groundwater, lying rensson, M., & Viklund, B. 2010. Tvåvingar, in calcareous districts. According to Podeniene Flies, Diptera. – In: Gärdenfors, U. (ed.). The (2009) larvae of S. pentagonalis develop in wa- 2010 red list of Swedish species. 393-409. Art- ter and sand of the riparian zone in Lithuania. Databanken, SLU, Uppsala. (Dasymolophilus) fuscescens Hancock, G.E., Hewitt, S.M., Godfrey, A. & Mullin, (Lackschewitz, 1940). Skåne, Kullaberg (2367), M. 2009. Thoracic spiracular gill structure of Lip- 24.VI.1981, (H. Andersson), 1 male (ZMLU). sothrix (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Britain described Not reported from Sweden by Tjeder (1955). from scanning electron micrographs. –Zoosym- Very rare species in Finland, collected around posia 3: 77-87. small streams with luxuriant riparian vegetation. de Jong, H., Oosterbroek, P., Gelhaus, J., Reusch, H. & Young, C. 2008. Global of crane- Tasiocera (Dasymolophilus) murina flies (Insecta, Diptera: Tipulidea or Tipulidae (Meigen, 1818). Skåne, Kullaberg (2358), sensu lato) in freshwater. – Hydrobiologia 595: 25.VI.1981, (H. Andersson), 1 male (ZMLU). 457-467. Skåne, Malmö, Limhamns kalkbrott 2007, (B.- Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria W. Svensson), 1 male (ZMLU). naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, spe- Reported by Tjeder (1955) from South Swe- cies, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, den. The species is associated with moist for- locis. Ed. 10. Salvii, Holmiae [= Stockholm], 1: ests (e.g. Boardman 2007). Very rare and poorly i-iv, 1-824. known in Finland. Mao, M. & Yang, D. 2010. Species of the genus Met- alimnobia Matsumura from China (Diptera, Li- moniidae). – Zootaxa 2344: 1-16.

117 Jukka Salmela Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Mendl, H. 1974. Småharkrankarna (Diptera, Tipuli- Salmela, J., Autio, O. & Ilmonen, J. 2007. A survey dae: ) i Messaureområdet. –Norrbot- on the nematoceran (Diptera) communities of tens Natur 30, Småskrift 1: 68-71. southern Finnish wetlands. – Memoranda Soci- Mendl, H. 1979. Limoniiden (Diptera, ) etatis Pro Fauna Flora Fennica 83: 33-47. aus dem Gebiet des Torneträsk (Schwedisch- Sandström, J. & Cederberg, B. 2010. Tipula jutlan- Lappland). – Fauna Norrlandica 1979 (5): 1-39. dica, jylländsk harkrank. http://snotra.artdata.slu. Mendl, H. 1987. Craneflies (Insecta, Nematocera:L i- se/artfakta/SpeciesInformationDocument/Tipu- moniidae) in coastal areas of the Gulf of Bothnia. la_Jutlandica_102050.pdf (site visited 7.4.2011) – Fauna Norrlandica 1987 (4): 1-16. Starý, J. 2006. Nomenclatural changes in West Pa- Oosterbroek, P. 2011. Catalogue of the Craneflies laearctic Limoniidae and (Diptera). – of the World (Diptera, Tipuloidea: Pediciidae, Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Biologica 49: 175- Limoniidae, , Tipulidae). – 186. http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/ccw/index.php (last update Starý, J. 2011: Gonomyia (Gonomyia) lucidula de 8.4.2011). Meijere and allies (Diptera: Limoniidae). – Ento- Petersen, M.J., Bertone, M.A., Wiegmann, B.M. & mologica Fennica 21: 232-243. Courtney, G.W. 2010. Phylogenetic synthesis of Starý, J. & Oosterbroek, P. 2008. New records of morphological and molecular data reveals new West Palaearctic Limoniidae, Pediciidae and insights into the higher-level classification of Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) from the collections Tipuloidea (Diptera). – Systematic Entomology of the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. – Zoo- 35: 526-545 taxa 1922: 1-20. Podeniene, V. 2009. Lithuanian (Limo- Tjeder, B. 1932. Beiträge zur Kenntnis Schwedischer niidae, Diptera): Larval habitat preferences and Diptera Nematocera. 1. – Entomologisk Tidskrift problems of identification, with description of last 53: 93-103. instar larvae of Molophilus (Molophilus) crassi- Tjeder, B. 1953. Elephantomyia edwardsi Lack. and pygus de Meijere, 1918, M. (M.) griseus (Mei- littoralis Mg. in Sweden (Dipt. Tipuli- gen, 1804), M. (M.) ochraceus (Meigen, 1818), dae). – Opuscula Entomologica 18: 231-232. M. (M.) propinquus (Egger, 1863). – Lauterbornia Tjeder, B. 1955. Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae. XIV. 68: 135-145. Diptera: Fam. Tipulidae. – Opuscula Entomolog- Podeniene, V. & Gelhaus, J.K. 2002: The first de- ica 20: 229-247. scription of the of the crane fly genus Gon- Tjeder, B. 1958. A synopsis of the Swedish Tipulidae, empeda Alexander, 1924 (Limoniidae: Chionei- 1. Subfam. Limoniinae: tribe . – Opus- nae), with new information for understanding the cula Entomologica 23: 133-169. phylogenetic relationships of the genus. – Pro- Tjeder, B. 1959. A synopsis of the Swedish Tipulidae, ceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of 2. Subfam. Limoniinae: tribe Pedicini. – Opus- Philadelphia 152: 67-73. cula Entomologica 24: 1-9. Przhiboro, A.A. 2003. New records of crane-flies Tjeder, B. & Andersson, H. 1989. Recension. – Ento- from NW Russia, with ecological notes on some mologisk Tidskrift 110: 30. species (Diptera, Tipulidae, Limoniidae). – Zoo- Wahlgren, E. 1905. Svensk Insektfauna, 11:1, Dip- systematica Rossica 11: 361-366. tera, Nemocera, Fam. 1-9. – Entomologisk Tid- Salmela, J. 2008. Semiaquatic fly (Diptera, Nematoc- skrift 26: 91-154. era) fauna of fens, springs, headwater streams and Wallengren, H.D.J. 1881. Revision af Skandinaviens alpine wetlands in the northern boreal ecoregion, Tipulidae. – Entomologisk Tidskrift 2: 177-208. Finland. – W-album 6: 1-63. Wallengren, H.D.J. 1882. Revision af Skandinaviens Salmela, J. 2009. The subgenus Tipula (Pterelachi- Tipulidae (Forts). –Entomologisk Tidskrift 3: 13- sus) in Finland (Diptera, Tipulidae) - species and 30. biogeographic analysis. – Zoosymposia 3: 255- Zetterstedt, J.W. 1838. Sectio tertia. Diptera. Dipter- 271. ologis Scandinaviae amicis et popularibus caris- Salmela, J. 2010. Cranefly (Diptera: Tipuloidea & simus. Insecta Lapponica. – Lipsiae [=Leipzig]: ) fauna of Limhamn limestone 477-868. quarry (Sweden, Malmö) – diversity and faunis- tics viewed from a NW European perspective. – Norwegian Journal of Entomology 57: 123-135

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