The Movement of the Ainu People

Name Date CHAPTER GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENT The Ainu People Directions: Read the paragraphs below and study the map carefully. Then answer 12 the questions that follow. Section 1 efore settlers from mainland Asia began migrating to They suppressed Ainu religion and language and forced the BJapan, a people known as the Ainu had already existed children of the Ainu to attend Japanese schools. in Japan. This situation is similar to that of North America, Furthermore, like Native Americans, today’s Ainu suffer where an original people, the Native Americans, already from a high rate of alcoholism. lived when European settlers arrived. Today’s Japanese call In the process of assimilation, the Ainu have also lost the Ainu the “Hairy People” because they had long wavy many of their unique physical characteristics, including their hair, thick beards, and hair covering their bodies. European-like faces. One anthropologist who examined The people migrating from mainland Asia formed clans, 19th-century photographs blending and assimilating into a fairly homogeneous popula- of Ainu described them as resembling “ﬁerce, black-beard- tion by about ﬁrst century A.D. Around 400 years later, the ed Norwegians.” Yamato clan established itself as the chief clan. In the forma- tion of a new Japanese culture, the clans forced the Ainu fur- ther north on Honshu and to Hokkaido, remote areas of Japan. As time progressed and the population of Japan increased, the new Japanese discriminated against the Ainu, preventing them from practicing their rituals and traditions. The Movement of the Ainu People MMANCHURIAANCHURIA HHokkokkaaidoido CCHINAHINA Sea of . J apan d e v (East Sea) r e s e r s t h g i r KKOREAOREA l l A . HHonshuonshu c n I l l e KKAYAAYA t t HHeianeian i L l NNaniwaaniwa a PACIFIC g HHakataakata SShikokhikoku u o OCEAN D c KKyuyusshuhu M Early migrations © Yamato area Expansion to 0 500 Miles early 5th century Retreat of Ainu 0 1,000 Kilometers Empires in East Asia 1 2 Name Interpreting Text andVisuals Text Interpreting Unit 7. Whatmighthavebeensomeofther 6. ExplainhowthesituationofAinupeopleissimilartothatNativeAmericansinNorth 5. 4. HowmanymilesseparateHonshuandKoreaatitsclosestpoint?________________________ 3. Whatarethenamesoffourprimaryislandsthatconsistpresent-dayJapan? __________ corearea?2. Atitslongestpoint,howmanymilesistheYamato __________________________ 1. WhatbodyofwaterdidthepeopleAsianeedtocrossinordermigrateJapan? America.______________________________________________________________________ Japanese? ____________________________________________________________________ What isthegreatestnumberofmilesthatAinumighthavebeenforcedtomoveby ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3, Chapter Name 12 easons thattheJapanesediscriminatedagainstAinu? The Ainu People continued © McDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved..

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Japan Has Still Yet to Recognize Ryukyu/Okinawan Peoples
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Alternative Report Submission: Violations of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Japan Prepared for 128th Session, Geneva, 2 March - 27 March, 2020 Submitted by Cultural Survival Cultural Survival 2067 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02140 Tel: 1 (617) 441 5400 [email protected] www.culturalsurvival.org International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Alternative Report Submission: Violations of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Japan I. Reporting Organization Cultural Survival is an international Indigenous rights organization with a global Indigenous leadership and consultative status with ECOSOC since 2005. Cultural Survival is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in the United States. Cultural Survival monitors the protection of Indigenous Peoples’ rights in countries throughout the world and publishes its findings in its magazine, the Cultural Survival Quarterly, and on its website: www.cs.org. II. Introduction The nation of Japan has made some significant strides in addressing historical issues of marginalization and discrimination against the Ainu Peoples. However, Japan has not made the same effort to address such issues regarding the Ryukyu Peoples. Both Peoples have been subject to historical injustices such as suppression of cultural practices and language, removal from land, and discrimination. Today, Ainu individuals continue to suffer greater rates of discrimination, poverty and lower rates of academic success compared to non-Ainu Japanese citizens. Furthermore, the dialogue between the government of Japan and the Ainu Peoples continues to be lacking. The Ryukyu Peoples continue to not be recognized as Indigenous by the Japanese government and face the nonconsensual use of their traditional lands by the United States military.
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