2019 ENERGY CODE Residential and Nonresidential Ace Title 24, Part 6 Resoures at heet High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily

What are High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Buildings? Multifamily buildings contain multiple dwelling units that share common walls and may also share common floors or Multifamily Buildings ceilings. Hotel and motel buildings, dormitories or other Occupancies R-1, R-2 and R-4 congregate residences (dormitory-style sleeping quarters) with • Low-Rise: three or less habitable six or more “guest rooms,” and townhomes with three habitable stories above grade stories or less are not considered multifamily. • High-Rise: four or more habitable Building type and the number of habitable stories in a stories above grade multifamily building dictate whether it is considered “high-rise” Occupancy R-3 includes single-family or “low-rise” and which of California’s Building Energy Efficiency homes, duplexes and townhomes Standards (Title 24, Part 6 or Energy Code) requirements apply to it. 3-habitable stories or less above grade and is subject to the single-family Mixed Occupancy requirements of the Energy Code. All dwelling units and common areas within a multifamily Occupancy R (residential) building are considered Occupancy R, although common areas may include nonresidential uses that support the residential occupancy, such as leasing offices and gyms. Some different Energy Code requirements apply to the dwelling units than to the common areas. When there are multiple building code occupancy types in a project (i.e., those typically called “mixed-use” buildings with Occupancy M for a retail space and Occupancy R for the multifamily spaces), each occupancy is looked at separately unless the nonresidential occupancy is < 20% of the total conditioned floor area (CFA). In that case, the envelope and mechanical systems of the minor occupancy can show compliance with either the primary occupancy (multifamily) or the minor occupancy requirements (see Tables 1-7 below for details), but the Mandatory measures of the minor occupancy must be met. Indoor lighting for both mixed occupancy buildings and multifamily dwelling units or common areas must meet the applicable Energy Code space type requirements, except when the total low-rise multifamily common area is ≤ 20% of the overall CFA. Such areas require residential high-efficacy luminaires and occupancy sensor controls instead of nonresidential lighting. Why? When applying the Energy Code, it is important to properly identify multifamily projects as low-rise or high-rise. Multifamily projects can be complicated because a mix of nonresidential and residential requirements apply, based on the space types within the building. Relevant Code Sections 2019 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards, Title 24, Part 6: • Section 100.0 – Scope • Section 100.1 – Definitions and Rules of Construction • Subchapter 2 (Sections 110.0-110.12) – All Occupancies – Mandatory Requirements for the Manufacture, Construction and Installation of Systems, Equipment and Building Components • Subchapter 3 (Sections 120.1-120.9) – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/ Motel Occupancies, and Covered Processes – Mandatory Requirements • Section 130.1 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Mandatory Indoor Lighting Controls

2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 1 of 8 2020-11-05 • Section 130.4 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Lighting Control Acceptance and Installation Certificate Requirements • Section 140.3 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Requirements for Building Envelopes • Section 140.4 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Requirements for Space Conditioning Systems • Section 140.5 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Requirements for Service Water Heating Systems • Section 140.6 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Requirements for Indoor Lighting • Section 140.9 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Requirements for Covered Processes • Section 150.0 – Low-Rise Residential Buildings – Mandatory Features and Devices • Section 150.1 – Performance and Prescriptive Compliance Approaches for Low-Rise Residential Buildings • Section 150.2 – Low-Rise Residential Buildings – Additions and Alterations • Joint Reference Appendix JA4 – U-factor, C-factor, and Thermal Mass Data • Joint Reference Appendix JA5 – Technical Specifications for Occupant Controlled Smart Thermostats Mandatory Measures Mandatory requirements that apply to both low- and high-rise multifamily buildings can be found in Subchapter 2 (Sections 110.0 - 110.12). Mandatory requirements must always be met and cannot be traded off, even when using the Performance approach. Prescriptive vs. Performance Measures In addition to meeting these Mandatory requirements, either a Prescriptive or Performance compliance path may be followed for multifamily projects. The Performance path is most commonly used, as it allows flexibility to trade-off performance between building systems associated with the conditioned areas of the project. In order to show compliance using the Performance path, compliance software certified by the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission) must be used. The compliance software compares the building design to a similar building that meets Prescriptive requirements. Additionally, lighting What is a Solar Ready Area? in unconditioned spaces, outdoor lighting and sign lighting must use the Prescriptive A solar ready area or “solar zone” is pathway and cannot be included in the Performance path. a section of the roof designated and reserved for the future installation of a Solar Ready Areas solar photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal Newly constructed multifamily buildings with 4-10 stories or less are required to include system and must be shown on the roof either an allocated solar ready area or show compliance with the appropriate exceptions plans. found in Section 110.10. Low-rise multifamily buildings ≤ 3 stories that have a PV system • Sizing: The solar area must be at installed are not required to have an allocated solar-ready area. least 15% of the total roof area of Section 110.10 also includes requirements for orientation, shading, structural design loads the building (less any skylight area) and interconnection pathways for electrical service. and may consist of multiple sub-areas Exceptions to these requirements for multifamily projects include: provided that each sub-area is at least • The roof is being used for parking or heliport OR 80 ft² with no dimension < 5 feet • Provide JA5-compliant demand response thermostat at each dwelling unit AND one of • Location: The solar area must be the following: located on the roof or overhang of the – Dwelling unit: ENERGY STAR® dishwasher plus either an ENERGY STAR refrigerator building, or on the roof or overhang or a whole house fan driven by an electronically commutated motor OR of another structure located within – Dwelling unit: Home automation system capable of controlling at least the 250 feet of the building, or on covered appliances and lighting, and responding to demand response signals OR parking installed in conjunction with the building project – Building: Alternative plumbing piping system for wastewater irrigation OR – Building: Rainwater catchment system using at least 65% of roof area OR

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 2 of 8 – Meet CALGreen (Title 24, Part 11) Section A4.106.8.2 requiring at least 15% of parking to be EVSE charging ready Exceptions that apply to high-rise multifamily buildings only include: • An installed PV system with DC power rating of at least 1W/ ft² of roof area OR • Solar hot water-heating system meeting the Prescriptive requirements Section 150.1(c)8Biii of 20% solar saving fraction (SSF) in Climate Zones 1-9 and 35% SSF in Climate Zones 10-16. PV Requirements and Battery Storage Options Newly constructed low-rise multifamily buildings are Prescriptively required to have PV systems which are sized based on the building’s Climate Zone and the number of dwelling units (Section 150.1(c)14 Equation 150.1-C) when more than 80 ft² of contiguous roof is available within the effective solar access area(s) and when the building is shown to have an annual solar access of at least 70%. There is an option to reduce the Prescriptive PV minimum sizing requirements and Prescriptive building feature requirements using battery storage utilizing the Performance method for compliance (minimum requirements will apply to battery storage size and controls). See the Residential Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual for more information.

Envelope Mandatory and Prescriptive requirements for roofs, walls, floors and windows vary by building construction type (i.e., wood framed or metal framed) and whether the project is low-rise or high-rise. Multifamily Dwelling Common Mixed Use: Type Unit Areas Nonresidential Occupancies Mandatory measures of minor occupancy must be met. Low-Rise Low-Rise Low-Rise < 20% CFA: Low-Rise Residential Residential Residential §§150.0, 150.1, 150.2 §§150.0, §§150.0, or Nonresidential §§110.8, 120.7, 140.3 150.1, 150.2 150.1, 150.2 ≥ 20% CFA: Nonresidential §§110.8, 120.7, 140.3 High-Rise Nonresidential §§110.8, 120.7, 140.3 Table 1 – Multifamily Requirements: Envelope

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 3 of 8 HVAC Systems Mandatory requirements that apply to both high-rise and low-rise multifamily include those for minimum equipment efficiency, load calculations, duct and pipe insulation, indoor air quality and HVAC thermostats. Low-rise multifamily buildings have additional New Mandatory Mandatory requirements, such as HERS measures and system load sizing. HERS Measures Prescriptive requirements differ between the two building types. For example, high-rise The 2019 Energy Code includes new multifamily buildings require system load sizing and verified duct leakage, while low-rise Mandatory HERS measures for kitchen multifamily buildings need HERS-verified refrigerant charge (dependent on Climate Zone). range hood and IAQ ventilation verification that apply to both low-rise Multifamily Dwelling Common Mixed Use: and high-rise multifamily buildings. Type Unit Areas Nonresidential Occupancies See the Energy Code Ace Fact Sheet on Low-Rise Low-Rise Low-Rise < 20% CFA: Low-Rise Residential §§150.0, HERS requirements for more information Residential Residential 150.1, 150.2 or on HERS measures that will apply to both §§150.0, §§150.0, Nonresidential §§110.2, 120.1, 120.2, 120.4, building types. 150.1, 150.1, 150.2 120.5, 140.4 150.2 ≥ 20% CFA: Nonresidential §§110.2, 120.1, 120.2, 120.4, 120.5, 140.4 High-Rise Nonresidential §§110.2, 120.1, 120.2, 120.4, 120.5, 140.4 Table 2 – Multifamily Requirements: HVAC Systems Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Systems Mandatory requirements apply equally to both high-rise and low-rise multifamily, including minimum equipment efficiency, and pipe insulation thickness and minimum R-values. Prescriptive water heating requirements are the same for high-rise and low-rise multifamily buildings, but there are different Prescriptive requirements for central systems serving multiple dwelling units and individual systems serving individual dwelling units. • Central Systems (§150.1(c)8B): – Gas or propane water heaters – ≥ 2 recirculation loops when serving ≥ 9 dwelling units – 1 recirculation loop allowed for ≤ 8 units – Recirculation pump controls based on hot water demand and return temperature – Solar water heating must meet requirements of §150.1(c)8Biii • Individual Systems: Water heating installation features and specifications depend on utility type (i.e., gas versus electric) per §150.1(c)8A Multifamily Common Areas and Mixed Use: Dwelling Unit Type Nonresidential Occupancies Low-Rise Residential Nonresidential §§110.3, 120.3, 120.9, 140.5 Low-Rise §§110.3, 150.0, 150.1, 150.2 Low-Rise Residential Nonresidential §§110.3, 120.3, 120.9, 140.5 High-Rise §§110.3, 150.0, 150.1, 150.2 Table 3 – Multifamily Requirements: DHW Systems

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 4 of 8 Indoor & Outdoor Lighting Mandatory requirements apply to dwelling unit luminaires and controls for both low-rise and high-rise buildings. Most lighting controls required for common areas and mixed-use nonresidential occupancies are also Mandatory. Prescriptive indoor lighting requirements only apply to the common and mixed-use nonresidential areas. These include wattage allowances, power adjustment factors (PAFs, commonly known as lighting controls for credit) and secondary automatic daylighting controls. Indoor Lighting Requirements Multifamily Multifamily R Occupancy CFA Mixed Use: Nonresidential Occupancies CFA Type Dwelling Common Areas Mandatory measures of minor Unit occupancy must be met. < 20% CFA: Low-Rise < 20% CFA: Low-Rise Residential §150.0 or Low-Rise Residential §150.0 Nonresidential §§110.9, 130.1, Low-Rise Residential 130.4, 140.6 §150.0 80% CFA: Nonresidential ≥ 80% CFA: Nonresidential §§110.9, 130.1, 130.4, ≥ §§110.9, 130.1, 130.4, 140.6 140.6 Low-Rise Residential High-Rise §§150.0, Nonresidential §§110.9, 130.1, 130.4, 140.6 150.1, 150.2 Multifamily Outdoor Lighting Requirements Type Parking < 8 Parking Spaces for Site: Low-Rise Residential §150.0 Lots Low-Rise Including ≥ 8 Parking Spaces for Site: Nonresidential §§110.9, 130.1, Carports 130.4, 140.6 High-Rise Nonresidential §§110.9, 130.2, 140.7 Table 4 – Multifamily Requirements: Indoor & Outdoor Lighting Electrical Power Distribution (EPD) All EPD requirements are Mandatory, and only apply to the common areas and mixed-use nonresidential areas (service metering, separation electrical circuits and controlled 120-volt receptacles). Multifamily Dwelling Unit Common Areas and Mixed Use: Type Nonresidential Occupancies Low-Rise N/A §130.5 High-Rise N/A §130.5 Table 5 – Multifamily Requirements: EPD

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 5 of 8 Covered Process Any applicable Mandatory requirements for Covered Processes in Section 120.6 will apply (including those for Refrigerated Warehouse, Commercial Retail Refrigeration, Enclosed Parking Garage, Compressed Air System, Elevators, and Escalators and Moving Walkways), as will any applicable Prescriptive requirements per Section 140.9 (for Computer Rooms, Commercial Kitchens and Laboratory Exhaust Systems). Elevators and parking garages are among the most typical Covered Processes for multifamily buildings. Multifamily Type Covered Process Applicable Code Section Elevators §120.6(f) Low-Rise Parking Garage §120.6(c) Elevators §120.6(f) High-Rise Parking Garage §120.6(c)

Table 6 – Multifamily Requirements: Covered Processes – Elevators & Parking Garages Design Review and Commissioning (Cx) The Mandatory requirements of Section 120.8 do not apply to either low-rise or high-rise multifamily occupancies, but will apply to mixed-use nonresidential occupancies. Multifamily Dwelling Common Mixed Use: Nonresidential Occupancies Type Unit Areas < 10,000 ft² of CFA: §120.8 Design Review Low-Rise N/A N/A ≥ 10,000 ft² of CFA: §120.8 Design Review and Cx < 10,000 ft² of CFA: §120.8 Design Review High-Rise N/A N/A ≥ 10,000 ft² of CFA: §120.8 Design Review and Cx Table 7 – Multifamily Requirements: Design Review & Cx Compliance Forms: Certificates of Compliance The forms used to show compliance (CF1R for low-rise and NRCC for nonresidential and high-rise multifamily) are dependent on the pathway used (Prescriptive or Performance) and the multifamily building type (low-rise or high-rise). Dwelling unit lighting doesn’t require a Certificate of Compliance as those measures are all Mandatory. Low-rise common area lighting forms depend on the CFA. Newly constructed low-rise multifamily buildings always include HERS measures, so the forms must be registered with a HERS Provider before submitting for permit. High-rise multifamily buildings also always include HERS measures but the Certificate of Compliance will not need to be registered through a HERS Provider, only the applicable Certificate of Verification (NRCV). Mixed Use: Common Areas Multifamily Type Building Feature Dwelling Unit Nonresidential Occupancies < 20% CFA ≥ 20% CFA < 20% CFA ≥ 20% CFA Envelope CF1R CF1R CF1R CF1R or NRCC NRCC Lighting N/A N/A NRCC NRCC NRCC Low-Rise Mechanical CF1R CF1R CF1R CF1R or NRCC NRCC All other NRCC NRCC NRCC NRCC NRCC Envelope NRCC NRCC Lighting N/A NRCC High-Rise Mechanical NRCC NRCC All other NRCC NRCC

Table 8 – Certificates of Compliance: Multifamily

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 6 of 8 • Energy Code Section 140.6 – Nonresidential, High-Rise For More Information Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive Primary Sources Requirements for Indoor Lighting • Energy Code Section 100.0 – Scope energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ index.html#!Documents/section1406prescriptiverequirements Documents/section1000scope1.htm forindoorlighting.htm • Energy Code Section 100.1 – Definitions and Rules of • Energy Code Section 140.9 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Construction Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ Requirements for Covered Processes Documents/section1001definitionsandrulesofconstruction.htm energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ • Energy Code Subchapter 2 (Sections 110.0-110.12) – All Documents/section1409prescriptiverequirementsforcovered Occupancies – Mandatory Requirements for the Manufacture, processes.htm Construction and Installation of Systems, Equipment and • Energy Code Section 150.0 – Low-Rise Residential Buildings – Building Components Mandatory Features and Devices energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ index.html#!Documents/subchapter2alloccupanciesmandatory Documents/section1500mandatoryfeaturesanddevices.htm requirementsforthemanufacturec.htm • Energy Code Section 150.1 – Performance and Prescriptive • Energy Code Subchapter 3 (Sections 120.1-120.9) – Compliance Approaches for Low-Rise Residential Buildings Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ Occupancies, and Covered Processes – Mandatory Documents/section1501performanceandprescriptivecompliance Requirements approachesforlowr.htm energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ Documents/subchapter3nonresidentialhighriseresidentialhotel • Energy Code Section 150.2 – Low-Rise Residential Buildings – moteloccupancie.htm Additions and Alterations • Energy Code Section 130.1 – Nonresidential, High-Rise energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Mandatory Indoor Documents/section1502energyefficiencystandardsforadditions Lighting Controls andalterationsto.htm energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ • Energy Code Joint Reference Appendix JA4 – U-factor, C-factor, index.html#!Documents/section1301mandatoryindoor and Thermal Mass Data lightingcontrols.htm energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ • Energy Code Section 130.4 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Documents/appendixja4ufactorcfactorandthermalmassdata.htm Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Lighting Control • Energy Code Joint Reference Appendix JA5 – Technical Acceptance and Installation Certificate Requirements Specifications for Occupant Controlled Smart Thermostats energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ index.html#!Documents/section1304lightingcontrolacceptance Documents/appendixja5technicalspecificationsforoccupant andinstallationcertificatere.htm controlledsmartther.htm • Energy Code Section 140.3 – Nonresidential, High-Rise Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive California Energy Commission Information & Requirements for Building Envelopes Services energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ • Energy Code Hotline: 1-800-772-3300 (Free) or index.html#!Documents/section1403prescriptiverequirements [email protected] forbuildingenvelopes.htm • Online Resource Center: • Energy Code Section 140.4 – Nonresidential, High-Rise www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building- Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive energy-efficiency-standards/online-resource-center Requirements for Space Conditioning Systems – The Energy Commission’s main web portal for the Energy energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ Code, including information, documents and historical index.html#!Documents/section1404prescriptiverequirements information forspaceconditioningsystems.htm • Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Program: • Energy Code Section 140.5 – Nonresidential, High-Rise www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building- Residential, Hotel/Motel Occupancies – Prescriptive energy-efficiency-standards/online-resource-center/home Requirements for Service Water Heating Systems • What is Your Home Energy Rating? booklet: energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-2019/ www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building- index.html#!Documents/section1405prescriptiverequirements energy-efficiency-standards/online-resource-center/home forservicewaterheatingsystems.htm • California Building Climate Zone Map: www.energy.ca.gov/programs-and-topics/programs/building- energy-efficiency-standards/climate-zone-tool-maps-and

EnergyCodeAce.com 2019 Title 24, Part 6 - Residential and Nonresidential High-Rise and Low-Rise Multifamily Page 7 of 8 Additional Resources • California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) Guides: – Nonresidential Lighting: What’s New in the 2019 Title 24, Part 6 Code? cltc.ucdavis.edu/article/nonresidential-lighting-whats-new- 2019-title-24-part-6-energy-code – Residential Lighting: What’s New in the 2019 Title 24, Part 6 Code? cltc.ucdavis.edu/article/residential-lighting-whats-new-2019- title-24-part-6-energy-code • Energy Code Ace: energycodeace.com – An online “one-stop-shop” providing free resources and training to help appliance and building industry professionals decode and comply with Title 24, Part 6 and Title 20. The site is administered by California’s investor-owned utilities. Of special interest: • Application Guides: energycodeace.com/content/application-guides/ – Nonresidential Lighting and Electrical Power Distribution 2019 – Residential Lighting 2019 • Fact Sheets: energycodeace.com/content/resources-fact-sheets/ – Just the Basics: HERS for Residential and Nonresidential Projects 2019 • Trigger Sheets: energycodeace.com/content/resources-trigger-sheets/ – Residential HVAC Alterations 2019 • Forms Ace™: energycodeace.com/content/forms-ace/ – An interactive tool designed to help you determine which Title 24, Part 6 Forms are applicable to your specific project Please register with the site and select an industry role for your profile in order to receive messages about all our free offerings!

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