TA BLE or CON TEN TS

Chap ter I . — i i o f t N a m —N a S tiubha rtich S ewa O r g n he e t rt, u r —A nc s ra a itions—F us Son Steuart a nd St a t e t l Tr d erg —, o f a rd—B an uo a n o f o chaber The F erquh q . Th e L — — Dap ifer o f Do l The H igh Stewa rds of Scotland The

Fi rst King of the Ra ce .

I Chapter I . — — Ea rly Ca dets o f the F a mily Sir John o f B o nkyI Sir — a mes of P eri sto un T e B a ck Kn ight o f Lorn J — h l ban Wo f o f B a no —A x an Ea rl o f A l —y The l de ch le der, Ma r A tho le.

h C a pter III . — The Clan a n d the Crown The B a dge a nd Ta rta n — B ra n ches o f the Cla n Duga ld and the Clan A p p in — The Cla n Ma rching Song Dona ld o f the H a mmers — The A tho lemen The Cla ch Dea rg o f A rdvo i rlich h ’ Slio c d A ileen i c Rob . I Chapter V. The D na st —Ma r u n o f ots—B onni P i n y y y , Q ee Sc e r ce

Cha rlie.

a Ch pter V. — Ea rly A merican Hi sto ry o f the F a mily Story o f Ea rly e s o f t N a —P a t i k tua i of d Settl r he me r c S rt, La rd Le — — i o n Stewa r o f on don R o cre ch J h t L derry ev . J hn — — ua r ewa o f o i a i ut i i St t S t rt Ge rg L e . W ll a m Stewart G o tua t— o on ua r o f i ni e rge S r C l el St t V rgi a . I Chapter V . — The F a mily in Revolutiona ry Times F rom the Revola — tion to the Civ il Wa r Civ il Wa r Records. h I I C a pter V . F n n The a mily i the U ited States . h C a pter VIII . D sc n in n Lines of e e t Scotla d , Engla n d and I rela nd i H ea d s o f the F a m ly N ota ble Members o f the Fa mily n t B ri ish i i he t Emp re . h ' C apter I . A o i B a in rm r al e r gs .

P RE FA CE

LL races of men seem to have an intui tive feeling that it is a subj ect of legiti mate pride to be one of a clan or family whose name is written large in past his E k k w tory and present affairs . verybody li es to no h l somet ing about his forefathers , and to be ab e to tell to his children th e tales or stories about their a n

c es to rs h h . , which he imself has eard from his parents “ H a r th The commandment, onor thy f the and y ” m f fo r f l other , is good and su ficient authority that ee ing of reverence which is so generally shown towards h fa m a line of onorable ancestry . The history of the ily was a matter of much importance to the Greek ; it was the custom of a primitive Roman to preserve in the a ula of his house th e im a ge s of all the illus tri o us men the family had pro duced ; the Chinese go so far as to magnify such reverence into ancestor worship ; and even the Red I ndian of our o w n North west recorded the traditions o fhis ancestors on the h . W ma t e totem of his tribe ell , then , y the story of

h e n c ivalry , courag and eve lawlessness (so often the mate of courage) of their forefathers find a respo nsiv e echo in the hearts of their present day descendants, “ s u who come of ane hou e , and being of ane s rname , ” a n t m notwithstanding this l g y e byga ne . It is not intended in this story of the family to attempt a ny a n w a n f gene logical investigatio , or to sho y amily tree , but rather to tell of those bygone members o f the clan in whose achievements and history i t i s the common heritage of all who hear th e n ame to 5 6 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

— u take pride and interest old stories of the Royal ho se , old stories of reckless bravery , of scions of the Royal stock who were good and true friends , but fierce and bitter enemies—stories of the progenitors of the race

e who fought hard , liv d hard , and died as they fought and lived . Those olden days may seem a time of

h a scant respect for law , of misdirected c iv lry and of

w o brave deeds often r ngly done , but there is surely S no true Stewart or tuart who , in his inmost heart, is not pro ud to cla im descent from the illustriou s r race , whose ancient records are eplete with many tr ‘ i a ll regal and romantic aditions , remind ng who hold , or shall hereafter hold , the honored name , that they F etch their life and being F rom men of Royal siege ; whose later records tell of tho se e a rly adventurers who left their native hills and glens for the new land of promise , and whose descendants have , in more n p rosaic times , ear ed honors in literature , arms and “ r art . It is wise for us to recur to the histo y of our ancestors . Those who do not look upon themselves as links co nn ecting th e past with the futu re do not ” fulfill their duty in the w orld . H I STO RY O F TH E FA M I LY

O F STEWA RT O R STUA RT

HA P TE C R 1 .

H E Royal race of Stewart or Stuart c a n boast a line of unbroken ancestry equalled by few families who have occupied the

thrones of Europe , and the origin of the n am e and early history of the house are matters of na ti o na l S N a interest . The history of the family of tewart ,

Sti ub ha rti ch s , begins before the invention of surname , a w t which , ccording to accepted authorities , ere firs l used by the Normans in the twelfth century . A though historians differ as to the ancestral origin of St s the family , the origin of the name of ewart seem

o u o ffi o f clear . O bvi sly derived fr m the high o ce

Steward of the Royal Household , it was probably first l used as a surname by Walter , the third of the fami y f to occupy that hereditary o fice , and who died about

1 2 46 . The orthography of the name consonant with

its rise seems therefore the most ancient . But dif

ferent e th e m races in p rocess of tim have altered na e , n and accordi gly we find it also written Steuart, and

S S . by the later Royal family of cotland , tuart A probable explanation of the different methods of writ

n a e a ing the m seems to be , that the e rly main line

S f o f used tewart , derived r m their o fice of hereditary S Lord High teward , and therefore those who retain the original spelling are descended from some one or o ther of the branches which diverged from the main line at a period antecedent to the use of Stuart by the later Royal family . Also that the families wh o adopt the spelling of Steuart are offshoots of the

Royal house previously to that time . The close c o n 7 8 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

n ecti o n which existed between Scotland and France appears to be responsible for the practice of writing the n a S F me in the form of tuart , as the rench are with

out the w in their alphabet . Si r John Stewart of ’ Darnley and D A ub ig n y has been mentioned as being F the first to use the rench spelling , at the time he M F . was in the service of the Court of rance ary , S F Queen of cots , owing to her residence in rance and F to strong attachment to all things rench , contributed

a y a l bring the innovation into use in the Royal f mil , K n VI S ' though her son , i g James of cotland and I of

. o rtho England , in some charters prefers the earlier g ra p h y ; and in the death warrant of Charles I the name r S . e is spelled teua t Historians , rightly or wrongly, hav

a generally applied to the Roy l family , since the time M of Queen ary , the method of writing the name S ff adopted by her , tuart , and , in the case of the di erent o families , that mode of orth graphy has been rightly followed which the families have long been in the habit of using . In considering the ancestral origin of the family we

find much that is , of course , established by proof,

o . much , als , that is traditional and speculative But to discard , as untrue , all tradition incapabl e of proof, w ea would do a ay with much of rly history , and it is therefore intended to present both the traditional and authenticated history of the progenitors of the

a . f mily I

One fact stands out clearly , namely , that the house of Stewart or Stuart p rovided a race of Scottish Kings who occup ied the throne of S cotland for upwards of three hundred years , and that of England for more than one hundred years and from whom the present dynasty of Great Britain and Ireland are de S scended . The first of such Kings was Robert tewart , Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mily 9

S afterwards King Robert II , the son of Walter tewart , S b sixth hereditary Lord High Steward of cotland , y M his wife , the Princess arjory , daughter of King e Robert the Bruce . He was th refore descended on S the maternal side from the line of cottish Kings , and on the paternal side from the house of Stewart . Ma n v stories that are probably mythical have been told concerning the ancestral origin of both the male and female lines . In the case of the female line , could i t be shown that the dynasty of Scotland was older h than that of England , t en the claim of the latter dynasty to overlordship would be overthrown , and patriotic hi s torians have endeavored to adduce proof

. a n of such seniority As an instance , Bisset , emis S sarv of cotland to the Papal Court , app eared before V 1 0 1 S Pope Boniface II I , in 3 , in support of cottish

n n d r indepe dence , a told the remarkable story reco ded

P ro res s u s fi men ta in his , g contra g regis Angliae , that the Egyptian Princess Scota was the founder of th e Da lria d a n d o th e iS c o to - dynasty , pr geni tress of Pic S tish Kings . This cota was the daughter of the Pharaoh

S ea who was drowned in the Red , and is said to have G a th elu s married , a son of Cecrops , King of Athens , m with who , and a goodly following , she fled from Egypt to Spain to escape the plagues in the former F country . rom Spain they and their followers later

n set sail and landed in Irela d , from which country they

S n afterwards went over to cotland , bri ging with them ,

S . according to Bisset , the coronation stone of cone Another account states that the first of the Scot

D a lr i a di c F tish line of Kings was the ergus , son of

F er u a h a d q , whom the historian Buchanan relates “ r 6 1 began to eign in the year of the world 3 4 , before n the comi g of Christ 330 years . But the generally accepted founder of the D a lri a dic dynasty was the 1 0 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

F E a r a D a lri a d a much later ergus Mor Mac c . was the ancien t name for the northern part of the county

Da lri a d s of Antrim , Ireland . The are supposed to

- fh a . a rb r R Ri o h a d . have descended from C y iada, ( g , i e th e S of long wrist) , a son of a chief of the cots in

Ireland , who ruled not only, in the district of Ireland S named after him , but crossed to cotland and settled in the land of the Picts . About the year 50 0 A . D .

D a lria d s F the , led by ergus , passed over to what is now Argyllshire , where they settled themselves per “ ma n en tl D a lri a d a y, and formed the Kingdom of in

Albany , which later extended and became the King dom of Scotland . So much for the ancestors of the first Stewart King in the female line . With regard to the male line ,

o early historians , supp rted by charters and deeds , trace with accuracy the descent from Alan , father of Walter S the first teward of the Royal household , under King 1 1 2 1 1 David I , who reigned from 4 to 53 . They do not , however , agree as to the ancestral origin of

Alan , some historians agreeing with the tradition which connects the male Stewart line with Kenneth

A i e y ea r 8 Mac lp n , who in the 44 became King of

D a lri a d s S the united , Picts and cots , thus knitting to gether the male and female line of the first Stewart king in a common ancestral origin , for, as we have seen , it is claimed that the founder of the line of F Scottish kings was ergus , whose reign , according to

. 0 . Buchanan , began B . C 33 Tradition traces the de scent from this F ergus through thirty - two genera 8 D tions down to Kenneth Mac Alpine , who , in 59 A . . , h d . was succee ed by his brot er Donald Constantine , the brother of Kenneth Mac Alpine , succeeded Donald 86 Eth u s 8 in 3 , being followed by his brother in 77. At this point the descent of the progenitors of the Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 1 1

S tewarts diverges from that of the Scottish Kings , D i h o r E t us . into the line of , second son of But , later , 1 1 on the death of David II , in 37 , the representation n t of the main line devolved upo his nephew, Rober

w r f D o i r S o . te art , (Robe t the descendent

D o i r E thus , second son of , was Maormor , or Thane fl . O s eda of Lochaber He married , daughter of Osbert , i Hi s s n n 6 . o King of Northumbria, and died 93 ,

D erv e il Murdoch , married g , daughter of Hugh , said to be the ancestor of the family of Douglas . Murdoch

b - F e r u died in 959, and was followed y his brother q L n a rt o c 80 . hard , who was killed at y in the year 9 F er u h a rd Kenneth , the son of q , married a daughter 1 0 0 of King Kenneth II I , and died in 3 leaving a son ,

Banquo , the Thane of Lochaber , whose posterity , the witches on the blasted heath foretold , were to be Kings “ S n of cotla d , Thou shalt get Kings , though thou be ” none , the witches , enigmatically declaring him to be “ n lesser tha Macbeth and greater , not so happy yet ” much happier . He was murdered by Macbeth about 1 0 50 .

F lea n c e s o n Of , the n of Ba quo , Hollinshed in his “ Chronicles says , Macbeth devised to slay Banquo and his soune . It chanced through the benefit of a dark night that though the father was slain , the son

th e yet , by help of Almighty God reserving him to n better fortu e , escaped that danger , and to avoid fur ” hi r ther trouble fled into Wales . Another early sto “ F lea n c e ian states , that fled to the Prince of North G riff th a h Wales , y p Lewellyn , with whose daug ter

G u en ta being enamoured , the Welsh Princess bore to ” F n Flea n c e . lea c e a son , Alan Camden says was mur 1 0 60 dered , about the year , on account of the favor with which he , a stranger , was looked upon by the

Welsh Prince . In consequence of a quarrel at the 1 2 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

1 0 6 s o u Flean ce Welsh Court , about 7, Alan , the of , is ’ said to have returned to his father s native country hi s of Scotland , at a time when Edgar Atheling, with

mother and two sisters , had left England , and placed

themselves under the protection of Michael Canmore , 1 0 8 ( Malcolm II I , 5 who soon after married

n e n Margaret , the elder of the two Princesses . Ala tered the service of King Malcolm , and went to the

1 0 6- 1 0 Crusade of 9 99, where it is stated he p erformed great things in the Holy Land under the standard of ” Godfred of Bouillon , and was present at the taking of Jerusalem in the latter year . Alan went to Eng

i n land , possibly the entourage of the Princess Matilda , 1 1 0 0 who married Henry I in the year , and entered the service of the English King , receiving from the King various grants of land in Norfolk and Sh ro p “ S hro shire , with the whole Honour of the heriff of S p ”

. S 1 1 0 shire ome time prior to the year 5, he married E rn ul h H es di n Avelina , daughter of p de g , by whom F he had four sons , William , ancestor of the itz Alans , 1 6 Earls of Arundel , which Earldom , in 55 , became merged in the Duchy of Norfolk ; Walter, afterwards

S o f S the first High teward cotland ; Jordan , whose

x i e o fh i s S line became e t nct in the p rson son ; and imon , S who accompanied Walter to cotland and had a son ,

B o idh Robert , known as , fair or yellow , the ancestor of the Boyds and the Earls of Kilmarnock .

Other historians claim that Alan , the father of the S S first teward of cotland was of Breton origin , and took descent from an earlier Alan who was Dap’ifer

S en es c ha llu s e f D 0 1 or , in Northern F rance . This

tw o Alan is said to have had sons , the elder of whom ,

D0 1 Alan , succeeded his father as Dapifer of , and was a leader of the Crusade in 1 097. The younger F la a d son , , is said by Pinkerton to have been the Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 3

s father of the agreed ancestor, Alan . Pinkerton state

s o n F l that Alan , the of aa d , was a Norman Baron , who obtained from William the Conqueror the Barony of S to Oswestry , in hropshire , and agrees with regard three of the sons named in the first mentioned account ,

a F n mely , William , the ancestor of the itz Alans , Earls S S o of Arundel ; Walter , the teward of c tland ; and

S . S imon , who accompanied Walter to cotland But , neither in the Domesday Book , the Roll of Battle

Abbey , nor in any account of those who accompanied

William the Conqueror from Normandy, is the name of Alan or his father included .

to S Walter , the son of Alan , came cotland and was appointed by King David I ( 1 1 2 4- 1 1 53) Steward of the Royal household . The duties of High Steward were of the greatest imp ortance , comprising the man a ement g of the Royal household , collection of the ’ National revenue , and the command of the King s F armies . rom the King , Walter obtained grants of the lands of Renfrew , Pollock , Cathcart and others in that district . These grants were confirmed by Mal I 1 1 1 1 V . 60 colm in 57 In , Walter founded the Abbey of Paisley , the B enedictine monks of which came from e S . the Priory of W nlock , in hropshire Chalmers says , “ The manor of Dundonald belonged to Walter , the s o n W of Alan , who held the hole of the northern half of Kyle . Perhaps the Castle of Dundonald was built by the first Walter who had n o appropriate house ” or castle when he settled in Scot land . The Castle of Dundonald stands on an isolated hill , eight miles 1 1 north of Ayr . Walter died in 77, and was buried in the Monastery of Paisley, which became the bury ing place of the family until their accession to the throne .

la n A , the son of Walter succeeded as High Steward 1 4 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

S an d 1 2 0 W of cotland died in 4 , leaving a son , alter , whom Alexander II appointed Judiciary of Scotland in addition to the hereditary office of Lord High

Steward . The practice of using the name of the hereditary office as a surname is ascribed to thi s th e S Walter, who settled name of tewart on his de

s c en d a nts . 1 2 6 Walter died in 4 , leaving three sons and three daughters . His sons were , Alexander, the eldest S i r and successor as Lord High teward ; S John , who

a Si r was killed at Damiett , in Egypt ; and Walter , ” B a illo ch known as or the freckled , who became the

Earl of Menteith . S S Alexander tewart, the fourth Lord High teward

1 2 o f S of Scotland , was , in 55, one the Regents of cot K land , and councillors of ing Alexander III , who was but eight years of age when crowned at S cone in

1 2 . 49 Alexander married Jean , the heiress of James , S Lord of Bute and grandson of omerled , Lord of the

Isles , and in her right seized the Isles Arran and Bute .

' Roderick of Bute complained to Hakon , King of Nor m S way , of the encroach ents of the cots , and the Nor w e i a n 1 2 6 g King, in 3, appeared at Kirkwall with a large fleet . King Hakon was defeated at the Battle

z u d 1 2 6 h of Largs , October , 3 , in w ich battle the High Steward commanded the right wing of the Scottish 8 S 1 2 . army . Alexander tewart died in 3 S H e had two sons , James tewart , his successor , B o nk l and Si r John Stewart of y in B erwickshire . Also Si r a daughter , Elizabeth , who married William Doug

. Si r S las , ancestor of the Earls of Douglas John tew art o fB o nkyl was the ancestor of many noble fam ili es as will be told later . On the death of King 1 2 86 S Alexander I II , in , James tewart , Lord High S Steward , was one of the six Regents of cotland dur ’ “ ing the infant Queen Margaret s absence in No ro wa y Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 5

fa em over the . The six custodians of the realm were , F St . The Bishop of Andrews , The Earl of ife , The Earl of Buchan , The Lord of Badenoch , The Bishop of

. Re Glasgow , and James , the Steward Three of the F gents took charge north , and three south , of the orth . u As showing the necessity for the division of a thority , 1 2 6 the seal used by the burghers of Stirling , in 9 , may be mentioned . The seal represents the stone bridge F over the orth , with a crucifix in the centre , to the right of which men with spears aim them at men with bows at the left . Above the spearmen appear “ ” H i e S the words , armis bruti coti stant ; above the “ ” H i e bowmen , cruce tuti , meaning to distinguish the S “ “ ” bruti coti , ( Hieland from the Christians

F . 1 2 8 south of the orth In 9, with the parties of B ruce and Balliol at open feud , and Scotland on the verge of anarchy , the management of the Kingdom was entrusted to the Steward while the other Regents journeyed to Englan d to treat with Edward I . He signed the Ragman Roll in 1 2 96 containing the i n struments of fealty to Edward , but the same year, he and his brother Si r John Stewart of B o nkyl associated

1 a s themselves with Wallace . In 30 6 he w compelled

L a n erco st to swear fealty to the English King at , and

hi s to render oath as binding as possible , it was taken upon the two crosses of Scotland most esteemed for their sanctity , on the consecrated host, the Holy Gos pel , and relics of saints . Nevertheless , he again sup ported the patriotic cause , considering that his faith was not to a usurper , but to his country , and died in the service of Bruce in 1 309 . James Stewart resided at Renfrew Castle , which had originally been a royal residence , and is situated on high ground between the ’ n d F Cross a the erry on the King s Inch . The sixth Lord High Steward of Scotland w a s 1 6 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

Walter Stewart , the son of James . When only twenty

one years of age , he , with Douglas , commanded the left wing of the Scots army at the Battle of Bannock

1 1 . burn , 3 4

S S Walter , tewart of cotland syne e That then was but a beardless lyn , Came with a rout of noble men

That might by countenance be ken . K Towards the close of the same year , Elizabeth , ing ’ Robert the Bruce s second wife , and his daughter

Marjory , by his first wife , who were in captivity in

England , were liberated in exchange for the Earl of Hereford ; and the young Steward was sent by King

Robert to receive them on the Borders . Walter evi

d en tl y made the most of his opportunity , for the fol lowing year the King bestowed the Princess Marjory

in marriage upon him . With her he received in dower

a large endowment in lands , including the Barony of

Bathgate , Linlithgowshire . He had already received the Lordship of Largs on the forfeiture of John Bal l 1 li o . r 1 Princess Marjo y died in 3 6 . According to

s h e o tradition was thr wn from her horse at the Knock ,

near Renfrew , and instantly killed , leaving a son who

was afterwards King Robert II . When King Robert the Bruce went to the assistance

of his brother Edward in Ireland , he left the Kingdom to the sway of the High Steward and Si r James Doug

las . On the capture of Berwick from the English , in 1 1 8 S 3 , Walter tewart got the command of the town , 1 which he defended against the English in 1 3 9 . In ’ 1 2 2 r 3 , during Bruce s invasion of England , afte the

B i la nd defeat of the English at g Abbey in Yorkshire , S the teward , with five hundred horse , pursued Edward

to York , where with the greatest chivalry, the Stew

1 8 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

o of the family . The foll wing year Robert Stewart D u escaped from Bute , recovered his own castle of

noon , and reduced the Island of Bute , compelling the people of Renfrewshire and Ayrshire to ackno wledge

i r . S David I I On the death of Andrew Moray , the

1 8 the S Regent , in 33 , command of the cots army de S W volved on the teward , by hose exertions the Eng

lish were eventually driven from the country . In 1 1 34 , when Stirling and Edinburgh were in S cottish

hands , it was deemed safe to bring back David I I F 1 O . c from rance , where he had been sent in 334 In 1 6 a tober 34 , when D vid I I was defeated and taken prisoner by the English at the Battle of Neville ’ s S Cross , the remains of the cottish army were safely brough t back to Scotland by the Earl of March and

S . the teward David lived happily in England , while S S Robert tewart ruled cotland , and evinced no strong

‘ desire for the return of the King . The liberation of i n 1 efl ected b the S the King was , 357, y teward , his own eldest son being one of the hostages sent to ’ 1 6 England in the sovereign s stead . But in 3 3, the son f of Robert the Bruce went to London , and of ered to sell the freedom of Scotland to the grandson of Ed ward I ; the p roposal being that the succession to the S throne of cotland be settled on Prince Lionel , Duke

of Clarence , son of the English king . This proposal S being made to the cots Parliament evoked the reply , ” to Never will we have an Englishman rule over us , and the Steward assembled his followers to enforce

his right of succession , which had been confirmed by

a former Parliament . The King however awed them

re into submission , but he himself was compelled to spect the law of succession as established by Robert

the Bruce , and conferred the Earldom of Carrick upon

the eldest son of the Steward . The Earldom of Stra Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 1 9

them had already been conferred on the Steward . Nevertheless there remained a suppressed feud b e S tween the King, who was childless , and the teward , e the heir to the thron . David , having lost his first 1 62 1 68 L o i c wife in 3 , now , in 3 , married Margaret g , d who had already been four times a bri e , and con tri v ed to involve his c o u n try i n every kind of trouble

a c and disgrace . He divorced Margaret Logie , an tion attributed to an intention on her p art to bring in “ ” a warming pan heir . Because of her intrigues the 1 6 S King had , in January 3 9, imprisoned the teward and his notorious son , the Wolf of Badenoch , in Loch

Leven Castle . King David I I died in Edinburgh

2 2 n d F 1 0 . Castle on the ebruary , 37 The three estates were convened a t Linlithgow to choose a king . In 1 1 8 3 , Parliament had , as we have seen , settled the succession on the descendants of th e Princess Mar j ory , daughter of Robert the Bruce , and Walter , the i S S . teward of cotland Now , an opposing cla m was put forward by Earl William of Douglas , but he could S not defeat the claim of Robert tewart , the successor

b v u established the Br ce , and supported by Dunbar , a n d March , Moray Erskine , who held among them S o Edinburgh , tirling and Dumbart n , the three chief n . S stro gholds of the Kingdom Thus , the first tewart t d . King, Rober II , ascen ed the throne The direct male line of the elder branch of the

S th ro n e ~ o fS u n tewarts continued upon the cotland , in broken succession from father to son , down to James

V , who was succeeded by his daughter , Mary , Queen

S . S of cots Her son , James VI of cotland and I o f ’ r England , took descent on his fathe s side through

o the Earl of Lennox , the head of the sec nd branch . Having told the early history of the main line of the S h house of tewart , and of t eir accession to the throne , 20 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly it is not intended in this story of the family to give a mere chronological summary of occurrences con n ected with the reign of each one of their descendants who occup ied the throne , and whose story has been told again and again in national history ; but , rather , to tell of other branches of the Stewarts and the numerous families of the name , which have , at dif feren t periods , diverged from the main stock , and produced many notable figures in the life and history of their times . Before concluding this chapter on the origin of the family , it is interesting to note that at the time of the

' u een Vi cto ri a second Jubilee of the late Q , a chart was prepared by an English clergyman showing the de scent of the Royal family from Judah . It is in the ' o i form a tabular pedigree of one thousand names , which show s the line of ancestry through the house

S to a of tuart , back Robert I I , and traces both the p

th e S ternal and maternal line of first tewart King, F through Kenneth Mac Alpine , to ergus Mor Mac

r a E a c . The line is then carried further back through

F er uha d Te h i q , the son of Angus the Prolific , to Tea p ,

Z H eremo n the daughter of edekiah , who married the S ancestor of the ancient Irish and cottish Kings . F rom Z edekiah the line is traced back through the

o f Kings of Judah to the wise King Solomon , son

David , and thence through nine generations to Judah . “ The author of the chart takes as his texts , I will not ' 8 ' fail David , and the following from the 9th Psalm “ His seed also will I make to endure for ever , and his ” throne as the days of Heaven . I CHAPTER I .

O NS I D E RA TI O N of th e early branches and cadets of the Stewart family n ec es si S tates a return to Walter, the third tew e ard . As mentioned in the p rec ding chap h i Si r S r ter, s third son was Walter tewa t , called Bail loch or the freckled . Having married the younger Si r m s ister of the Countess of Menteith , Walter clai ed fa vo n the Earldom in right of his wife , and by of the 1 2 8 i t — Estates of the realm , in 5 , obtained , and kept it . He had two sons , Alexander , his successor , and ’

i r S . S John tewart of Ruskie Alexander s grandson ,

Alan , Earl of Menteith , was succeeded by a daughter , Si r b e married to John Graham , who in her right

i r came Earl of Menteith . The second son , S John S Si r tewart of Ruskie , who was also known as John de Menteith , appears in history as the betrayer of Will b iam Wallace . The story , much clouded y legend , says that Wallace was in hiding from the English King,

’ ff ' i r n who had o ered rewards for his capture . S Joh s ’ ’ sister s son , who was in Wallace s service , warned ’ his uncle of Wallace s purpose to meet Bruce o n

Si r o s Glasgow Muir , whereupon J hn sent out a py to la observe the house where Wallace y, and surround L umlo ch u ing the cottage of , capt red him in his bed . Whether betrayal is the correct description of Sir ’ John s action is questionable . Treachery on the pa rt of a fellow countryman , and an old comrade in arms , undoubtedly adds romance to the capture of the n a l i r ti o na hero , but as a matter of fact , S John was a t r that time actually in th e se vice of the English King , 21 22 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly a nd held the responsible o fli c e of Governor of D um barton Castle . It is possible he only performed a dis a g reeable duty . S r The fourth teward , Alexander , also had a younge

i r nk l s o n t o . F , known as S John Stewar of B y rom h i s c i s father, he received the B arony of Garli s , and ’ thus described in Ni s b et s Heraldry : Si r John Stew a rt o fB o nk l S y , second son of Alexander , High tew ;a rd of Sco tland born in the year He married

M B o nk l v i r i n e argaret the heiress of y , a g of great l i 1 2 2 a s b ea ut es . w In 9 , he one of the auditors for

Robert the Bruce , and his name appears second in t h e sixteen hundred or more names in the Ragman R S oll , the preceding name being that of James tewart ,

i r h i s elder brother the High Steward . S John fought F with Wallace at the Battle of alkirk , and with him n were the men of Bute , who were know as the Lord ’ B ra nd a n es High Stewa rd s .

Thare Jho n Stwart a - pon fute B ra n d n s With him the a y thare of Bute .

B ra n d a n e s The were almost wholly slain in the Battle , “ Si r n Kn ch t and Joh , the braw and worthy y , as Blind

Harry calls him was also killed . A monument to F “ S his memory at alkirk states , Here lies a cottish h i r S F ero , S John tewart, killed at the Battle of alkirk ,

2 2 1 2 8 . July , 9 He had seven sons , upon each of whom Robert the Bruce bestowed honors and estates , a nd from w hom many noble and ancient families de s cended . Si r S The eldest of the seven sons , Alexander tewart ,

o nk l Si r of B y succeeded , and his son , John , was , in

1 2 u 3 7, created Earl of Ang s , after the forfeiture of

m h ra ville . 1 1 d e U p H e died in December, 33 , leaving

o nl v so n so n an Thomas , Earl of Angus , whose , also Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 23 S w Thomas , the third Earl of Angus of the name of te 1 art , died in 377 without issue , when the title devolved h ma r S . S e up on his sister, Lady Margaret tewart r ried , as her second husband , William , first Ea l of

Douglas , by whom she was the mother of George de b Douglas , granted the Earldom of Angus y King 1 8 Robert I I , in 3 9 . Si r B o nk l ow The second son of John of y , was kn n r hi e as Si r Alan Stewart of Dreghorn in A v s r . With two other brothers he was killed at the Battle of i l 1 i r Halidon H l in 333 . He left a son S Alexander of wh o 1 2 Si r Darnley , died in 37 , whose third son , also

d o fD a rn lev 1 0 Alexan er died in 4 4 , leaving an eldest

Si r S 1 8 son , John tewart of Darnley , knighted in 3 3

a t 1 2 . F and killed Orleans , 4 9 rom him descended the

s . S Earl and Dukes of Lennox Henry tewart , Lord

Darnley, eldest surviving son of Matthew , Earl of S Lennox . and husband of Mary , Queen of cots , was

Si r F the fifth in descent from John of Darnley . rom

Si r S i r William tewart , a younger brother of S John of e of Darnley , are descend d the Earls Galloway and their cadets , among whom are the Stuarts of Castle

i r . S milk William is more fully referred to later , his

D a ls wi nto -n son having married the heiress of .

Si r B o nk l i r The third son of John of y , S Walter S tewart of Dalswinton , received for his services to

Robert the Bruce a grant of the lands of Dalswinton , which had been forfeited by the Comyns . The Barony G a rli es of conferred on his grandfather, Alexander, S A ' fourth High teward , by King lexander I II , for his

att services in defeating Hakon at the B le of Largs , 1 2 6 Si r in 3 , was also granted to Walter . He was Sir S r succeeded by his son , John tewa t of Dalswinto n , wh o was captured by the English at the B attle o f ’ 1 6. Hi s so n Si r r Neville s Cross in 34 Walte , left an 24 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly y S onl child and heiress , Marion tewart of Dalswinton , 1 6 Si r S r who , in 39 , married John tewa t , elder son of

i r Si r William Stewart . This S William figures in dif “ ” “ ” ferent edw o rth Tev itda le records as , de J , de , and “ ” F th e de oresta , and , as already mentioned , was

i r younger son of S Alexander Stewart of Darnley . Si r William is mentioned by F roissart as one of the S 1 88 cottish leaders at Otterburn in 3 , and was killed by Hotspur, when a prisoner , after the Battle of

i n 1 0 2 H o m ld o . , in 4

Si r S D a ld o n The three brothers , John tewart of , fifth

Si r S D a ld o w i e son , Robert tewart of , sixth son , and

S i r S Si r B o nk l Hugh tewart , seventh son of John of y , a ccompanied Edward Bruce on his expedition to Ire

n Si r D a ld o n la d . J ohn of was later killed at the Battle ’ o f m Si r S i r Halidon Hill ; fro Robert s grandson , Alan S 1 Steua rts teuart who died in 444 , spring the of Allan

i r e ton ; S Hugh died unmarri d . The records relating to the descendants of Si r James

S Si r B o nk l tewart , the fourth son of John of y , are of

a particular interest . Robert the Bruce gr nted him a c P eri s to un Wa rw i ckh ill harter of the lands of and , in the district of Cunningham , Ayrshire . He was at the 1 1 Battle of Bannockburn , 3 4 , and was killed at Hali

i n 1 S i r don Hill 333, with his brothers , Alan and

i r S . John Lord Hailes in his Annals points out , that “ S At Halidon two tewarts fought , the one Alan of

Dreghorn , the paternal ancestor of Charles I , and the other , James , his brother , the maternal ancestor of ” Oliver Cromwell . Alan of Dreghorn was , as has been S mentioned , the ancestor of Henry tewart , Lord Darn ’ ley , father of James VI and I , while Cromwell s mother S El was said to be descended from the tewarts of v . Lord Haile s was of opi nion that the latter family came Si r S a P eri sto un from James tew rt of , through the

26 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly o f the person of the young King James I I , might insist on a principal share in the direction of the King , Livingston threw him and his brother William into i prison , and confined the Queen Mother to her pr vate apartments until she signed a deed surrendering the i control of the king . After his release S r James went abroad , where he died , leaving three sons , John , Earl “ ” Si r s S t of Athole ; Jame tewart, called Hear y James , 1 66 created Earl of Buchan , in 4 ; and Andrew , B ishop of Moray . Si r S John tewart , the eldest son of the Black Knight d 1 of Lorn , was create Earl of Athole in 457, and , in 1 60 4 , obtained from his half brother, James II , a

B a lv en o charter of the lordship of y, in p rtion with F Margaret Douglas , known as the air Maid of Gallo

o i . way , daughter the Earl of Douglas His son , and

F . successor, John , was killed at lodden The next Earl , also John , was noted for his great hospitality and

y 1 2 . princel style of living and died in 54 Dorothea , the daughter and heiress of the fifth Earl married Tullib a rdi n e 1 62 6 William Murray , Earl of , who , in , resigned the Earldom of Tu llib a rdi n e in favor of Sir

Patrick Murray , on condition of the revival of the

Earldom of Athole in his wife and her descendants .

The Earldom thus passed to the Murray line .

Hearty James , the second son of the Black Knight , 1 66 i n obtained , in 4 , the title Earl of Buchan , and ,

1 1 47 , on the fall of Lord Boyd , was made High Cham

1 0 0 . b erla i n of Scotland . H e died about 5 His son and grandson both succeeded to the title . John Stew at a art , the eldest son of the l ter , had daughter, Chris tian Stewart , who succeeded to the title , and married a Douglas . Si r S To return to Robert tewart, the eldest son of

Si r John of I nn ermeath and Lorn . On the death of Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 27 his father Si r Robert became Lord of Lorn and Inner a 1 0 h meath , and m rried , about 4 9, Margaret the fourt

t . daughter of Rober , first Duke of Albany His eldest Si r S a nd son and successor , John tewart, Lord of Lorn

I nnermea th , had three daughters , who married , Isobel a to Colin Campbell , first Earl of Argyll ; M rgaret, to

ir G lenurch S Colin Campbell of y ; and Marion , to

Arthur Campbell of Ottar . There is some question as to the order of birth of the three daughters , and of the manner in which the Lordship of Lorn passed to the Argyll family ; but by the marriage of these daughters the Lordship of Lorn became vested in the i . S r Earls of Argyll John also had , by a daughter

A rd v ei tch of Mac Laren of , a son Dugald , the founder of the Clan Appin Stewarts referred to in the next chapter .

Turning next to the younger sons of Robert I I , S the first of the tewart kings , we find that the most notable of such sons by his first wife Elizabeth Mure

F e were Robert , Earl of if and later Duke of Albany, and Alexander the Wolf of Badenoch . S Robert tewart , first Duke of Albany was the third son of Robert I I by his first wife . The name Albany is probably derived from the Pictish word Alban , meaning the superior height , and in early times was the appellation of the whole island . The Scottish “ ” a A l i n n highlanders called themselves G el b . The word however later came to mean th e mountainous district comprising Appin and G lenurchy in Argyll shire , Athole and Breadalbane in Perthshire , and part of Lochaber in Invernessshire . Robert Stewart w a s 1 1 1 born in 339, and in 37 was created Earl of Fife . I 1 8 n 3 9, in consequence of the advanced age of his father, the King, and the bodily infirmity of his

' o a c erwa elder br ther , the E rl of Carri k, a ft rds Ro bert 28 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

III , who had been rendered lame in early youth F wa s through the kick of a horse , Robert , Earl of ife , 1 0 app ointed Governor of the Kingdom . In April , 39 ,

his father Robert II died , and his elder brother John , succeeded to the throne under the name of Robert

II I , that of John being considered unfortunate . The , new king allowed the management of the kingdom F to remain in the hands of the Earl of ife , but the ’ king s son , Prince David , now Earl of Carrick and heir apparent, comp elled his retirement , and got himself named Regent . Up to this time the title of Duke had S not been in use in cotland , but at a meeting between F the Earl of ife and Prince David , Earl of Carrick , with the English John of Gaunt , Duke of Lancaster , the English nobleman claimed certain precedence from his superior title . This was not relished by the Prince and his uncle , and the first introduction of the ducal S title into cotland was the consequence , the Earl of

Carrick being created Duke of Rothesay , and the Earl of F ife becoming Duke of Albany . The Duke of

Rothesay was of wild and dissipated habits , his levity ff 1 0 2 of conduct giving much o ense . and in 4 occurred his tragic death , the guilt for which is generally attached to Albany . The historian , Boece , after tell ’ ing of the death of the Prince s mother, the Queen , “ proceeds, Be quh a i s d eith succedit gret di s p les ir to hir son , David Duk of Rothesay ; for during hir life

v i rtew s o ccu a tio un efti r he was haldin in and honest p , ” d eith hir he began to rage in all maner of insolence .

Boece tells how the King sent letters to his brother, i ntertene the Duke of Albany , to his said son the Duk of Rothesay and to leir him honest and civil mauers . According to tradition , Albany seems to have “ ” b w leired him manners y the follo ing method . “ The Duk of Albany tuk the D uk of Rothesay and Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 29

’ brocht him to F alkland and i n clus it him in the tour ”

o . th a i ro fwithout ony meit r drink In fact , starved ’ him to death . After Rothesay s death Albany was o given full sway by the feeble king , but r used to a s n usp icion of his ambitious desig s , as next heir to the ’ crown if the king s children should be displaced , the king sent his only surviving son , James , then in his

F . eleventh year , to rance for safety On the passage the ship was captured by the English , and the Prince r imprisoned in the Tower o fLondon . Robe t I II died of a broken heart, and Albany was confirmed mby Par li a men t . t , in the Regency He continued to ad inis er

ff th e ki n d o m the a airs of l g until his death , which took S rd 1 2 0 place at tirling Castle on the 3 S eptember , 4 ,

- at the age of eighty one . S His son , Murdoch tewart , second Duke of Albany , was known during his father ’ s lifetime as the Earl

a o mildo o fF ife . Taken prisoner at the B ttle of H n 1 0 2 in 4 , he was exchanged for Henry Percy , Duke of

Northumberland , and on the death of his father , in 1 2 0 4 , in the absence of James I , succeeded as Governor . ’ th Upon King James return and coronation at Scone , e Duke p erformed the ceremony of installing him on

. F the throne H e claimed this privilege as Earl of ife , ff successor of Macdu the conqueror of Macbeth . After

James I was in power, considering the Albany faction 1 2 a cause of danger , he , in 4 5, ordered the arrest of

the Duke , and of his younger son Alexander . The

eldest son of Albany , Walter , had already been im

prisoned on the Bass Rock . There is no record of

hi s any charge against Albany and sons , but Walter S the eldest son was executed before tirling Castle , 2 th 1 2 A on 4 May , 4 5, and the next day lbany himself, a his son Alex nder , and the aged Earl of Lennox a shared similar fate on the Heading Hill . Th e 30 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

a youngest son , James , esc ped to the Highlands and

collected a band of followers , sacked Dumbarton , and ’ a i r S killed , mong others , the king s uncle S John tewart

of Dundonald , known as the Red Stewart . He then escaped to Ireland , where he married one of the Mac

Donalds , their son , James , being the ancestor of the

A rd v i rli h Stewarts of o c . The king took vengeance on ’ those of James followers captured in Scotland , caus ing them , when alive , to be torn limb from limb by horses . The Wolf of Badenoch is the name by which the fourth son of Robert I I is best known in history .

a S Alex nder tewart , Earl of Buchan , was nearly seven feet in height , of enormous strength , and his atrocities and almost regal hospitalities give a fascination to an

. 1 0 historic figure The outrage which , in 39 , gained for the Wolf everlasting infamy , was the raid on y F . orres and Elgin He had no children b his wife ,

Ma ri o ta and had left her, to live with another, , a

r . daughte of Athyn By her he had several sons , and his Countess appealed to the Bishops of Moray and

Ross for redress . In revenge the Wolf seized upon some lands belonging to the Bishop of Moray , who

- . w excommunicated him The Wolf, no thoroughly F exasperated , sent round the iery Cross and gather “ W n to un ing his fierce followers , called by y , Wyld , ” w kk d H i ela n dmen F y y , he swooped down on orres , i u wh ch he b rned , with the Church and the Arch ’ deacon s house . He then proceeded to Elgin , where he arrived on the feast of the Blessed Abbot Botolph ,

1 0 . in June , 39 He burned the Cathedral city , the

n parish Church , the Maiso Dieu , and eighteen of the “ houses of the Canons , and what is most grievously

n to be lame ted , the noble and highly adorned Church y of Mora , the delight of the country and ornament of the kingdom , with all the books , charters and goods Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 31

of the country p laced therein . The story is , that the indemnification obtained by the S ee was that the Wolf stood for three days barefooted at the great gate of Elgin Cathedral . This must , however, have been later , for so autocratic and savage was the

Wolf, during the greater part of his life , that he governed a practically independent little kingdom . But , if tradition can be relied on , in spite of the record of his life , he died in the very richest odour of sanctity in the

1 . year 394 , and was buried in Dunkeld Cathedral He Ma ri o ta had five natural sons by , the daughter of Athyn ; Alexander ; Si r Andrew of S a n dh a u c h Walter ;

e James ; and Duncan . Th Earldom of Buchan fell i n into the hands of the Crown , and was conferred ,

1 0 6 S . 4 , on his cousin John tewart

The n a eldest natural son , Alexa der Stewart , had more brilliant career as a p o litical and military free h lance than even the Wolf, and as commander on t e H a rla w 1 1 1 d s bloody field of , in 4 , staye the victoriou and ravag ing progress of Donald , Lord of the Isles , f . d o and his Highland host D onal the Isles , to m maintain his claim to the Earldo of Ross , with “ F Hi ela nmen H a rl a w ifty thousand , A marching to , invaded the country south of the mountains , with the

a H a rla intention of s cking Aberdeen , and was met at w S by Alexander tewart , then Earl of Mar, at the head “ ” i ela n men of the Lowlanders . The H lost more than d nine hun red men , and the Lowlanders five hundred ; but neither side could claim actual superiority in the battle . As the old ballad has it ,

’ Mo n a n d mo rni n On y at ,

The battle it began , ’ On Saturday at g lo a mi n ’

Ye d scarce tell wha had wan . ’ And sic a weary b uryi n 32 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly The like ye never saw As there was the S unday after that r On the muirs down by H a la w .

’ Donald s purpose was however frustrated , and the victory claimed by the Earl of Mar has been declared by the historian Burton to have done more for the civilization of Scotland than even the victory of ’ Bannockburn . Regarding Alexander Stewart s mar

ri a e th e g to Countess of Mar , the story is told that

Kildrummi e he stormed her Castle of , wed her by

o ff violence or persuasion , and carried the Earldom

from the lawful heirs . But the story goes on to

tell , that in order to palliate his conduct he later pre

Kildrummi e sented himself at the Castle gate of , and surrendered to the Countess the castle and a ll k therein , in testimony of which he delivered the eys i nto her hand . The Countess , holding the keys in

her hand , then chose Alexander for her husband , and on free marriage gave him her castle and the Earl

u . F dom of Mar . The Co ntess died without issue rom 1 1 1 S w r 4 until his death , Alexander te a t , Earl of

S . Mar, was one of the foremost men in cotland Bril ’ liant and versatile he became o ne of Scotland s great est captains , statesmen and patriots . Upon his death , 1 in 435, the title and estates reverted to the Crown . The ancient title of Earl of Athole was conferred on S Walter tewart , the second son of Robert II , by his second wife Euphemia Ross . He was engaged in Sir the conspiracy of his kinsman , Robert Graham , w h i against James I , one of the objects of chl was the placing of the crown on the head of Si r Robert Stew ’ art , the Earl s grandson , who was Chamberlain to the k king . James I went from Edinburgh to Perth to eep 1 6 F Christmas , 43 , with the Black riars at Perth . On his way thither , at the Water of Leith , he was met

34 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

en headed , being first set upon the pillory , his head a circled with red hot crown on which was inscribed , “ ” The King of Traitors ; while the flesh of Si r Robert

Stewart was torn from his body with pincers . S a h d The fourth tew rt King, James I I , a three S younger sons, Alexander tewart , Duke of Albany , whose son and successor died in France without law S ful issue ; David tewart, Earl of Moray , who died S young ; and John tewart, Earl of Mar, who was murdered in Craigmillar Castle .

The two younger sons of James II I were , James

S S t A n tewart , Duke of Ross and Archbishop of . 2 8 drews , who died at the early age of , and John

Stewart , Earl of Mar . I II CHAPTER .

WI NG to the fact that the Chief or head of the Stewarts was also the occupant of

the Throne , the relationship between the various branches or members of the family and the head of the house somewhat differed from the

s C u ual ties connecting the clansmen with their hieftain .

The distinctive quality of the clan was , in a consider b o a le degree , lost in a m re general national sentiment .

e The family , however, had their distinguishing badg i and tartan . The badge of the orig nal Stewarts w a s re the darag, or oak , the superstitious Highlanders fo seeing ill fortune from the choice of an emblem not an

lu ra n . c a evergreen The , or thistle , became the badge S of the Royal tuarts and the national emblem .

' S Hail Emblem proud to cotland long endeared , ’ th rea t n in Begirt with g points which never failed . ’ When England s sons her thorn - couched spears upreared ’ Thou s h o o k s t thy bearded head and still pre ” vailed .

The u s ual family tartan is the well known red - colored a S pattern commonly known as the Roy l tuart Tartan . ff The e ect of a large body of men crossing a hill , S clothed in the red tuart tartan , contrasting with the “ dark colored heath , has been described as if the hill were on fire . F our other tartans belonging to the t family are known as , The Dress Tar an , containing

“ more white than red ; The Old Tartan ; The Hunting B Tartan ; and the onnie Prince Charlie Tartan . S The tewarts of App in , the Clan Appin , together 35 36 Hi s to r y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

with the Athole branches of the family , were con

s id ered in the Highlands as forming the Clan Stewart . The district of Appin forms the north - west corner of

Rua h Argyllshire , a small rivulet , called Con g or red S bog , dividing the lands of the tewarts of Appin from w the Campbells . The Ste art Chief of the Clan Appin

ti ubha rt wa s known as Mac Iai n S nan Appin , and the ’ “ ” Ettrick S hepherd s ballad , The S tewarts of Appin ,

ru ns thus ,

t I sing of a land hat was famous of yore ,

The land of green Appin , the ward of the flood , Where every grey cairn that broods over the

shore , o Marks graves of the r yal , the valiant , or good . The land where the strains of grey Ossian were

framed . S F The land of fair elma , and reign of ingal ,

And late of a race , that with tears must be named , ” The noble Clan Stewart, the bravest of all . The first of the Chiefs of Appin was Dugald Stewart,

i r S who , as already told , was the son of S John tewart,

I n n ermea th Lord of Lorn and , by a daughter of Mac

A rdv ei ch Laren of .

1 1 Si r In 45 , John executed a deed granting to John

Ma cD o u a l Ma cDo u a l g of Lorn and his son John Keir g , certain lands , including the Castle of Dunolly and the guardianship and p upilage of his heirs . John Mac ’ Si r Dougal , was John s nearest relative of the family of Mac Dougal , as well as chief of the clan , and it is possible that the Lord of Lorn desired by his gener o sitv r to his kinsman , and the t ust he reposed in him ,

Ma c Do u a l to secure his support and that of the clan g , for his youthful son , Dugald , then about six years old , whom he intended to make his heir . We have seen ’ M L a r that Dugald s mother was of the clan a c en . Si r S w n ff John te art had bee at the tryst at Crie , it being Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 37

e customary for the chiefs to attend these trysts , wher a rra n ed many affairs of business and politics were g J G len filla n and , on his return , he met in with a wedding

rd ei ch e party from A v . H e joined the party and becam

enamoured of the daughter of the house . Dugald , their 1 son , was born in 445, and records say that he resided

A rd v ei ch 1 6 a at until 4 3, when his father sent him message dir ecting him to come to D un sta fl n a g e Castle with his mother . They set out as bridal party , with

L r pipes and banners . The Ma c a en tradition records that as Dugald was on the way to Dun s ta fi na g’e with his mother and the bridal party, he was met by an aged Highland woman , who had the gift of second him “ sight , and who asked , Whither are you bound “ to da v for to which Dugald replied , I am going to

» receive some j ustice . To this the aged dame a n s w ered , I have had a dream that, as you have been for eighteen years known as Dugald , the illegitimate

A rdv ei ch of , so will you for twenty eight years be S known as the head of the tewarts of Lorn . It was ’ 1 6 in 4 9 that Dugald s uncle Walter , made over to the

Earl of Argyll his alleged claim to Lorn , and Dugald, d 1 till his eath in 497, was the acknowledged head of

S - the tewarts of Lorn , a period of twenty eight years. Shortly before the time Dugald and his mother s et

Du n s ta ffn a e Ma c D o u a l ille iti out for g , Alan g , an g Ma c D o u a l mate son of g , had j oined a conspiracy in

s Ma cD o u a l oppo ition to his brother , John Keir g , chief of the clan , and who had remained loyal to the crown . It became well known that Si r John Stew art o f Lorn had sent for the daughter of M a c L a ren

A rdv ei ch of in order that their marriage might l egiti mate their son . The possession of Lorn by a just Si r and powerful noble like John , and the probability th e of his being succeeded by youthful Dugald , ba cked 38 His tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly b ’ y his mother s clan , was no doubt a great obstacle to the plans of Alan Ma c D o ug a l and his confederates ; a nd according to the traditions of the Ma c L a ren fam

i r D un s ta ffn a e ily , Alan stabbed S John in g Castle s hortly before the arrival of the bridal party . The S tradition of the tewarts is , that the murder was committed when Si r John was actually on his way

th e w w a s n from the Castle to Chapel , hich close at ha d , where the marriage was to be performed . The mur

d erers . fled , and Dugald would have p ursued , but the prie s t pointed out that no time was to be lost in

Si r having the marriage completed , as John was mor tally wounded . The rite was accordingly performed , the priest assisting the dying Si r Joh n to place the ’ Ma c D o u a l ring on the bride s finger . Alan g got pos

s o fD un s ta fi na e ses ion g Castle , whether in the con fusion consequent on the murder, or after the battle

- - D u a ld a t L ea c a do th a . with g , is not known Dugald ’

S t 1 6 . tewar s succession , in 4 3 was not a peaceable one He hastened to Strathearn and B a lquidd er to raise ’ Ma c L a ren s the , and having been joined by his father s

o L ea c retainers and followers fr m Lorn , marched to -d th a o a . A , at the head of Loch Awe battle ensued in which Dugald was defeated after a fierce and bloody

fight . Dugald retreated with his followers into Up per

o . S L rn , or Appin Many of the tewarts then made

I n v eich the exodus known as the mor , or great

flitting , from the southern part of Lorn to Upper

Lorn or Appin , following the fortunes of Dugald , as b . v D chief of the clan Reinforced these clansmen , u ’ a ld v g a eng ed his father s death at a battle , called the

’ S e Ma c Do u a l battle of tal , in which Alan g , his father s murderer was killed .

A o c mpromise was now entered into , by which ’ t i I nn e Dugald s uncle , Walter , re a ned rmea th ; Lorn Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 39

r wh o G lenurch was retained by A gyll , gave y his

share ; and Dugald was established in App in . Though Dugald Stewart by this enforced compromise gave

up the Lordship of Lorn , his descendants were recog n i z ed as representing the noble house of Stewart of D u Lorn , and continued to bear the arms of Lorn .

a ld g held his lands of Appin without molestation , 1 1 8 h i th e and in 497, or 49 , led s followers to aid of ' the Ma c L a ren s against the Ma c D o n a lds of Kepp och .

In the battle which ensued Dugald was killed . He

M a c D o u a l had married a daughter of g of Nether Lorn , a marriage probably arra n ged to st0 p the blood feud between the two families , and had three sons . The eldest , Duncan his successor, never married , and was succeeded by the second son , Alan , who with five sons accompanied King James IV to the disastrous d field of F lodden . Alan die at an advanced age about 1 62 the year 5 . He had married a daughter of Cam eron of Lochiel , and had five sons , Duncan the fourth of Appin John , of whom the first Stewarts of Strath

A ch n n garry ; Dugald , of whom the Stewarts of a c o e ;

F a s n a clo i ch James , of whom ; and Alexander , of whom

I n rn a h le v e y . Duncan married Janet Gordon ; and had one son , John , called from his complexion and his

G o rd o n i ch — maternal descent , baan , the fair Gordon .

He married , first , Katherine , daughter of John Camp

L o ch n ell bell (Gorm) , first of , by whom he had one n son , Dunca his successor ; and secondly , a daughter

Ma cD o u a l Mu id a rt of g of who bore him a son John ,

r h l afterwards of A d s ea . Duncan succeeded his father

1 . in 595 He was succeeded by his son , also Duncan , who was followed by his son , again Duncan , who took the field at the head of the Clan Stewart to j oin the

I n v erlo ch Marquess of Montrose at the Battle of y, 1 6 r 45, where the Clan behaved with great valo , i n 40 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

S pired , as Hogg says , by their loyalty to the head of

th e S House of tewart , and by their desire to avenge

th e many injuries they had sustained from Argyll ,

“ w h o was utterl y defeated with the loss of fifteen hun d red men .

The Marching S ong. of the Clan Stewart is said to h a v e been first used when the Clan was marching to

I nv erlo ch y , and has been translated as follows

W ’ The heath clad Ben e ll soon ascend , ’ L a o i h Through Glen g we ll soon descend , ’ Our points of steel we ll swiftly send , ’ Thro every loon that bars us . u We will p and march away ,

We will up and march away ,

We will up and march away ,

Daring let of all men .

’ ’ O er the hills we ll speed along ,

Through Glencoe unwearied on ,

Our King the burden of our song,

Asking leave of no man . To Glengarry and Lochiel

Ever with us , true and leal ; K eppoch , too , who seeks our weal ,

Is there in spite of all men .

M a c P h ers o n s come , in deeds not small , Ma cKen z i es also at our call ,

Whose battle frenzy will appal ,

And fill our foes with awe then .

M a c G re o rs g , fierce when man to man , Join with the Royal Stewart clan ; e y Blow up the pip s , march proudl on ,

Daring let of all men .

We will up and march away , l We wi l up and march away , We will up and march away , ” D 1 9 of men aring 5 all .

42 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly .

es quess of Montrose . A story connected with Charl

S A rd s h ea l tewart , the fifth of , describes him as a man of great personal strength and a fine swordsman . In

Ro v B a l uidd er an encounter with Rob in q , he wounded the celebrated freebooter , who thereupon threw his s r n L o ch v o il wo d i to , declaring that it was the first

m e A rd s h ea l ti e it had fail d him , and that was the

m n . 1 first a who had drawn blood from him In 745, Stewart of A rd s h ea l led the Clan Appin when they went out with Bonnie Prince Charlie . The Stewarts F of Clan Appin fought at Prestonpans , Clifton , alkirk and Culloden , and many gave their lives for the

v ff Stuart Prince . Chambers sa s that the Clan su ered l at Cul oden more than any of the Highland Clans . The A r d sh ea l family alone lost eight killed and three wounded at this Battle . After the fight , Charles

S A rd s h ea l tewart of succeeded in reaching Appin , ’ A rd s h ea l s where he lay concealed in a cave , still called

e w Cav , being supplied ith food by a little girl who

y dail drove out a few lambs on the hill , and watched h er opportunity to communicate with her Chief . H e n t e F n w h 1 e . eve ually scaped to ra ce , here died in 757

e a n Al x der , his son succeeded him , but died without

s e y is ue , b ing followed b his brother Duncan , who fought for the Crown in the American War of Inde

en d en ce th e p , and obtained restoration of his paternal F m estate . ro him the succeeding heads of the family de s cen ded . The Stewarts of S tr a thg a rry descended from John

S a t S i tew r , second son of Alan tewart , third of App n . John re c eived from his father the lands of Strath

a y A a g rr , in thole , after the return of Al n and his F 1 1 fiv e . sons from lodden , in 5 3 Stewart of Strath

th e c en tu r v garry , about end of the sixteenth , took possession of lands at Rannoch which had been held Hi s to ry ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 43

Ma c D o na ld Ma cD o n a ld by a , and a party of the Clan r ra th a rr surp ised St g y, whom they slew for dispossess S ing their kinsman . At a meeting of the tewarts of

B a l u idd er Appin , Athole and q , at the Bridge of Kelt

v . ney , they agreed to a enge his death His widow a lso procured letters of fire and sword against the

D n l S Ma c o a d s which she obtained by going to tirling , and showing her husband ’ s bloody shirt to the Privy

M a c D o n a ld s Council . The were surrounded by the

S a n d tewarts , a number killed , among whom were the Laird of Glencoe and his brother . Their heads ’ w ere cut o fi as proof to the Privy Council that their o rders had been duly carried out . The messenger who carried the heads to Stirling p l aced them in a barrel , which he occasionally shook , and as the heads “ ’ knocked against each other, cried in Gaelic , Can t ’ yo u agree ' In the eighteenth century the Strath garry lands were sold to a cadet of the I nv ern a hyle

fa mi lv branch of the .

A ch n a c o n e means the field of dogs , and was an e D u old hunting s at of the ancient Lords of Lorn .

a ld S A ch n a co n e g tewart , first of , was third son of

S . Alan tewart , third of Appin The lands were given F to Dugald by his father , soon after lodden . The F a sn a clo i ch branch of the family also descended S from a son of Alan tewart , third of Appin . James

S s o n r e d th e . F a tewart , his fourth , ceive lands of s n a clo i c h fro m his father after their return from F lo d

F a s n a c lo i c h den . is situated at the foot of Glen

C rera n , and the name signifies a field of stones or S crags . Alexander tewart , third son of John , the sixth F a s na c lo ich 1 68 of , was present at Killiecrankie , 9, iffmui 1 1 Sh er r . also at in 7 5 He was too old , seventy 1 three , to j oin Prince Charles Edward in 745 but took an active part in raising the Clan Appin . Charles 44 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

S tewart , only son of Alexander , was attached to the

person of the Prince as Purse Bearer , and was at

P re s to n ia n s F S p , alkirk and Culloden . James tewart ,

F a s n a clo i ch eighth of , was also present with the

Clan Appin at Culloden , where two of the family were killed and four wounded .

I n v ern a h le S The first of y , Alexander tewart , called

Ti o ch a il , or the Peaceful , was the fifth and youngest son of Alan , third of Appin , and received from his

I n v ern a h le father the lands of y , so called from their t situation at the mouth of the Hyle , on the re urn F . S from lodden It is told that Alexander tewart , early one summer morning, went to an island called ’ a - n - Sta l ca i r n o t Eile n , and apprehending any danger laid his Lochaber axe by his side . A deadly feud then existed between his family and the Campbells of

D un s ta ffn a e U a in e g , and this very morning Cailean ,

D un s ta ffn a e Green Colin , brother to Campbell of g , landed o n the island with a party of men . Cailean

a i n e I n v ern a h le U came suddenly upon y , and seized “ hold of the axe , exclaiming , This is a good axe , if it had a good handle to it . Alexander Stewart “ '” immediately replied , Has it not that laying his hand on it . During the struggle which followed , ’ Alexa nder was murdered by Colin s men . His son Donald was hidden by his nurse from his father’ s murderers , and brought up by her and her husband ,

a Ma c D o n a ld the smith or rmorer of the Clan . Don

a s ald , he grew up , was noted for his great strength ,

D o n uill- — and became known as nan ord , or Donald of the Hammers . It is said , he could take in each

re hand one of the large hammers , each of which quired the full strength of an ordinary man , and ff wield both at the same time without e ort . H e could al s o dive in the river and bring up a salmon Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 45

‘ D un s ta fi n a e with his hands . He attacked g , and after several fights Cailean U a i n e and seven Campbells were killed . This caused another feud between the

Campbells and the young Chief Donald , who con ti nued to make further attacks on the Clan Campbell .

S Donald of the mithy, the son of the Hammer Filled the banks of L o ch a w e with mourning and ” clamour .

S As the Chief of App in , Alan tewart , was a very old man , and his eldest son , Duncan , dead , the Clan

Appin was led by Donald at the Battle of Pinkie , 1 in 547. On their homeward march passing through

Menteith , the Clan found a wedding feast prepared ’ enteith s in one of the houses of the Earl of M tenants . y Being hungr , the Clan disposed of the feast , and b ' were pursued y the Grahams , one of whom taunted S the tewarts .

S Yellow haired tewarts , of smartest deeds ,

Who could grab at the kale in your sorest needs . S One of the tewarts shot the rhymer with an arrow , replying, If smartness of deeds is ours by descent Then I draw— and to pi erce you this arrow is

sent .

A fight naturally followed in which the Earl of Men teith e and many of his men were kill d . The family I n v erna h le 1 1 1 of y was out both in 7 5 and 745, and in the Battle of Culloden had four killed and twelve wounded . The Stewarts of Athole consist almost entirely -o i five the descendants by his illegitimate sons , of Si r S Alexander tewart , Earl of Buchan , The Wolf of I Badenoch , fourth son of Robert I by his first wife . 46 Hi s to r y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

O n e n of his natural sons , Duncan , whose dispositio

’ was as ferocious as his father s , at the head of a large number of the clan , armed with sword and targe , c a me down from the range of hills which divides the F counties of Aberdeen and orfar , and began to devas

i r tate the country and murder the inhabitants . S

S f Si r Walter Ogilvy , heri f of Angus , Patrick Gray and Si r David Lindsay of G len es k collected a force to repel them , and a desperate conflict took place near the water of Isla , in which the Stewarts were over powered , and the greater part of them slain . ’ n B a den o ch s A other of the Wolf of natural sons , S James tewart , was the ancestor of the family of

Garth , from which proceed almost all the other Athole

S . tewarts According to tradition , a battle is said to ’ M I v ers have been fought in Glenlyon , between the , who claimed it as their territory , and Stewart of F ” Garth , commonly called The ierce Wolf, which ’ M I v ers terminated in the utter defeat of the , and their expulsion from the district . The possessions of the Athole Stewarts lay mainly on the north side of

Loch Tay . S A rd v o i rli ch s h The tewarts of , Perth ire , descended S from James tewart , called James the Gross , fourth and only surviving son of Murdoch , Duke of Albany ,

Regent of Scotland . The third son of James the

s of Gro s , also James , was the immediate ancestor the

rd i rli h . A v o c branch A descendant , another James n Stewart , rendered himself otorious by the assassina Kil on t tion of his friend , Lord p , son of the Earl of Kil o nt Airth and Menteith . Lord p , had j oined the 1 6 M arquess of Montrose in 44 . It is said , James Stewart wishing to ingratiate himself with the Coven a n ters had formed a plan to slay Montrose , but wished Kil o nt the assistance of Lord p , who indignantly re Hi s to ry ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 47

ected Kil o n t j the proposal . Stewart alarmed lest p might report the matter , drew his dirk and killed ’ him . This took place in Montrose s camp , near Collace , a nd and Stewart fled j oined Argyll , then in arms

A rd v o i rli ch against Montrose . Preserved at for cen turi es W , a lump of pure hite rock crystal bound with four bands of silver and known by the name of the

A rd v o i rli ch S Clach Dearg of , or Red tone of Ard v o i rli ch , from its red tinge on being held to the light , was long considered to have magical properties , and a sure cure for ca ttle if they were given to drink l the water in w hi ch th e Clach Dearg had been dipped . r S The ancesto of the tewarts of Grandtully , Perth S o fP eri sto un shire , was James tewart and Warwick Si r S B o nk l hill , fourth son of John tewart of y , second . son of Alexander , the fourth Lord High Steward of

Scotland . S U rra rd John tewart , the first of , was a son of S F Robert tewart of incastle , lineally descended from S John tewart , one of the progenitors of the Athole S tewarts , and fourth natural son of the Wolf of

Badenoch , son of King Robert II .

C o ltn es s Si r s S The first Baronet of was Jame , tew S art , second son of James tewart of Allanton . The Si r S third Baronet , James Denham teuart , having been introduced to Prince Charles Edward at Rome ,

med 1 j o the Prince on his arrival in Edinburgh in 745. Th e Prince di s pla tch ed him on a mission to the F rench

Court , where he was at the time of the Battle of

Culloden . Being excepted in the Act of Indemnity ,

he resided abroad for eighteen years , returning to 1 6 Scotland in 7 3 . S ff The tewarts of Drumin , Ban shire , and later of

Belladrum , Invernessshire , trace their descent from

i r S Robert I I . S Walter tewart of Strathaven was a 48 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mily

th natural son of Alexander , the Wolf of Badenoch , 4

son of the King , and was knighted at the Battle

a r l i 1 1 1 i r S o h H a w n . S of 4 His son , Walter tewart , h 1 f t e 1 . ained lands of Drumin , in 47 The Stewarts of Binny descended from Si r Robert

To rb o lto n rui ck s to n Stewart of and C , second son of

S . Walter , the third Steward of cotland They were

To rb a n e H a lri previously designated of and Raiss , g h and S a w o o d . P h s ill G len turk The Stewarts of y g and , Wigtown S Si r shire , descend from John tewart , second son of

rli e Alexander Stewart of G a s .

S S - S The family of tewart , now haw tewart , of Black r hall and Greenock , Renf ewshire , took descent from

i r S S John tewart , one of the natural sons of Robert

F S i r I I I . rom his father , the King , John received

A rd o w a n b charters of the lands of g , Black all and

i n Si r a S b A u ch n o u . g Archib ld tewart of Black all , Si r the seventh in descent from John , was created a 1 Baronet in 667. The Stewarts of Glen Ogle are descendants of

To n d er hi e Appin ; the family of g , Wigtownshire , is a branch of the noble house of Galloway ; and the old

B a ldo n a n G a rtn a fua ro e families of , Annat , , and the original Stewarts of G lenb ucki e all descended from

James Stewart , son of Murdoch , second Duke of

Albany . The B a l quidder Stewarts derived their origin from illegitimate branches of the Albany family . The Ste wa rts of Ballintoy took descent from S o fL a r a a n 1 Archibald tewart g y , who , in 544 , was an influential leader in the rebellion which Ma tth ewl

Stewart , Earl of Lennox organized in opposition to the Regency of Arran , during the reign of Mary,

Queen of Scots . On the failure of that movement he

50 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly

The family name is now S eton - Steuart as told in a later chapter relating to the present heads of the various families . The ancestor of the branch of Steuart of B a llech i n

S i r S S G len ua i ch was John teuart of ticks , in q , Perth shire , the natural son of King James I I of S cotland .

H e received a charter of lands from King James I II , 1 1 th 1 86 dated December , 4 , and a charter from James

d 1 s t 1 . IV , ated August , 494 His successor , William

S e teuart , died soon after his father , wh n the suces v S sion devol ed upon his brother , John teuart , who , 1 6 u in 55 , acq ired the various lands comprising the

B ll hi n barony of a ec . The family of Steuart of Ta n a chi e take descent S Ta n a chi e Si r from Andrew teuart , the first of son of

W S eu S i r S alter t art , legitimated son of Andrew tew art o fStrathaven ; while the A u ch lun k a rt estates came through Patrick Steuart who married his cousin Eliza

S A uchlu nk a rt beth , daughter of Alexander tewart of , an estate which came into the family by marriage

A uchlu nk a rt with the heiress of Innes of .

S D a l ui s e The family of teuart of g , Perthshire de scended from Si r John Stewart of A r n tu lli e and Card

D o w a lli e , neys , also designed of , youngest natural son

a rd n e v ( of King Robert I I , by Marion de C laughter

C a rdn e of John de y of that ilk , and sister of Robert Si r C a rd n e . S y, Bishop of Dunkeld John tewart was knighted at the coronation of King James I at Scone , 1 2 S in 4 4 . His descendant , John teuart , seventh laird

D a l u i s 1 1 of g e was out in the rising of 7 5.

S I n chb reck L a ith ers The tuarts of and , Aberdeen S shire , are descended from Andrew tewart of Laur en ceki rk - in the Mearns , great grandson of Murdoch ,

Duke of Albany , the grandson of Robert II . David

Stewart the son of Andrew , was the first of Inch Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 51

“ 1 t breck , in 547. He had a son , John , whose grea

S I n c hb reck grandson , William tuart of , married Mar garet the heiress both of David Guthrie of Kair and lk erto n . of Henry Guthrie of H a They had two sons ,

S I n chb reck John tuart , who succeeded to , and James 1 Stuart who j oined Prince Charles Edward in 745, F and after the Battle of Culloden took refuge in rance , F Where he entered the rench service . S S Archibald tuart , fourth son of the third tuart Earl of Moray was the founder of the family of Stuart F of Dunearn , ife . — The family of Stirling Stuart of C a stlemi lk are de lemi lk i r scended from the ancient branch of C a s t . S

S C a s tlemilk e John tuart , the fifth Baronet of , di d

e without male issu . His daughter, Jean Stuart mar 1 8 1 S ried in 7 , William tirling of Keir , from whom the

- family of Stirling Stuart descended . The noble house of Lennox descended from Sir

S w h o John tewart of Darnley , was created Lord 1 t Darnley by James II , in 44 5, and ob ained the Earl

1 8 1 . dom of Lennox from James I II , about 4

The Galloway branch is descended from Si r John S tewart , younger son of Alexander , fourth Lord High S S a n teward of cotland , whose elder son , James , was c es to r of the Royal House The direct ancestor of the

‘ Si r S branch was William tewart , who was made a

1 8 - i . r Knight Banneret about 3 5 His great grandson , S

S w as G a rli es Alexander tewart , designated of , which continued to be the chief title of the family , until a

Si r S 1 62 later Alexander tewart was , in 3, created

Earl of Galloway .

’ Sli o chd i c s e lt Aileen Rob , the p of the Clan Stew

co mmo n l v Ma cRo b s art called the , descended from a S natural son of Robert tewart, son of Dugald , first 52 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

’ f s O Appin . This son s name was Alan , and the land

Ma cRo b s G len duro r O ccupied by the were situated at ,

D uro r Lettermore and Acharn , in . Towards the end o fthe eighteenth century many of the Ma c Ro b s emi grated to America . CHAPTER IV .

‘ LTH O U G H it is not intended to relate i n et detail that which is national history, y a brief resume of the dynasty of th e Stew art o r Stuart Kings may rightly hold a

a n place in this story o fthe family . And y such story would indeed b eincomplete without some account of tw o s o f of the most romantic , yet unfortunate , figure u to the august family , so generally and justly all ded S l as the unfortunate Royal House of tuart , name y , S Mary , Queen of cots and Prince Charles Edward ,

B onnie Prince Charlie . Of the sovereigns of the Dynasty who occupied the es throne , few died a natural death , and fewer still caped some form of disaster . S e Robert I I , the first t wart King of Scotland , 1 1 1 0 reigned from 37 until 39 and died a natural death .

Robert III , his son , was orig inally named John , but as the S cottish people were not p artial to this name for their King, he changed his name to Robert . He

1 0 6 th e died , in 4 , of a broken heart, caused by murder of his elder son , the Duke of Rothesay , and the cap ture by the English and imprisonment of his younger son afterwards James I .

James I passed many years of his life in captivity , and , as told in the previous memoir of the Duke of 1 Albany , was murdered in 437,

James II was only six years old when his father was murdered . The wars with the D o ug la s s es were a feature of his reign , and he was killed by the burst 1 6 ing of a cannon in 4 0 . 53 54 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

James III , a child of eight years old , succeeded his f ather . He caused the murder of his brother, the Earl f 1 88 o Mar, and was himself murdered in 4 .

' a mes I V J married Margaret Tudor , daughter of

H enry VII I of England . With this reign the modern S history of cotland begins . The Universities of Aber deen and St. Andrews were founded . He invaded England and was killed at the Battle of Flo dd en in i r s 3 . James V ascended the throne in succession to his a father when child of not two years old . The Queen

Dowager Margaret assumed the Regency . Henry i n VIII invaded Scotland . The reformation began the Scotland , the King and clergy, opposing, and no m bles favoring the move ent . James , a king of many o g od qualities and talent, died of a broken heart c hi aused by the conduct of his nobles , and rout of s S 1 2 a rmy , at olway Moss , 54 .

S . Mary , Queen of cots , his daughter succeeded Her well known fate is mentioned later in this chapter, s a also the murder of her husband , Darnley . S James VI of cotland and I of England , son of M ary and Darnley, and by whom came the union f S (i the crowns of cotland and England , died a natural 1 2 death in 6 5.

Charles I , his son , fought for his crown , from which h e 1 6 was excluded after the defeat at Naseby in 45, n 1 6 a d was beheaded in 49 .

Charles II , after being in exile , succeeded in 1 660 On the restoration of the monarchy , and died of a 1 6 Stroke in 85. Ja mes II of England and VI I of Scotland suc eed ed c his brother , but so alienated the affections of th e wa s nation that an invitation sent to William , “ e P rince of Orange , to com to the rescue of the laws Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 55 an d religion of England and William and Mary , P e v rinc ss of Orange , were proclaimed joint so ereigns

o F 1 68 . S f England in ebruary , 9, and of cotland in y April of the same ear . Mary was the elder daughter of James I I , and William was the son of Mary , eld est daughter of Charles I . They left no issue and e 1 0 2 were succ eded , in 7 , by Anne second daughter of

1 1 . James II . Anne died without issue in 7 4 On her death the succession passed to the house of Hanover , descended from the Princess Elizabeth , daughter of I F James and wife of rederick V , Count Palatine of

. S the Rhine George I , elder son of ophia , the young est child of the Princess Elizabeth and Ernest , Elector of Ha nover , became King of Great Britain and Ire F land , from whom the present Royal amily take de cent .

The female issue of James I I ended with Anne . I His son James , called by his supporters James I I of S England and VII I of cotland , had two sons , Prince 1 80 Charles Edward , referred to later , who died in 7 S without legitimate issue , and Henry tuart , titular n Duke of York , commonly called Cardinal York , o . whose death in 1 80 7 the male line of James I I came to and end . Widely as some of the branches of the Stewart o r S tuart family have spread , and numerous as are th e families of the name , there is not a rep resentative in the lineal male line of a ny of the crowned heads of the race . The Crown , which came into the family through a female , Marjory the daughter of the Bruce, has been transmitted through a female , the Princ ess

Elizabeth . The house of Bavaria i s descended from the ho use S u H I of t art through enrietta , daughter of Charles ; and the hous e of Orleans a l so takes descent from the 56 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

S - tuarts through Charlotte , grand daughter and heir

ess of the Princess Elizabeth , daughter of James I .

In addition to these two families , there are also the

descendants of Edward , a brother of the Electress

Sophia .

The male representation , or Chiefship , of the family

being extinct in the Royal lines , is claimed by the

Earls of Galloway , and has also been claimed by the S C a s tlemilk tuart of branch , as descended from a

j unior branch of Darnley and Lennox . S S Mary tuart , Queen of cots , daughter of James

V and Mary of Guise , was born in the palace of Lin th 2 1 . lithgow on the 7 December, 54 Her father was F on his death bed at alkland , when her birth was

announced to him , and regarded the announcement

as a warning of his death . Anxiously he asked if it

. was a son When told it was a. daughter , he moaned “ ' It came with ane lass , it will pass with ane lass , referring to thei crown of Scotland ; but his prophecy

. S was not fulfilled even days later the King died .

I n c hma h o me Much of her childhood was spent in , a small island in the lake of Menteith , and to divert the young Princess her solitary residence was shared by four young ladies of rank , the celebrated F our

Marys . All four Marys accompanied the Queen to F rance and returned with her to S cotland . The old ballad named after her tells of the tragic fate of Mary ’ a c H milton , in onsequence of the Queen s discovery that she and Darnley were lovers .

The King thought mair o ’ Marie Hamilton ’ e n Than the Que n and a her la ds .

Sh e was condemned to die and when she came to the gallows foot” the poem has her say

58 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

s her hu band , Darnley , whom she saw as arrogant and

brainless , and who declared that Mary had played

him fal s e with her Italian secretary Rizzio . The

protestant Nobles did not share his suspicions , but i feared the nfluence of Rizzio , and on the evening of th 1 66 the 9 March , 5 , occurred the oft told murder 1 h 66 . t 1 of the secretary On the 9 June , 5 , in the

Castle of Edinburgh , was born her son , afterwards

James VI of S cotland and I of England . The news of the birth of a son was received with the utmost j oy throughout the kingdom , but from this period ’ the p age of Mary s story rapidly darkens . At the suggestion of the Earl of Bothwell , now one of the ’ ffi most active of Mary s o cers of state , the proposal M was made that ary should divorce Darnley , but she refused to accede to the proposal . Bothwell , how ever , resolved that Darnley should die , and attended by a band of accomplices , he proceeded , at midnight , S t F 1 6 F on unday 9 h ebruary, 5 7, to the Kirk of ield

House , where Darnley had taken up a temporary resi dence . A large quantity of gunpowder was exp loded in the chamber beneath that in which Darnley slept , u and the ho se , with all its inmates , including Darnley , was totally destroyed . Bothwell was accused by the ’ n D a rnle s a c Earl of Le nox , y father , was tried , but quitted . A little more than two months after the assassination of Darnley , Bothwell procured the sig nature o fa number of the nobility to a document set o i ting forth , first, his innocence the crime ; secondly, n eces s itv the of the Queen again marrying ; and , thirdly recommending James , Earl of Bothwell , as a

fit person to become her husband . He seized the ’ an d Queen s person , detained her for ten days a t u Dunbar, one of his castles , ntil he obtained her con sent to espouse him . A few weeks a fterwards they Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 59

’ B o thw ell s were married , but numerous enemies took up arms to displace him . A compromise was come to whereby Mar y delivered herself up to the opposite i party , after she had prevailed upon Bothwell to qu t the field . Mary was confined in the Castle of Loch

a n d 2 th 1 6 leven , , on 4 July , 5 7, was compelled to abdi

. cate , the Earl of Moray being elected to the Regency

1 68 ' v In March , 5 , Mary escaped from Lochle en and placed herself at the head of a large army, surrounded by the greater part of her nobility , but was defeated by the Earl of Moray at the B attle of Langside , and he fled by sea to England . S landed at Cockermouth , un in Cumberland , and proceeded to Carlisle . The fortunate Queen was now moved from castle to castle ,

1 86 F o th eri n a and finally , in September , 5 , to g y , with a view to being brought to trial on a charge of having aided a conspiracy to assassinate Queen Elizabeth .

Mary denied that she had ever in word , or even in thought , been party to any such conspiracy , and the evidence which was brought to convict the Queen of Scotland was such as would not now affect the life o fthe meanest criminal . There w a s a further charge of abetting a conspiracy set on foot by the Duke of wh o Norfolk , had not only aimed at restoring her to liberty , but had looked forwarded to obtaining her ’ h . and Norfolk s designs were discovered , and he ff n perished on the sca old . I pursuance of what was ’ certainly Elizabeth s wish , Mary was found guilty . O n th F 1 8 the 7 ebruary , 5 7, the Earls who were appointed F to superintend her execution arrived at otheringay, ’ and on the following morning at eight o clock , Mary, S Queen of cots , was beheaded . Still mindful of her birth , and of what she once had been , the unfortunate Queen a pp eared on the scaffold arrayed in her best a nd m s s a e a nd he o t plendid ttir , r whol e co nduct 60 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly

thro ughout the trying scene was marked with the noble n bearing and u shaken fortitude of a heroine . Mary never forgot for a moment that she was Queen o i ' S cotland , and died with a magnanimity worthy of the

title . These lines , so bitterly true , are said to have

been written by the Queen , with a diamond , on a window in F otheringay Castle :

And from the to p of all my trust

Mishap has thrown me in the dust . Her remains were embalmed and buried in the Cathe

- fiv e dral of Peterborough , but, twenty years after

a a nd to w rds were removed by her son , James VI I ,

Westminster Abbey .

d ea th e remitt Let with my my faults be cleane , And with my bones my name exempt from w ro n e g , b o d e b s u s ta in d e fitt My y athe a guerdon , Whose freed soule w o uld e not be blamed so ” longe .

The Young Chevalier , the gallant Bonnie Prince

Charlie , is the figure in the past which still most vividly appeals to the imagination of Scotland . H e I S t 1 2 0 was born at Rome on the 3 December , 7 , grand S son of James I I of England and VI I of cotland , d t a n S . eldest son of the Chevalier George , who claimed the title of James II I of England and VIII of Scot land , and had himself headed an unsuccessful rising 1 in 1 7 5. The full name of the Prince was Charles S r Edward Louis Phillipe Casimir tua t , and as his

a s father w known as the Old Pretender , he is often referred to as the Young Pretender . Naturally the term is objected to b y the supporters of the Stuart cause , and the name Prince Charlie , without the use the o of word Pretender , will answer our purp se . Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 61

’ God bless the King ; God bless the F aith s defender ; — — God bless no harm in blessing The Pretender ;

Who that Pretender is , and who that King — ” God bless us all is quite another thing . Many of the old families in S cotland still retained their attachment to the race of Stuart , their ancient monarchs , and several Chiefs of the Clans negotiated measures for a rising in the Highlands . Indeed , the persevering efforts which the Highlanders made for the restoration of the Stuarts ” is one of the most remarkable things in history . The Clans under Mont rose had recovered S cotland for King Charles I ; they “ had followed the bonnets of Bonny Dundee , in

1 689 ; they had been out with the Chevalier St . George in 1 71 5 ; had fought with the Earl of Seaforth in 1 71 9 ; and once again the Clans gathered to follow th e “ ’ 0 White Cockade , and fight for the King the High land hearts , Bonnie Prince Charlie .

Follow thee 'F ollow thee 'Wha wadna follow thee ' Lang hast thou loved and trusted us fairly '

Charlie , Charlie , wha wadna follow thee , ’ 0 King the Highland hearts , bonnie Prince Charlie '”

8 1 F On the th of July , 745, there sailed from rance a man of war of sixty guns named the Elizabeth , and

D o utell e a frigate named the , on board of the latter

d a being Prince Charlie with a few attendants . The y a fter they left port , the Lion , an English man of war ,

d D o utelle engage the Elizabeth , and the made for the S h B north of cotland , w ere the Prince landed at riska ,

M a c D o n a ld in the Hebrides . of Boisdale , the first n man of co sequence he met , advised him to return “ ”

m . o ho e I am come h me , sir , was the reply . The Prince unfurled his standard at Glen F innan on the

l h 1 . gt of August , 745 It was displayed by the Marquis 62 Hi s to ry ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

Tu llib a r di n e e of , who had b en exiled for participation in th e ri s i n g of 1 71 5 and now returned to Scotland in D the o u telle . The standard which had been raised

w a th a t a s e B . r t ch bhan , or White Banner This flag,

la r e s i z e w a s c d n o n e of g , , a cor i g to account , composed

o f r ed u e a n d e s , bl whit ilk , or according to another , of a r ed col o r with the figure of a white standard in the “ a n d t triu m middle , the mot o Tandem bona causa ” ‘ I th phans . t was borne in the center of e column by

l n ea of r r the C a s , ch having the honor ca ying it on

l y h a d alte rn a t e ( a s . The Clans which joined Prince

a l e w er e S e Ch r i , The t warts of Clan Appin , under

A rd s h ea l u 2 0 M a c D o n a ld s , n mbering 5 ; the of Kep

w h o J e n th e M a c D o n a lds poch , had alread b e in action ;

Ran a ld a s 0 0 m en M a c D o n a ld s of Clan , upw rd of 3 ; the

“ of Gl enco n umbering 1 50 ; Glengarry with 30 0 Mc

e a me Donn lls ; and the C rons , under Lochiel , number

’ ing nearl y 80 0 . The Prince s adoption of their cos f e umes d lighted the Highlanders , and dressed as them

m c selves he ar hed on foot at the head of his men , ff h or occasionally with the di erent Clans . T e little band continued to receive additional followers , includ

G l en mo ri s to n S ing the Grants of , Viscount trathallan and his son , Oliphant of Gask and his son , and John f Roy Stewart , a most useful o ficer . The Government

Si r troops under John Cope , sent to oppose him , de cli n i n rth g battle , Prince Charles Edward occupied Pe

rd S on the 3 of eptember, where he was joined by the 2 0 0 Duke of Perth with men ; Lord George Murray ,

i r and many gentlemen of note . S John Cope and the Government troops continued to retreat before the ’ s Highlander , and the Prince s army having received

r Ma c G re o rs the welcome addition of the Robe tsons , g , and more of the Stewarts of Athole , took Edinburgh

1 6 S . by surprise on the th eptember The Castle , how Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 63

n ever, remai ed in Government hands . Many another Highland Chief had now “ta ’ en the field wi ’ his White u n Cockade . We find Lord Nairn with one tho sa d men from Athole ; the Chief of Ma c L a ch la n and his d i followers ; Lord Elcho , el est sor of the Duke of VVemys s ; the Earl of Kelly ; Lord Balmerino ; Jame s

C a rn w a rth Hepburn of. Keith ; Lockhart of ; the yo u n ger Grah a m of Airth ; the younger Rollo of Pow

a n o u r i burn ; Hamilton of B g ; and S r David Murray . The Prince determined to give battle to Si r John

‘ Cope , who had taken up a position at Prestonpans , and by a night attack surprised the Hanoverian forces ,

t . e S totally rou ing them It is relat d that the tewarts ,

th e e with Camerons , rush d straight to the muzzles ’ “ m s of then ene ; cannon , with a swiftness not to be ” e d scribed , taking them by storm ; and the High ’ “ ” landers broad s word attack compelled Johnnie Cope

r i to beat a p ecip tate retreat .

‘ ’ 1 ’ ’ ‘ a i t o t fl e I h quo Johnnie , I g a g ’ Wi their claymores and philabegs ;

a If I f ce them again , deil break my legs ' ’ S o I wish you a gude morning .

M a cKi n no n s The Highland army , reinforced by the ,

Ma c P h ers o n s o , Lord Pitslig with some cavalry , and

1 80 0 men a Tu llib a rdi n e r ised by the Marquis of , marched for England . They crossed the Border , one n column proceeded to Brampton , and the other to ear

Carlisle . After the capitulation of Carlisle , the Prince

en tr rr 1 made a triumphal into the city , on the 7th m r of Nove ber , and then p oceeded south , finally arriv ing at Derb only one hundred and twenty ~ six miles from London . During the whole of this long and u m arduo s arch , the Prince , wearing the Highland

h a d h dress . shared the fatigues and ardships of his 64 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly

th men . The arm y arrived at Derby on the 4 of De

c emb er 6th , and on the morning of the , to the exceed

mo rtific a ti o n ing of the clansmen , they left Derby and S 1 8 arrived back in cotland on the th , during which return march the Government troops were defeated at Clifton by the Stewarts of Clan Appin and the Mac

P h ers o n s , who charged through hedge and ditch with “ the claymore , over the necks of the foes of Prince Charlie The retread' from Derby was much ag ainst the wish of the Prince and a grievous disappointment

Th e to him . opinion has since been expressed , that e S had he press d on to London , the tuarts would cer l ta i n y have regained the throne . The retreating army S proceeded to Glasgow , and thence to tirling, where

a they were joined by other Cl ns , which , during the march into England , had already been out for the

S S . F tuart cause in cotland They included the rasers ,

I sh e F a r h r n the Ma c nto s and the qu a s o s . The Govern F ment troops were again defeated at alkirk , after e which battle , the Princ and his army commenced their march to Inverness , where they arrived in Janu

1 6 . ary , 74 The Duke of Cumberland was advancing 1 6 against them from the south , and on the th of April arrived at the field of Culloden where the Prince ’ s forces were stationed ; and soon after the two armies met in that battle which for ever put an end to the hopes of the Stuart cause . Some of the Clans had already returned to their own country when this dis astrous combat took place , and those engaged were ff su ering from fatigue and short rations . The foll ow ing Clans took part in the battle : The Stewarts of Clan App in ; The Stewarts of Athole ; Roy Stewart and his men ; The Camerons ; The F rasers ; The Clan Ma c L ea n ; Th e Ma c I n to sh es ; The Ma c L a chla n s ; F a r quh a rs o n s : The Ma cD o na lds of Clan Ra n a ld ; The

66 His tory ofthe S tewa rt or S tua r t Fa mi ly

ot o n d a F n S i ) in S b g boar re ch h p , ep tem er,

F n . H m i n 1 h e e a 80 . rea c ed ra c died t Ro e , 7

h m r n it ere ell O ' y P i ce , w w u to o s en d a r Hadst tho the g d be e , f n re ra ve ll To have alle whe b Keppoch fe , ” h the a r s lo ud i n t i n ea r Wit w p ip e h e . CHAPTER V .

H E first permanent English settlement in the Colonies of America was founded dur ing the reign of James VI of S cotland ff and I of England . Earlier e orts at col

o n i z a ti o n had . been made , but without lasting results In the year 1 577 a patent of colonization for Virginia

i r m a nd 1 8 was granted to S Hu phrey Gilbert , in 5 5 one hundred and eight settlers arrived in the Colonies Si r a t under Richard Grenville , but these attempts dur colonization were merely sporadic , and without able effect on the colo nial development of the new u 1 60 s land . Not ntil 7, when a small body of colonist founded Jamestown , did any perman ent English set l m t e ent establish itself in the American Colonies .

This settlement at Jamestown , with other settlements along the James River, later became the Province of

l s i Virginia , and rightly c aims precedence a the p oneer

. a settlement of this country In the same year , an t

“ a t tempt colonization was made in what is now Maine , but the expedition was unsuccessful , and returned to 1 62 England . The year 0 saw the arrival of the historic “ ” Mayflower , followed by the founding of the Ply mouth Colony . Other small communities were form ing along the Atlantic seaboard , the most important

. y 1 6 2 in New England Mar land was founded in 3 , being followed by other settlements , until , within sixty years after the first settlement on the James River , seven Colonies were firmly established on the coast of North

America . The current of migration from Scotland was slow 67 68 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly in th e e n za early y a rs of the colo i tion of America , for, r i n during the reign s of the ea ly S tuart kings England , co nditions i n Scotland were no t yet such as to cause th e hardy Scots to leave the h ills and glens to which they were atta ched by so many romantic and domestic ti th e o f m w h th e es . During period the Co mon ealt Co lonies recei ved a large number of Scottish emi e r S t h n fl e grants , the arl' co tis i uenc being especially h N p otent with t e fo unders of the ew England colonies . A t the end o fth e s eventee nth century economic con

i i o n s i a nd d t , both n Scotland the North of Ire la d a n S h a d n , where m ny hardy and i telligent cots

‘ lo d a a nd the cated , cause gre at valuable influx to Col oni es o fHighlanders and Lowlanders from Scotland o fS U s direct , and cottish l termen from the North of A i n th e I . s e S reland cas of other cottish families , t e r a nother mo iv , eligion , led forth many of the clan ho to l v w wished i e in beliefs , and follow forms of r r a t eligion , which were not tole ated home ; a motive a s i m s wh o h old as the t e of Mose , cited to Pharao “ he fo r t reason the Exodus from Egypt , We must g o three days journey into the wilderness to offer a h ” s t e . acrifice unto Lord our God Again , among the

l a dv en r c ansmen were those who , possessed of an tu “ us i i h a h o sp rit , conv nced of the truth that , They w a e a gude Scottish tongue in their head are fit to gang w ow er the world , said fare ell to their kin and their

a s n tive hills , eeking fame and fortune in the n ew la ne of promise . Boswell relates how the sailing of an em i grant ship in those days was an occasion of i g eneral sorrow ng , and that those left behind cast themselves weepi ng on the shore for it was not thought “ ” a d that those dep rting woul ever return home again . Neil M u nro expresses this in his poem Hi s tory ofthe S tewa rt or S tua rt F a mily

My plaid i s o n my sho ulder and the boat i s on

the shore , ’ ’ And it s all bye wi auld days and you ’ ’ its Here s a health and here s a heartbreak , for m home , y dear, no more ,

s w. To the green glens, the fine g len we kne 1 s Also , after the rising of 745, in favor of Prince Charle s Edward , a large number of emigrant of Highland u o e stock left for America , and formed a n cleus of m r extensive immigration subsequently . i e William Stewart emigrated from Scotland to Ma n , 1 and settled at Ipswich in that Colony in 684 . In “

1 6 1 . S 9 , the records tell , a lad was put to Mr tewart , Shop Keeper of Ipswich for seven years to serve him ” 1 6 as apprentice, and in 93 he presented the North “ Church with a silver cup, inscribed, Mr . William ’ f S tewart s Gift to ye Church o Ipswich, June , a John Dunton , the bookseller from England , paid s business visit to William Stewart , and in his letter gives the following glowing description of Mrs . Stew “ : H er e n art stature is of full middle siz , fit for a woma .

H e c fa e is still the magazine of beauty, whence she ma y fetch artillery enoug h to wound a thousand w a s i s lovers , and when she about e ghteen , perhap

n r there never was a face more sweet and charming, o n o a t h - r could it well be otherwise, since w t irty th ee,

h i s f c all you call sweet and ravis ing in her ace , whi h it is a great p leasure to behold as a perpetual sun ” s r shine without any cloud at all. William Stewa t 1 6 died at I pswich in 93. ‘ The General Assembly of the P ro v mce of tl aryla nd ’ r held at St . Ma y s in ass ess ed Charles Stuart

63 2 th i n h 3 rates , and his name appears in e list of a bi h tants of Kent, in the same year . T e General Assem 1 68 1 h dr n bly , in , ordered one un ed a d fifty pounds n u r of tobacco paid to Joh St a t. 70 Hi s tor y 0 ] th e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

i A s o mewh a t tro ub les o me member of the family wa s located at New Haven as early as 1 639 . At a Court of New Haven Colony ‘ holden 4th of December in “ i n o i ned that year, James Stewart and another were j to make a double restitutio to John Cokerill for five

s ev enteen e pounds and shillings , which they stole out ’ ” of his chist on the Lord s Day in the meeting time . 1 6 James was again in trouble in 43, when he was e “ ” fin d one shilling for being late coming to trayne , “ 1 6 6 c o m la ned s ev era ll and , in 4 , was p y of for dis orderly expressions and co mtemp t of the ma g es tra cye in this place.” Duncan Stewart was an early settler in the Colony th e of Maine and recorded birth of a daughter , Kath

en 8 1 6 8 . r , at Ipswich on June th , 5 1 662 S w a s In , Daniel tewart received as inhabitant “ of Barnstable in the Colony of Massachusetts , and allowed equal privilege on the commons and such other privileges as belong to the present inhabitants ” as a township . The total number of voters in the

-fiv township at that time was sixty e . 1 662 In the same year , , another member of the family , Alexander Stewart , a tailor in Charlestown , 1L Ma s s a c -u s etts , is recorded as having married Hannah Tempi “Att a Court of Assistants held at Boston in New

rd 1 6 England the 3 of March , 73, James Stewart was “ plaintiff on a p p ea le relating to the thirty pounds the

Jury found against him . The Jury brought in their ’ v i rdict th ev ff , found for the plainti s reversion of the former j udgment . ' Other early records of the Colony of Massachusetts s w S 1 6 6 a ho that Hugh tewart at Yarmouth , in 7 , w s “ ” a a r taxed tow rds the charge of the late w . at Only three persons , this time, paid a heavier tax , Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tuart Fa mi ly 71

showing the importance o fthis member o fthe family

in the community . Duncan Stewart was one of the earliest shipbuilders 1 680 m in the Colony , at Newbury, and in removed fro at the o n e that place to Rowley, where he died age of 1 1 hundred , in 7 7. s Among the inhabitants of Chatham, Massachusett , i n 1 6 6 appear the names of Hugh Stewart, 9 , and of 1 6 8 S M a William Stewart , in 9 ; and at andwich , ass

ch u s etts 1 6 0 1 0 6 , between the years 9 and 7 , seven chil dren are recorded as having been born to James Stew art and his wife , Desire . The name of Robert Stewart appears in the list of “ Freemen a p p erta i n i ng e unto the Plantation of N o r w 1 1 th alke , taken this of October , 1 6 0 S lo t o n a t In 7 , John tuart bought a the hill l 1 6 1 Albany , New York , from John Cone l . In 7 , Stuart appeared before the Secretary o fAlbany a nd acknowledged that he was well a nd honestly indebted to Goosen G erritse in the quantity o f thirty whole “ ” f a n and good beaver skin s for two pieces of duf els , d twenty - seven whole and good beaver skins for two pieces of blankets ; and undertook to p ay the beaver n lo t skins during the next trapping seaso . The o n ’ the hill was sold b y Stuart s administrators in 1 675; 1 1 th 1 6 1 r f On the of July , 9 , a membe o the family wh o ' d d was an early settler at Hemp stea , Long Islan , presented the following petition to the proprietors “ and freeholders of that township : The request o f John Stuart humbly sh o w eth that inasmuch a s it m me m t r o f m l has pleased God to ake a as e a fa i y, I m l I a m i finding it a necessity to settle yse f, will ng to e o fa settle among you , to follow the trad cooper, as I do here also to practice the art of surg ery. t fo re request that you be p leased to gi ve me a right ofeighteen or 72 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly t l wenty acres of and that is tillable , a little east of the Pine Point , near the Plain Edge . It is th e bit of that hollow , called the Bloody Hollow , for which I s hall be very thankful , and also ready and willing to

v o u I serve in either of the arts aforesaid , so far as ” n have understa ding . The Lords Proprietors of the Province of North Carolina formulated certain charges against Governor S 1 6 1 othel , in 9 , among such charges being that of detaining one negro and seven pewter dishes ” from

a John S tew rt . At a Court of the Province held in 1 6 n S : r 93, A ne tewart proved six rights viz fou

i r ill negroes one English servant and V g S imons , and “ in the same year , At a Court Holden at ye house of

F fo s ter ffir Mrs . Diana the st Munday in November ” e 6th S w a s beng y day of the moneth , Anne tewart granted letters of administration of the estate of Mrs . w Stewart . William Ste art and his wife were defend “ ants i n a case . for killing a cow calfe to her damage ” 0 n 1 0 th 1 0 4 shilli gs , at a Court held on April , 7 5, and a t A General Court of Oyer and Terminer for the

Province of North Carolina held on I st November, 1 2 0 S 7 , William tewart was a member of the Grand

Jury. A sporting member of the family made his appear ance at a Court of the Province of Virginia , held at

I 1 6 S r . st 8 . Varina , April . 9 John tewart , J , was defend a nt i n a suit brought by Richard Ward . It was testi fied that Richard Ward had agreed to run a mare S n amed Bony , and that John tewart had agreed to

“ run a horse named Watt , the race to be a quarter of

th e . a mile , horse giving the mare five lengths Rich £ £ a rd Ward laid the odds of 6 to the 5 of John Stew

ma re w o n fo r a rt. The . but some reason not stated

74 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly d o n d err y . After the siege of that city he returned to S w 1 1 . cotland , and died in Edinburgh , 7 4 His wido and children came to America , landing at Boston in 1 1 8 . S October, 7 Their son , John tewart , was one of the grantees of the new town of Londonderry , New

Hampshire , and lived at a farm known as the Precept

F . 1 2 2 arm The old records show that in March , 7 a lot forty- nine acres at Londonderry was laid out S 1 2 8 - to John tewart , and , in 7 , a further thirty four 1 2 2 acres of land is added . In 7 , he was appointed “ E z ekels one of a committee for bounding Pond , 1 2 and , in 7 4 , was elected one of the two tithing men , “ ” v a e 2 0 th the following year being elected s i r y r . On the

1 1 December , 73 , he was nominated on a committee “to consider of sending a call or calls to Ireland in order to have a second Minister for our Congrega ” tion . He was chosen as one of the two constables of 1 - the town for the years 734 35, but hired another person to act for him . Other records of this period show that Robert Stew

a . art , brother of John , settled at Andover Also that S Charles tewart and Mary , his wife , were married 1 th 1 2 at Londonderry on s November , 7 7, and had four children born between the years 1 72 8 and 1 733 ; also S h i s that John tuart and wife had a son , John , born 2 th 1 to them at Londonderry , on the 9 June , 737. In 1 2 2 l S i 7 , Wa ter tewart of Londonderry married G zull m C ru ey of Boxford . A s s emb l v 1 2 The General of New Hampshire , in 7 4 , S “ allowed Walter tewart , master of the S co o ner F o r ” tu ne a p o rtleg e bill of

The first permanent settler of Pocock , (now Bristol) ,

a S S New H mpshire was amuel tewart , who was later a soldier of the Revolution in the Battle of Bunker

Hill . On the expiration of his term of service he re Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 75

1 81 turned to Pocock , but moved to Royalton , in 7,

- fift . with an ox team , being y one days on the j ourney The Reverend John Stuart was the son of Andrew

Stuart who came to America from Omagh , Ireland , 1 in the year 730 . Andrew Stuart had three other sons ,

James , Andrew and Charles . James died young , An drew and Charles settled in the western part of Penn S sylvania . Andrew tuart , the father , was a rigid Pres b teri a n y , but his son John , born at Harrisburg , Penn 1 0 sylvania , in 74 , joined the Church of England , going to England for ordination , where he received Holy 1 0 Orders in 77 , and was appointed missionaryto the F 1 Mohawks at ort Hunter . In 775, the War of the

Revolution began , and many who had previously been

. S friends , now found themselves enemies John tuart re did not at first exp erience any inconvenience , and F mained undisturbed at ort Hunter for some time , even after the Declaration of Independence . But , as o l he had remained l ya to the British Government , his continued residence at F ort Hunter became danger

A fter h i . s ous house was attacked , and his little Church S plundered , he removed to chenectady , from whence he was ordered to “repair with family forthwith to the State of Connecticut until his exchange could be ” procured . He , however , appeared before the Com “ missioners , declared his readiness to convince them ” he had not corresponded with the enemy , and was paroled with orders to remain at Schenectady . H e

finally obtained permission to emigrate to Canada , a n d set out with his wife and family on l gth S ep 1 8 1 t tember , 7 , and arrived at S . Johns on the 9th of

October , occupying three weeks on a journey which i s now performed in a few hours . He established

himself permanently in Canada , although , after Great Britain had acknowledged the Independence of the 76 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

S United tates , he was invited to settle in the Diocese of Virginia . The Reverend John was a man of six feet four inches in height , and was known by his New ” York State friends as The Little Gentleman , and later the title of “F ather of the Upper Canada Church 1 8 1 1 fi l . was t y bestowed on him . He died in S S . olomon W tewart , born in County Tyrone , Ire

i n 1 c land , 754 , ame to America and settled in Columbia

Y . County , New ork H e was a Professor of Music , and served as Adj utant for General Lafayette in the War of the Revolution . 1 In 753, James Stewart petitioned for a license to purchase from the Indians , acres of land on the

North side of the Mohawk River in Albany County ,

New York . In the following year he also petitioned for letters pa tent on behalf of himself and others for

acres of land in the same locality . S 1 0 William tewart was born near Edinburgh in 74 ,

1 0 . and came to America in 77 His son John , aecom

a n i ed F p him , and they settled at lorida , New York

State .

In the first Circus that ever visited Albany , New

. S York , Mr and Mrs . tewart from England were the

The v riders . had no canvas , nothing but stakes and i ropes forming a ring for the r ders , and collections were taken up by the clown among the audience . S 1 The ecretary of the Trustees in Georgia , in 733, S ordered Donald tewart , a freeholder of Georgia and S Master of the Pilot loop , to provision his boat and be on hand to assist any ships in distress . Donald 1 0 was cast away with his sloop and drowned in 74 . H e was hired by some settlers who were proceeding

a n d ff to Augusta , to go and bring their families e ects from Carolina . Under a gale of wind he ran upon some shoals and his vessel was staved in , his son a nd Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 77 h anot er escap ing, but Donald himself was lost with his vessel . His near kinsman of the same name , Don S ald tewart, about the same time , lost his life through the accidental discharge of a gun . J ohn Stewart came from Edinburgh about the year 1 2 d 7 3, and lan ed in North Carolina , from where he and his family moved to Liberty County , Georgia . 1 0 S S S In 75 , John tewart , enior, late of outh Carolina , petitioned for a grant of land in Georgia , stating that he had settled a tract of land and cultivated about P ro forty acres , having eight negroes now in the vince and also thirteen more , with a wife and two ”

S . five children , in outh Carolina H e was granted hundred acres on the middle branch of North New port , and later obtained a further five hundred acres .

1 0 S r . At the same time , 75 , John tewart , J , was granted five hundred acres of land on the south branch of

North Newport, he having eight negroes in the Pro vince of Georgia and nine more in South Carolina . 1 6 Later, in 75 , he obtained a further grant of five hun

dred acres more , he then having nineteen negroes , and

a wife and two children .

“ a Also in the Province of Georgia , grant of land S wa s 1 0 on the River apalo made, in 75 , to Jame s S “ tewart, many years an inhabitant in the Southern part o fthis Colony and of land in Hardwicke to

S . S 1 6 Ann tewart Robert tewart, in 75 , and James S 1 tewart , in 757, also obtained grants of land ; and 1 8 h S d in 75 , Jo n tuart obtaine a grant of two hundred

and fifty acres on the island opposite Abercorn . Lieutenant William Stewart was born on the estates S F S of the tewarts of ort tewart at Green Hill , County I r 1 8 Donegal , reland , about the yea 73 . H is ancestors

l i had etv fl t ated to Ireland from VVi to w n s hi re S g , cot

. 1 8 land H e came to America in 75 , probably landing 78 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mily

1 60 at Philadelphia . In 7 , he married Mary Glass and S went to Meeting House p rings , near Carlisle , Penn the sylvania . They had eleven children . He entered

first ten of the children in the F amily Bible , as Stuart ; but when the eleventh was born returned to

the spelling, Stewart . H ence his descendants have th e used both styles of orthography . The names of children are entered on a page in what the Lieutenant S in himself describes , Wm . tuart his Bible bought

C a rs lile ilk — m. from John W y W Stuart is my name , Do not stale this Book for fare of shame F o r onder ’ ” nath is the oner s name . When the Revolutionary War commenced William Stewart resp onded to th e call , and enlisted in the Cumberland County Militia . He was Lieutenant in Number 3 Company of Colonel ’ 1 John Davis Regiment , and was wounded in 777. 1 82 In 7 , he again enlisted against the Indians , and for his services received two hundred acres of land o n

Indian Run , Mercer County , Pennsylvania . The first appearance in the Colony of George Stuart

S u s ueh a na is at Marietta , on the q River, where he 1 had a farm as early as 71 7. His farm was on the east bank of the river and embraced three hundred

f - 1 2 2 fi t . and y seven acres In 7 , he was a Justice of

h e t Peace for Conestoga Township , and when the County of Lancaster was organized he was appointed 1 1 a County Commissioner . In 730 and again in 732 George Stuart was elected a member of the Provincial

Assembly , and it is curious to find recorded that he “ ” th 1 0 was licensed , May 5 , 73 to sell rum by the small . 1 He died in January 733, while attending the Assembly S in Philadelphia . John tuart , his eldest son , probably came over with his father , and carried on the farm ’

. S after his father s death Colonel George teuart , grand S 1 6 son o fGeorge tuart , was born in 73 , and used the Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 79

e spelling Steuart during the chief portion of hi s lif . no The old Stuart farm passed to George , but there is H s record to show that he and his wife , Margaret arri , m i n 1 8 . whom he married 75 , ever occupied the far Their eldest child was born while they were living either at Elizabethtown or Carlisle , and while they e were at the latter place the farm wa s sold . Georg r Steuart moved to Maryland , settling at Deer C eek , where he carried on a farm and also did business a s “ ”

n . 1 a innholder He returned to Pennsylvania in 775, “ ” b ut is believed to be the same a s George Stewart whose name so app ears o n the roll of th e Maryland m t F Company of Captain Paca, for ing par of the lying ’ n Camp that marched to Washington s aid in 1 776 . O Steu the outbreak of the; Revolutionary War, George a rt and his eldest son were among the first to enter

. 1 th the patriot army In 777, he was appointed to e responsible p osition of S ub -Lieutenant of the County o f u Cumberland , Pennsylvania, with the rank of Lie - r f ub - tenant Colonel . There we e our S L ieutenants whose duty it was to furnish supplies and reinforce: t - ments . The terri ory assigned to Lieutenant Colonel r Steuart was of wide area , extending west to the borde o f r f Westmoreland County, and No th to the border o

“ ' rl n I N o rth umb e a d County . t is recorded that he took an active part against the Indians on the border dur ”

v . S ing the Re olution After the War, teuart was gen era ll so y called Colonel , it is probable he rose to that

. H e 1 rank in the War died in 787. r 1 2 Lazarus Stewart came to Ame ica in 7 9 . Mar S garet , his daughter married James tewart , and b e came the mother of Captain Lazarus Stewart of the

Colonial and Revolutionary Wars . Other early arrivals in Pennsylvania include Archi b S i n 1 2 8 m u ust ald tewart who arrived 7 , re oving to A g a, 80 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

1 G en County , Virginia in 730 . He was an ancestor of

. . . S 1 eral J E B tuart . William Stewart was born in 754 and came to Pennsylvania in 1 784 . H e married Mar

G ett s b ur h . garet Getty , niece of the founder of y g Robert Stewart was born at Glasgow and died in

1 0 . S Ireland , 73 Two of his sons , amuel and Hugh , S came to America , amuel settling at Chestnut Level ,

h a uk es t . Pennsylvania , and Hugh at P S Robert tewart of the County of Lancaster , Penn

S ff 1 1 . sylvania , was appointed heri of the County in 75

In the obligation to the King, the name is spelled

Stuart . A supporter of the Stuart cause in the rising of 1 S S 1 2 745, David tuart left cotland in 75 and came to the Province of Virginia . His son John , after

S i n wards Colonel John tuart , was then his fourth

- . S 1 6 year At the age of twenty one John tuart , in 7 9, crossed the mountains to the Greenbrier Valley . It was at this time that corn was first cultivated in the county . His camping place was near the present F site of the town of rankfort . Stuart commanded a Company at the Battle of Point Pleasant on the 1 0 th 1 October , 744 , and witnessed the murder of the Shaw l nee Chief , Cornstalk , at the same place on the oth of November following . H e rose to the rank of

Colonel in the border wars . Colonel Stuart also led S 1 8 the relief from avannah , in 77 , which saved Don ’ F nally s ort . In the year 1 762 Robert Stewart was Captai n a n d S John Stewart , urgeon , of the Virginia Regiment . A prominent figure in the earlier history of South Carolina was a member of the family named Joh n

Stuart . H e first came to America at the time of the

S u eri n settlement of Georgia , being appointed p tfndunt ff S of Indian A airs for the outhern District . F riend s

82 Hi s tory ofthe S tewar t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

’ t t s s ea h e ract large debts , which by repea ed losse at wa s to d e unable ischarg .

G eorge Home Steuart came to Annapolis , Mary i 1 2 m A nn n 0 . He land , 7 , fro Perthshire married e a Dig ges , daughter of Georg Digges of Maryland, descendant of S i r Dudley Digge s who fell fighting in e t th cause of Charles I . George Home Steuar was

a n . M . D of the University of Edinburgh, and rose t o great prominence in Maryland . Among the immigrants who arrived at Boston in 1 1 8 S 7 , and settled at Lancaster was Margaret tuart o B o v ed r fr m y in the County of De ry , and in a peti ti r N e 2 6th on to the Gove nor of w England , dated h e March of the same year, appears t name of James t S euart . John Stuart wa s admitted a freeman of the Colony ofRhode Isla nd a nd Providence Plantations on the rst 1 May , 730 . Th e famous portrait p ainter Gilbert Stuart was e 1 H born in Rh o d Island in 755. e was the son of S ff Gi lbert tuart of Newport , who built the first snu

N e . mill in w England Gilbert Stuart , the artist, a fo r b egan to paint lmost in his cradle , having orders a s n o p ortraits by the time he w thirtee years of age . T h t E n 1 2 r 'earn his art, e wen to ngla d in 77 , but afte

o r tw years eturned to America . I n the last ship h 1 w ich sailed before the blockade of Boston , in 775, r Stuart again went to England , determined to maste I n n hi s deficiencies . Londo he became the pupil of

1 8 s . West , and by 7 5 set up for him elf His succes s a but n wa s immedi te , no one Rey olds and Gains borough obta ining as large p rices fo r their pictures a s I 1 2 he to e a b e. n 79 , returned Am ric , and after paint i n tw o ea s i n N ew o m v a g for y r Y rk o ed to Philadelphi , a sh to n a nd fina s d B s th ence to W ing , lly ettle in o ton, Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 83

where he resided for more than twenty years until 1 2 his death in 8 8. During his career he produced an exceedingly large number of portraits . A catalogue 1 880 a c prepared in gave a list of 754 , but this was

knowledged to be far from complete . His po rtraits of

Washington are numerous . On the tablet in the Hall “ F o o of ame are his words , The p rtrait of Ge rge Wash i ng to n was undertaken by me . It had indeed been the obj ect of the most valuable years of my life to ” obtain the portrait . H C APTER VI .

H E year 1 774 saw the people of the Amer ican Colonies for the first time recognize that the ag itation against the acts of the Government of Great Britain was a na ti o n a l cause . The result was a meeting of Delegates F from the various colonies , known as the irst Conti n en ta l n a th e th Co gress , called at Philadelphi on s S r 1 1 e ptembe , 774 . The year 775 saw Lexington , Con c r r o d , and Bunke Hill , and the determination of the Colonies to resist oppression and enforce the redress

of . 1 6 e wrongs In 77 , the Declaration of Independenc ch anged a war o f p rinciple to a struggle for the separation of th e Colonies from the rule of the Eng li sh King . The fighting blood of the Highland Clan proved r t ue to old tradition , and on both sides of the conflict t th e S S hose of name of Stewart , teuart and tuart took a memorable part. The call of the Continental

Congress found a quick response , and many of the th t name threw in eir lot wi h the patriot army , and fought from Lexington Green to Yorktown for the

v right of self go ernment . I n the list o fContinental Army O fficers the follow ing are mentioned a s holding commissions in that sec tion of the force s engaged C S ommissary G eneral Charles tewart , Commissary o f 1 1 2 Issues from 777 until 78 . “f l S w r v Colonel a ter te a t , Pennsyl ania , brevetted Lieutenant-Co lonel by A ct of Congress and presented o fh no N 1 6 with a sword o r , ovember, 77 . 84 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S ma rt Fa mi ly 85

- h u P en n l Lieutenant Colonel Christop er St art , sy s r a t F o t s 1 6 v ania , taken p ri one r Wa hing ton , 77 , and exchanged i n n rt Mar l th e o Ston Major Joh Stewa , y and, her of y

m d . Point , entione later

A x i w Maj or le ander Stuart, V rg inia, ounded and

so n 1 81 . ta ken pri er a t Guilford, 7 e t h a k Captain Charl s S tewar , Nort Carolina, t en l 1 80 Ma 1 81 prisoner at Char eston , 7 exchang ed, y, 7 ;

E n r 1 81 . killed at utaw Spri g s, Septembe , 7 ’ t m s N ew Captain William Stewar , Graha Reg iment,

York . a ru S t ns l a t Captain L za s tewar , Pen y vania, killed

M 1 8 . the Wyoming assacre, 77 m Captain and Adjutant Willia Stewart, Regimental ’ “ a n d Co n Adjutant, Canadians (Hazen s) Regiment, ’ ” gress O wn . ’ s S m s R Captain Jame tewart, Malcol egiment and th s New York Regiment . S F Captain Robert tewart , lying Camp .

a S . Adjut nt olomon W Stewart, Adj utant for G en eral Lafayett e. N t 2 n a Lieutenant icholas Stewar , d North Carolin

Regiment . S rd l Dr Lieutenant Philip tuart, 3 Continenta a nd a goons , led the forlorn hope a w s wounded at ’ S 1 81 t Eutaw prings , 7 , transferred o Baylor s Regiment s r of Dragoons and erved to close of wa . He was member of Congress from Maryland , S t Lieutenant Alexander tewar , Delaware, wounded a nd d 1 taken prisoner at Long Islan , 776. S r h Lieutenant Josep h tewa t, g t North Carolina

Regiment .

l s S w t 1 th a nd 1 1 th i Lieutenant Char e te ar , 5 V rg ini a s Regiment . 86 Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

th na Lieutenant George Stewart , 9 North Caroli

Regiment .

2 nd t. Ensign Charles Stewart, Connecticut Regimen z d l S r . u Ensign Walter tewart , J , Pennsy vania Regi m ent .

S th . Ensign John tewart , 4 New Jersey Regiment

S a th . Ensign Jacob tew rt , s Massachusetts Regiment ’ r S o f Chaplain Alexande tewart, Knox s Regiment

Continental Artillery . ’ S C o n Quartermaster Alexander tewart , M alcolm s

n ti n e ta l Regiment . ’ Surgeon Alexander Stewart , Knox s Regiment of l o th rd Continental Artillery, and and 3 Pennsylvania

Regiments . ’ S S 1 1 th urgeon s Mate Lewis tewart , Virginia Regi ment . Commissary General Charl es Stewart was born i n

I 1 2 S . r reland , 7 9, of cottish extraction His grandfathe f of the same name was a S cottish O ficer of Dragoons , who , for services at the Battle of the Boyne , was given

a n . S estate in Ireland The grandson , Charles tewart , 1 0 came to America in 75 , and became a deputy sur

r I v eyo general of the Province of Pennsylvania . n 1 774 , he was a member of the first Convention in New Jersey that issued a declaration of rights against the 1 aggression of the Crown , and , in 775, a delegate to its first Provincial Congress . He was Colonel of the

first New Jersey Regiment of Minute Men , then of 2 n d 1 a the New Jersey Regiment , and , in 777, was p pointed by Congress Commissary General o i Issues in the Continental Army , serving as such on Wash ’ i n to n s S ff - . 1 8 8 g ta until the close of the War In 7 4 5, h e was a Representative from New Jersey in Con gress . S wa s 1 Colonel Walter tewart born in 756 . H e Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

h n a i n ra ised a company of t e 3rd Pen sylvania Batt l o , n n i n 1 6 a t a d was commissioned Cap tai 77 , being p

- - a r p ointed aid de camp to Genera l Ga te s the same ye . In 1 777 he was promoted Co l on el of th e Pennsylvania le i a t w Ger State Regiment , and d t Brandy ine and m n o w n i n 1 8 h th e i a a t . He retired 7 3 wit rank of Br g d - w a s s b e th e n ma n ier General , and aid to ha dsomest r H e w a a s d of in the American A my . s per onal frien n h o s a oi George Washing to , w p re ented miniature ’ himself set in diamond s to G eneral Stewart s daughter, r ch on the occasion of he marriag e to Judge Chur . Maj or John Stewart of the Maryland troops di s in ui sh ed th s f n t g himself at e torming o Stony Poi t, th one of the most brilliant events of th e War . At e head of one hundred men wh o had volunteered fo r

a the desperate assault , Major Stewart fought his w y F w a en into the ort with the bayonet . It s half past elev a t night when the A mericans commenced their silent F A 1 h m . 1 t e s h arch towards the ort _ dog in the neig b o rh o o d d a r had been killed the y before , that thei m barking ight not give notice of strangers near . The Americans were undiscovered until within pistol shot of the enemy pickets up on the heights , when the silence r was broken by the roll of drum , the rattle of musket y, and the roar of cannon charged with the deadly grape

s . hot In the face of this terrible storm , the little band

‘ of volunteers forced their way at the point of the bayo n et h until they reached the center of the works , and t e a s F ort w taken . A silver medal wa s voted by Co n gress to Maj or Stewart . The meda l represents Amer n h ica , personified by an Indian Quee , w o is presenting

' a S . palm branch to Major tewart The legend is , ‘ o an ni S C o h o rti s P ra efecto J tewart , Comitia Ameri c . s e ana On the reverse is a fortres on an eminenc , an o fc r in the foreground fi e cheering on his men . H e 88 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

also r ec ei v ed th e thanks of the Maryland Legislature .

Later he commanded a Corp s of Light Infantry , and

l A 1 8 a d on 3 st ugust , 77 h a severe engagement at ’ Indian F ield with Colonel Emmenck s command . Major Stewart was killed by a fall from his horse at S Charleston , outh Carolina . S Captain John tewart was born at Londonderry ,

N a m s hire 1 F New p , in 74 5, and enlisted in the rench and Indian War when only fourteen years of age . He took part in the fight with Indians at Oriskany , and was at the taking of Montreal in 1 760 . He served a under Gener l Montgomery , being at the second cap 1 ture of Montreal in 775, and through the Revolution

M r ck en c C a . ary War under Colonel It is said , that “ after the War he refused a pension , saying, I want ” no pay for having served my country . H e died at 1 82 Middleburg , Vermont , 9 Ten of the then thirteen S tates are represented in f the Continental Army by O ficers of the family name ,

: viz Delaware , Massachusetts , New York , North Caro lina , Pennsylvania , Connecticut , New Jersey , Virginia ,

Maryland , New Hampshire . f In addition to the O ficers in the Continental Army, the famil y was equally well represented in the other

ff i n troops of di erent States . It is not possible to make dividual mention of each hardy hero of the name w ho

th e braved horrors of that memorable War , and shared the honor of the ultimate victory . There were 2 2 9 the S S soldiers of name of tewart , teuart and Stuart from the one Colony of Massachusetts alone ' And from each of the thirteen States th e men of the old

. h Clan came forth to battle Mention may , owever , be

th e m n h made of following, who , a o g ot ers of the f a n d s name , served as O ficers in the Militia Levie

: S of the States Colonel Charles tewart . New Jersey

90 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

S En Ensign Joseph tewart , Massachusetts Militia ; S -a t sign Joseph tewart, New York Militia ; Master

S . Arms David tewart , Massachusetts Before the commencement of the War of the Revo “ luti o n S , the Brig Peggy tewart arrived at Annapolis , 1 th 1 on s October , 774 , from England , with an assorted

. S cargo Anthony tewart, the owner of the brig, was one of the signers of the non -imp ortation agreement entered into by the Maryland Association ; but in order to land the rest of the cargo he paid the duty on the tea . The people were indignant at what they considered his treason and defiance . Stewart was

ff . very contrite , and o ered to burn the tea publicly f S r His of er was refused , as it was desired that tewa t , as a recreant Associator should be more severly pun “ h ed i s . It was demanded that the brig Peggy Stew ” S art, itself should be burned , and tewart , seeing there was no escape , burnt the brig with his own hands , his wife Peggy , for whom the brig was named , watch ing the flames from her chamber window . The member of the family whose name is most prominent in connection with the War of 1 8 1 2 was “ ”

S . Rear Admiral Charles tewart , Old Ironsides He 2 2 n d 1 6 . was born in Philadelphia on the July , 77 His father came to America at an early age , and was , later , in the merchant service . Charles was the young o i est eight children , and at the age of thirteen went i as cabin boy in a merchant ship , rising rap dly to

. 1 8 the command of an Indiaman In March , 79 , he was commissioned Lieutenant in the United States

Navy, and made his first cruise under Commodore F . 1 80 0 Barney , operating against rench privateers In , he was appointed to the command of the armed “ Schooner , Experiment , and cruised in the West I f ndies where he rendered e ficient service , cap turing Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 91

F ” ” the rench schooner , Deux Amis , and the Diana ; besides recapturing a number of American vessels 1 8 2 . 0 which had been taken by the privateers In , he “ ” s erved as executive of the frigate Constellation , - 1 80 blockading Tripoli , but returned in 3 and was “ ” placed in command of the brig Siren . In this vessel he was engaged in the expedition to destroy the frigate Philadelphia an d susequently in the siege 1 80 6 of Tripoli . In , he was made Captain , and , in “ ” 1 81 2 , took command of the frigate Constellation , and assisted in defending the coast from English a t 1 8 1 tacks . In December, 3, he sailed in command of “ ” h e t frigate Constitution , in which he took the “ ” “ British ships Cyane and Levant . He and his b “ ” prizes were chased y the British ships Leander , “ ” “ ” Newcastle and A lca s ter and the Levant was S retaken , but tewart and his other prize escaped . One “ ” of the British ships , the Newcastle of fifty guns was in command of another member of the family , ’ Lord George Stuart . On Charles Stewart s return to

America he was received with the highest honors , a gold medal was ordered to be struck by Congress , and the Legislature of Pennsylvania presented him with a gold handled sword . He also received the

F reedom of the City New York . It was from his “ S ff ship , the Constitution that tewart was a ection “ ” ately known as Old Ironsides . After the War he was placed in command of the Franklin and was later employed ashore in the naval service of his coun

. S i n 1 8 6 try H e was retired as enior Commodore 5 , 1 6 1 862 and , on th July , , was commissioned Rear A d miral , after which he was on waiting orders until

1 86 . his death in 9 An anonymous poet wrote of him ,

y o u S Oh oft may meet with brave tewart, The tar with the free and true heart ; 92 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly

A bright welcome smile , and a soul free from guile , ’ ”

S . You ll find in the hero , Charles tewart s His daughter , Delia Tudor Stewart, married Charle

Henry Parnell , and became the mother of Charles h S t e . tewart Parnell , Irish Home Rule leader The following other members of the family served as Officers of the military forces of the United States 1 8 1 2 during the War of ; Captain Rufus Stewart , S ’ Vermont ; Captain James tuart , Tennessee ; Captain

S Steu Thomas tuart , Tennessee ; Lieutenant William Ma z la n d S art, y ; Lieutenant Alexander tuart, Mary S 1 th land ; Lieutenant Charles tewart , s New York S 2 2 n d Infantry ; Lieutenant James tewart , Infantry ; S Lieutenant William tewart , Kentucky ; Lieutenant

S . John Stewart , outh Carolina ; Lieutenant James M S S tewart , Pennsylvania ; Lieutenant Robert tewart ,

5 . S Delaware ; Lieutenant Charles tuart , Pennsylvania S Lieutenant Rice L . tewart , Kentucky ; Lieutenant S S John tewart , Pennsylvania ; urgeon James V . Stew S ’ S art , Pennsylvania ; urgeon s Mate Abraham tewart ,

Massachusetts .

Wa r 1 8 6- 1 8 8 In the with Mexico , 4 4 , the family was again well represented among the O fficers engaged

- S Lieutenant Colonel Adam D . teuart , Virginia, bre v etted Lieutenant- Colonel for meritorious conduct ’ while servi ng in the enemy s country ; Captain James S S F tuart , outh Carolina , brevetted irst Lieutenant for gallant and meritorious conduct in the Battles of

a n d Contreras Churubusco , and Captain for gallant and meritorious conduct in the Battle of Chapultepec ; m u . S Captain Ja es E te art , Maryland ; Captain Benj a

F . S F min tewart , Kentucky ; Captain George . Stew i R l R h . S art , Mississipp if es ; Captain ic ard A tewart ,

Louisiana ; Captain Robert M . Stewart Missouri ;

. S Captain William W tewart, Louisiana ; Cap Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 93

S tain Robert W . tewart, Louisiana ; Lieutenant

. S . James M tuart , Michigan ; Lieutenant William P S . S Stewart , Ohio ; Lieutenant John W tewart , outh

“ Carolina ; Lieutenant George C . Stewart , Arkansas ; F . S Lieutenant D M . tewart lorida ; Lieutenant James

S . E . Stewart , Mississippi Rifles ; Lieutenant amuel D

S . S tuart , Ohio ; Lieutenant John W tewart , Missis S sippi Rifles Lieutenant Alexander tewart , Arkansas ;

Lieutenant James M . Stewart , Missouri ; Lieutenant

S . Joseph tewart . Kentucky ; Lieutenant George H S Steuart , Maryland , and of the Confederate tates Army in the Civil War ; Lieutenant and Paymaster

S . Josephus B . Stuart, Kentucky ; urgeon James D

S e . tuart, K ntucky Political strife had for many years been un d ermi n S ing the ties connecting the North and outh , and h e 1 86 1 e S before t New Year of had commenc d , outh

Carolina had declared its independence , the other S S outhern tates in turn seceding, until North and S outh were op enly arrayed against each other . The F S 1 2 th 1 86 1 first shell at ort umter , on the of April , , was the signal for the commencementof four years of internecine strife and Civil War . The O fficial Records of the Union and Confederate Armies contain 3 1 2 references to the name of Stew S u S art , te art and tuart , but as , in a great number of

s instances , everal of the same given name are covered d by one reference , this figu re oes not correctly denote

n . F the total number of the name e rolled urther , many of the States and Territories to whom no quotas were

assigned furnished troops , and many men were eu o n ho rolled s rt enlistments . Among O fficers of the family name in the United States A rm during the Civil War were : Brigadier

m - S r . General Ja es tewart , J ; Brigadier General Will 94 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a muy

- S . S v iam tewart , bre etted Brigadier General for gal lant and meritorious service during the War ; Briga

- W . S dier General illiam W tewart , brevetted Colonel of Volunteers for gallant conduct at the Battles of the Wilderness and S potsylvania and Brigadier- General for gallant conduct at the Battle . of North Anna ;

- Brigadier General David Stuart ; Colonel Charles S . Stewart ; Colonel James Stewart ; Lieutenant - Colonel

. S t Adam D euart , also served in the War with Mexico ;

- S r . Lieutenant Colonel Andrew tewart , J , brevetted Maj or for gallant and meritorious service at Plymouth and Lieutenant - Colonel for meritorious service during

- the War ; Lieutenant Colonel Isaac S . Stewart ; Lieu — n tenant Colonel William D . Stewart ; Maj or Lyma

S . . S S Y . tuart ; Maj or R T tewart ; Maj or Charles tew art , brevetted for faithful and meritorious ser S f vice ; M ajor John tewart , brevetted for e ficient and faithful service during the Atlanta Camp aign ; Major

S . James H . tewart ; Captain William J Stewart ; Cap tain Charles Stewart ; Captain William H . Stewart ; F Captain rederick V . Stewart ; Paymaster William H .

a - Steuart ; Ch plain Isaac I . Stewart ; Assistant Adj u

- S tant General Andrew tewart, was confined in Libby, S Macon , and other outhern prisons for over a year . the Volunteering obtained , in the North , until late in third year of the War, and large numbers were raised

S . in the tates and Territories In the third year , the ff draft also went into e ect in most of the States . I n cluded i n the List of Field O fficers of these forces a re the names of several of the family , among whom are :

. S Colonel Charles E tuart , Michigan ; Colonel Warren S Stewart , Illinois ; Colonel Elias tuart , Illinois ; Col o n el S I James tuart , llinois ; Colonel Charles H . Stew S art , New York ; Colonel Charles B . tuart, New York

- F . S P enns Lieutenant Colonel ranklin B tewart, yl Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 95

- P en n s l vania ; Lieutenant Colonel Charles Stewart , y

- vania ; Lieutenant Colonel Milton Stewart , West Vir

- S ginia ; Lieutenant Colonel James W . tewart , Indi

- S ana ; Lieutenant Colonel Owen tuart , Illinois ; Lieu

- L i u ten t . e tenan Colonel Robert R Stewart , Indiana ;

- . S ; ant Colonel Chapman J tuart , West Virginia Major S S . Joseph M . tuart , Ohio ; Maj or Gordon A tewart,

Ohio ; Major S amuel B . Stewart , Illinois ; Major Israel

t . . S W . Stewart , Missouri ; Maj or Robert E ewart , U

S . S . Colored Infantry ; Maj or John W . tewart , Illinois S With the Light Batteries were , Captain Arthur tuart , ’ i Stuart s B attery , Pennsylvania Militia and Capta n

rd S . William tuart , 3 New York Battery B rigadier - General David Stuart of the United States

1 8 1 6 . re Army was born in Brooklyn , New York , H e

la w moved to Detroit , Michigan , where he practiced , and was a Democratic Representative in the 33rd Con

1 - 1 8 l 8 . gress , 53 55 He removed to Chicago and , on 3 st 1 1 h 86 . t October , , was commissioned Colonel of the 55

- Illinois Volunteers . He was given command of the ’ zu d S 1 862 Brig ade , herman s Division , in , and at the S Battle of hiloh was stationed on the extreme left , and

severely wounded in the left shoulder . In Novem 1 862 S ber , , Colonel tuart was nominated Brigadier l th S ’ Genera , and commanded the 4 Brigade , mith s w Division , succeeding to the command hen General

S . mith was wounded at Chickasaw B ayou Later , he t i n commanded a Division , and took importan part 1 86 . the cap ture of Arkansas Post , in 3

S . S n Colonel Charles tewart, great gra dson of Rear S 1 82 Admiral Charles tewart , was graduated in 3 from

d S i A c a d em ” the Unite tates Mil tary , where he was

1 8 - 5 . w a s Assistant Professor of Engineering , 49 4 He m n n e 1 8 ade Lieutenant of the Corps of E gi ers in 53, 1 8 1 8 and as Assistant Engineer from 54 to 57, and then 96 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

S r e as uperintending Engineer, se ved in the constru 1 86 1 tion of the defenses of Boston Harbor until . 1 In 860 he was promoted Captain . During the Civil

War he served in. the Corps of Engineers , was made 1 86 Major in 3, and was Chief Engineer of the Middle 1 1 Military Division in 864 and 865. H e was promoted - 1 8 2 1 86 8 . Lieutenant Colonel in 7, and Colonel in In the sister branch of the Union F orces the family was also well represented ; among the officers serving in the United States Navy during the Civil War, being

- Rear Admiral Charles Stewart , the hero of the War 1 8 1 2 2 1 5 t 1 862 of , who retired December , and died

1 86 - November, 9 ; Rear Admiral and Paymaster Gen F eral Edwin Stewart ; Lieutenant rederick D . Stuart ; Gunner Charles Stuart ; Gunner Thomas Stewart ; En

. S sign Charles A . Stewart ; Ensign David A tewart -A d Midshipman Daniel D . V . Stuart afterwards Rear miral Master and Pilot William Stewart ; Mate James

M . Stewart ; Engineer Henry V . Stewart ; Engineer F . S . S . Charles A tuart ; Engineer rederick D tuart , Jr

Engineer Alexander C . Stuart ; Engineer William M .

' S r S P a . tewa t ; Engineer Albert tewart ; master A . Murray Stewart ; Paymaster Charles Stewart ; Chap S lain William H . tewart ; Chaplain Charles S . Stewart . Paymaster - General Edwin Stewart was born in New 1 8 York City in 37. While studying law he was a p pointed Assistant Paymaster in the Navy in Septem

1 86 1 . 1 862 ber , In , he was promoted to the grade of ym “ Pa aster , and ordered to the Richmond in the

S A n S h e outh tla tic quadron , to which ship was a t ta ch ed durin g the three most eventful years of h er career . At the end of the War he was as s igned to th e a 1 86 duty on L kes , and from 9 he was three vea rs

f I n 1 in charg e of the Purchasing Pay O fice . 880 h e P a v 1 8 was commissioned Inspector . and in 90 became

98 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

2 th 1 862 . Major General on the s July , On the open y ing of hostilities he j oined Johnston in the Valle , and impressed him with a high opinion of his abilities . At Manassas he charged and broke a regiment of Z ouaves , and protmected the rear of the army when Johnston retired , arching and countermarching in such a way as to make the impression that the cavalry was twice as many as they really were . At Bull Run he did much to give the victory to the Confederates ,

D ea n es ville 2 th 1 86 1 and at the Battle of , 4 December , , was in command of four regiments of infantry . In 1 862 e June , , Stuart conducted the r connaissance to ’ Mc Clella n s Chi cka the rear of army, known as the hominy Raid , and in August took an active and brill i a n t part in the seven days fight at Richmond . He made another daring expedition , crossing the Rappa ’ h a nn o ck and raiding General Pope s camp and the F ederal depot at Manassas , capturing a large number of prisoners and booty . After much valuable service S at the second Battle of Bull Run and at harpsburg, S General tuart , at the head of picked Cavalry , conducted the celebrated raid on Chambersburg, in which he capt ured 30 United States Government o th

i ls 2 8 n d c a 6 a . , prisoners horses At Chancellors S ville , General tuart personally led the charge that resulted in carrying Hazel Green Ridge , the strategic “ c r — point , his battle y being , Charge and remember ” n Jackso . He was mortally wounded in the cavalry

fight at Yellow Tavern , but continued urg ing on his ' men , who were retreating , Go back Go back ' I ” had rather die than be whipped . These words of soldierly entreaty were the last he uttered on the battle

. 1 2 field He died at Richmond , Virginia , on th June , “ ”

1 86 . . . S 4 In person , General J E . B tuart , Jeb , was of medium height , broad and powerful ; he wore a Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 99

h i s e heavy brown beard flowing upon breast , a hug ’w ue moustache with ends curling up ards , and the bl eyes had at times the dazzling brilliancy attributed us to the eyes of an eagle . Young, ard ent, ambitio , w w th as brave as steel , ready ith jest or laughter , i st h i s banj o player following him , going into the hotte was i n fight humming a song , this young Virginian ed truth an original character . To him , the war seem him to be a S plendid and exciting game . He swung u the self into the saddle at the sound of the b gle , as

. o hunter springs on horseback S this j oyous cavalier, a with his floating plume and splendid laughter , p ni p ea red upon the great arena of the war in Virgi a . “ w ca n Lee said hen he was mortally wounded , I ” y er scarcel think of him without weeping , and a gen S S A ous foe , General edg wick of the United tates rmy , “S f d said , tuart is the best Cavalry O ficer ever foale

' ” in North America .

- Lieutenant General Alexander P . Stewart was born 1 82 1 h at Rogersville , Tennessee , , a descendant of t e main line of the family . H e graduated from the S 1 8 2 e United tates Military Academy in 4 , but resign d his commission in 1 845. H e j oined the Confederate 1 86 1 Army in as Major of Artillery , and was promoted

i - Br gadier General in November of the same year . Upon S h the disablement of General Charl es Clark at hiloh , e the si succeeded to the command of Divi on . He co m ’ ma n d ed 2 n d C the Brigade , heatham s Di vision , a t i ’ ‘

S . w a Perryville , and at tone s River He s p ro mo ted - ‘ 1 86 Maj or General in June , 3, commanding a Division during the Chattanooga Campaign . Promotionto Lieu

- c o m tenant General followed , with the ma iid of the

the e t Army of Mississippi , which subsequ nly became ’ ‘ known a s Stewart s Corps . H e was in the Atlanta 1 86 ' Campaign in 4 , in the Battles of Peach Tree Creek 1 00 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

’ and Mount Ezra , in Hood s Campaign into Tennessee , and commanded his corps in the B attles of F ranklin

and Nashville . After the retreat from Nashville and S retirement of General Hood , General tewart com ma n d ed the Army of Tennessee , which fought the ’ F Battle of Cole s arm .

- S w a s Brigadier General George H . teuart a native 1 2 ra dua t n 8 8 . of Maryland , bor at Baltimore in On g ing from the United States Military Academy , he was n commissioned Second Lieutenant in 1 848 . He the s o n erved frontier duty , and on the march through

- 1 8 8 . Texas , 4 49 He served in the Cheyenne Expedi

1 8 6 1 8 8 . tion , 5 , and the Utah Expedition , 5 On the 1 86 1 o utbreak of the Civil War in , he resigned his

m o e com ission and j ined the Confederat Army, in which he was commissioned Lieutenant- Colonel in

June , and promoted Colonel in July of the same year .

- 1 862 . He was made Brigadier General in March , Gen e ral Steuart led the Cavalry with General Jackson in 1 862 the advance upon General Banks in May , , and was subsequently in command of an Infantry B rigade . K He was wounded at Cross eys , Virginia , in May, ' 1 862 Cul ts , participated in the attack on p Hill , Gettys 1 86 burgh , July , 3, and occupied the right parallel of “ ” the Confederate center, known as the Bloody Angle ,

- h 1 at the Battle o i t e in 864 . After being ‘ Wilderness taken p ri soner and exchanged he took part in the

l « f an d F F B a tt es o S potsylvania ive orks .

( 02 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly F ive members of the family have been Governors of

States . Robert Marcellus Ste-wart was twelfth Governor of M 1 8 1 1 Trux issouri from 57 to 86 . H e was born at

1 2 1 8 1 . ( on , New York , on th March , 5 After being a 1 8 8 dmitted to the bar , he went , in 3 , to Buchanan

County , Missouri , and on the resignation of Governor 1 8 Polk in 57, was elected Governor after the closest

t . co ntest ever known in the State . He died at S

s 1 8 1 Joseph , Mi souri in 7 . Th e next member of the family to be elected to the fi ofce of Governor was John W . Stewart , who was Governor of the State of Vermont for the term 1 870

to 1 8 2 . S 7 He was a native of the tate , having been

- a born t Middlebury .

fl

Edwin S . Stuart was Governor of Pennsylvania 1 1 1 from 90 7 until 1 9 . He was born at Philadelphia i n 1 853 . S The present Governor of Montana , amuel Vernon 1 8 2 Stewart , was born in Monroe County , Ohio , in 7 . 1 1 n H e was elected in 9 3 , and has si ce been elected for 1 1 1 2 1 a second term , 9 7 to 9 . 1 Henry C . Stuart was Governor of Virginia from 1 9 4

to 1 1 8 . 1 8 9 He was born at Wytheville , Virginia , in 55, a nd is descended from Archibald Stuart who came 1 2 6 t . . o . . S this country in 7 General J E B tuart , the celebrated Confederate cavalry leader was of the same family . The family has been represented in both Houses o fCongress . S 1 80 0 a David tewart , born at Baltimore in , w s United States Senator from Maryland to the 3 l s t

Congress . After serving as member of the House of Rep resen

' o th 2 nd s tativ es in the 3 to 3 Congre ses Charles E . Stuart Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly 1 03 wa s United States Senator from Michigan to the 33rd to 35th Congresses . S William M . tewart served in fifteen Congresses 8th rd as Senator from Nevada , namely in the 3 to 43 N ew and in the 5oth to 58th Congresses . A native of

York State , he moved to Virginia City , Nevada , in

1 860 .

1 8 - 8 In the Continental Congress , 7 4 5, the family was represented by Archibald Stewart as Delegate from New Jersey The following have serv ed as Members of the House of Representatives : S 6th th John tewart , from Pennsylvania , to the , 7 8 S and th Congresses ; Philip tuart , from Maryland , to 1 2 t 1 S the h to 5th Congresses ; James tewart , from 1 th S North Carolina , to the s Congress ; Andrew tew 1 2 0 th 2 2 n d art , from Pennsylvania , to the 7th to , and

2 rd 2 8th S 3 , and to 3oth Congresses ; Archibald tuart, h 2 t . S t from Virginia , to the 5 Congress ; John T tuar , 2 6th 2 th 8th C from Illinois , to the , 7 and 3 ongresses ;

. 2 h . S t Alexander H H tuart , from Virginia , to the 7

S o f 1 8 0 Congress , and also ecretary the Interior from 5 1 8 S 2 8th to 53 John tewart , from Connecticut , to the S Congress ; Charles E . tuart , from Michigan , to the 2 md S 3oth and 3 Congresses ; Andrew tuart , from Ohio ,

r d to the 33 Congress ; David Stuart , from Michigan ,

r d r . S to the 33 Cong ess ; James A tewart , from Mary th 6th S land , to the 34 to 3 Congresses ; William tewart ,

P en n s r l v a n i a th 6th from , to the 3s and 3 Congresses

. S Thomas E tewart , from New York , to the 4oth Con

. S th gress ; Jacob H tewart , from Minnesota , to the 4 s S Congress ; Charles tewart , from Texas , to the 48th 2 md . S to 5 Congresses ; John W tewart , from Vermont, 8th l st to the 4 to s Congresses , and Governor of the S S . tate ; John D tewart . from Georgia , to the so th a nd 1 04 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

1 5 t s Congresses ; Andrew Stewart , from Pennsylvania , 2 nd S to the 5 Congress ; Alexander tewart , from Wis

th th F . consin , to the 54 and 55 Congresses ; James S th th tewart , from New Jersey , to the s4 to 57 Con

res s es n . g ; and Joh K Stewart, from New York , to 6th t the 5 and 57 h Congresses . 66th Connected with the Congress, now in session , ’ . S S e are the names of Charles W tewart , up rintendent , f “ O fice of Naval Records and Library , Author; of The ” “ ” “ ea S St . S Mississippi River , Louis to the , The tars

S . S S and tripes William M teuart, ecretary of the

“

ff s . S U . S . Tari Commis ion ; Charles A tewart , f th e C Chief Clerk , o fice of the Controller of urrency ; S Charles E . tewart , Chief Clerk , Department of Jus i . S t ce ; George C tewart , Receiving Clerk , General f S S the Land O fice ; Joseph tewart, pecial Assistant to f Attorney General , Post O fice Department . o The st ry of the romantic journey of Robert Stuart,

. t one of the early explorers , is told in Washing on ’ “ ” Irving s Astoria . Stuart was a native of Callender, 1 80 1 8 1 0 S cotland and came to this country in 7 . In

he went out as one of the founders of Astoria , Oregon , and when it became necessary to communicate with 1 1 2 . 8 the Atlantic Coast , he set out , in June , , with five

St . men across the continent , reaching Louis after

. a s eleven months of travel and adventure Later , Com

missioner for the Indians , his consideration and kind “ ” ness earned him the title of The friend of the Indian .

- His son , David , is mentioned as Brigadier General

in the Civil War . o S An ther Pioneer of the West , Granville tuart , born 1 8 near Clarksburg , Virginia , in 34 , went overland to 1 8 2 California in 5 , returning east on horseback in

1 8 . 57 He again went into the Rocky Mountain s , with hi s brother James , p rospecting for gold mines , and fo r

1 06 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

”

. S e ton University , and the Robert L tuart colle tion of rare books , prints and manuscripts in the New York Public Library is a memorial of her late hus

. S 1 8 1 band Mrs tuart died in 9 . S S Alvan tewart , the reformer, was born at outh 1 0 Granville , New York in 79 . H e devoted the greater part of his life to the temperance and anti—slavery 1 8 causes , and died in 49 . Members of the family have from early days been i prom nent in the educational work of the country , among those notable being S Moses tuart was born at Wilton , Connecticut , in

1 80 1 . 7 , and graduated at Yale in 799 He was ordained as successor of Dr . Dana over the Central Church ,

1 80 6 1 8 1 0 A n New Haven , in , but, in , removed to

S . dover as Professor of acred Literature , where he passed the remainder of his life . He was a preacher f r - - o . forty seven years , and a teacher for forty one Among Professor Stuart ’ s writings are Commentaries ” on Hebrews , many theological works , and a Hebrew

1 8 2 . Grammar . H e died in 5 His son , Isaac William S 1 80 tuart , born 9, was Professor of Greek and Latin in S the College of outh Carolina , and the author of a “Life of Nathan Hale and “Hartford in the Olden ” Time .

. S Philo P tewart , founder of Oberlin College , was

1 8. born at Sherman , Connecticut , in 79 At the age of thirty -three he became a missionary to the Choctaw 1 2 hi 8 . h d . . . S er Indians In 3 , he j oined the Rev J J p at

Elyria , and the result of their endeavors , is Oberlin 1 880 College . Nearly fifty years later , in , the boarding Hall was named Stewart Hall ” in memory of its

1 868 . founder , who died in

S . S . 1 Dr Richard teuart , born at Baltimore in 797, 1 82 8 Ma r la n was , in , elected President of the v d Ho s Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly 1 07

pital for the Insane , and was one of the most noted alienists of his time . D D . . The Reverend Robert Stewart , was born at 1 8 Sidney , Ohio , in 39, and ordained in the United

Presbyterian Ministry in 1 866 . He became Theolog ical Professor in 1 881 and Principal of the Theological

Seminary of the Punj ab , India . S 1 8 Born at Glasgow , cotland , in 53, Reverend

D D . . S . Charles M tuart , was ordained in the Metho

‘ 1 880 . 1 1 1 . S dist Ep iscopal Ministry in In 9 , Dr tuart

was elected President of Garrett Biblical Institute ,

I . Evanston , llinois He published , The Manifold Mes ” “ ” o f S sage the Bible ; tory of the Masterpieces , and

other theological works . S n George N tewart , Professor of Experime tal Medi

cine , Western Reserve University , was born at Lon i n 8 0 1 6 . don , Canada ,

S . S . S S Joseph tewart , Professor of econdary Educa

' o i tion , University Georgia , was born at Oxford ,

1 86 . Georgia , 3

. . S Dr George D tewart , born Malagash , Cumberland , 1 62 . S . 8 o N , , was app inted Professor of Anatomy at o Bellevue H spital , New York , and is part author of

the Gerrish Text Book of Anatomy .

. S Oscar M tewart , Assistant Professor of Physics

w a s N i o sh o University of Missouri , born at , Missouri 1 in 869 .

. S Professor Duane R tuart was born at Oneida , Illi

nois . He was appointed Professor of Classics , Prince “ ton University i n 1 90 7 and is the author of The

Germania of Tacitus and other works .

r . S n w a s Hen y W tuart , bor at Oakland , California , , 1 0 in 9 9 , appointed Professor of Philosophy at Leland

S . . tanford , Jr University S S Colin Campbell tewart , born at Owen ound , O u 1 08 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t F a mi ly

1 8 tario , in 73 became Professor of Physiology, Dart mouth College .

o f S George W . Stewart , Professor Physics , tate

i n 1 8 6 . U St. niversity of Iowa , was born at Louis , 7 S F o Cora Wilson tewart , ounder of Mo nlight S F 1 8 chools , was born at armers , Kentucky in 75, and is author of the Bill creating the first Illiteracy Com

i n h e m s s m . S has written several works on educational subj ects . William Rhinelander Stewart has taken a p’romin ent part i n the establishment of the New York State

Agricultural and Industrial School for boys , the New York Training S chool for boys and other educational

8 2 . work . He was born in New York City in 1 5 “ t A good book may be as grea a thing as a battle ,

s . aid Disraeli In addition to those already mentioned , a goodly number of members of the family have made a noteworthy contribution to American literature and art .

Mc En er S Va sh Ruth y tuart , author of George V ” “ ” “ ” “ i n gto n Jones ; Sonny ; A Golden Wedding ; The ” “ ” Haunted Photograph ; Holly and B izen ; The S Cocoon and many stories of outhern life , was born 1 860 at Avoyelles Parish , Louisiana , in , and died in 1 1 9 7.

. S F e Charles D tewart , of Chicago, wrote The ug itiv ” “ Blacksmith ; Partners of Providence F inerty of

S a n dh o u s e the and other similar books . S “ Mary Allan tuart , author of , The Long Pack ” “ Reformation of Peggy P a yd i e ; The Land of Prom 1 881 i , . se was born at New Haven Connecticut , in “ ” John A . Steuart is author of In the Day of Battle ; ” “ ” “ Kilg ro o m ; The Minister of State ; Wine in the ” Lees .

1 1 0 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly Wh sion of the latter Church . He is author of y ” “ Baptize Babies ; The Colours of the Republic and many contributions to Church Magazines . “ Charles M . Stuart published The Manifold Mes ” “ sage of the Gospel ; Charles Josep h Little S George tuart was born at Saratoga , New York, 1 8 about 34 , and published , with Professor Chase , the “Chase and Stuart Classical S eries ” of elementary ’ Latin books . Also School editions of Caesar s Gallic ” “ ’ ” War ; Cicero s S elect Orations ; and works of S a l lust , Tacitus , Cornelius Nepos , Virgil and Ovid . S Judd tewart was born at Lawrence , Kansas , in

1 86 . 7, and is author of Pamphlets on Abraham Lincoln His collection of Lincolniana is the most complete in existence . A memoir of Gilbert Stuart the famous portrait painter is contained in Chapter V . S a James Everett tuart , L ndscape Painter , was born 1 8 2 v in Maine , in 5 , and disco ered a process of paint ing upon aluminum . He was awarded a M edal by the American Art Society of Philadelphia for his painting of Mt . Hood .

. S Julius L tewart , artist , was born at Philadelphia 1 8 in 55 and awarded M edals at Antwerp , Berlin and ’ f d H o n n eur Paris , being made o ficer of the Legion , 1 1 90 . S Humphrey John tewart , Musician and Composer ,

1 8 6 . was born at London , England , in 5 His compo “ ” “ s i i o n s t include , His Maj esty , comic opera ; The “ ” Conspirators comic opera ; Montezuma orchestral “ ” “ suite ; The Nativity , oratorio King Hal romantic opera ; Mass in G ; and numerous songs , pianoforte and violin pieces , and Church music . S William tuart , Theatrical Manager and Journalist, 1 82 1 was born in Galway , Ireland , . H e was educated Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 1 1

at Eton , became interested in Irish politics , and was 1 8 2 elected to Parliament . In 5 , he was appointed

Commissioner of the Income Tax , but two years later , bec o ming p’e cuniarily embarrassed by election ex n pe ses , and losses on the Turf, he made his way to a P ris and thence to New York , where he gained a

a reputation as dramatic critic . He became theatrical manager in Washington and Philadelphia , and then lessee of the Garden Theatre in New York ‘Winter n City , where Booth , Boucicault and Agnes Robertso were introduced to the p ublic . After the burning of 1 86 the Winter Garden , in 7, he was associated with 6 1 88 . Lester Wallack , and died in New York , in S Anita tewart , the Motion Picture star, claimed that was the minimum weekly salary to which she was entitled .

Z uri a h A remarkable member of the family , Stew o f S art , widow David tewart , died at Kingwood , New 1 8 Jersey , in 43, aged one hundred and three . By her O d ck e first husband , named p y , she had eleven chil h e 8 r 1 . S 80 dren left 4 g and children , great grand

- - children , and 39 great great grandchildren . CHAPTER VI I I .

ANY titles of nobility have at difi erent

periods of British history, been held by

members of the family , and at the present

time six peers bear the family name . o n The head of the noble house of Gall way , Ra dolph 1 1 th a l oth Henry Stewart, Earl of G lloway , Baronet

o rsew ell 8 Ent 1 8 6 of C and th of ray, was born in 3 , and succeeded to the title in 1 90 1 . The heir to the c Earldom bears the courtesy title of Lord Garli s , and

. m l C umlo d en the principal fa i y seats are , Wigtown

Tro o l c shire , and Glen Lodge and Garli s Lodge , Kirk

h hi re c u db rig ts . S The present Earl of Moray is Morton Gray tuart , 1 S 7th Earl , who is also Lord Abernethy , trathearn , t S . S Doune , and Colme , and Baron tuart of Castle 1 8 1 0 . Stuart . He was born in 55, and succeeded in 9 9

There have been repeated Earldoms of Moray, some from Celtic times . The first Earl of the present series

S St . was a son of James V , James tewart , Prior of S Andrews , Regent of cotland , who was assassinated 1 u d 0 . z in 57 His daughter married the Lord Doune , and the husband became 2 n d Earl of Moray in right of his wife . The first Lord Doune was Si r James

S . tewart of Doune The principal family seats are , D a rna w a El i nshire s y Castle , g ; Castle Stuart, Inverne s shire ; and Doune Lodge , Perthshire . The present Earl Castle Stewart is Andrew John

S 6th 1 2 th . tuart, Earl and Baronet He is also Vis S S r count Castle tuart and Baron Castle tua t , and w a s 1 8 1 1 1 born in 4 , succeeding to the title in 9 4 . The

1 1 2

1 1 4 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t o r S tua r t F a mi ly

’ b u t a mo n i extinct , g those still existing the follow ng may be mentioned . The ancient Clan Appin and the famil y of A rd sh ea l

w a w h o are now represented by Robert Bruce Ste rt ,

1 86 1 8 0 . was born in 3 , and succeeded his father in 9

e A r d s h ea l H e is ther fore the present head of Appin , and the Stewarts of Lorn . The head of the family of Steuart of B a ll ech i n is

a e 1 John M lcolm Steuart St uart who was b o rn in 863 .

B a llech i n The family seats are , Ballinluig and Inver

I I o u s e .

W S 1 8 re re illiam tewart , born in 59 , is the present p s en ta ti v e th e A rd v o i rli ch a n d of ancient family of , the

a A rd v o i r li ch L o ch ea rn h ea cl t ancestral se t is , Per hshire . The head of the branch of A u c hlu n k a rt and Ta n

F D a v S 1 8 8 o f achie is William rancis teuart , born 5 ,

h l nk a rt ff A u c u . , Ban shire

S 1 2 th A ch n a c o n e Alexander Kenneth tewart , of was

1 2 h n o e born in 85 and succeeded his brother . A c a c n

i ' ll h i r s e . the fam ly seat is in App in , Arg The ancient fa mi l v of C a s tl emilk is now represen t ed by William James C ra w fur d Stirling - Stuart who was

1 8 . C a s tlemi lk born in 54 The ancestral seat is , Ruth

l n er e . g , Glasgow F ifth Baronet and head of the branch of Allanton , Si r S - S 1 8 Douglas Archibald eton teuart was born in 57, 1 and succeeded his brother in 1 9 3 . The head of the family is Hereditary Armour Bearer and Squire of

a ‘ r the Royal Bod y in Scotland . Th e fmil seats are S l Touch , tirling , and Al anton House Lanarkshire . The head of the family of Greenock a n d Blackball Si r S —S 8 is now Michael Hugh haw tewart , th Baronet ,

fa milv A rd o w a n S and the seat is g , tirling . Si r H a rry Jo cel v n Urquhart Stewart is the 1 1 th

F S . Si r Baronet of ort tewart , County Donegal Harry Hi s tor y ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 1 5 d is a large landowner, owning acres of lan 1 1 He was born in 87 .

- th Brigadier General Sir Hugh Houghton Stewart , 4 1 8 8 Baronet of Athenry , County Tyrone , was born in 5 , 1 k and succeeded his father in 90 5. Ballygawley Par and Lough Macroy Lodge are the family seats .

ir L ech mere th S Simeon Henry Stuart , 7 Baronet

Ma udu it n 1 86 . of Hartley , Hants , was bor in 4

i r S - Menteth rd S James tuart , 3 Baronet of Close 1 8 1 n burn was born in 4 , and is a naturalized America residing at Canandaigua , New York . Si r Mark John Ma cTa g g a rt Stewart was created

S 1 8 2 . I st Baronet of outhwick , Kirkcudbrightshire , in 9 1 8 - ~ He was born in 34 , and his landed p roperties ex tend over acres .

i r B zu d t S S . . Norman Robert tewart , C , Barone , 1 1 was born in 85 .

Th e S S a n d enumeration of all the tewarts , tuarts Steu a rts whose n ames have loomed large in the life and history of the British Empire would alone tax i l e the capac ty of a bulky vo ume , and it must , ther

= r s ffi b r i efi . fore , u ce to mention a few notable names, y A romantic and historicall interesting figure , Lady

l S x Arabel a tuart , daughter of Charles , Earl of Lenno , h e was born in 1 575. S was next in succession to m S d Ja es VI to the thrones of England and cotlan , ’ after Queen Elizabeth . Her father s mother was Ma r y d’ garet Douglas , daughter of Henr VI I of Englan s

S a l daughter , Queen Margaret of cotland , and the E r

. A ra of Ang us During the reign of Elizabeth , Lady bella Stuart was the centre of the intri gues of th ose who opposed the succession of James VI , and numer ous suitors contended for her hand . On the accession of James VI to the English throne she was rec ei v ea

a s x r at Court , but her marriage gain t the e p ess o rder 1 1 6 Hi s tor y ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

W S a o f of, the King, to illiam eymour grandson Lord a d Hertford , lost her his favor, and after numerous ventures and escap es she was imp ris o ned in th e

Tower of London , where she spent the remainder of 1 6 1 w a her unhappy career . On her death , in 5, she s S buried in the tomb of Mary , Queen of cots , in West m“ inster Abbey . S r Viscount Castlereagh , Robert tewa t , later second M u arq ess of Londonderry , was the son of the first

1 6 . 1 Marquess , and was born in 7 9 In 794 , he entered

1 8 w a s the British House of Commons , and , in 79 , chosen S ecretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland .

o f The suppression of the Irish rebellion that year was , in a great measure , due to the steps taken by him , and the Union of Ireland with Great Britain w a s

e th e pass d by Irish Parliament, chiefly through the ” 1 80 powerful abilities of Lord Castlereagh . In 5, he S S became ecretary of tate for War , and the failure of 1 80 to the Walcheren Expedition , in 9, exposed him censure , occasioning the duel between him and Can ning , his colleague in the ministry . The duel took

a place on Putney He th , Canning being wounded in 1 81 2 C the thigh . In , Lord astlereagh became Secre S a F ff tary of t te for oreign A airs , and represented

Great Britain at the Peace of Paris , and the Congress

1 8 1 . of Vienna , in 4 On the death of his father , in 1 82 1 , he succeeded to the Marquessate of London ff derry . His mind became a ected , and he committed

1 82 2 . suicide in August , He was buried in West

F x minster Abbey between the graves of Pitt and o . F Si r S Admiral of the leet , Houston tewart , third

Si r S S A rd o w a n s son of Michael haw tewart of g , w a 1 1 1 8 0 . born in 79 , and entered the Navy in 5 He served

1 8 0 Kin rn at the reduction of Acre in 4 , and at b u , H ea 1 8 . e Black S , in 55 was Commander in Chief o n

1 1 8 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t o r S tua r t Fa mi ly wa s a a good he rted man , and all his doctrines aimed a t inducing men to promote the happi ness of the world .

’ M D o ua ll S a John tu rt , the South Australian ex lo rer F S 1 8 1 8 p , was born at Dysart , ife , cotland , in .

' 1 8 8 1 862 Between 5 and , he made six expeditions into th e ed interior, and cross the Island continent from

- s outh to north . Central Mount Stuart is named after

No braver soldier or more brilliant lea der of men ’ i ev er wore the Queen s un form . Such was Lord Wol ’ s eley s report regarding Major General Si r Herbert

S . n 1 8 tewart He was bor in 43, a great grandson of e th Z th 7 Earl of G alloway . During the ulu War he 1 882 s . erved as Brigade Major of Cavalry In , he took part in the Egyptian campaign which followed the i s r sing of Arabi Pa ha , as Assistant Adj utant Gen eral of the Cavalry Division . After the victory of Tel el- 1 S 1 882 z Kebir , on 3th eptember , , the cavalry was few p ushed on to within a miles of Cairo , largely owing ’ r e to Stewart s energy . Stewa t s nt for the Governor o f a Cairo , and the s me night the citadel was occupied .

a B . H e . . was m de C , Brevet Colonel , and A D . C . to 1 88 he wa . s Queen Victoria In 4 , made K . C . B . for s m Sua kim ervices in com and of the cavalry at , and was chosen to lead the des ert column with the rank of

- . A t A bu 1 6 r 1 88 Brigadier General Klea , th Janua y, 5, and Z r as b Metemmeh , the e eb formed y Stewart with s rw m n ra a t tood ove hel i g A b tacks , but in the latter en w a s w u hi s gagement he o nded , and died on way o n 1 h F back to Khartoum the 6t ebruary. He had been

- a o p romoted to Maj or Gener l . There is a monument t ’ St a i r . S Herbert in P ul s Cathedral , and at Win chester School a ga teway into the c loisters from the Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 1 9 school quadrangle bearing his arms and the school ”

H erb erti S . arms , In Memoriam tewart The old Scottish names have even been foremost h a in Canadian istory , and , in the e rly development of v the Dominion , those bearing the family name ha e taken a distinguished part . The “F ather of the Upper Canada Church the

Reverend John Stuart , took refuge in Canada during th e American War of Independence , as mentioned in ta ra ui 1 . C a 80 a previous chapter H e first settled at q ,

’

. Ma 1 86 miles from Montreal In y, 7 , he opened an 1 88 academy at Kingston , and in the summer of 7 he “ ” went round his parish , which was then two hun ’

. 1 8 dred miles long In 7 9 he was , appointed Bishop s

Commissary for the district , afterwards Canada West . At the meeting of the first session of the Colonial 1 2 Legislature , in 79 , he was named Chaplain to the 1 Up per House of Assembly , and , in 799, received the appointment of Chaplain to the garrison of Kingston .

H e 1 8 1 1 died in , leaving four sons who became prom mc ff kil i nt in Canadian a airs . His eldest son , George O l

' S d o fKi n s to n tuart was Arch eacon g , John Stuart b e came Sheriff of the Johnstown District of Upper Si r S Canada ; James tuart , Chief Justice of Lower

Canada , was created a Baronet and died at Quebe c in 1 853 ; and Andrew Stuart w a s Solicitor General of Lower Canada .

S - The Hon . John tewart was for sixty four years a resident of Quebec, and filled many offices in the

Government and commercial institutions of Canada . Upon the accession of Lord Dalhousie to the Govern ment of the Province , he was called to a seat in the

Legislative and Executive Council , and was app ointed sole Commissioner of the Jesuit estates . He was also

President of the Board of Trade , President of the B a nk 1 20 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

Hi s of Montreal and Master of the Trinity House. 1 8 8 death occurred in 5 . The Honorable and Right Reverend: Charles Jame s 1 1 o Stewart , born 3th April , 775, was third son of J hn

th . Stewart , 7 Earl of Galloway H e graduated at Cor 1 n pus Christi Coll . , Oxford , in 795, and after ordinatio was Rector of Overton Longueville and Botolph 1 80 Bridge , Hunts . In 7, he took up work in Canada,

- i t a . and was appointed to the M ssion of S . Arm nd Here a n d he built a Church at his own expense , from this time devoted his life and fortune to the work of the 1 82 . S Church in Canada In 5, Dr . tewart was nomin See e ated to the of Quebec , and proceed d to Eng

o I s t 1 82 6 land , where , u January , , he was consecrated

Bishop in Lambeth Palace . He returned to Canada , where he died in 1 837. It is not generally known that the figure of B ritan nia which appears on the British copper co inage i s F that of a member of the family , rances Teresa Stuart , the court beauty and favorite of Charles I I , known as “ ” h e La Belle Stuart . S was a grand daughter of the

a nd 1 6 . n first Lord Blantyre , was born in 47 Early i 1 663 she became a Maid of Honour at the English

Court , and Pepys describes her as the g reatest beauty “ ' he had ever seen , with her hat cocked and a red ” e e plume , sweet y , and little Roman nose , but another “ critic summarized her character, It was hardly pos ” sible for a woman to have less wit , and more beauty .

Sh e had many aspirants for her hand , and the above named criticism of her chara cter seems especially per tin ent A , when we learn that one of such suitors , n th o n y Hamilton , won temporary favor in her eyes by holding two lighted tapers in his mouth longer than any other cavalier could manage to retain one ' She later became Duchess of Richmond and Lennox .

1 22 Hi s tory ofth e S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

so far identified with the office of King of Scotland , that John B aliol on succeeding to the throne placed them on the reverse side of his seal . Robert the Bruce e on reaching the throne , placed them alon on his seal ,

and abandoned the arms of Bruce, which course the m House of Stewart followed . The Royal Ar s of Scotland are — O r Arms , a lion rampant armed and langued azure

r -co unterflo r within a double tressure , flo y y gules ,

S t. encircled with the order of Andrew, the th e same being composed of ru e and thistles , having

St . image of Andrew with his cross on his breast , thereto pendant . Supporters —The Royal Arms do not appear with

' ev en a n 1 0 6 single supp orter till the reig of James I , ( 4

In that reign one supporter , a unicorn sej ant appears . The two unicorns sejant ap p eared in th e 1 60 reign of James I II , ( 4 — O n ff Crest the crown proper , a lion sejant a rontee gules , crowned or, holding in the dexter paw a sword ,

and in the sinister a sceptre erect also proper, with the motto , In Defens .

o — la ces s i Mott Nemo me impune t.

The cry of St. Andrew was long the wa r cry of th e Scottish King and his people .

0 for an hour of Wallace Wight, Or Bruce ’ s arm to rule the fight

cr . And y St Andrew and our Right .

: Arms of the Earl of Galloway Or, fesse chequy ar s gent and azure , surmounted of a bend engrailed g ule , flo r co unterflo rv within a tressure y of the last . — Supporters Dexter, a savage wreathed about the

head and loins with laurel , holding a club over hi s r a n dexter shoulder all proper ; siniste , lio g ules . Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly 1 28

— A Crest pelican argent, winged or , in her nest feed

ing her young, proper .

—Vi res c i Motto t Vulnere Virtus . : I st th Arms of the Earl of Moray : Quarterly and 4 , flo r or, a lion rampant, within a double tressure y

c o unterflo r o y, gules , surrounded with a bordure g o bony , argent and azure (as a descendant of the R yal S 2 n d House of tuart) ; , or, a fesse chequy azure and S rd argent, for tewart of Doune ; 3 , or, three cushions ,

two and one , of a lozenge form , within a double tres

o unterflo r d sure flory c y, gules , for Ran olph , Earl of

Moray . — Sup porters Two greyhounds argent , collared gules . —A Crest pelican , in her nest, feeding her young, proper . — a h ri s tum red em to rem Motto Sal s per C p .

S : : o r a Arms of Earl Castle tewart Quarterly I st, ,

lion ramp ant, gules , within a double tressure flory c o unterflo r S 2 n d y of the last , for cotland ; , or, a fesse

chequy argent and azure , in chief a label of three S rd n points , gules , for tuart ; 3 , arge t , a saltier between th four roses gules , for Lennox ; 4 , or, a lion rampant Ma cDuff n gules , for the whole withi a bordure com pony , argent and azure . — S s r . upporter Two dragons , ve t ’ —A uni co rn s h ea d Crest argent, armed or . o —F Mott orward . Arms of the Marquess of Bute : Quarterly : I st a nd th 4 , or, a fesse chequy , azure and argent , within a e co unterflo r u doubl tressure flory y, g les , for Stuart

2 n d rd z and 3 , argent, a lion rampant , a ure , for Crich ton .

— ‘ S h u upporters Dexter, a orse , argent , bridled g les , er o r sinister , a stag prop , attired .

— - n n u a n Crests I st , a demi lio rampa t, g les , d o ver it 1 24 Hi s tory ofthe S tewa r t or S tua r t Fa mi ly

s S zud a the motto, Nobilis est ira leoni , for tuart ; , fo r wyvern , fire issuant from th e mouth , all proper,

rd m Crichton ; 3 , a wyvern , proper , holding in the outh

’ t. a sinister hand couped gules , for Herber — Motto Avito viret honore . Arms of the Marquess of Londonderry : Quarterly : I st th and 4 , or, a bend counter compony argent and azure , S 2 n d between two lions rampant , gules , for tewart ; ,

argent, a bend engrailed, between six martlets , sable ,

rd for Tempest ; 3 , azure , three sinister gauntlets , or ,

for Vane . S — upporters Dexter , a moor , wreathed about the

temples argent and azure , holding in his exterior hand

a shield of the last, garnished or, charged with the

sun in splendour, gold ; sinister, a lion or, gorged with

a collar sable , charged with three mullets argent . ’ —S riffin s Crests tewart , a dragon statant ; Tempest , a g ni head erased , per pale , arge t and sable , beak gules ;

Vane , a dexter gauntlet , erect, holding a sword prop er ,

pommel and hilt or .

— Metu en d a Motto corolla draconis . Arms of Stewart of Appin and A rd sh ea l : Quarterly 1 s t th and 4 , or , a fesse chequy azure and argent , for

S 2 n d rd tewart ; and 3 , a galley , her sails trussed up

and oars in action , sable , and flags , gules , for Lorn . S r — uppo ters Two roebucks , proper . — A ’ Crest unicorn s head , maned , horned and bearded or .

- idder Motto Q uh will zie . Arms of Steuart of B a ll echi n : Quarterly : I s t and 4th o l or , a li n rampant , gu es , armed and langued azure , with a double tressure flory c o unterflo ry of the sec ond , as descended from the Royal F amily of Scotland ; 2 n d r d , z and 3 , or a fesse chequy, a ure and argent,

all within a bordure engrailed per pale , or and argent . o —S m fid eli s Mott e per .