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Nordic Fascism
Nordic Fascism Investigating the Political Project Behind Bollhusmötet Master’s thesis (45 credits) Author’s name: Erik Blohmé Name of supervisor: Heléne Lööw Semester: Spring 2021 Date of Submission: May 17, 2021 HISTORISKA INSTITUTIONEN Abstract This thesis investigates the political project behind the infamous tennis hall meeting, commonly referred to as Bollhusmötet, that took place in February of 1939 in Uppsala, Sweden. Gathering in the local tennis hall, the members of the Uppsala Student Union decided to send a resolution to the Swedish king protesting the reception of Jewish refugees into Sweden in the wake of the 1938 November Pogrom. The protest was widely influential, spurring similar resolutions at other universities and arguably influencing Swedish refugee policy on a national level. The event itself was orchestrated by a group of nationalist students as part of a political project aiming to establish a Nordic power bloc with Sweden as the central power. This political milieu rejected the geopolitics of both England and Germany to promote a specific form of Nordic fascism. Antisemitism was a central part of their ideology, both regarding short- and long-term goals, and antisemitism was also the ultimate motive behind the tennis hall meeting. The architects of these events joined the mainstream conservative milieu in 1940 as part of a strategy to abolish the Swedish political system from within and restructure the Swedish state according to a fascist model bearing many similarities to national socialism. Keywords: Bollhusmötet, Heimdal, Den Svenska Linjen, Arvid Fredborg, fascism, antisemitism, national socialism, Nazism. Acknowledgments I would like to express my gratitude to Heléne Lööw who has supervised this thesis with patience, honesty, and great care. -
Att Riva Det Borgerliga Horhuset Folkbildning För Folkets Och Nationens Historia
Att riva det borgerliga horhuset Folkbildning för folkets och nationens historia SAMUEL EDQUIST Olika vänsterrörelser har alltid ägnat sig åt studier av olika slag, och inte minst var så fallet runt 1968 och dess efterdyningar. Temana kunde vara marxistisk teori, politisk taktik eller att ana- lysera samhället på olika sätt.1 Inte sällan handlade det också om historiska studier. Det skedde bland annat genom bred folkbild- ningsverksamhet – som kulminerade med Gräv där du står-rör- elsen – liksom genom partihistoria, skönlitteratur, musik, teater och mycket annat.2 En ny generation rekryterades från dessa rör- elser till universiteten, där de inledde karriärer som marxistiska historieforskare. Historien var viktig för vänsterrörelsernas självförståelse. Att uttolka Sovjetunionens och Kinas historia, olika partisprängningar eller vad Marx, Engels och Lenin egentligen menat skapade både identifikation och avgränsning mot konkurrerande rörelser. His- torien var samtidigt vägvisaren mot en hägrande, socialistisk fram- tid. Det var då naturligt att lägga stor vikt vid att utforska hur väg- en framåt såg ut. Det förflutna var också ett ideologiskt slagfält och kamp- medel. Till att börja med påtalades ibland att försvararna av den rådande samhällsordningen ville framställa den som tidlös och 1 Kjell Östberg, 1968 – när allting var i rörelse (Stockholm: Prisma, 2002), s. 139, 145f., 161f. och 171f.; Alexander Ekelund, Kampen om vetenskapen. Politisk och vetenskaplig formering under den svenska vänsterradikaliseringens era (Göteborg: Daidalos, 2017). 2 Annika Alzén, Kulturarv i rörelse. En studie av ”gräv där du står”-rörelsen (Möln- dal: Symposion, 2011). 95 1968 OCH PEDAGOGIKEN naturlig, och att historielöshet låg i systembevararnas intresse.3 Men man skulle även ta upp striden mot borgerliga tendenser i den historieskrivning som ändå florerade i samhället. -
2018 National History Bee JV National
NHBB Nationals Bee 2017-2018 Bee JV Final Round Bee JV Final Round Regulation Questions (1) A group that advocates this ideology laid out its founding philosophy in the Eight Historic Documents. A proponent of this political ideology, N.E. Balaram, worked to establish its principles in the state of (+) Kerala. A contemporary proponent of this ideology uses the alias Ganapathy. Advocates of this ideology were targeted by the Indian government in Operation (*) Steeplechase and Operation Green Hunt; those people are the Naxalites. For the points, name this ideology supported by Indian Marxists and Maoists. ANSWER: Communism (accept Naxalites before read; prompt on Maoism or Marxism before read) (2) This man blazed an overland route to the Montana gold fields that became known as his \Immigrant Road." This man was one of several who went to work for William Henry Ashley, who sold his company to (+) Jedidiah Smith, who sold it to this man. While at this man's namesake fort, the Donner Party was assured of the safety of the shortcut that led to their demise. As a youth, this man and John Fitzgerald controversially abandoned (*) Hugh Glass after Glass had been attacked by a bear. The Rocky Mountain Fur Company was established by, for the points, what legendary fur trapper and mountain man? ANSWER: Jim Bridger (3) An oft-photographed rock formation in Port Campbell National Park in Victoria has this name, which was also given to an IRA hit squad that targeted members of the \Cairo Gang" in the 1920s. The crippled Brazilian sculptor (+) Aleijadinho is best known for soapstone carvings of this group of people. -
Indras Dotter – Född Ur En Rysk Dröm1 Om Strindbergs Skuld Till Tjernysjevskij Av Mariusz Kalinowski
Indras Dotter – född ur en rysk dröm1 Om Strindbergs skuld till Tjernysjevskij Av Mariusz Kalinowski Sanningen är alltid oförsynt. (A. Strindberg, Mäster Olof, 1872) Tar jag något sceneri och rekvisita, kanske en scen ur en tarvlig, tämligen okänd historisk roman, så är dramat fortfarande mitt, ty romanförfattarens arbete var icke konstnärligt utarbetat. Men tar jag till exempel Ivanhoe och Rebecka utan att nämna Walter Scotts namn, då är jag inne på andras jaktmark. (A. Strindberg, Ur-tjuva, 1910) År 2008 presenterade jag i Gdańsk texten Fröken Julie – designed in Russia!2, där jag visar att den centrala scenen i Strindbergs drama (navet i dess omtalade ”fina symmetri”), namnen Julie och Jean samt huvuddragen i fröken Julies gestalt är lånade från den ryske författaren Nikolaj Tjernysjevskijs roman Vad bör göras?. Fröken Julie visar sig ha en rysk förlaga: en demimond från Petersburg. Då jag skrev texten trodde jag mig vara ensam om att ha uppmärksammat Tjernysjevskijs betydelse för Strindbergs dramatik. Nu kan jag modifiera uppfattningen i fråga. År 1975 skrev den ryske forskaren Sjarypkin: ”Porträtten av »gamla människor« i romanen Vad bör göras? har i viss mån blivit till litterära prototyper för hjältarna i Strindbergs »naturalistiska« dramer. Personagerna i Fröken Julie (1888), Julie själv och hennes älskare Jean, har inte bara getts samma namn som »de gamla människorna« hos Tjernysjevskij – Jean Solovtsov och fransyskan Julie – utan också liknande karaktärsdrag och liknande syn på livet; de har samma intressen och uppvisar 1 samma stereotypa beteenden.” Osv. Likheterna, skriver Sjarypkin, är ”knappast slumpartade”.3 Tjernysjevskijs inflytande på Strindberg slutar dock inte i och med svenskens ”naturalistiska” period. -
India's Left-Wing Extremists
T H E G L O B A L I N T E L L I G E N C E India’s Left-Wing Extremists Maoists in the rural areas of India continue to threaten and recruit as they prepare for revolution. by Animesh Roul espite the end indiscriminately targeted legislators, security force of- of the Cold War, fcials, civilians, and infrastructures in their so-called left-wing ex- Revolution Zone or Red Corridor, which comprises Dtremism remains a threat swathes of territory including parts of central and east- to global stability. Under ern India. Te Maoist extremists once controlled nearly a Maoist banner, such 40,000 sq. km spread across 20 states. Over the last ten extremists continue to years, nearly 70 districts in nine states have been af- threaten, murder, and conquer in central India. Tey fected by Naxal violence to varying degrees, accord- are known as the Naxal insurgency, or Naxalites, after ing to a modest assessment by India’s Internal Afairs the place they emerged, Naxalbari in the Darjeeling Ministry. Several more states still unofcially consider district of West Bengal. Te left-wing extremist move- themselves a target. ment has plagued India since the mid- 1960s and was once called the greatest threat to the country’s internal secu- rity. It has declined in recent years, but In the decade between 2005 and 2015, there it has not abated. Te Indian Ministry of Home Afairs estimates that in the have been 4,748 civilians and 1,896 security decade between 2005 and 2015, there personnel killed in Maoist-led violence. -
SWEDISH MAOISM After the People's Republic of China Was
CHAPTER EIGHT SWEDISH MAOISM It was people such as these who helped create an image of the human face of China (Colin Mackerras on Jan Myrdal and Sven Lindqvist 1991, 186). After the People’s Republic of China was established in 1949, West- erners were driven out of the country. The new leaders considered the Westerners to be imperialists, and the Chinese state took first their property and then businesses away from them.1 Many had already left because of the Japanese occupation and, apart from a small contingent of Communist sympathizers, those remaining were now forced out. This also spelled the end for the adventurous Western geological expe- ditions and collecting trips. But in Sweden, interest in China survived this setback and rebounded even stronger in the 1970s. The focus of that decade, however, had little to do on the surface with the study of ancient China that had occupied Bernhard Karlgren and Johan Gunnar Andersson. The new Swedish China fever was all about the future. The promise of a New China that would change the world per- meated the Asianist community, and the Swedes were there to glorify the coming utopia. During the sixties and seventies, young Swedes were engaged actively in the ideology of Maoism while they fervently praised the Chinese style of Communism.2 The Swedish media at the same time moved to the left. High-ranking editors wrote lyrical opinions about China’s Cultural Revolution that appeared in Dagens Nyheter, Sweden’s lead- ing daily. When state monopolized television started a second channel in 1968, many staff members were from the radical left.3 The Maoist 1 Sections from the following pages are included in a chapter in The Cold War in Asia: The Battle for Hearts and Minds, edited by Zheng Yangwen, Hong Liu and Michael Szonyi, published by Brill. -
INDIA'scontemporary Security Challenges
Contemporary Security INDIA’S Challenges Edited by Michael Kugelman INDIa’s Contemporary SECURITY CHALLENGES Essays by: Bethany Danyluk Michael Kugelman Dinshaw Mistry Arun Prakash P.V. Ramana Siddharth Srivastava Nandini Sundar Andrew C. Winner Edited by: Michael Kugelman ©2011 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. www.wilsoncenter.org Available from : Asia Program Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 www.wilsoncenter.org ISBN 1-933549-79-3 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, es- tablished by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mis- sion is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publi- cations and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advi- sory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news-letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. -
October 2007 [PDF]
st Hail Historic May1st Declaration Against Revisionism! Intensify Class Struggle, Combat Revisionsm Worldwide!! Contents Vol : 8, No:10, October 2007, Rs. 15 Voice of the Indian Revolution 6 Hydrabad Blasts: An Alibi for a Fascist State 3 May 1st Anti- Revisionist The Fairy Tale of CPM’s Declaration 14 Industrialisation Political Commentary Sprouts of new Homage Gohana and Casteist bias of peoples power Red Salute to Com Ajay da 25 the Indian State 11 Red salute to Comrade Arnab Attack on Jardhan Reddy 12 DK: Ghatak (Benoy, Prasanta) 22 Report Rape of 11 tribal women in Voices from the PLGA- A talk vishakha agency area by the with Company Comrades... 24 Strongly Condemn raids on mercenary greyhounds 19 NDFP leaders & the illegal How the Maoists are running detention of Com. Sison in academic mobile and Political Press Release the Netherlands 27 Schools in Dandakaranya 25 On Martyrdom of Com. Ajoyda 17 Fake Encounter in Karnataka 23 On India’s Nuclear Deal 18 People’s March Articles may be reprinted and translated in various Indian & Foreign Languages without permission, provided the source (www//:peoplesmarch.googlespages.com) is credited EDITOR: P. Govindan Kutty E-mail: [email protected] Mobile No. : 99472 76692 [email protected] [email protected] ................................................................................................................................. Owned, Edited, Printed & Published by P. Govindan Kutty, Peroor house, Tripunithura, N.F. Ernakulam, Kerala — 682 301, Printed at The Best Offset Printers & Publishers, 55 Chittoor road, Ayyappankavu, Kochi — 18 2 PEOPLE'S MARCH, October 2007 M ay 1st 2007 DECLARATION TO REAFFIRM THE SIGNIFICANCE AND RELEVANCE OF THE ANTI-REVISIONIST STRUGGLE ANDTHE GPCR E, the undersigned Marxist-Leninist, Mao Zedong There are ideological, political, socio-economic and Thought and Marxist-Leninist-Maoist parties and cultural causes of modern revisionism. -
Expressionism and Modernism New Approaches to August Strindberg
Expressionism and Modernism New Approaches to August Strindberg Edited by Michael Robinson and Sven Hakon Rossel Edition Praesens Wien 1999 7 Contents Foreword 11 Preface 13 Lotta Gavel Adams The Dance of Death I: The Hells of August Strindberg And Lars Noren - from Swedenborgian Vastation to Bourgeois Waste Land 17 Paul Austin August Strindberg, Sam Shepard, and the Expressionist Impulse 25 Friedrich Buchmayr August Strindberg and the Altered Perception of Modernism 33 Piotr Bukowski August Strindberg and the Expressionist Aesthetics of Par Lagerkvist 47 Harry G. Carlson Theme, Image and Style in August Strindberg's Expressionism 53 Barry Jacobs Expressionist Elements in August Strindberg's Charles the Twelfth 63 Hermann Keckeis August Strindberg and German Opera: Studies in the Transposition of the Genre of Strindberg's Plays in Operatic Dramaturgy - a Textual Analysis 79 Arturo Larcarti August Strindberg in the Periodicals of Austrian Expressionism 93 Barbara Lide Stations of Expressionism: The Great Highway from To Damascus to Contemporary Performance 101 Brigitte Marschall Higher States of Consciousness in August Strindberg's 'Inferno Dramas' 111 Christopher Joseph Mitchell Gender and Marriage Construction Across the 'Inferno': August Strindberg's The Father and The Dance of Death I 121 Jan Myrdal An Exemplary Phase Reversal: The Modernity of August Strindberg 129 UlfOlsson The Bloodstained Sign: The Problem of Expressivity in August Strindberg's Black Banners 139 Michael Robinson August Strindberg and Musical Expressionism in Vienna -
Strindberg Across Borders
Strindberg across Borders edited by Massimo Ciaravolo Strindberg across Borders edited by Massimo Ciaravolo © 2016 Copyright Istituto Italiano Studi Germanici Via Calandrelli, 25 – 00153 Roma The volume has been published with the contribution of The King Gustaf VI Adolf Foundation for Swedish Culture (Stiftelsen Konung Gustaf VI Adolfs fond för svensk kultur) and the patronage of: Associazione Culturale di Scandinavistica Milano Firenze ISBN: 978-88-95868-20-2 Table of Contents 5 Acknowledgements 7 Massimo Ciaravolo, Introduction WORLD LITERATURE 15 Vera Gancheva, August Strindberg – The Phoenix 31 Ann-Charlotte Gavel Adams, Constructing Strindberg’s Life across Borders and Times TRANSLATION 41 Elisabeth Tegelberg, En Strindbergessä i kontrastiv belysning 63 Alexander Künzli and Gunnel Engwall, Strindberg and Transna tionality: The Case of Le Plaidoyer d’un fou GENDER, POLITICS AND SCIENCE 83 Tobias Dahlkvist, Strindberg som vansinnigt geni. Strindberg, Lom broso och frågan om geniets patologi 93 Massimo Ciaravolo, Between Literature and Politics. Strindberg and Scandinavian Radicalism as Seen through his Relationship with Edvard Brandes, Branting and Bjørnson 125 Cecilia Carlander, Strindberg och det androgyna O UTWARD AND INWARD, LOWER AND UPPER REALITY 139 Annie Bourguignon, Var går gränsen mellan jaget och makterna? 151 Deimantė Dementavičiūtė-Stankuvienė, Across Dream: Archety pical Images in Strindberg’s Dream Plays 163 Polina Lisovskaya, Christmas Eve in Strindberg’s Oeuvre 4 Table of Contents 179 Astrid Regnell, Konstens verklighet i En blå bok FORMS OF INTERTEXTUALITY 191 Maria Cristina Lombardi, Grotti and Loki: Two Mythological Be ings in Strindberg’s Literary Production 207 Andreas Wahlberg, Början i moll och finalen i dur. Om överträdan det av den osynliga gränsen i Strindbergs Ensam och Goethes Faust 219 Roland Lysell, Stora landsvägen som summering och metadrama 231 Martin Hellström, Strindberg for Children. -
Let's Stand Against the Indian State's War on People
“Let’s Stand Against the Indian State’s War on People” [A speech by Jan Myrdal, (internationally well-known writer for his support for the people’s movements world-wide), at a public meeting sponsored by the Forum Against War on People, New Delhi, 6 February 2012.] Dear friends, any man’s death diminishes me, about this war. It is a war against the I want to say something on the because I am involved in mankind. people for simple economic reasons. international solidarity movement with And therefore never send to know Greed and profit. That is a truth even the peoples of India. for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for officially documented by the We are here because there is an thee. Government of India. See “Committee ongoing war against the peoples of There is nothing secret about the on State Agrarian Relations and India by the Indian state itself or – to present cruel war against the peoples Unfinished Task of Land Reforms”, put it more charitably – by dominant of India. I could myself witness and Ministry of Rural Development, sections of the Indian state machinery. hear about the war against dalits and Government of India. Volume 1 (Draft You as Indian citizens want to stop this adivasis when I was in Andhra Pradesh Report), March 2009) Conclusion – war. I and other friends of India abroad in 1980 (see India Waits, Sangam “The Biggest Grab of Tribal Lands are trying to organize an international books, Hyderabad) and now 2010 in after Columbus”. solidarity movement with the people Chhattisgarh (see Red Star over India, In India this is well known, the war of India against the horrors of this war. -
Idss Commentaries
RSIS COMMENTARIES (135/2007) RSIS Commentaries are intended to provide timely and, where appropriate, policy relevant background and analysis of contemporary developments. The views of the authors are their own and do not represent the official position of the S.Rajaratnam School of International Studies, NTU. These commentaries may be reproduced electronically or in print with prior permission from RSIS. Due recognition must be given to the author or authors and the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. For more information on this, please do not hesitate to email: [email protected] or call 6790 6982 to speak to the Editor of RSIS Commentaries. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nepal and the Communists: The long march to democracy? Sujoyini Mandal 17 December 2007 Nepal’s Constituent Assembly elections were postponed for the second time on 22 November 2007. This follows the withdrawal of the Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-M) from the government and has exposed the cracks in the arduous road to democracy in Nepal. The absence of governance carries implications for regional security, as shown in the concerns expressed by the United States and India. FOR THE past few decades, Nepal has witnessed the tussle for political power between an autocratic monarchy, the Nepali Congress and its coalition parties, and a violent insurgent Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-M). For almost ten years, the Nepali Maoists have been trying to establish a communist republic. In a decade long civil war between the Maoists and other government forces, close to 13,000 people have been killed. The situation has brought further poverty and hardship to a country that is one of the poorest in Asia.