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Congressional Record—House H4211

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Congressional Record—House H4211 July 18, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4211 wake up sort of and say, look, this is Guam as part of Japan’s attack on U.S. month epic struggle of the indigenous something that has to be voted on; if forces in the Pacific, including the at- people of Guam, the Chamorro people, we can accomplish that, that is really tack on Pearl Harbor and the Phil- to maintain their dignity and to sur- the way to go. ippines, both areas also having signifi- vive during an occupation by the Japa- But we have to continue to speak cant U.S. forces. They all occurred on nese. out, as we did tonight and we will con- the same day, except that Guam is on In the months leading up to the war tinue to, until we have a freestanding the other side of the date line. This in the Pacific, many of the planners vote on this bill. It is that important. commemoration, which I do annually, had decided that it was not feasible to Mr. MCDERMOTT. I think what peo- and try to bring a little honor and re- defend Guam against the possible inva- ple really need to understand, too, is spect for the experiences of the people sion by Japanese forces in the sur- that in a democracy there should be of Guam, is marked by a laying of the rounding areas. All of the areas in the open debate. Both sides can make their wreath at the Tomb of the Unknowns, Micronesian region were held by Japan, case, and then we put it to a vote and which honors both the American vet- save for Guam. The rest of the islands the majority should rule. We have the erans and remembers the sacrifices of in the central Pacific were held by the majority of votes. The leadership is the people of Guam. Japanese under a League of Nations just using all the maneuvers of the par- This is also a tribute of the necessity mandate, the most significant Japa- liamentary system to keep it locked for peace, for it is only in the remem- nese installations being held in Saipan, up. But the ones they are hurting, not brance of the horrors of war that we do 100 miles to the north, and the naval themselves perhaps, maybe they have really truly remain vigilant in our forces in the Truk Lagoon, some 350 not had the experience yet, but who quest for peace. miles to the south. they are hurting are the American peo- I was privileged to lay a wreath at This decision not to build up Guam ple; and that is unconscionable, should the Tomb of the Unknowns yesterday became a major controversy in the lat- not happen. at Arlington National Cemetery hon- ter part of World War II as people re- We have been too long on the road on oring the liberation of Guam; and I was viewed the records of Congress. Even this, and I congratulate the gentleman assisted by the gentleman from Ari- though an effort was made in Congress, again for putting his time and effort zona (Mr. STUMP), the chairman of the by amendment, to try to reinforce into making this happen. House Committee on Armed Services Guam, it failed; and subsequently the Mr. PALLONE. I thank the gen- and a World War II veteran himself. people of Guam, as well as the island of tleman again. My purpose this evening, in the time Guam, was laid defenseless. f that I have, is to give a historical per- When the Japanese Imperial Forces landed on Guam in December of 1941, TRIBUTE TO VETERANS OF PA- spective to the events we are com- they basically found 153 Marines, 271 CIFIC THEATRE DURING WORLD memorating on Guam at the end of this Navy personnel, 134 workers associated WAR II week, and to enhance the under- with the Pan-American Clipper Sta- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. standing of people across the Nation of the wartime experiences of the people tion, and some 20,000 civilians, KERNS). Under the Speaker’s an- of Guam and the postwar legacy which Chamorro people, who at that time nounced policy of January 3, 2001, the were not U.S. citizens but were termed gentleman from Guam (Mr. UNDER- has framed the relationship of my is- land with the United States. It is a U.S. nationals. All of the American WOOD) is recognized for the time re- military dependents had been evacu- maining until midnight. story that is both a microcosm of the heroism of soldiers everywhere and the ated from Guam in anticipation of the Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I war, with the last ship having left on suffering in particular of civilians in rise today to pay tribute to the vet- October 17, 1941. occupied areas during World War II. erans of the Pacific theatre during Despite the fact that of course we all This is encapsulated in these three World War II, especially for those who think of the Japanese attack on Pearl pictures that I brought with me today, participated in the battle for Guam; Harbor as a surprise attack because of and it is part of a lengthy display that and I also want to take the time to where it took place and the suddenness we have had called tempon gera, the honor the Chamorro people, my people, of it, I think most people at the time time of war. And down here we have the indigenous people of Guam, for were fully cognizant of the fact that 1 basically the cemetery, a temporary their show of courage during the 2 ⁄2 war was eminent in some fashion in the cemetery, in which servicemen were years of enemy occupation, and most Asian Pacific area. And proof of that is especially to pay homage to the many buried right after the battle of Guam. the fact that the American military de- lives lost during World War II, both by Here we have some servicemen enter- pendents were evacuated from Guam. men in uniform and by the civilian taining some children from Guam right But, of course, the people of Guam population in Guam, particularly the after the liberation of Guam. And this were not evacuated. lives lost at the Fena, Tinta, and is the most poignant picture of all. Ac- Chaguian massacres that occurred near tually, these are a couple of kids from b 2330 the end of the Japanese occupation. I the Cruz family. This is a young lady And it was the people who were left will be submitting a list of names for and a young man, and this is probably faced to confront the cruel occupation the record of those who suffered the the most remembered picture of the that they did actually experience in fate of death at those massacres. wartime period in Guam. Their mother subsequent months. The actual defense On July 21, 2001, at the end of this has made a flag. Their mother was a of Guam then fell to these handful of week, the people of Guam will be cele- seamstress, and she hand made this Marines and handful of sailors and ac- brating the 57th anniversary of the lib- flag; and they carried it around at the tually to the Guam ancillary guard and eration of Guam. It is that day that time of the liberation of Guam. Guam militia consisting of civilian re- commemorates the landing of the Guam has a unique story all to itself. serve forces. Third Marine Division on the shores of It is an experience of dignity in the The insular force, which was a lo- Asan and the First Marine Provisional midst of political and wartime machi- cally-manned type militia, actually Brigade, supported by the 77th Army nations of larger powers over smaller were the ones who faced the Japanese. Infantry, in Agat. I wish to extend a peoples as well as a story of loyalty to The Japanese invasion force numbering very warm Hafa Adai and sincere Si America and a demonstration of loy- some 5,000 easily overwhelmed these Yu’os Ma’ase’ to the veterans of that alty that has not been asked of any ci- men in uniform. Ironically, the only conflict who liberated Guam. I would vilian community, I believe, during the ones who really fired any shots in also like to honor and pay respect and entire 20th century. anger were Japanese Imperial Forces, remember the people of Guam and the It is important to understand that were members of the Guam insular suffering they endured for some 21⁄2 Guam was an American territory since guard who had set up some machine years under the enemy occupation of the end of the Spanish-American War gun nests in defense of the Placa de the Japanese Imperial Army. in 1898. It was invaded, as I pointed out Espana and at the governor’s offices. On the morning of December 8, 1941, earlier, in the early morning hours of Throughout the ordeal of the occupa- Japanese troops bombed and invaded December 8, 1941, and thus began a 32- tion, the Chamorro people maintained VerDate 19-JUL-2001 06:00 Jul 19, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00095 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K18JY7.279 pfrm01 PsN: H18PT1 H4212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 18, 2001 their loyalty to America and their forced marches; and the preceding was quickly interrupted by the only faith that American forces would soon months also featured a great deal of Japanese counterattack of the first return to liberate them from the Japa- forced labor as the Japanese tried to day.
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