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C r/rr//tj rj/'ffftT* stf/WrM COMMUNIST INFILTRATION OF HOLLYWOOD MOTION-PICTURE INDUSTRY-PART 5 HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EIGHTY-SECOND CONGKESS FIRST SESSION SEPTEMBER 20, 21, 24 AND 25, 1951 Printed for the use of the Committee on Un-American Activities UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 81595 WASHINGTON : 1951 COMMITTEE ON UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES United States House of Representatives JOHN S. WOOD, Georgia, Chairman FRANCIS E. WALTER, Pennsylvania HAROLD H. VELDE, Illinois MORGAN M. MOULDER, Missouri BERNARD W. KEARNEY, New York CLYDE DOYLE, California DONALD L. JACKSON, California JAMES B. FRAZIER, Jr., Tennessee CHARLES E. POTTER, Michigan Subcommittee Appointed To Sit in Los Angeles, Calif., To Hold Hearings Under This Title JOHN S. WOOD, Georgia, Chairman, 1 FRANCIS E. WALTER, Pennsylvania DONALD L. JACKSON, California CLYDE DOYLE, California CHARLES E. POTTER, Michigan Frank S. Tavenner, Jr., Counsel Louis J. Russell, Senior Investigator John W. Carrington, Cleric of Committee Raphael I. Nixon, Director of Research 1 Acting chairman in the absence of Representative John S. Wood. n CONTENTS September 20, 1951: Testimony of— Pae« Robert L. Richards 1640 Ann Roth Morgan Richards 1650 Ellenore Abowitz 1654 Marguerite Roberts ., 1666 Michael Wilson 1674 John Sanford 1680 David Raskin 1682 William Blowitz _. 1696 Herta Uerkvitz 1699 September 21, 1951: Testimony of— Max Howard Schoen 1703 Elizabeth Wilson 1716 Jeff Corey 1733 Mary Virginia Farmer 1736 Louise Rousseau 1739 Dr. Murray Abowitz 1742 September 24, 1951: Testimony of— Carl Foreman 1753 Reuben Ship 1771 Bernyce Polifka Fleury 1775 Donald Gordon 1785 Josef Mischel 1793 Lester Koenig 1905 September 25, 1951: Testimony of— George Beck 1817 Karl Tunberg 1834 Sidney Buchman 1856 in COMMUNIST INFILTRATION OF HOLLYWOOD MOTION- PICTURE INDUSTRY—PART 5 THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1951 United States House of Representatives, Subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities, Los Angeles* Calif. PUBLIC HEARING A subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities met pursuant to adjournment at 10 : 10 a. m. in room 518, Federal Build- ing, Los Angeles, Calif., Hon. John S. Wood (chairman), presiding. Committee members present: Representatives John S. Wood (chairman), Francis E. Walter, Clyde Doyle, Donald L. Jackson, and Charles E. Potter. Staff members present: Frank S. Tavenner, Jr., counsel; Thomas W. Beale, Sr., assistant counsel; Louis J. Russell, senior investigator; William A. Wheeler, investigator; and John W. Carrington, clerk. Mr. Wood. Let the committee be in order, please. Let the record disclose that the entire subcommittee is present. Are you ready to proceed, Mr. Counsel ? Mr. Tavenner. Yes, sir. Mr. Wood. Who do you have first ? Mr. Tavenner. Mrs. Ellenore Abowitz. Mr. Wood. Mrs. Abowitz. Mr. Kenny. I am representing Mrs. Abowitz. She doesn't seem to have arrived yet. She will be here shortly, I'm sure. Mr. Wood. Does it interfere with your program, Mr. Counsel ? If so we will take a short recess until she comes. Mr. Tavenner. What is your judgment of the time she will arrive? Mr. Kenny. I talked to her earlier this morning and she lives quite a distance out and she was on her way down. I expect her any moment. Mr. Tavenner. If that is so then, Mr. Chairman, I suggest that we wait a few minutes. Mr. Wood. Very well. The committee will stand in recess for 5 minutes to see if she will arrive in that time, and if not we will proceed with something else. (A short recess was here taken.) Mr. Wood. Let the committee be in order. Mr. Tavenner. Mr. Chairman, I am informed that the witness has had transportation difficulties and it may be as much as a half hour before she arrives. In light of that I think we may as well proceed with another witness. 1639 1640 COMMUNISM IN MOTION-PICTURE INDUSTRY Mr. Wood. Very well. Whom do you call ? Mr. Tavenner. Mr. Robert L. Richards. Mr. Wood. Are you Mr. Robert Richards ? Mr. Richards. I am. Mr. Wood. Raise your right hand, sir, and be sworn. You do sol- emnly swear that the evidence you give this subcommittee will be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help you God ? Mr. Richards. I do. TESTIMONY OF ROBERT L. RICHARDS, ACCOMPANIED BY HIS COUNSEL, ROBERT KENNY Mr. Wood. Have a seat, sir. Are you represented by counsel? Mr. Richards. I am. Mr. Wood. Will counsel please identify himself for the record? Mr. Kenny. Robert Kenny, of Los Angeles. Mr. Wood. You may proceed, Mr. Tavenner. Mr. Tavenner. You are Mr. Robert Richards ? Mr. Richards. I would like to raise a question. I don't know whether I am being on television here or not, but I see the television cameras here. Are they in operation ? Mr. Tavenner. It is assumed that they are. I never know when they are and when they are not. Mr. Richards. Is there any question as to my privilege of being on this television or not ? Mr. Tavenner. I should think if you have any objection to it, the chairman and the committee will consider your objection and act upon it. Mr. Richards. Yes; I think I do, if you have no objection to my objection. Mr. Wood. That is a qualified objection. If you object Mr. Richards. Yes; I do. (Discussion off the record among members of the committee.) Mr. Wood. It is the decision of the committee that your objections will be respected Mr. Richards. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Wood. And you will not appear on any television that is in the room. Mr. Richards. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Tavenner. Will you instruct them that the television be cut off? Mr. Wood. The television people are instructed not to televize this witness. Mr. Tavenner. Mr. Richards Mr. Walter. Just a minute, Mr. Tavenner. Mr. Wood. In view of the fact that television facilities are—may I have attention, please? Mr. Rtciiards. I beg your pardon. Mr. Wood. That the television facilities are permitted in the hear- ing room through the courtesy of the committee I am sure that it isn't necessary for me to caution them with respect to the directive that has been given now that the witness is not to be shown on tele- vision. COMMUNISM IN MOTION-PICTURE INDUSTRY 1641 Mr. Richards. I hadn't understood, Mr. Chairman, I'm sorry. This means, then, that my face will not appear on television but my voice is that correct? will ; Mr. Wood. Your voice will appear whether the television is in here or not. Mr. Kichards. That is true. I understand. Mr. Wood. There is no difference in the character of the testimony that you will give here now than it would be if these television cameras were not in the room. Mr. Kichards. I understand perfectly, sir. Mr. Wood. Is that satisfactory ? Mr. Richards. Yes, indeed. By all means. Mr. Wood. You may proceed, Mr. Counsel. Mr. Tavenner. Will you please state your full name, Mr. Rich- ards. Mr. Richards. Robert Loring Richards. Mr. Tavenner. When and where were you born. Mr. Richards ? Mr. Richards. I was born in New York City, March 1, 1909. Mr. Tavenner. What is your profession or occupation ? Mr. Richards. I am a writer. Mr. Tavenner. How long have you been a writer ? Mr. Richards. I have been a writer since about 1936. Mr. Tavenner. Will you state to the committee briefly what your educational training has been for the practice of your profession ? Mr. Richards. Yes. I attended the Horace Mann School in New York City—high school—and graduated from Harvard College in 1932. Mr. Tavenner. Will you state briefly what your record of em- ployment has been ? Mr. Richards. I worked for Time, Inc., for about 7 years. I was a writer for and subsequently producer of the March of Time radio pro- gram. I was an associate producer of the March of Time on the screen. That is, the documentary—the newsreel. I left Time mag- azine and worked in an advertising agency for about a year, in radio. I came out to Hollywood about the end of 1942, did some radio, joined the merchant marine, subsequently went into motion pictures. I have been employed for about—I am a little vague on dates—about 4 years quite steadily, writing screen plays in the motion-picture in- dustry. Mr. Tavenner. When did you state that you came to Hollywood? Mr. Richards. I think it was the end of 1942. I am not sure. Mr. Tavenner. Well, in 1942 the Communist Party line, as it was recognized in this country, was the establishment of a second front. Of course, anyone had the right to sponsor the establishment of a second front. We are interested now in learning the extent to which the Communist Party line, which had consisted of that principle, was advocated by organizations influenced by the Communist Party. If you have any information on that subject the committee would like to have it. Mr. Richards. I must—I shall—I will decline to answer that ques- tion on the grounds of possible incrimination and claim my privileges under the fifth amendment of the Constitution of the United States to so den}7—to so decline to answer that. 1642 COMMUNISM IN MOTION-PICTURE industry Mr. Tavexxer. "Well, there appeared an article in tlie September 14, 1942, issue of the Daily Worker to the effect that the League of American Writers was sponsoring the immediate opening of a second front, and I hand you the article in question. It appears from this article that your name was endorsed to this plan as sponsored by the League of American "Writers.