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Uwsgi Documentation Release 1.9
uWSGI Documentation Release 1.9 uWSGI February 08, 2016 Contents 1 Included components (updated to latest stable release)3 2 Quickstarts 5 3 Table of Contents 11 4 Tutorials 137 5 Articles 139 6 uWSGI Subsystems 141 7 Scaling with uWSGI 197 8 Securing uWSGI 217 9 Keeping an eye on your apps 223 10 Async and loop engines 231 11 Web Server support 237 12 Language support 251 13 Release Notes 317 14 Contact 359 15 Donate 361 16 Indices and tables 363 Python Module Index 365 i ii uWSGI Documentation, Release 1.9 The uWSGI project aims at developing a full stack for building (and hosting) clustered/distributed network applica- tions. Mainly targeted at the web and its standards, it has been successfully used in a lot of different contexts. Thanks to its pluggable architecture it can be extended without limits to support more platforms and languages. Cur- rently, you can write plugins in C, C++ and Objective-C. The “WSGI” part in the name is a tribute to the namesake Python standard, as it has been the first developed plugin for the project. Versatility, performance, low-resource usage and reliability are the strengths of the project (and the only rules fol- lowed). Contents 1 uWSGI Documentation, Release 1.9 2 Contents CHAPTER 1 Included components (updated to latest stable release) The Core (implements configuration, processes management, sockets creation, monitoring, logging, shared memory areas, ipc, cluster membership and the uWSGI Subscription Server) Request plugins (implement application server interfaces for various languages and platforms: WSGI, PSGI, Rack, Lua WSAPI, CGI, PHP, Go ...) Gateways (implement load balancers, proxies and routers) The Emperor (implements massive instances management and monitoring) Loop engines (implement concurrency, components can be run in preforking, threaded, asynchronous/evented and green thread/coroutine modes. -
HTTP Header Analysis
HTTP Header Analysis Author:Roland Zegers Master System and Network Engineering University of Amsterdam [email protected] August 31, 2015 Abstract Many companies are busy finding new solutions for detecting the growing amount of malware that is propagated over the Internet. A lot of anti-malware developers use the unique signature of the payload as a detection mechanism. Others look at the communication channels. Research has been done to see what information HTTP headers can provide. Different aspects of headers have been investigated in order to track malware: header sizes, type errors or the presence or absence of certain headers. This information is then used to create a fingerprint or signature. The goal of this research was to look at order of HTTP request headers to see if it is possible to determine if malware is present. Although the header order of malware is very irregular, it does not stand out when compared to HTTP headers from regular traffic. Websites have their own header order as well as programs that communicate over HTTP like Windows updates and anti-virus solutions. Some websites request special services or offer specific content. This leads to the insertion of extra headers, like security-, SOAP- or experimental headers, which create inconsistency in the order of the headers. As a result of this, it is unfeasible to use header order to reliably identify systems or malware. 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Rationale . .3 1.2 Related research . .3 2 Research Questions 4 2.1 Problem definition . .4 2.2 Research Questions . .4 3 Request headers 4 3.1 HTTP header structure . -
NGINX-Conf-2018-Slides Rawdat
Performance Tuning NGINX Name: Amir Rawdat Currently: Technical Marketing Engineer at NGINX inc. Previously: - Customer Applications Engineer at Nokia inc. Multi-Process Architecture with QPI Bus Web Server Topology wrk nginx Reverse Proxy Topology wrk nginx nginx J6 Technical Specifications # Sockets # Cores # Model RAM OS NIC per Threads Name Socket per Core Client 2 22 2 Intel(R) 128 GB Ubuntu 40GbE Xeon(R) CPU Xenial QSFP+ E5-2699 v4 @ 2.20GHz Web Server 2 24 2 Intel(R) 192 GB Ubuntu 40GbE Xeon(R) & Platinum Xenial QSFP+ Reverse 8168 CPU @ Proxy 2.70GHz Multi-Processor Architecture #1 Duplicate NGINX Configurations J9 Multi-Processor Architecture NGINX Configuration (Instance 1) user root; worker_processes 48 ; worker_cpu_affinity auto 000000000000000000000000111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000000111111111111111111111111; worker_rlimit_nofile 1024000; error_log /home/ubuntu/access.error error; ….. ……. J11 NGINX Configuration (Instance 2) user root; worker_processes 48 ; worker_cpu_affinity auto 111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000000111111111111111111111111000000000000000000000000; worker_rlimit_nofile 1024000; error_log /home/ubuntu/access.error error; ……. ……. J12 Deploying NGINX Instances $ nginx –c /path/to/configuration/instance-1 $ nginx –c /path/to/configuration/instance-2 $ ps aux | grep nginx nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx_0.conf nginx: worker process nginx: worker process nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx_1.conf nginx: worker process nginx: worker process -
Bepasty Documentation Release 0.3.0
bepasty Documentation Release 0.3.0 The Bepasty Team (see AUTHORS file) Jul 02, 2019 Contents 1 Contents 3 1.1 bepasty..................................................3 1.2 Using bepasty’s web interface......................................4 1.3 Using bepasty with non-web clients...................................6 1.4 Quickstart................................................7 1.5 Installation tutorial with Debian, NGinx and gunicorn......................... 10 1.6 ChangeLog................................................ 12 1.7 The bepasty software Project....................................... 14 1.8 License.................................................. 14 1.9 Authors.................................................. 15 Index 17 i ii bepasty Documentation, Release 0.3.0 bepasty is like a pastebin for every kind of file (text, image, audio, video, documents, . ). You can upload multiple files at once, simply by drag and drop. Contents 1 bepasty Documentation, Release 0.3.0 2 Contents CHAPTER 1 Contents 1.1 bepasty bepasty is like a pastebin for all kinds of files (text, image, audio, video, documents, . , binary). The documentation is there: http://bepasty-server.readthedocs.org/en/latest/ 1.1.1 Features • Generic: – you can upload multiple files at once, simply by drag and drop – after upload, you get a unique link to a view of each file – on that view, we show actions you can do with the file, metadata of the file and, if possible, we also render the file contents – if you uploaded multiple files, you can create a pastebin with the list -
Next Generation Web Scanning Presentation
Next generation web scanning New Zealand: A case study First presented at KIWICON III 2009 By Andrew Horton aka urbanadventurer NZ Web Recon Goal: To scan all of New Zealand's web-space to see what's there. Requirements: – Targets – Scanning – Analysis Sounds easy, right? urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com Targets urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com Targets What does 'NZ web-space' mean? It could mean: •Geographically within NZ regardless of the TLD •The .nz TLD hosted anywhere •All of the above For this scan it means, IPs geographically within NZ urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com Finding Targets We need creative methods to find targets urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com DNS Zone Transfer urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com Find IP addresses on IRC and by resolving lots of NZ websites 58.*.*.* 60.*.*.* 65.*.*.* 91.*.*.* 110.*.*.* 111.*.*.* 113.*.*.* 114.*.*.* 115.*.*.* 116.*.*.* 117.*.*.* 118.*.*.* 119.*.*.* 120.*.*.* 121.*.*.* 122.*.*.* 123.*.*.* 124.*.*.* 125.*.*.* 130.*.*.* 131.*.*.* 132.*.*.* 138.*.*.* 139.*.*.* 143.*.*.* 144.*.*.* 146.*.*.* 150.*.*.* 153.*.*.* 156.*.*.* 161.*.*.* 162.*.*.* 163.*.*.* 165.*.*.* 166.*.*.* 167.*.*.* 192.*.*.* 198.*.*.* 202.*.*.* 203.*.*.* 210.*.*.* 218.*.*.* 219.*.*.* 222.*.*.* 729,580,500 IPs. More than we want to try. urbanadventurer (Andrew Horton) www.morningstarsecurity.com IP address blocks in the IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry Prefix Designation Date Whois Status [1] ----- -
Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Web Servers
Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Web Servers Adam Pi´orkowski1, Aleksander Kempny2, Adrian Hajduk1, and Jacek Strzelczyk1 1 Department of Geoinfomatics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland {adam.piorkowski,jacek.strzelczyk}@agh.edu.pl http://www.agh.edu.pl 2 Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease Center University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany [email protected] http://www.ukmuenster.de Abstract. A load balancing issue for heterogeneous web servers is de- scribed in this article. The review of algorithms and solutions is shown. The selected Internet service for on-line echocardiography training is presented. The independence of simultaneous requests for this server is proved. Results of experimental tests are presented3. Key words: load balancing, scalability, web server, minimum response time, throughput, on-line simulator 1 Introduction Modern web servers can handle millions of queries, although the performance of a single node is limited. Performance can be continuously increased, if the services are designed so that they can be scaled. The concept of scalability is closely related to load balancing. This technique has been used since the beginning of the first distributed systems, including rich client architecture. Most of the complex web systems use load balancing to improve performance, availability and security [1{4]. 2 Load Balancing in Cluster of web servers Clustering of web servers is a method of constructing scalable Internet services. The basic idea behind the construction of such a service is to set the relay server 3 This is the accepted version of: Piorkowski, A., Kempny, A., Hajduk, A., Strzelczyk, J.: Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Web Servers. -
Enabling HTTP/2 on an IBM® Lotus Domino® Server
Enabling HTTP/2 on an IBM® Lotus Domino® Server Setup Guide Alex Elliott © AGECOM 2019 https://www.agecom.com.au CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Requirements .................................................................................................................................................. 3 About HTTP/2 ................................................................................................................................................. 3 About NGINX .................................................................................................................................................. 3 How this works ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Step 1 – Install NGINX .................................................................................................................................... 5 Step 2 – Setting up NGINX to run as a Windows Service ............................................................................... 6 Step 3 – Update Windows Hosts File .............................................................................................................. 8 Step 4 – Add another local IP Address ........................................................................................................... 8 Step 5 - Creating SSL Certificate Files -
Let's Encrypt: 30,229 Jan, 2018 | Let's Encrypt: 18,326 Jan, 2016 | Let's Encrypt: 330 Feb, 2017 | Let's Encrypt: 8,199
Let’s Encrypt: An Automated Certificate Authority to Encrypt the Entire Web Josh Aas∗ Richard Barnes∗ Benton Case Let’s Encrypt Cisco Stanford University Zakir Durumeric Peter Eckersley∗ Alan Flores-López Stanford University Electronic Frontier Foundation Stanford University J. Alex Halderman∗† Jacob Hoffman-Andrews∗ James Kasten∗ University of Michigan Electronic Frontier Foundation University of Michigan Eric Rescorla∗ Seth Schoen∗ Brad Warren∗ Mozilla Electronic Frontier Foundation Electronic Frontier Foundation ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION Let’s Encrypt is a free, open, and automated HTTPS certificate au- HTTPS [78] is the cryptographic foundation of the Web, providing thority (CA) created to advance HTTPS adoption to the entire Web. an encrypted and authenticated form of HTTP over the TLS trans- Since its launch in late 2015, Let’s Encrypt has grown to become the port [79]. When HTTPS was introduced by Netscape twenty-five world’s largest HTTPS CA, accounting for more currently valid cer- years ago [51], the primary use cases were protecting financial tificates than all other browser-trusted CAs combined. By January transactions and login credentials, but users today face a growing 2019, it had issued over 538 million certificates for 223 million do- range of threats from hostile networks—including mass surveil- main names. We describe how we built Let’s Encrypt, including the lance and censorship by governments [99, 106], consumer profiling architecture of the CA software system (Boulder) and the structure and ad injection by ISPs [30, 95], and insertion of malicious code of the organization that operates it (ISRG), and we discuss lessons by network devices [68]—which make HTTPS important for prac- learned from the experience. -
Application of GPU for High-Performance Network Processing
SSLShader: Cheap SSL Acceleration with Commodity Processors Keon Jang+, Sangjin Han+, Seungyeop Han*, Sue Moon+, and KyoungSoo Park+ KAIST+ and University of Washington* 1 Security of Paper Submission Websites 2 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium Security Threats in the Internet . Public WiFi without encryption • Easy target that requires almost no effort . Deep packet inspection by governments • Used for censorship • In the name of national security . NebuAd’s targeted advertisement • Modify user’s Web traffic in the middle 3 Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) . A de-facto standard for secure communication • Authentication, Confidentiality, Content integrity Client Server TCP handshake Key exchange using public key algorithm Server (e.g., RSA) identification Encrypted data 4 SSL Deployment Status . Most of Web-sites are not SSL-protected • Less than 0.5% • [NETCRAFT Survey Jan ‘09] . Why is SSL not ubiquitous? • Small sites: lack of recognition, manageability, etc. • Large sites: cost • SSL requires lots of computation power 5 SSL Computation Overhead . Performance overhead (HTTPS vs. HTTP) • Connection setup 22x • Data transfer 50x . Good privacy is expensive • More servers • H/W SSL accelerators . Our suggestion: • Offload SSL computation to GPU 6 SSLShader . SSL-accelerator leveraging GPU • High-performance • Cost-effective . SSL reverse proxy • No modification on existing servers Web Server SMTP Server SSLShader POP3 Server SSL-encrypted session Plain TCP 7 Our Contributions . GPU cryptography optimization • The fastest RSA -
AN OPEN SOURCE WEB SOLUTION Lighttpd Web Server and Chip Multithreading Technology
AN OPEN SOURCE WEB SOLUTION Lighttpd Web Server and Chip Multithreading Technology Reference Implementation Amanda Waite, Sun Microsystems Sun BluePrints™ Online — September 2008 Part No 820-5633-10 Revision 1.0, 9/23/08 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Table of Contents Reference Implementation . 1 The Web 2.0 Kit. 2 Hardware and Software Configuration . 3 Workload Test Descriptions. 4 The Faban Harness and Driver Framework . 4 Performance Tuning . 5 Opcode Caching . 5 Temporary Files . 9 Sizing the Number of Lighttpd Web Server and PHP Processes . 9 Database Configuration . 12 Lighttpd Web Server Configuration. 13 Memcached . 13 Network Interface Card Interrupt Handling . 13 Nagle’s Algorithm. 16 Network I/O . 17 Best Practices for Deployment . 18 Conclusion . 20 About the Author . 20 References . 20 Ordering Sun Documents . 21 Accessing Sun Documentation Online . 21 1 An Open Source Web Solution Sun Microsystems, Inc. An Open Source Web Solution With more users interacting, working, purchasing, and communicating over the network than ever before, Web 2.0 infrastructure is taking center stage in many organizations. Demand is rising, and companies are looking for ways to tackle the performance and scalability needs placed on Web infrastructure without raising IT operational expenses. Today companies are turning to efficient, high-performance, open source solutions as a way to decrease acquisition, licensing, and other ongoing costs and stay within budget constraints. The combination of open source Lighttpd Web server software and Sun servers with CoolThreads™ technology provides a scalable, high-performance, and cost-effective solution for Web environments. This Sun BluePrints™ article describes a reference implementation based on the Lighttpd Web server software and Sun SPARC® Enterprise T5120 servers, and explores its performance and scalability when running dynamic workloads. -
Colorado College Is Hiring!
Colorado College is hiring! Early Childhood Teacher (multiple positions available) - Children’s Center Under minimal supervision while in the classroom provide nurturing early care and educational experience to benefit the children and families of the CC Community. Design and implement age-appropriate individualized curriculum to foster growth and development socially, emotionally, physically and cognitively for each child. Be flexible, adaptive, reliable, and a confidential resource for families in an assigned classroom (infant, toddler or pre-school). Full position description: https://employment.coloradocollege.edu/postings/4697 OC (on call) Educational Assistant- Children’s Center Hours may vary Monday through Friday between 7:30 and 5:30 up to 1000 hours per fiscal year. Under general supervision, assists with providing on-site early childhood education and supervision for infants, toddlers and preschool children when teachers are sick and/or on vacation, teacher daily breaks, teacher daily planning times, daily kitchen duties, and working in the afterschool care program. Full position description: https://employment.coloradocollege.edu/postings/4607 Counselor (Occasional) Provide professional mental health services to the students of Colorado College. Positions Type: On Call Full position description: https://employment.coloradocollege.edu/postings/4746 Driver/Automotive Technician Performs maintenance and repair of college vehicles and maintenance equipment; drives fleet vehicles, including highway buses. Position Type: Full-time -
Proxysg Log Fields and Substitutions
ProxySG Log Fields and Substitutions Version 6.5.x through 7.3.x Guide Revision: 12/10/2020 Symantec Corporation - SGOS 6.x and 7.x Legal Notice Broadcom, the pulse logo, Connecting everything, and Symantec are among the trademarks of Broadcom. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Copyright © 2020 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. For more information, please visit www.broadcom.com. Broadcom reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or data herein to improve reliability, function, or design. Information furnished by Broadcom is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Broadcom does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this information, nor the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Thursday, December 10, 2020 2 of 182 sample-title Table of Contents "About this Document" on the next page Commonly Used Fields: n "Client/Server Bytes" on page 6 n "Connection Details" on page 9 n "DNS" on page 26 n "HTTP" on page 28 n "Request Headers" on page 29 n "Response Headers" on page 63 n "Request/Response Status" on page 102 n "SSL " on page 116 n "Time" on page 123 n "URL" on page 134 n "User Authentication" on page 145 n "WAF" on page 152 Additional Fields: n "CIFS " on page 155 n "MAPI and Office 365" on page 160 n "P2P Connections" on page 163 n "Special Characters" on page 164 n "Streaming Media" on page 167 n "WebEx Proxy" on page 175 "Substitution Modifiers" on page 176 n "Timestamp Modifiers" on page 177 n "String Modifiers " on page 179 n "Host Modifiers" on page 182 3 of 182 Symantec Corporation - SGOS 6.x and 7.x About this Document This document lists all valid ELFF and CPL substitutions for ELFF log formats, and some custom values for custom log formats.