Munich Personal RePEc Archive Collective Efficacy of a Regional Network: Extending the Social Embeddedness Perspective of Entrepreneurship Muhammad, Nabeel and Léo-Paul, Dana Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan, Montpellier Business School, France October 2015 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70120/ MPRA Paper No. 70120, posted 21 Mar 2016 15:54 UTC Collective Efficacy of a Regional Network: Extending the Social Embeddedness Perspective of Entrepreneurship Nabeel Muhammad Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
[email protected] Nabeel Muhammad holds a degree in Economics from Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. Léo-Paul Dana* Montpellier Business School, France
[email protected] Léo-Paul Dana is chair-holder of the Entrepreneurship & Innovation chair, which is part of LabEx Entrepreneurship (University of Montpellier, France). Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Muhammad, N. and Dana, L-P. (2015) ‘Collective Efficacy of a Regional Network: Extending the Social Embeddedness Perspective of Entrepreneurship’ Paper presented at 2015 Inaugural Entrepreneurship Research Society (ERS) Research Conference and Meetings, October 29-30, Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, N.Y. * Corresponding Author 1 ABSTRACT Through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with members of the Memon community, in Pakistan, this paper probes into how the collective efforts of a regional network can facilitate entrepreneurship, social enterprises and regional development. The setting is a developing country that is lacking a large-scale entrepreneurial culture. Despite caste differences, Memons throughout the Karachi region meet and share experiences with other Memon members of their network – including Memons from unlike castes.