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Application of Santana, Madeira to Biosphere Reserve September 2010

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Application of Santana, Madeira to Biosphere Reserve September 2010 APPLICATION OF SANTANA, MADEIRA TO BIOSPHERE RESERVE SEPTEMBER 2010 APPLICATION OF SANTANA, MADEIRA TO BIOSPHERE RESERVE GENERAL COORDINATION MUNICÍPIO DE SANTANA ODÍLIA GARCÊS PRODUCTION TERRA CIDADE, EEM REGINA RIBEIRO FÁBIO PEREIRA TECNHICAL DIRECTION ANTÓNIO DOMINGOS ABREU SÉRGIO MARQUES TEIXEIRA AUTHORS ANTÓNIO DOMINGOS ABREU SÉRGIO MARQUES TEIXEIRA DUARTE COSTA DIVA FREITAS MANUELA MARQUES FILIPA LOJA GRAÇA MATEUS MARIA JOÃO NEVES FERDINANDO ABREU TAMIRA FREITAS COLLABORATION PAULO OLIVEIRA BERNARDO FARIA EUNICE PINTO PHOTOS CARLOS VIVEIROS SECRETARIA REGIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO E CULTURA - DIRECÇÃO REGIONAL DOS ASSUNTOS CULTURAIS SÉRGIO MARQUES TEIXEIRA VIRGÍLIO GOMES SPNM – PARQUE NATURAL DA MADEIRA TAMIRA FREITAS TERRA CIDADE EEM ACKOWLEDGMENTS A special thanks to the entire population of Santana for the motivation and expressions of support for this application To REDBIOS for the permanent encouragement and technical support that is offering over the past few years to the Autonomous Region of Madeira so that it can also promote the creation of a Biosphere Reserve, that this application is the result. Our thanks to all the officials from different departments of the Regional Government of Madeira, the city of Santana, the school district of Santana, entrepreneurs and local and regional organizations that, since the first time declared their readiness, interest and participation in the application process of Santana Biosphere Reserve. Index Part I: Summary 9 1. Proposed name of the biosphere reserve ................................................................. 9 2. Country .................................................................................................................... 9 3. Fulfillment of the three functions of Biosphere Reserves ....................................... 10 3.1. Conservation ................................................................................................... 10 3.2. Development ................................................................................................... 12 3.3. Logistic support ............................................................................................... 17 4. Criteria for designation as a Biosphere Reserve ..................................................... 19 4.1. Encompass a mosaic of ecological systems representative of major biogeographic regions, including a gradation of human intervention ............................................ 19 4.2. Be of significance for biological diversity conservation ........................................... 22 4.3. Provide na opportunity to explore and demonstrate approaches to sustainable development on a regional scale ........................................................................ 25 4.4. Have na appropriate size to serve the three functions of biosphere reserves ............ 26 4.5. Through appropriate zonation ............................................................................ 28 a) A legally constituted core area or areas devoted to long term protection, acording to the conservation objectives of the biosphere reserve, and of suficient size to meet these objectives.......................................................... 28 4.6. Organizational arrangements should be provided for the involvement and participation of a suitable range of inter alia public authorities, local communities and private interests in the design and the carrying out of the functions of a biosphere reserve ............................................................................................. 47 4.7. Mechanisms for implementation ......................................................................... 48 a) Mechanisms to manage human use and activities in the buffer zone or zones ........... 48 b) A management plan or policy for the area as a Biosphere Reserve .......................... 48 c) A designated authority or mechanism to implement this policy or plan .................... 49 d) Programmes for research, monitoring, education and training ................................ 50 5.1. Signed by the authority/authorities in charge of the management of the core area(s) ........................................................................................................... 52 5.2. Signed by the authority/authorities in charge of the management of the Buffer zone(s) ........................................................................................................... 52 5.3. Signed as appropriate by the national (or state or provincial) administration responsible for the management of the core area(s) and the buffer zone ................ 52 5.4. Signed by the authority/authorities, elected local governement recognized authority or spokesperson representative of the communities located in the transition area ................................................................................................. 52 5.5. Signed on behalf of the MAB National Committee or focal point .............................. 52 Part II: Description 53 6. Location (Latitude and Longitude) ......................................................................... 53 iv Application of Santana, Madeira to Biosphere Reserve – UNESCO - MAB 7. Area ........................................................................................................................ 53 7.1. Size of Core Area(s) .......................................................................................... 53 7.2. Size of Buffer Zone(s) ....................................................................................... 53 7.3. Approximate size of Transition Area(s) ................................................................ 53 7.4. Brief rationale of this zonation ............................................................................ 54 8. Biogeographical Region .......................................................................................... 54 9. Land use history ..................................................................................................... 55 10. Human population of proposed biosphere reserve ................................................ 56 10.1. Core Area(s) .................................................................................................. 56 10.2. Buffer Zone(s) ................................................................................................ 56 10.3. Transition Area(s) .................................................................................... 575756 10.4. Brief description of local communities living within or near the proposed Biosphere Reserve ............................................................................................ 57 10.5. Name of nearest major town ............................................................................ 58 10.6. Cultural significance ................................................................................. 595958 11. Physical Characteristics ........................................................................................ 70 11.1. General description of site charactheristics and topography of area ....................... 70 11.2.1. Highest elevation above sea level ................................................................ 71 11.2.2. Lowest elevation above sea level ................................................................. 71 11.2.3. For coastal/ marine areas, maximum depth below mean sea level ................... 71 11.3. Climate ......................................................................................................... 71 11.3.1. Average temperature of the warmest month ................................................. 71 11.3.2. Average temperatrure of the coldest month .................................................. 71 11.3.3. Mean anual precipitation ............................................................................. 71 11.3.4. If a meteorological station is in or near the proposed Biosphere reserve, indicate the year since when climatic data have been recorded ........................ 71 11.4. Geology, geomorphology, soils ......................................................................... 72 12. Biological Characteristics ...................................................................................... 81 12.1. Terrestrial Area .............................................................................................. 81 12.1.1. Characteristic species .......................................................................... 878786 12.1.2. Important Natural Processes ................................................................ 909089 12.1.3. Main Human Impacts .......................................................................... 919190 12.1.4. Relevant Management Practices............................................................ 929291 12.2. Coastal and Marine Area ........................................................................... 929291 12.2.1. Characteristic species .......................................................................... 969695 12.2.2. Important Natural Processes ................................................................ 979796 12.2.3. Main human impacts ........................................................................... 999998 12.2.4. Relevant management practices ...................................................... 101101100 12.3. Rural area .......................................................................................... 103103102 12.4. Urban
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