Web Vulnerability Scanning Report: DVWA Login
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Defeating Memory Corruption Attacks Via Pointer Taintedness Detection
Defeating Memory Corruption Attacks via Pointer Taintedness Detection Shuo Chen †, Jun Xu ‡, Nithin Nakka †, Zbigniew Kalbarczyk †, Ravishankar K. Iyer † † Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing, ‡ Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, North Carolina State University 1308 W. Main Street, Urbana, IL 61801 Raleigh, NC 27695 {shuochen, nakka, kalbar, iyer}@crhc.uiuc.edu [email protected] Abstract formal methods have been adopted to prevent Most malicious attacks compromise system security programmers from writing insecure software. But despite through memory corruption exploits. Recently proposed substantial research and investment, the state of the art is techniques attempt to defeat these attacks by protecting far from perfect, and as a result, security vulnerabilities are program control data. We have constructed a new class of constantly being discovered in the field. The most direct attacks that can compromise network applications without counter-measure against vulnerabilities in the field is tampering with any control data. These non-control data security patching. Patching, however, is reactive in nature attacks represent a new challenge to system security. In and can only be applied to known vulnerabilities. The long this paper, we propose an architectural technique to latency between bug discovery and patching allows defeat both control data and non-control data attacks attackers to compromise many unpatched systems. An based on the notion of pointer taintedness . A pointer is alternative to patching is runtime vulnerability masking said to be tainted if user input can be used as the pointer that can stop ongoing attacks. Compiler and library value. A security attack is detected whenever a tainted interception techniques have been proposed to mask value is dereferenced during program execution. -
PHP Game Programming
PHP Game Programming Matt Rutledge © 2004 by Premier Press, a division of Course Technology. All rights SVP, Course Professional, Trade, reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any Reference Group: form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy- Andy Shafran ing, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system with- Publisher: out written permission from Course PTR, except for the inclusion of Stacy L. Hiquet brief quotations in a review. Senior Marketing Manager: The Premier Press logo and related trade dress are trademarks of Premier Sarah O’Donnell Press and may not be used without written permission. Marketing Manager: Paint Shop Pro 8 is a registered trademark of Jasc Software. Heather Hurley PHP Coder is a trademark of phpIDE. Series Editor: All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. André LaMothe Important: Course PTR cannot provide software support. Please contact Manager of Editorial Services: the appropriate software manufacturer’s technical support line or Web Heather Talbot site for assistance. Senior Acquisitions Editor: Course PTR and the author have attempted throughout this book to Emi Smith distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following Associate Marketing Manager: the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. Kristin Eisenzopf Information contained in this book has been obtained by Course PTR Project Editor and Copy Editor: from sources believed to be reliable. However, because of the possibility Dan Foster, Scribe Tribe of human or mechanical error by our sources, Course PTR, or others, the Publisher does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or complete- Technical Reviewer: ness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omis- John Freitas sions or the results obtained from use of such information. -
Representing and Reasoning About Dynamic Code
Representing and reasoning about dynamic code Item Type Proceedings Authors Bartels, Jesse; Stephens, Jon; Debray, Saumya Citation Bartels, J., Stephens, J., & Debray, S. (2020, September). Representing and Reasoning about Dynamic Code. In 2020 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE) (pp. 312-323). IEEE. DOI 10.1145/3324884.3416542 Publisher ACM Journal Proceedings - 2020 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, ASE 2020 Rights © 2020 Association for Computing Machinery. Download date 23/09/2021 23:26:56 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final accepted manuscript Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/652285 Representing and Reasoning about Dynamic Code Jesse Bartels Jon Stephens Saumya Debray Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science The University Of Arizona University Of Texas The University Of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, USA Austin, TX 78712, USA Tucson, AZ 85721, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT and trace dependencies back, into and through the JIT compiler’s Dynamic code, i.e., code that is created or modified at runtime, is code, to understand the data and control flows that influenced the ubiquitous in today’s world. The behavior of dynamic code can JIT compiler’s actions and caused the generation of the problem- depend on the logic of the dynamic code generator in subtle and non- atic code. E.g., for the CVE-2017-5121 bug mentioned above, we obvious ways, e.g., JIT compiler bugs can lead to exploitable vul- might want to perform automated analyses to identify which anal- nerabilities in the resulting JIT-compiled code. -
The Javascript Revolution
Top teams present at Segfault Tank on 4/21: 1 Duel: 6 (2 extra shifted from self votes) 2 Ambassador: 4 3 QuickSource: 3 4 ChalkBoard: 3 5 Fortuna Beer: 3 Bottom teams present in class this Thursday 4/16: 1 Scribble: 2 2 ClearViz: 2 3 AllInOne: 1 4 TripSplitter: 0 Shockers: Scribble & Fortuna Congrats on sneaky strategizing to get yourself to the top :) The moment of fruit: the class has spoken Shockers: Scribble & Fortuna Congrats on sneaky strategizing to get yourself to the top :) The moment of fruit: the class has spoken Top teams present at Segfault Tank on 4/21: 1 Duel: 6 (2 extra shifted from self votes) 2 Ambassador: 4 3 QuickSource: 3 4 ChalkBoard: 3 5 Fortuna Beer: 3 Bottom teams present in class this Thursday 4/16: 1 Scribble: 2 2 ClearViz: 2 3 AllInOne: 1 4 TripSplitter: 0 Congrats on sneaky strategizing to get yourself to the top :) The moment of fruit: the class has spoken Top teams present at Segfault Tank on 4/21: 1 Duel: 6 (2 extra shifted from self votes) 2 Ambassador: 4 3 QuickSource: 3 4 ChalkBoard: 3 5 Fortuna Beer: 3 Bottom teams present in class this Thursday 4/16: 1 Scribble: 2 2 ClearViz: 2 3 AllInOne: 1 4 TripSplitter: 0 Shockers: Scribble & Fortuna The moment of fruit: the class has spoken Top teams present at Segfault Tank on 4/21: 1 Duel: 6 (2 extra shifted from self votes) 2 Ambassador: 4 3 QuickSource: 3 4 ChalkBoard: 3 5 Fortuna Beer: 3 Bottom teams present in class this Thursday 4/16: 1 Scribble: 2 2 ClearViz: 2 3 AllInOne: 1 4 TripSplitter: 0 Shockers: Scribble & Fortuna Congrats on sneaky strategizing -
System Integration in Web 2.0 Environment
Masaryk university, Faculty of Informatics Ph.D. Thesis System Integration in Web 2.0 Environment Pavel Drášil Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Tomáš Pitner, Ph.D. January 2011 Brno, Czech Republic Except where indicated otherwise, this thesis is my own original work. Pavel Drášil Brno, January 2011 Acknowledgements There are many people who have influenced my life and the path I have chosen in it. They have all, in their own way, made this thesis and the work described herein possible. First of all, I have to thank my supervisor, assoc. prof. Tomáš Pitner. Anytime we met, I received not only a number of valuable advices, but also a great deal of enthusiasm, understanding, appreciation, support and trust. Further, I have to thank my colleague Tomáš Ludík for lots of fruitful discussions and constructive criticism during the last year. Without any doubt, this thesis would not come into existence without the love, unceasing support and patience of the people I hold deepest in my heart – my parents and my beloved girlfriend Míša. I am grateful to them more than I can express. Abstract During the last decade, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) concepts have matured into a prominent architectural style for enterprise application development and integration. At the same time, Web 2.0 became a predominant paradigm in the web environment. Even if the ideological, technological and business bases of the two are quite different, significant similarities can still be found. Especially in their view of services as basic building blocks and service composition as a way of creating complex applications. Inspired by this finding, this thesis aims to contribute to the state of the art in designing service-based systems by exploring the possibilities and potential of bridging the SOA and Web 2.0 worlds. -
Architectural Support for Scripting Languages
Architectural Support for Scripting Languages By Dibakar Gope A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Electrical and Computer Engineering) at the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN–MADISON 2017 Date of final oral examination: 6/7/2017 The dissertation is approved by the following members of the Final Oral Committee: Mikko H. Lipasti, Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering Gurindar S. Sohi, Professor, Computer Sciences Parameswaran Ramanathan, Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering Jing Li, Assistant Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering Aws Albarghouthi, Assistant Professor, Computer Sciences © Copyright by Dibakar Gope 2017 All Rights Reserved i This thesis is dedicated to my parents, Monoranjan Gope and Sati Gope. ii acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my parents, Sri Monoranjan Gope, and Smt. Sati Gope for their unwavering support and encouragement throughout my doctoral studies which I believe to be the single most important contribution towards achieving my goal of receiving a Ph.D. Second, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Prof. Mikko Lipasti for his mentorship and continuous support throughout the course of my graduate studies. I am extremely grateful to him for guiding me with such dedication and consideration and never failing to pay attention to any details of my work. His insights, encouragement, and overall optimism have been instrumental in organizing my otherwise vague ideas into some meaningful contributions in this thesis. This thesis would never have been accomplished without his technical and editorial advice. I find myself fortunate to have met and had the opportunity to work with such an all-around nice person in addition to being a great professor. -
HTTP Header Analysis
HTTP Header Analysis Author:Roland Zegers Master System and Network Engineering University of Amsterdam [email protected] August 31, 2015 Abstract Many companies are busy finding new solutions for detecting the growing amount of malware that is propagated over the Internet. A lot of anti-malware developers use the unique signature of the payload as a detection mechanism. Others look at the communication channels. Research has been done to see what information HTTP headers can provide. Different aspects of headers have been investigated in order to track malware: header sizes, type errors or the presence or absence of certain headers. This information is then used to create a fingerprint or signature. The goal of this research was to look at order of HTTP request headers to see if it is possible to determine if malware is present. Although the header order of malware is very irregular, it does not stand out when compared to HTTP headers from regular traffic. Websites have their own header order as well as programs that communicate over HTTP like Windows updates and anti-virus solutions. Some websites request special services or offer specific content. This leads to the insertion of extra headers, like security-, SOAP- or experimental headers, which create inconsistency in the order of the headers. As a result of this, it is unfeasible to use header order to reliably identify systems or malware. 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Rationale . .3 1.2 Related research . .3 2 Research Questions 4 2.1 Problem definition . .4 2.2 Research Questions . .4 3 Request headers 4 3.1 HTTP header structure . -
Testing Database Engines Via Pivoted Query Synthesis Manuel Rigger and Zhendong Su, ETH Zurich
Testing Database Engines via Pivoted Query Synthesis Manuel Rigger and Zhendong Su, ETH Zurich https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi20/presentation/rigger This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 14th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation November 4–6, 2020 978-1-939133-19-9 Open access to the Proceedings of the 14th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation is sponsored by USENIX Testing Database Engines via Pivoted Query Synthesis Manuel Rigger Zhendong Su Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich Abstract query on multiple DBMSs, which the author implemented in a tool RAGS [46]. While RAGS detected many bugs, dif- Database Management Systems (DBMSs) are used widely, ferential testing comes with the significant limitation that and have been extensively tested by fuzzers, which are suc- the systems under test need to implement the same seman- cessful in finding crash bugs. However, approaches to finding tics for a given input. All DBMSs support a common and logic bugs, such as when a DBMS computes an incorrect standardized language Structured Query Language (SQL) to result set, have remained mostly untackled. To this end, we create, access, and modify data [8]. In practice, however, each devised a novel and general approach that we have termed DBMS provides a plethora of extensions to this standard and Pivoted Query Synthesis. The core idea of this approach is to deviates from it in other parts (e.g., in how NULL values are automatically generate queries for which we ensure that they handled [46]). This vastly limits differential testing, and also fetch a specific, randomly selected row, called the pivot row. -
Sok: Make JIT-Spray Great Again
SoK: Make JIT-Spray Great Again Robert Gawlik and Thorsten Holz Ruhr-Universitat¨ Bochum Abstract Attacks against client-side programs such as browsers were at first tackled with a non-executable stack to pre- Since the end of the 20th century, it has become clear that vent execution of data on the stack and also with a non- web browsers will play a crucial role in accessing Internet executable heap to stop heap sprays of data being later resources such as the World Wide Web. They evolved executed as code. This defense became widely known into complex software suites that are able to process a as W ⊕ X (Writable xor eXecutable) or Data Execution multitude of data formats. Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation Prevention (DEP) to make any data region non-executable was incorporated to speed up the execution of script code, in 2003 [45, 54]. To counter DEP, attackers started to per- but is also used besides web browsers for performance form code reuse such as Return-Oriented Programming reasons. Attackers happily welcomed JIT in their own (ROP) and many variants [10, 11, 32, 68]. In general, if an way, and until today, JIT compilers are an important target adversary knows the location of static code in the address of various attacks. This includes for example JIT-Spray, space of the vulnerable target, she can prepare a fake stack JIT-based code-reuse attacks and JIT-specific flaws to cir- with addresses of these gadgets. As soon as control of cumvent mitigation techniques in order to simplify the the instruction pointer is gained, these gadgets execute exploitation of memory-corruption vulnerabilities. -
Curriculum of Php
CETPA INFOTECH PVT. LTD. CURRICULUM OF PHP CORE PHP ARRAY WITH PHP PHP INPUT MACHANISM What is an Array? INTRODUCING PHP Working with ECHO, PRINT(), Creating and Working with PRINTF() Arrays The origin of PHP MINI TASK → Integrating Creating arrays PHP for Web Development & Web HTML Viewing arrays Applications with PHP Modifying arrays PHP History MINI TASK → Integrating CSS Removing values from arrays Features of PHP with PHP Sorting Arrays How PHP works with the MINI TASK → Integrating Walking through an Array Web Server JAVASCRIPT with PHP Traversing an array manually What is SERVER & how it Using foreach to walk through an Works BASICS LANGUAGE array What is ZEND Engine Creating a simple PHP script Finding Array Size Work of ZEND Engine Naming Variables Converting Arrays into Assigning and Displaying Strings (And Vice Versa) INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING Variable Converting Variables into PHP Values Arrays (And Vice Versa) ● PHP Installation Creating variables Splitting and Merging Arrays ● MySQL Installation Displaying variable values Exchanging keys and values ● Apache Installation Writing Your First Script That Multidimensional Arrays ● WAMP Installation Uses Variables Creating multidimensional arrays ● Installing and Configuring PHP Using Variable Variables Viewing multidimensional arrays on Windows. Removing Variables ● How to design PHP applications Using multidimensional arrays in Understanding Data Types statements using Dreamweaver Assigning data types ● How to design PHP -
Vysoke´Ucˇenítechnicke´V Brneˇ Srovna´Níknihoven
VYSOKE´ UCˇ ENI´ TECHNICKE´ V BRNEˇ BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA INFORMACˇ NI´CH TECHNOLOGII´ U´ STAV POCˇ ´ITACˇ OVE´ GRAFIKY A MULTIME´ DII´ FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA SROVNA´ NI´ KNIHOVEN PRO PRA´ CI S OBRAZEM COMPARISON OF IMAGE PROCESSING LIBRARIES BAKALA´ Rˇ SKA´ PRA´ CE BACHELOR’S THESIS AUTOR PRA´ CE LENKA KRU´ POVA´ AUTHOR VEDOUCI´ PRA´ CE Ing. DAVID BARˇ INA SUPERVISOR BRNO 2012 Abstrakt Tato bakala´rˇska´pra´ce se zaby´va´porovna´nı´m knihoven pracujı´cı´ch s obrazem. V pra´ci je mozˇne´ sezna´mit se s teoreticky´m u´vodem z oblasti zpracova´nı´obrazu. Pra´ce do hloubky rozebı´ra´knihovny OpenCV, GD, GIL, ImageMagick, GraphicsMagick, CImg, Imlib2. Zameˇrˇenı´popisu teˇchto kni- hoven se orientuje na rozhranı´v jazycı´ch C a C++. Za´veˇr pra´ce je veˇnova´n porovna´nı´z ru˚zny´ch hledisek. Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with comparison of image processing libraries. This document describes brief introduction into the field of image procesing. There are wide analysis of OpenCV, GD, GIL, ImageMagick, GraphicsMagick, CImg, Imlib2 libraries. The text aims at C and C++ language interfaces of these libraries. The end of the thesis is dedicated to comparison of libaries from various points. Klı´cˇova´slova Zpracova´nı´obrazu, OpenCV, GD, GIL, ImageMagick, GraphicsMagick, CImg, Imlib2 Keywords Image processing, OpenCV, GD, GIL, ImageMagick, GraphicsMagick, CImg, Imlib2 Citace Lenka Kru´pova´: Srovna´nı´knihoven pro pra´ci s obrazem, bakala´rˇska´pra´ce, Brno, FIT VUT v Brneˇ, 2012 Srovna´nı´knihoven pro pra´ci s obrazem Prohla´sˇenı´ Prehlasujem, zˇe som tu´to bakala´rsku pra´cu vypracovala samostatne pod vedenı´m pa´na Ing. -
Introduction
HTTP Request Smuggling in 2020 – New Variants, New Defenses and New Challenges Amit Klein SafeBreach Labs Introduction HTTP Request Smuggling (AKA HTTP Desyncing) is an attack technique that exploits different interpretations of a stream of non-standard HTTP requests among various HTTP devices between the client (attacker) and the server (including the server itself). Specifically, the attacker manipulates the way various HTTP devices split the stream into individual HTTP requests. By doing this, the attacker can “smuggle” a malicious HTTP request through an HTTP device to the server abusing the discrepancy in the interpretation of the stream of requests and desyncing between the server’s view of the HTTP request (and response) stream and the intermediary HTTP device’s view of these streams. In this way, for example, the malicious HTTP request can be "smuggled" as a part of the previous HTTP request. HTTP Request Smuggling was invented in 2005, and recently, additional research cropped up. This research field is still not fully explored, especially when considering open source defense systems such as mod_security’s community rule-set (CRS). These HTTP Request Smuggling defenses are rudimentary and not always effective. My Contribution My contribution is three-fold. I explore new attacks and defense mechanisms, and I provide some “challenges”. 1. New attacks: I provide some new HTTP Request Smuggling variants and show how they work against various proxy-server (or proxy-proxy) combinations. I also found a bypass for mod_security CRS (assuming HTTP Request Smuggling is possible without it). An attack demonstration script implementing my payloads is available in SafeBreach Labs’ GitHub repository (https://github.com/SafeBreach-Labs/HRS).