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Approved Conservation Advice for Bosistoa Transversa S. Lat. (Three-Leaved Bosistoa)

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Approved Conservation Advice for Bosistoa Transversa S. Lat. (Three-Leaved Bosistoa) This Conservation Advice was approved by the Minister / Delegate of the Minister on: 1/10/2008 Approved Conservation Advice (s266B of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999) Approved Conservation Advice for Bosistoa transversa s. lat. (Three-leaved Bosistoa) This Conservation Advice has been developed based on the best available information at the time this Conservation Advice was approved; this includes existing plans, records or management prescriptions for this species. The information in this Conservation Advice applies to the species that is listed under the EPBC Act as: Bosistoa transversa Description Bosistoa transversa s. lat., Family Rutaceae, also known as Three-leaved Bosistoa, Heart- leaved Bosistoa, Yellow Satinheart, Heart-leaved Bonewood, is a small to medium tree growing to 22 m high. Leaves are 5–16 cm long, 2.5–9 cm wide; leaflets 1–3, tips pointed to rounded, bases round to wedge-shaped or heart-shaped. Flowers are small and white, and arranged in loose clusters at or near the tips to the branches. Fruit (cocci) are 1 cm wide, hard, transversely ribbed, egg-shaped and have one kidney-shaped seed (Hartley, 1977; Richards, 2002; DECC, 2005a). Bosistoa transversa s. lat. includes the species B selwynii as the latter is now considered a synonym of the former species (Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria 2007). Conservation Status Three-leaved Bosistoa is listed as vulnerable. This species is eligible for listing as vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act) as, prior to the commencement of the EPBC Act, it was listed as vulnerable under Schedule 1 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth). The species is also listed as vulnerable under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). Distribution and Habitat Three-leaved Bosistoa is known from the Richmond River, NSW, to Mt Larcom near Gladstone, Queensland. This species is conserved within Mt Warning National Park, Numbinbah Nature Reserve, Limpinwood Nature Reserve and Whian Whian State Forest (Floyd, 1989). Population information is unavailable; however, it has been asserted that this species is common in its range (Hartley, 2004, pers. comm.). This species occurs within the Northern Rivers (NSW), Fitzroy, Burnett Mary and South East Queensland Natural Resource Management Regions. Three-leaved Bosistoa grows in wet sclerophyll forest, dry sclerophyll forest and rainforest up to 300 m in altitude. Associated vegetation includes Argyrodendron trifoliolatum, Syzygium hodgkinsoniae, Endiandra pubens, Dendrocnide photinophylla, Acmena ingens, Diploglottis australis and Diospyros mabacea (BRI, n.d.). The distribution of this species is not known to overlap with any EPBC Act-listed threatened ecological communities. Bosistoa transversa s. lat. Conservation Advice - Page 1 of 3 This Conservation Advice was approved by the Minister / Delegate of the Minister on: 1/10/2008 Threats The main identified threats to Three-leaved Bosistoa are habitat loss and degradation through clearing, fragmentation and disturbance; weed invasion; grazing by domestic stock; inappropriate fire; and timber harvesting (DECC, 2005a). Research Priorities Research priorities that would inform future regional and local priority actions include: • Collect baseline population and habitat data, using detailed census methods at priority sites and rapid assessment techniques at others (DECC, 2005b). • Model habitat to identify sites for further study (DECC, 2005b). • More precisely assess ecological requirements, fire ecology and critical factors relevant to the recovery of the Three-leaved Bosistoa. Regional and Local Priority Actions The following priority recovery and threat abatement actions can be done to support the recovery of Three-leaved Bosistoa. Habitat Loss, Disturbance and Modification • Monitor known populations to identify key threats. • Monitor the progress of recovery, including the effectiveness of management actions and the need to adapt them if necessary. • Identify populations of high conservation priority for detailed monitoring. • Minimise adverse impacts from land use at known sites, by protecting areas of known habitat from timber harvesting, other land clearing and disturbance (DECC, 2005b). • Protect further populations of the listed species through the development of conservation agreements and/or covenants. • Ensure Three-leaved Bosistoa is adequately considered in parks and reserves management planning and implementation (DECC, 2005b). Fire • Develop and implement a suitable fire management strategy for Three-leaved Bosistoa to protect habitat until fire ecology is understood. • Review Regional Fire Plans, protected area Fire Plans and hazard reduction burn guidelines to include protection for Three-leaved Bosistoa and its habitat (DECC, 2005b). • Provide maps of known occurrences to local and state Rural Fire Services and seek inclusion of mitigative measures in bush fire risk management plans, risk register and/or operation maps. Invasive Weeds • Manage sites to prevent introduction of invasive weeds, which could become a threat to Three-leaved Bosistoa, using appropriate methods. • Ensure chemicals or other mechanisms used to eradicate weeds do not have a significant adverse impact on Three-leaved Bosistoa. Trampling, Browsing or Grazing • Manage known sites to ensure appropriate grazing regimes occur. • Prevent grazing pressure at known sites on leased crown land, riparian zones and rainforest areas through exclusion fencing or other barriers (DECC, 2005b). Conservation Information • Raise awareness of Three-leaved Bosistoa within the local community by encouraging local Landcare groups and bush regeneration teams to implement habitat rehabilitation projects (DECC, 2005a, 2005b). Bosistoa transversa s. lat. Conservation Advice - Page 2 of 3 This Conservation Advice was approved by the Minister / Delegate of the Minister on: 1/10/2008 • Ensure land managers and other stakeholders are aware of known populations, habitat requirements and threats (DECC, 2005b). This list does not necessarily encompass all actions that may be of benefit to Three-leaved Bosistoa, but highlights those that are considered to be of highest priority at the time of preparing the conservation advice. Existing Plans/Management Prescriptions that are Relevant to the Species • NSW Priority Action Statement for Heart-leaved Bonewood (DECC, 2005b), and • Parks and Reserves of the Tweed Caldera – Plan of Management (NSW NPWS, 2004). These prescriptions were current at the time of publishing; please refer to the relevant agency’s website for any updated versions. Information Sources: BRI no date, Queensland Herbarium Specimens, Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Authority, Brisbane. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH) 2007, Australian Plant Census, Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, viewed 17 July 2008, <http://www.anbg.gov.au/chah/apc/interim/Rutaceae.pdf >. Department of Environment & Climate Change New South Wales (DECC) 2005a, Heart-leaved Bonewood – Profile, viewed 22 May 2008, <http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/tsprofile/profile.aspx?id=10874>. Department of Environment & Climate Change New South Wales (DECC) 2005b, Heart-leaved Bonewood – Priority actions (New South Wales Threatened Species Priority Action Statement), viewed 22 May 2008, <http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/tsprofile/pas_profile.aspx?id=10874>. Floyd, AG 1989, Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia, Inkata Press, Melbourne. Hartley, TG 1977, ‘A revision of the genus Bosistoa (Rutaceae)’, Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 416–428. Hartley, TG (Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research), Canberra, 2004. Personal Communication. NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service (NSW NPWS) 2004, Parks and reserves of the Tweed Caldera – Plan of Management, Department of Environment and Climate Change, viewed 3 June 2008, <http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/parks/PoMMountWarningNPEtal.pdf>. Richards, PG 2002, ‘Bosistoa’, In: Harden, GJ (Ed.) Flora of New South Wales, vol. 2, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney. 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