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CERN Courier–Digital Edition
CERNMarch/April 2021 cerncourier.com COURIERReporting on international high-energy physics WELCOME CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the March/April 2021 issue of CERN Courier. Hadron colliders have contributed to a golden era of discovery in high-energy physics, hosting experiments that have enabled physicists to unearth the cornerstones of the Standard Model. This success story began 50 years ago with CERN’s Intersecting Storage Rings (featured on the cover of this issue) and culminated in the Large Hadron Collider (p38) – which has spawned thousands of papers in its first 10 years of operations alone (p47). It also bodes well for a potential future circular collider at CERN operating at a centre-of-mass energy of at least 100 TeV, a feasibility study for which is now in full swing. Even hadron colliders have their limits, however. To explore possible new physics at the highest energy scales, physicists are mounting a series of experiments to search for very weakly interacting “slim” particles that arise from extensions in the Standard Model (p25). Also celebrating a golden anniversary this year is the Institute for Nuclear Research in Moscow (p33), while, elsewhere in this issue: quantum sensors HADRON COLLIDERS target gravitational waves (p10); X-rays go behind the scenes of supernova 50 years of discovery 1987A (p12); a high-performance computing collaboration forms to handle the big-physics data onslaught (p22); Steven Weinberg talks about his latest work (p51); and much more. To sign up to the new-issue alert, please visit: http://comms.iop.org/k/iop/cerncourier To subscribe to the magazine, please visit: https://cerncourier.com/p/about-cern-courier EDITOR: MATTHEW CHALMERS, CERN DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY IOP PUBLISHING ATLAS spots rare Higgs decay Weinberg on effective field theory Hunting for WISPs CCMarApr21_Cover_v1.indd 1 12/02/2021 09:24 CERNCOURIER www. -
Pos(EPS-HEP 2013)161 ∗ [email protected] Speaker
Searches for Supersymmetry PoS(EPS-HEP 2013)161 Oliver Buchmueller∗ Imperial College London E-mail: [email protected] on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations Since its first physics operation in 2010, the Large Hadron Collider at CERN has set a precedent in searches for supersymmetry. This proceeding report provides a brief overview on the current status of searches for supersymmetry at the LHC. The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics -EPS-HEP2013 18-24 July 2013 Stockholm, Sweden ∗Speaker. c Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence. http://pos.sissa.it/ Searches for Supersymmetry Oliver Buchmueller MSUGRA/CMSSM: tan() = 30, A = -2m0, µ > 0 Status: SUSY 2013 1000 0 SUSY 95% CL limits. theory not included. LSP [GeV] ATLAS Preliminary Expected 0-lepton, 2-6 jets h (122 GeV) 1/2 900 -1 Observed ATLAS-CONF-2013-047 L dt = 20.1 - 20.7 fb , s = 8 TeV m Expected 0-lepton, 7-10 jets Observed arXiv: 1308.1841 Expected 0-1 lepton, 3 b-jets 800 Observed ATLAS-CONF-2013-061 Expected 1-lepton + jets + MET Observed ATLAS-CONF-2013-062 h (124 GeV) Expected 1-2 taus + jets + MET 700 Observed ATLAS-CONF-2013-026 h (126 GeV) Expected 2-SS-leptons, 0 - 3 b-jets PoS(EPS-HEP 2013)161 Observed ATLAS-CONF-2013-007 600 ~g (1400 GeV) 500 ~g (1000 GeV) ~ 400 q ~ q (2000 GeV) (1600 GeV) 300 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 m0 [GeV] Figure 1: 95% C.L. -
A Search for Supersymmetry in Events with Photons and Jets from Proton-Proton Collisions at √S = 7 Tev with the CMS Detector R
A Search for Supersymmetry in Events with Photons and Jets from Proton-Proton Collisions at ps = 7 TeV with the CMS Detector Robin James Nandi High Energy Physics Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London A thesis submitted to Imperial College London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and the Diploma of Imperial College. May 2012 Abstract An exclusion of Gauge Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking at 95% confidence level is 1 made in the squark mass vs gluino mass parameter space using 1:1 fb− of proton-proton collisions data from the Large Hadron Collider. The event selection is based on the strong production signature of photons, jets and missing transverse energy. Missing transverse energy is used to distinguish signal from background. The background is estimated with a data driven technique. The CLs method is used to exclude models with squark mass and gluino mass up to around 1 TeV. 1 Declaration This thesis is my own work. Information taken from other sources is appropriately refer- enced. Robin J. Nandi 2 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisors Jonathan Hays and Chris Seez for their help and guidance. I would also like to thank the high energy physics group at Imperial College for taking me on as a PhD student and giving me support. I also acknowledge STFC for their financial support. I would also like to thank my friends and fellow PhD students: Paul Schaack, Arlo Bryer, Michael Cutajar, Zoe Hatherell and Alex Sparrow for helping me out, being with me in the office and making my time in Geneva and London more enjoyable. -
CERN Courier – Digital Edition Welcome to the Digital Edition of the January/February 2013 Issue of CERN Courier – the First Digital Edition of This Magazine
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 3 N UMBER 1 J ANUARY /F EBRUARY 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the January/February 2013 issue of CERN Courier – the first digital edition of this magazine. CERN Courier dates back to August 1959, when the first issue appeared, consisting of eight black-and-white pages. Since then it has seen many changes in design and layout, leading to the current full-colour editions of more than 50 pages on average. It went on the web for the High luminosity: first time in October 1998, when IOP Publishing took over the production work. Now, we have taken another step forward with this digital edition, which provides yet another means to access the content beyond the web the heat is on and print editions, which continue as before. Back in 1959, the first issue reported on progress towards the start of CERN’s first proton synchrotron. This current issue includes a report from the physics frontier as seen by the ATLAS experiment at the laboratory’s current flagship, the LHC, as well as a look at work that is under way to get the most from this remarkable machine in future. Particle physics has changed a great deal since 1959 and this is reflected in the article on the emergence of QCD, the theory of the strong interaction, in the early 1970s. To sign up to the new issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up To subscribe to the print edition, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe LHC PHYSICS FERMILAB FRONTIER Using monojets Oddone to retire to point the way after eight PHYSICS EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN to new physics fruitful years Opening up DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p7 p35 interdisciplinarity p33 CERNCOURIER www. -
Cleo/Qels 2006
CLEO/QELS 2006 Technical Conference: May 21-26, 2006 Exposition: May 23-25, 2006 Long Beach Convention Center, Long Beach, CA, USA CLEO/QELS & PhAST 2006 once again reiterated their roles as the leading events for the fields of lasers, electro-optics and photonics. With more than 1,500 talks on the latest breakthroughs in research and applications, these conferences are the source of the most timely and innovative new developments for the industry. Consistent with previous year's shows, attendance reached 5,200. Technical attendance was strong at more than 2,500 and exhibit walk-in traffic remained steady with 2005. The CLEO exhibition showcased 358 participating companies this year, with almost a 100 percent increase in corporate sponsor participation. The show really is an international must- attend event, with approximately 25% of companies coming from outside the United States. There also were exciting new programs and topics introduced at the 2006 event. The PhAST conference established the PhAST/Laser Focus World Innovation Award which recognizes a company who has developed one of the most promising new products in the field. This year, Daylight Solutions won for its submission, "Commercializing the Mid-IR" and four honorable mentions were given to Thorlabs, Sacher Lasertechnik, Fianium and PolarOnyx. CLEO also launched the Terahertz Technologies and Applications subcommittee, a new topic area developed due to a consistent increase in papers in this area over the last few meetings. CLEO/QELS and PhAST had a great year in 2006. We're looking forward to seeing you in Baltimore , May 6-11, 2007. Conference Program Postdeadline Papers CPDA-CLEO Postdeadline Session I CPDA1 St. -
Switching Neutrinos
Research in Progress Physics Fl avor- -Switching Neutrinos rof. Ewa Rondio from the National P Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) explains the nature of neutrinos, the measurements taken by the Super-Kamiokande detector, and the involvement of Polish scientists in the project. MIJAKOWSKI PIOTR ACADEMIA: What are neutrinos? What is the difference between the neutrinos that PROF. EWA RONDIO: Literally translated, the word come from space and the neutrinos created on Earth? “neutrino” means “little neutral one.” The name was Neutrinos arriving from space are almost as abundant first suggested when the existence of neutrinos was as photons in the cosmic background radiation, but proposed to patch up the law of conservation of en- their energies are so small that we’re unable to detect ergy. It had turned out that without postulating their them. We can’t see them, even though there are so existence we could not explain why the spectrum of many of them. We can only observe higher-energy energy in beta decay is continuous, whereas two-body neutrinos, for example those arriving from the Sun. decay should give a single constant value. Back then, At first glance, they do not differ in any way from that postulate was considered very risky, because it those made on Earth. However, they have somewhat was believed that such particles would be impossible different energies. Also, those arriving from space are to observe. Experimental physicists have nowadays predominantly neutrinos, whereas those we produce managed that, although it took them quite a long time. on Earth produce are chiefly antineutrinos. -
The Wrangler3.2
Issue No. 3, Autumn 2004 Leicester The Maths Wrangler From the mathematicians at the University of Leicester http://www.math.le.ac.uk/ email: [email protected] WELCOME TO The Wrangler This is the third issue of our maths newsletter from the University of Leicester’s Department of Mathematics. You can pick it up on-line and all the back issues at our new web address http://www.math.le.ac.uk/WRANGLER. If you would like to be added to our mailing list or have suggestions, just drop us a line at [email protected], we’ll be flattered! What do we have here in this new issue? You may wonder what wallpaper and frying pans have to do with each other. We will tell you a fascinating story how they come up in new interdisciplinary research linking geometry and physics. We portrait our chancellor Sir Michael Atiyah, who recently has received the Abel prize, the maths equivalent of the Nobel prize. Sir Michael Atiyah will also open the new building of the MMC, which will be named after him, with a public maths lecture. Everyone is very welcome! More info at our new homepage http://www.math.le.ac.uk/ Contents Welcome to The Wrangler Wallpaper and Frying Pans - Linking Geometry and Physics K-Theory, Geometry and Physics - Sir Michael Atiyah gets Abel Prize The GooglePlexor The Mathematical Modelling Centre MMC The chancellor of the University of Leicester and world famous mathematician Sir Michael Atiyah (middle) receives the Abel Prize of the year 2004 together with colleague Isadore Singer (left) during the prize ceremony with King Harald of Norway. -
The Discovery of the Higgs Boson at the LHC
Chapter 6 The Discovery of the Higgs Boson at the LHC Peter Jenni and Tejinder S. Virdee 6.1 Introduction and the Standard Model The standard model of particle physics (SM) is a theory that is based upon principles of great beauty and simplicity. The theory comprises the building blocks of visible matter, the fundamental fermions: quarks and leptons, and the fundamental bosons that mediate three of the four fundamental interactions; photons for electromag- netism, the W and Z bosons for the weak interaction and gluons for the strong interaction (Fig. 6.1). The SM provides a very successful description of the visible universe and has been verified in many experiments to a very high precision. It has an enormous range of applicability and validity. So far no significant deviations have been observed experimentally. The possibility of installing a proton-proton accelerator in the LEP tunnel, after the e+e− programme, was being discussed in the 1980’s. At the time there were many profound open questions in particle physics, and several are still present. In simple terms these are: what is the origin of mass i.e. how do fundamental particles acquire mass, and why do they have the masses that they have? Why is there more matter than anti-matter? What is dark matter? What is the path towards unification of all forces? Do we live in a world with more space-time dimensions than the familiar four? The LHC [1, 2] was conceived to address or shed light on these questions. P. Jenni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany T. -
Neutrinos from Stored Muons; Nustorm Letter of Interest to Snowmass 2021†
nuSTORM collaboration Final August 31, 2020 Neutrinos from stored muons; nuSTORM Letter of Interest to Snowmass 2021y Cover page Neutrino Frontier Energy Frontier Topical Groups: Topical Groups: (NF1) Neutrino oscillations (AF1) Beam Physics & Accelerator Education (NF2) Sterile neutrinos (AF2) Accelerators for Neutrinos (NF3) Beyond the Standard Model (AF3) Accelerators for EW/Higgs (NF4) Neutrinos from natural sources (AF4) Multi-TeV Colliders (NF5) Neutrino properties (AF5) Accelerators for PBC/Rare Processes (NF6) Neutrino cross sections (AF6) Advanced Accelerator Concepts (NF7) Applications (AF7) Accelerator Technology R&D (NF8) Theory of neutrino physics (NF9) Artificial neutrino sources (NF10) Neutrino detectors Other frontiers: Energy Frontier yContact1: Kenneth Long (k.long[at]imperial.ac.uk) Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SWZ 2AZ, UK; and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK 1nuSTORM collaboration list presented in the appendix. nuSTORM collaboration Final August 31, 2020 Neutrinos from stored muons; nuSTORM Letter of Interest to Snowmass 2021 Overview The ‘Neutrinos from Stored Muons’ facility, nuSTORM, will provide intense beams composed of equal fluxes of electron- and muon-neutrinos for which the energy spectrum is known precisely from the decay of muons confined within a storage ring [1]. It will be possible to store muon beams with central momentum from 1 GeV/c to 6 GeV/c with a momentum acceptance of 16%. The nuSTORM facility will have the capability to: ,- ,- • Serve a definitive neutrino-nucleus scattering programme with uniquely well-characterised ν e and ν µ beams; • Allow searches for light sterile neutrinos with the exquisite sensitivity necessary to go beyond the reach of the FNAL Short Baseline Neutrino programme; and • Provide the technology test-bed required for the development of muon beams capable of serving as the basis for a multi-TeV lepton-antilepton (muon) collider. -
Magdi Yacoub: King Responsibility Effect of Hearts...Saved the Lives of Thousands of Reports 40 -47 People
www.eiod.org October - December 2010 Magazine publishedby EIoD October -December2010Issue12 Not for Sale for Not Executive Director’s Letter MANAGEMENT AND BOARD: A POINT OF STRENGTH OR WEAKNESS The relationship between Boards and management is one of the main reasons for success or failure of companies. Moreover, board-management relationship has direct impact on the future of companies and their ability to protect shareholders rights. Hence the Egyptian code of corporate governance covers this relationship in a detailed manner. I may not be exaggerating if I say that that this relationship is one of the major challenges facing companies that EIoD sees evident in dealing with various types of businesses. Basically, the General Assembly, GA, or owners of the company elects the board to oversee the executive management, and to make sure that the company has all the ingredients for success, including internal controls, risk management, strategic management, and all the other systems and work procedures. The board is also responsible for the appointment of a CEO, or the top executive, and determines overall goals and achievements expected from the management. Furthermore, directors use their relationships with various stakeholders to support the company’s activities and to open new markets. The General Assembly is to monitor and evaluate the Board performance, and decides whether to keep it, to change some of its members or to change it completely. Therefore, it is important that the GA members are not themselves company directors. If this is the case, it means that the board is accountable to itself in the form of the GA. -
National Academy of Sciences July 1, 1979 Officers
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JULY 1, 1979 OFFICERS Term expires President-PHILIP HANDLER June 30, 1981 Vice-President-SAUNDERS MAC LANE June 30, 1981 Home Secretary-BRYCE CRAWFORD,JR. June 30, 1983 Foreign Secretary-THOMAS F. MALONE June 30, 1982 Treasurer-E. R. PIORE June 30, 1980 Executive Officer Comptroller Robert M. White David Williams COUNCIL Abelson, Philip H. (1981) Markert,C. L. (1980) Berg, Paul (1982) Nierenberg,William A. (1982) Berliner, Robert W. (1981) Piore, E. R. (1980) Bing, R. H. (1980) Ranney, H. M. (1980) Crawford,Bryce, Jr. (1983) Simon, Herbert A. (1981) Friedman, Herbert (1982) Solow, R. M. (1980) Handler, Philip (1981) Thomas, Lewis (1982) Mac Lane, Saunders (1981) Townes, Charles H. (1981) Malone, Thomas F. (1982) Downloaded by guest on September 30, 2021 SECTIONS The Academyis divided into the followingSections, to which membersare assigned at their own choice: (11) Mathematics (31) Engineering (12) Astronomy (32) Applied Biology (13) Physics (33) Applied Physical and (14) Chemistry Mathematical Sciences (15) Geology (41) Medical Genetics Hema- (16) Geophysics tology, and Oncology (21) Biochemistry (42) Medical Physiology, En- (22) Cellularand Develop- docrinology,and Me- mental Biology tabolism (23) Physiological and Phar- (43) Medical Microbiology macologicalSciences and Immunology (24) Neurobiology (51) Anthropology (25) Botany (52) Psychology (26) Genetics (53) Social and Political Sci- (27) Population Biology, Evo- ences lution, and Ecology (54) Economic Sciences In the alphabetical list of members,the numbersin parentheses, followingyear of election, indicate the respective Class and Section of the member. CLASSES The members of Sections are grouped in the following Classes: I. Physical and Mathematical Sciences (Sections 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16). -
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..f.,5$1______ -~ survey -------) WHO WAS WHO IN KINETICS, REACTION ENGINEERING, AND CATALYSIS CAMI L. JACKSON AND JOSEPH H . HOLLES University of liyoming • Laramie, WY 82071 n the tradition of "Who was Who in Transport Phenom We have tried to include the names that are encountered ena" by Byron Bird in Chemical Engineering Education,CI J frequently in textbooks for both undergraduates and gradu Iwe have developed a similar set of microbiographies for ates (by noted authors such as Levenspiel, Hill, Fogler, and persons in the fields of kinetics, reaction engineering, and Froment and Bischoff). Again, we follow Bird's lead and do catalysis. As noted by Bird, an otherwise typical lecture not include these people simply for authoring books in these can be enlivened by presenting biographical information fields . We do, however, include-where appropriate- famous about the people whose names appear in famous equations, texts written by those scientists and engineers included for dimensionless groups, plots, approximations, and theories . other reasons. We have tried to focus on those persons who The wide variety of applications for this type of information contributed to the science of a field and not just contributed to has been demonstrated by using activity breaks to teach the a specific reaction or system (e.g., Haber and Bosch). While history of our professionl21 and as trading card rewards for contributions to specific reactions or systems are important, academic performance _l31 we elected not to include them in order to limit the scope of With the introduction and widespread acceptance ofWiki the project. Finally, we have tried to include interesting non pedia, basic biographical information on many of the early technical or non-professional information where possible to contributors to the profession of chemical engineering can be show the breadth of these individuals.