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The Theophaneia School: Jewish Roots of Eastern Christian Mysticism

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The Theophaneia School: Jewish Roots of Eastern Christian Mysticism The Theophaneia School: Jewish Roots of Eastern Christian Mysticism Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access Scrinium: Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique 3 Editorial Committee B. Lourié (Editor-in-Chief), St. Pétersbourg D. Nosnitsin (Secretary), Hamburg D. Kashtanov, Moscow S. Mikheev, Moscow A. Orlov, Milwaukee T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg D. Y. Shapira, Jérusalem S. Shoemaker, Oregon Secretariat T. Senina, St. Pétersbourg E. Bormotova, Montréal Scrinium. Revue de patrologie, d’hagiographie critique et d’histoire ecclésiastique, established in 2005, is an international multilingual scholarly series devoted to patristics, critical hagiography, and Church history. Each volume is dedicated to a theme in early church history, with a particular emphasis on Eastern Christianity, while not excluding developments in the western church. Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access The Theophaneia School: Jewish Roots of Eastern Christian Mysticism Edited by Basil Lourié Andrei Orlov 9 342009 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access Gorgias Press LLC, 180 Centennial Ave., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © 2009 by Gorgias Press LLC Originally published in 2007 All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. 2009 ܕ 9 ISBN 978-1-60724-083-9 ISSN 1817-7530 Scrinium 3 was originally published by Byzantinorossica, St. Petersburg, 2007. Printed in the United States of America Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .............................................................................................. vii Â. Ì. ËÓÐÜÅ. Theophaneia School: Ýêôðàñèñ Íåáåñíîãî Õðàìà ................... ix B. LOURIÉ. The Theophaneia School: An Ekphrasis of the Heavenly Temple ... xiii Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). Theophaneia: Forum on the Jewish Roots of Orthodox Spirituality ................................ xvii Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). Christian Mysticism Over Two Millenia .. xxi List of Abbreviations.................................................................................... xxxiv Location of the Original Publications .......................................................... xxxix Part One: Christian Texts Bogdan G. BUCUR. The Angelomorphic Spirit in Early Christianity: Revelation, the Shepherd of Hermas, Clement of Alexandria ..................... 3 Dragoº-Andrei GIULEA. Seeking to See Him at the Festival of Pascha: Glory-Soteriology in Early Christian Paschal Materials and Rabbinic Literature ............................................................................... 30 Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). «The Demons Suggest an Illusion of God’s Glory in a Form»: Controversy over the Divine Body and Vision of Glory in Some Late Fourth, Early Fifth Century Monastic Literature...................................................................................... 49 Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). Dionysius Areopagites in the Works of Saint Gregory Palamas: On the Question of a «Christological Corrective» and Related Matters ................................ 83 Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). The Body of Christ: Saint Symeon the New Theologian on Spiritual Life and the Hierarchical Church ...................................................................... 106 Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). Dionysius Areopagites: A Christian Mysticism? ............................................................................. 128 Hieromonk Alexander (GOLITZIN). The Image and Glory of God in Jacob of Serug’s Homily, «On That Chariot That Ezekiel the Prophet Saw» .................................................................. 180 Andrei ORLOV, Alexander GOLITZIN. «Many Lamps are Lightened from the One»: Paradigms of the Transformational Vision in the Macarian Homilies .......................................................................... 213 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access viii Scrinium III (2007). The Theophaneia School Part Two: Jewish Texts Andrei A. ORLOV. «Without Measure and Without Analogy»: The Tradition of the Divine Body in 2 (Slavonic) Enoch ......................... 233 Silviu N. BUNTA. Too Vast to Fit in the World: Moses, Adam, and Myhl) Mlc in the Testament of Moses 11:8 .................................. 258 Andrei A. ORLOV. Celestial Choirmaster: The Liturgical Role of Enoch-Metatron in 2 Enoch and the Merkabah Tradition .................... 279 Andrei A. ORLOV. The Face as the Heavenly Counterpart of the Visionary in the Slavonic Ladder of Jacob ................................................................ 303 Andrei A. ORLOV. Ex 33 on God’s Face: A Lesson from the Enochic Tradition ....................................................... 323 Andrei A. ORLOV. On The Polemical Nature of 2 (Slavonic) Enoch: A Reply to C. Böttrich ............................................................................... 337 Silviu N. BUNTA. The Mçsu-Tree and the Animal Inside: Theomorphism and Theriomorphism in Daniel 4 ..................................... 364 Andrei A. ORLOV. Resurrection of Adam’s Body: The Redeeming Role of Enoch-Metatron in 2 (Slavonic) Enoch ............ 385 Andrei A. ORLOV. The Origin of the Name «Metatron» and the Text of 2 (Slavonic) Enoch .......................................................... 390 Andrei A. ORLOV. Titles of Enoch-Metatron in 2 (Slavonic) Enoch .............. 397 Andrei A. ORLOV. Overshadowed by Enoch’s Greatness: «Two Tablets» Traditions from the Book of Giants to Palaea Historica . 412 Andrei A. ORLOV. Secrets of Creation in 2 (Slavonic) Enoch......................... 432 Andrei A. ORLOV. The Heirs of the Enochic Lore: «Men of Faith» in 2 Enoch 35:2 and Sefer Hekhalot 48D:10 .................. 451 Andrei A. ORLOV. Noah’s Younger Brother Revisited: Anti-Noachic Polemics and the Date of 2 (Slavonic) Enoch .................... 464 Andrei A. ORLOV. The Flooded Arboretums: The Garden Traditions in the Slavonic Version of 3 Baruch and the Book of Giants.................... 481 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access THEOPHANEIA SCHOOL: › ‘–¿—»— Õ≈¡≈—ÕŒ√Œ ’–¿Ã¿ «Àââà Âèññàðèîí, óìèðàÿ, ãîâîðèë: ìîíàõ, ïîäîáíî õåðóâèìàì è ñåðà- ôèìàì, äîëæåí áûòü âåñü îêîì» (Apophthegmata Patrum, Âèññàðèîí 11). Àââà Âèññàðèîí òóò íå ïðîñòî ãîâîðèë, à öèòèðîâàë. Áûòü ìîæåò, îí öèòèðîâàë àâòîðà Corpus Macarianum (êîòîðîãî ìû, âñëåä çà À. Ã. Äóíà- åâûì, ñ÷èòàåì íóæíûì îòîæäåñòâèòü ñ Ñèìåîíîì Ìåñîïîòàìñêèì1 ), à åùå âåðîÿòíåå îáùóþ òðàäèöèþ, îäèíàêîâî àâòîðèòåòíóþ è äëÿ ìî- íàøåñòâà Åãèïòà, ê êîòîðîìó ïðèíàäëåæàë àââà Âèññàðèîí, è äëÿ ìîíà- øåñòâà Ñèðèè, â ñðåäå êîòîðîãî áûë íàïèñàí Corpus Macarianum. Ðå÷ü èäåò îá àñêåòè÷åñêîì òîëêîâàíèè êîëåñíèöû Áîæèåé â âèäåíèè Èåçåêèèëÿ (Èåç., ãë. 1), êîòîðîå ìû òåïåðü ïîäðîáíåå âñåãî ìîæåì ïðî- ÷èòàòü â òîé èç ìàêàðèåâûõ áåñåä, êîòîðîé îòêðûâàåòñÿ ñîáðàíèå òè- ïà II. Òàì, â ÷àñòíîñòè, ñêàçàíî: «Èáî äóøà, êîòîðóþ Äóõ, óãîòîâàâøèé åå â ñåäàëèùå è îáèòåëü Ñåáå, ñïîäîáèë ïðèîáùèòüñÿ ñëàâû ñâåòà Åãî, è îñèÿë êðàñîòîþ íåèçðå÷åí- íîé ñëàâû Ñâîåÿ, äåëàåòñÿ âñÿ ñâåòîì, âñÿ ëèöåì, âñÿ îêîì; íåò ó íåå íè îäíîé ÷àñòè, íå èñïîëíåííîé äóõîâíûõ î÷åé ñâåòà, òî åñòü íåò â íåé íè÷åãî îìðà÷åííîãî, íî âñÿ îíà âñåöåëî ñîäåëàíà ñâåòîì è äóõîì, âñÿ èñïîëíåíà î÷åé, è íå èìååò íèêàêîé ïîñëåäíåé èëè çàäíåé ñòîðî- íû, íî îòîâñþäó ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ ëèöåì, ïîòîìó ÷òî ñíèçîøëà íà íåå è âîññåäèò íà íåé íåèçðå÷åííàÿ êðàñîòà ñëàâû Ñâåòà-Õðèñòà».2 Äóøà ïðåâðàùàåòñÿ â íåáåñíóþ êîëåñíèöó, âîçíîñÿùóþñÿ ê ñâîåìó ïðèðîäíîìó ìåñòó ê Ñâÿòîìó Ñâÿòûõ Íåáåñíîãî Õðàìà, ãäå êîëåñíè- öà, âèäåííàÿ Èåçåêèèëåì, çàíèìàåò ñâîå çàêîííîå ìåñòî Êîâ÷åãà Çàâå- òà, òî åñòü Ïðåñòîëà Áîæèÿ Âñÿ ýòà «ìèñòèêà ìåðêàáû (êîëåñíèöû)» õîðîøî çíàêîìà õðèñòè- àíàì èç Âåòõîãî Çàâåòà è èç ïðîäîëæàþùèõ Âåòõèé Çàâåò, íî ñîõðàíåí- 1 Ñì. ìîíîãðàôèþ À. Ã. Äóíàåâà â ñîñòàâå: Ïðåïîäîáíûé Ìàêàðèé Åãèïåò- ñêèé, Äóõîâíûå ñëîâà è ïîñëàíèÿ. Ñîáðàíèå òèïà I (Vatic. graec. 694) / Èçäàíèå ïîäãîòîâèë À. Ã. ÄÓÍÀÅ (Ì., 20072) (â ïå÷àòè).  ýòîì æå òîìå ìîÿ ðåöåíçèÿ íà ïåðâîå èçäàíèå, âûøåäøåå â 2002 ã. À. Ã. Äóíàåâ âîçâðàùàåòñÿ ê ñòàðîé ãèïîòå- çå H. Dörries îòíîñèòåëüíî àâòîðñòâà Ñèìåîíà, íî òåïåðü óáåäèòåëüíî, êàê ìíå ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ, äîêàçûâàåò åå íà îñíîâàíèè íîâûõ äàííûõ. 2 Ñîáðàíèå II, áåñåäà 1. Êðèòè÷åñêîå èçäàíèå: H. DÖRRIES, E. KLOSTERMANN, M. KROEGER, Die 50 geistlichen Homilien des Makarios (Berlin, 1964) (Patristische Texte und Studien, 4) 1–2. Ðóñ. ïåð.: Ïðåïîäîáíàãî îòöà íàøåãî Ìàêàðèÿ Åãèïåò- ñêàãî Äóõîâíûå áåñåäû, ïîñëàíèÿ è ñëîâà, ñ ïðèñîâîêóïëåíèåì ñâåäåíèé î æèç- íè åãî è ïèñàíèÿõ / Ïåðåâåäåíû ñ ãðå÷åñêîãî ïðè Ìîñêîâñêîé Äóõîâíîé Àêàäå- ìèè (Ñâÿòî-Òðîèöêàÿ Ñåðãèåâà Ëàâðà, 19044; ðåïð. 1994) 3–4. Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 08:05:26AM via free access x Scrinium III (2007). The Theophaneia School íûõ òîëüêî â õðèñòèàíñêîé òðàäèöèè ïðîèçâåäåíèé ýïîõè Âòîðîãî Õðà- ìà. Íî ÷òî îíà äåëàåò â õðèñòèàíñòâå? Íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëè îáðàùåíèå ê ýòîé òðàäèöèè ó àâòîðà ìàêàðèåâûõ áåñåä ïðîñòî ñëó÷àéíûì ðåöèäèâîì èóäåéñêîé òðàäèöèè? Íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ. Îò÷àñòè ýòî ìîæíî çàìåòèòü èç ñëîâ åãèïåòñêîãî, à íå ñèðèéñêîãî îòöà, àââû Âèññàðèîíà, ñ êîòîðûõ ìû íà÷àëè ýòî ïðåäèñëî- âèå. Ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå, äëÿ ðàííåãî ìîíàøåñòâà ýòà òðàäèöèÿ áûëà îäè- íàêîâî óíèâåðñàëüíîé
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