DOCSLIB.ORG

Propriétés Structurales, Opto-Électroniques, Élastiques Et Dynamiques Des Semi-Conducteurs Type II-VI

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Propriétés Structurales, Opto-Électroniques, Élastiques Et Dynamiques Des Semi-Conducteurs Type II-VI REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE UNIVERSITE FERHAT ABBAS – SETIF THESE Présentée à la faculté des Sciences Département de Physique Pour l’obtention du diplôme de DOCTORAT EN SCIENCES Option : physique du solide Par Mr. Benamrani Ammar Thème Propriétés structurales, opto-électroniques, élastiques et dynamiques des Semi-conducteurs type II-VI Soutenue le : 02/06/2012 Devant la commission d’examen : Dr. L. Louail Prof. U. F. A. SETIF Président Dr. K. Kassali Prof. U. F. A. SETIF Rapporteur Dr. Kh. Bouamama Prof. U. F. A. SETIF Co-Encadreur Dr. B. Bennecer Prof. U. Guelma Examinateur Dr. A. El Akrmi Prof. U. Annaba Examinateur Dr. H. Belkhir Prof. U. Annaba Examinateur À la mémoire de mon père, À ma mère, qui m’a enseigné le sens de la patience et de l’espoir, À ma femme, À toute ma famille À toute personne qui explore honnêtement les secrets de ce monde vaste, Je dédie ce modeste travail Remerciements REMERCIEMENTS Ce travail a été réalisé au laboratoire d’optoélectronique et des composants à l’université Ferhat Abbes à Sétif. Je tiens à remercier profondément Pr. Kamel Kassali, mon directeur de thèse pour m’avoir proposé ce thème intéressant et pour sa patience durant toutes les années de préparation de la thèse ainsi que ses conseils précieux et ses réponses à toutes mes questions reliées à mon sujet de thèse. J’exprime également toute ma reconnaissance à Mr. Kh. Bouamama, Professeur à l’université Ferhat Abbes de Sétif, qui m’a grandement fait profiter de ses fructueuses discussions en codes de calcul et dans mon sujet de thèse. Son aide a souvent été précieuse. Mes grands remerciements s'adressent à Mr L. Louail, Professeur à l'université Ferhat Abbas Sétif de me faire l’honneur de présider le jury. Je remercie également Mr A. El Akrmi , Mr H. Belkhir, Professeurs à l’université Badji Mokhtar de Annaba et Mr B. Bennecer , Professeur à l'université de Guelma d’avoir accepter d’examiner ce travail et de faire partie du jury. Je remercie Dr A. Muňoz, Professeur à l’université de Tenerife (Espagne) pour son aide en matière du matériel de calcul. Un remerciement spécial s’adresse à Mr A. Bouhemadou, Professeur à l’université de Sétif pour ces fructueuses discussions que nous avons eues sur quelques parties de mon travail et ses remarques intéressantes. Qu’il trouve ici l’expression de ma cordiale sympathie. Enfin, un grand remerciement s'adresse à ma mère dont le soutien ne m’a jamais fait défaut durant toutes ces années d’études. Je témoigne enfin toute ma reconnaissance à toutes celles et tous ceux qui m’ont donné le soutien moral et la volonté pour que ma thèse soit achevée, je citerai notamment mes collègues Mr. M. Kharoubi, Mr. S. Zerroug et tous les autres collègues que je ne peux pas tous les citer ici. NOMENCLATURE Liste des abréviations Liste des abréviations ADA Approximation de la densité moyenne (Average density approximation) CPA Approximation du potentiel coherent (Coherent potential approximation). CBM Minimum de la bande de conduction (Conduction band minimum) DFT Théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité (Density functional theory ) DP Dielectric properties DFPT Théorie de la fonctionnelle de densité perturbée ( Density functional perturbation theory) EELS Spectre de perte d'énergie électronique (Electron Energy Loss Spectrum) EOS Equation d’état ( Equation of state ) FP- Ondes planes augmentées linéarisées tout-potentiel (Full potential linearised augmented LAPW planewave ) FFT Transformée de Fourier rapide (Fast Fourier Transform) GGA Approximation du gradient généralisé ( Generalized gradient approximation) GS Etat fondamental (Ground State) IFC Constantes des forces interatomiques (Interatomic forces constant) KSS Structure de Kohn Sham (Kohn Sham structure) LDA Approximation de la densité locale (Local density approximation ) LSD Densité locale de spin ( Local spin density) LRC Composante à rang long (Long Rang Component) MBPT Théorie de perturbation à plusieurs corps (Many body perturbation theory) OPW Ondes planes orthogonales ( Orthogonalized plane waves) PAW Pseudo potentiel et ondes augmentée ( Projector augmented wave ) PBE Fonctionnelle de Perdew Burke Ernzerhof ( Perdew Burke Ernzerhof functional) PWP Planewave pseudopotential Liste des abréviations RPA Approximation de la phase aléatoire (Random Phase Approximation) SCF Champ self consistent ( Self consistent field) SQS Approximation quasi aléatoire spéciale (Special quasirandom approximation) TD-LDA Approximation de Tamm-Dancoff LDA (Tamm Dancoff LDA) TDDFT Théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité dépendante du temps (Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory) TBT Théorie de la liaison forte (Tight binding Theory) USPP Pseudo-potentiels ultra doux (Ultra Soft Pseudo Potentials) VBM Maximum de la bande de valence (Valence band maximum) VCA Approximation du cristal virtuel (Virtual cristal approximation) WDA Weighted density approximation SC La supercellule (Supercell) TB- Tight binding linear muffin-orbital LMTO LISTE DES FIGURES Liste des figures Liste des figures Figure I.1 Organigramme montrant la méthode de résolution de l’équation de Kohn-Sham 12 Figure II.1 Troncature du développement de l'onde plane dans l'espace réciproque ……… 18 Figure II.2 Pseudo-fonction comparée avec le pseudopotentiel et la fonction d’onde …….. 22 Figure III.1 Représentation schématique des modes de vibration dans un solide cristallin … 33 Figure IV.1 Pentagone de Hedin reliant les fonctions G, W, S,G et P ……………………… 56 Figure V.1 Les différentes structures cristallines des chalcogénures de Barium …………… 63 Figure V.2.a Réseau cristallin NaCl et ses différentes projections …………………………… 64 Figure V.2.b Première zone de Brillouin pour le réseau cubique à faces centrées …………… 64 Figure V.2.c Réseau cristallin CsCl et ses différentes projections …………………………… 65 Figure V.3 Variation de l’énergie totale avec le volume dans les phases B1 et B2 pour BaTe, BaSe et BaS ………………………………………………………………………………….. 69 Figure V.4 Enthalpie de BaS, BaSe et BaTe en fonction de la pression dans les deux phases B1 et B2 …………………………………………………………………………. 73 Figure V.5 Dépendance en pression des constants élastiques des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans les deux phases NaCl et CsCl ………………………………………. 77 Figure V.6 Structures de bandes électroniques des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans la phase B1 (NaCl) ………………………………………………………………... 81 Figure V.7 Variation des gaps d'énergie en fonction de la pression pour BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans la phase B2 ………………………...……………………………………… 84 Liste des figures Figure V.8 Organigramme d’un calcul GW …………………………………………………. 87 Figure V.9 La partie imaginaire de la fonction diélectrique des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe ………………………………………………………………….. 91 Figure V.10 La partie réelle de la fonction diélectrique des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe … 92 Figure V.11 Coefficient d’extinction k(w) des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans la phase B1 ………………………………………………………..…………………….... 93 Figure V.12 Fonction de perte d'énergie (EELS) des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe ……….. 94 Figure V.13 Indice de réfraction n(ω) des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe …………………… 95 Figure V.14 Variation de la constante diélectrique haute fréquence e (¥) et la charge effective de Born Z B en fonction de la pression pour BaS ……………………. 99 Figure V.15 Variation de la constante diélectrique haute fréquence e (¥) et la charge effective de Born Z B en fonction de la pression pour BaSe …………………… 100 Figure V.16 Variation de la constante diélectrique haute fréquence e (¥) et la charge effective de Born Z B en fonction de la pression pour BaTe ……………...…... 100 Figure V.17 Dépendance en composition du paramètre de la maille ( a0 ) de l’alliage 109 BaSxSe1-x dans les approches VCA et super cellule …………………………... Figure V.18 Dépendance en composition du module de compressibilité ( B0 ) de l’alliage 109 BaSxSe1-x dans les approches VCA et super cellule ………………………….. Figure V.19 Dépendance en composition des constantes élastiques de l’alliage BaSxSe1-x … 111 Figure V.20 Dépendance en composition de la Charge effective de Born ZB et la charge * effective écrantée Z de l’alliage BaSxSe1-x ………...………………………… 114 Liste des figures Figure V.21 Dépendance en composition des constantes diélectriques haute fréquence et statique (ε(∞) et ε(0)) de l’alliage ternaire BaSxSe1-x ……………..…………… 114 Figure V.22 Dépendance en composition des fréquences optiques des phonons de l’alliage BaSxSe1-x au point G ………………………………………………………….. 117 Figure V.23 Dépendance en composition des fréquences acoustiques et optiques des phonons de l’alliage BaSxSe1-x au point de haute symétrie X ………………………….... 118 Figure V.24 Dépendance en composition des fréquences acoustiques et optiques des phonons de l’alliage BaSxSe1-x au point de haute symétrie L …………………................... 119 LISTE DES TABLEAUX Liste des tableaux Liste des tableaux Tableau V.1 Paramètre de maille a0 , module de compressibilité B0 , dérivée du module de compressibilité des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans les phases NaCl et CsCl………………………………………........................................................ 67 Tableau V.2 Pression de transition PT, rapport des volumes VT(B1) /V0(B1), V (B ) /V (B ) et le changement relatif de volume ΔV /V pour les composés T 2 0 1 0 BaS, BaSe et BaTe……………………………………………………………. 71 Tableau V.3 Constantes élastiques des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans les phases NaCl et CsCl aux volumes d’équilibre………………………………………… 75 Tableau V.4 Dépendance en pression des constantes élastiques Cij pour BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans les phases NaCl et CsCl …………………………………………………. 79 Tableau V.5 Pression de métallisation Pm des composés BaX (X=S, Se et Te)………..…... 83 Tableau V.6 Gaps d’énergie indirects (Γ-X) des composés BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans la phase B1 ………………………………………………………………………. 88 Tableau V.7 Indice de réfraction statique n(0) pour les composés BaX (X=S, BaSe et BaTe)….……………………………………………………………………….. 97 Tableau V.8 Charges effectives de Born ZB et constantes diélectriques haute fréquence e (¥) pour BaS, BaSe et BaTe dans les phases B1 et B2 aux volumes d’équilibre …………………………………………………………………….
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Light-Matter Interaction and Optical Spectroscopy from Infrared to X-Rays
    24th ETSF Workshop on Electronic Excitations Light-Matter Interaction and Optical Spectroscopy from Infrared to X-Rays Jena, Germany 16 – 20 September 2019 Welcome The workshop series of the European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF) provides a fo- rum for excited states and spectroscopy in condensed-matter physics, chemistry, nanoscience, materials science, and molecular physics attracting theoreticians, code developers, and experi- mentalists alike. Light-matter interaction will be at core of the 2019 edition of the ETSF workshop. Cutting-edge spectroscopy experiments allow to probe electrons, plasmons, excitons, and phonons across different energy and time scales with unprecedented accuracy. A deep physical understanding of the underlying quantum many-body effects is of paramount importance to analyze exper- imental observations and render theoretical simulations predictive. The workshop aims at discussing the most recent advances in the theoretical description of the interaction between light and matter focusing on first-principles methods. This broad subject will be covered in its diverse declinations, from core-level spectroscopy to collective low-energy excitations, dis- cussing also matter under extreme conditions, and systems driven out of equilibrium by strong laser pulses. Exchange between theorists and experimentalists is fostered to open new horizons towards the next generation of novel spectroscopy techniques. The workshop will also face the challenges posed by the formidable complexity of heterogeneous and nanostructured systems such as those of interest for light harvesting and energy generation, prompting to bridge the gap be- tween experimental and in silico spectroscopy. Workshop topics include: Linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy • Core-level spectroscopies • Ultrafast excitation dynamics • Electron-phonon coupling • Light harvesting in natural and synthetic systems • We are glad to welcome you in Jena, the city of light, and wish you an inspiring workshop with lots of interesting science and fruitful discussions.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of the Electronic Band Structure in High-Harmonic Generation Spectra of Solids
    Impact of the Electronic Band Structure in High-Harmonic Generation Spectra of Solids The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Tancogne-Dejean, Nicolas et al. “Impact of the Electronic Band Structure in High-Harmonic Generation Spectra of Solids.” Physical Review Letters 118.8 (2017): n. pag. © 2017 American Physical Society As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.087403 Publisher American Physical Society Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107908 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. week ending PRL 118, 087403 (2017) PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 24 FEBRUARY 2017 Impact of the Electronic Band Structure in High-Harmonic Generation Spectra of Solids † Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean,1,2,* Oliver D. Mücke,3,4 Franz X. Kärtner,3,4,5,6 and Angel Rubio1,2,3,5, 1Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 2European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 3Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany 4The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 5Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 6Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA (Received 29 September 2016; published 24 February 2017) An accurate analytic model describing the microscopic mechanism of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids is derived.
    [Show full text]
  • Programming Models for Quantum Many-Body Methods on Multicore and Manycore Processors
    Programming models for quantum many-body methods on multicore and manycore processors Jeff Hammond1 and Eugene DePrince2 1 Argonne 2 Georgia Tech 6 February 2011 Jeff Hammond Electronic Structure Calculation Methods on Accelerators Abstract The growing diversity in computer processor architectures poses a serious challenge to the computational chemistry community. This talk considers some of the key issues, including disjoint address spaces, non-standard architectures and execution models, and the different APIs required to use them. Specifically, we will describe our experiences in developing coupled-cluster methods for Intel multicore, Intel MIC, NVIDIA Fermi and Blue Gene/Q in both a clean-sheet implementation and NWChem. Of fundamental interest is the development of codes that scale not only within the node but across thousands of nodes; hence, the interaction between the processor and the network will be analyzed in detail. Jeff Hammond Electronic Structure Calculation Methods on Accelerators Software Automation Jeff Hammond Electronic Structure Calculation Methods on Accelerators The practical TCE { NWChem many-body codes What does it do? 1 GUI input quantum many-body theory e.g. CCSD. 2 Operator specification of theory. 3 Apply Wick's theory to transform operator expressions into array expressions. 4 Transform input array expression to operation tree using many types of optimization. 5 Produce Fortran+Global Arrays+NXTVAL implementation. Developer can intercept at various stages to modify theory, algorithm or implementation. Jeff Hammond Electronic Structure Calculation Methods on Accelerators The practical TCE { Success stories First parallel implementation of many (most) CC methods. First truly generic CC code (not string-based): fRHF,ROHF,UHF}×CCfSD,SDT,SDTQ}×{T /Λ,EOM,LR/QRg Most of the largest calculations of their kind employ TCE: CR-EOMCCSD(T), CCSD-LR α, CCSD-QR β, CCSDT-LR α Reduces implementation time for new methods from years to hours, TCE codes are easy to verify.
    [Show full text]
  • DFT-Absorption Spectra
    2054-9 Structure and Dynamics of Hydrogen-Bonded Systems 26 - 27 October 2009 Effect of Proton Disorder on the Excited State Properties of Ice Olivia PULCI Universita' di Roma II "Tor Vergata" Dipt. di Fisica, Via della Ricerca Scientfica 1, 00133 Rome Italy EffectEffect ofof protonproton disorderdisorder onon thethe excitedexcited statestate propertiesproperties ofof iceice V. Garbuio,Garbuio M. Cascella, R. Del Sole, O. Pulci OUTLINE: •Theoretical approaches •Ice Ic(bulk) • Ice Ih surface Theoretical approaches c MBPT c c EXC W hν hν ωcv hν ωcv ωcv v v v DFT GW BSE 1) 2) 3) Ground state properties Electronic band Optical spectra structure, I, A TDDFT (Step 2) Lars Hedin 1965 Σ = iGW G: single particle Green’s function −1 W: screened Coulomb interaction = ε VW Theoretical approaches c MBPT c c EXC W hν hν ωcv hν ωcv ωcv v v v DFT GW BSE 1) 2) 3) Ground state properties Electronic band Optical spectra structure, I, A TDDFT Step 3: calculation of optical spectra within the Bethe Salpeter Equation c Absorption spectra A photon excites an electron from an occupied state to a conduction state hν e 4 4 4 4 4 PPPP=IQP +IQP Ξ v h Bethe Salpeter Equation (BSE) Kernel: Ξ v= − W e-h exchange bound excitons GWBSE ApplicableApplicable to:to: Ab-initio: (NOT “one puts nothing in, one gets nothing out”!!) •Generality, transferability 0D-3D Biological systems •Detailed physical informations •Complex theory+large comp.cost 3-D 0-D 1-D 2-D Nanowires Surfaces Nanoclusters bulks OUTLINE: •Theoretical approaches •Ic Ice (bulk) • Ice Ih surface HH2OO phasephase diagramdiagram CubicCubic iceice ((IcIc)) • It is a metastable form of ice that can be formed, by condensation of water vapor, at ambient pressure but low temperatures Cubic ice (Ic) – diamond lattice 153 K down to 113 K Studied within DFT and Tight-binding G.
    [Show full text]
  • New Frontiers in Quantum Chemistry Using Supercomputers
    New frontiers in quantum chemistry using supercomputers Jeff Hammond Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory 4 May 2011 Jeff Hammond NREL Atomistic simulation in chemistry 1 classical molecular dynamics (MD) with empirical potentials 2 ab initio molecular dynamics based upon density-function theory (DFT) 3 quantum chemistry with wavefunctions e.g. perturbation theory (PT), Coupled-Cluster (CC) or Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC). Jeff Hammond NREL Classical molecular dynamics Solves Newton's equations of motion with empirical terms and classical electrostatics. Size: 100K-10M atoms Time: 1-10 ns/day Scaling: ∼ Natoms Data from K. Schulten, et al. \Biomolecular modeling in the era of petascale computing." In D. Bader, ed., Petascale Computing: Algorithms and Applications. Image courtesy of Beno^ıtRoux via ALCF. Jeff Hammond NREL Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics Forces obtained from solving an approximate single-particle Schr¨odingerequation; time-propagation via Lagrangian approach. Size: 100-1000 atoms Time: 0.01-1 ps/day x Scaling: ∼ Nel (x=1-3) F. Gygi, IBM J. Res. Dev. 52, 137 (2008); E. J. Bylaska et al. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 180, 012028 (2009). Image courtesy of Giulia Galli via ALCF. Jeff Hammond NREL Wavefunction theory MP2 is second-order PT and is accurate via magical cancellation of error. CC is infinite-order solution to many-body Schr¨odingerequation truncated via clusters. QMC is Monte Carlo integration applied to the Schr¨odingerequation. Size: 10-100 atoms, maybe 100-1000 atoms with MP2. Time: N/A x Scaling: ∼ Nbf (x=2-7) Image courtesy of Karol Kowalski and Niri Govind. Jeff Hammond NREL Quantum chemistry | standard model 1 Separate molecule(s) from environment (closed to both matter and energy) 2 Ignore relativity, QED, spin-orbit coupling 3 Separate electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom −! non-relativistic electronic Schr¨odingerequation in a vacuum at zero temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • 0.1 Report on the 12Th Nanoquanta Workshop on Electronic Excitations
    0.1 Report on the 12th Nanoquanta Workshop on Electronic Excitations. Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory: Advances and Prospects Aussois (France) 18-22 September 2007 SPONSORS NANOQUANTA Network of Excellence ESF Psi k Programme CNRS IdNano ORGANIZERS Valerio OLEVANO (LEPES-CNRS, Grenoble, France) John J. REHR (University of Washington, Seattle, USA) Gian-Marco RIGNANESE (Universit´eCatholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium) Patrick RINKE (Fritz-Haber-Institut, Berlin, Germany) Francesco SOTTILE (Universidad del Pais Vasco, San Sebasti´an,Spain) Ludger WIRTZ (IEMN/ISEN, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France) WEBSITE http://lab-neel.grenoble.cnrs.fr/etsf/nanoquanta-workshop07 1 The workshop gathered 120 participants from leading international theory groups. There were 46 oral presen- tations (23 invited speakers and 23 contributed talks) and 32 posters. The workshop allowed the participants to discuss the advances in the theoretical and computational treatment of optical and dielectric spectroscopy, photoemission spectroscopy and quantum transport in the framework of time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) and non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) theory. Invited speakers from leading international groups gave an in-depth overview of current research activities within these theories and placed recent results into context. Young researchers (Ph.D. students and Post- Docs) also had the opportunity to present their work (more than half of the oral presentations were given by non-permanent researchers). A special emphasis was placed on advances and perspectives in time-dependent density-functional theory. Indeed, the first session presented two review talks on TDDFT and DFT-like methods applied to quantum transport. A particular effort has been done by the two invited speakers to present the arguments in the most pedagogical manner, ad usum of the youngest participants to the workshop.
    [Show full text]
  • Plasmon Dispersion in Graphite: a Comparison of Current Ab Initio Methods Sean Anderson, Bernardo Mendoza, Giorgia Fugallo, Francesco Sottile
    Plasmon dispersion in graphite: A comparison of current ab initio methods Sean Anderson, Bernardo Mendoza, Giorgia Fugallo, Francesco Sottile To cite this version: Sean Anderson, Bernardo Mendoza, Giorgia Fugallo, Francesco Sottile. Plasmon dispersion in graphite: A comparison of current ab initio methods. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Mate- rials Physics (1998-2015), American Physical Society, 2019, 100 (4), 10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045205. hal-02191262 HAL Id: hal-02191262 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02191262 Submitted on 23 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. PHYSICAL REVIEW B 100, 045205 (2019) Plasmon dispersion in graphite: A comparison of current ab initio methods Sean M. Anderson,1,* Bernardo S. Mendoza,1 Giorgia Fugallo,2 and Francesco Sottile3,4 1Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, León, Guanajuato, México 2CNRS, UMR 6607, Laboratorie de Thermique et Energie de Nantes (LTeN) Polytech’Nantes, Université de Nantes, Rue Christian Pauc, F-44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France 3Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, École Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France 4European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF) (Received 10 December 2018; revised manuscript received 9 May 2019; published 22 July 2019) We perform a systematic study of the macroscopic dielectric function and electron energy loss (EEL) spectra for graphite.
    [Show full text]
  • Author's Personal Copy
    Author's personal copy Computer Physics Communications 183 (2012) 2272–2281 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Computer Physics Communications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cpc Libxc: A library of exchange and correlation functionals for density functional theory✩ Miguel A.L. Marques a,b,∗, Micael J.T. Oliveira c, Tobias Burnus d a Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France b LPMCN, CNRS, UMR 5586, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France c Center for Computational Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal d Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, and Jülich Aachen Research Alliance, 52425 Jülich, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The central quantity of density functional theory is the so-called exchange–correlation functional. This Received 8 March 2012 quantity encompasses all non-trivial many-body effects of the ground-state and has to be approximated Received in revised form in any practical application of the theory. For the past 50 years, hundreds of such approximations have 7 May 2012 appeared, with many successfully persisting in the electronic structure community and literature. Here, Accepted 8 May 2012 we present a library that contains routines to evaluate many of these functionals (around 180) and their Available online 19 May 2012 derivatives. Keywords: Program summary Density functional theory Program title: LIBXC Density functionals Catalogue identifier: AEMU_v1_0 Local density approximation Generalized gradient approximation Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEMU_v1_0.html Hybrid functionals Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N.
    [Show full text]
  • DFT TDDFT ● Many-Body Green Function: Adjustable GW Parameters BSE Approximations (U, J, ...) (LDA, ...) 8 Why Do We Need Ab Initio Theories?
    Introduction to TDDFT Linear-Response TDDFT in Frequency-Reciprocal space on a Plane-Waves basis: the DP (Dielectric Properties) code Valerio Olevano CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France 2 Résumé ● Motivation ● TDDFT ● Linear-Response TDDFT ● Frequency-Reciprocal space TDDFT ● TDDFT on a Plane Waves basis: the DP code ● Approximations: RPA, ALDA, new kernels ● Results ● Conclusions [email protected] Condensed Matter: 3 a Formidable Many-Body Problem ● Well known interaction: electromagnetic (like in QED) ● All our ignorance in Cond-Mat has roots into the many-body problem. [email protected] 4 the Many-Body Problem ● Already a problem in Classical Physics: 3-body problem (Euler, Lagrange, …) and on ● In Quantum Mechanics even 2 bodies is a problem [email protected] The Many-Body problem 5 kinetic e-ions many-body interaction e-e interaction where N can be up to the Avogadro number 1023!!! many-body wavefunction [email protected] 6 The Many-Body problem Factorizable Hamiltonian Solvable single-particle Schrödinger equation Many-body ground-state total energy Total many-body ground state wavefunction Condensed Matter 7 Theory Models Ab Initio (first principles) simplify and search (if possible) numerical solution but analytical solutions microscopic Hamiltonian ● Quantum Chemistry: ● Anderson CI ● Hubbard CC DMFT Subject Headings: … ● Kondo ● QMC ● Ising ● Density-Functional: ● Heisenberg DFT TDDFT ● Many-body Green function: adjustable GW parameters BSE approximations (U, J, ...) (LDA, ...) 8 Why do we need ab initio theories? 1) To understand and explain observed phenomena; 2) To offer experimentalists reference data; 3) To predict properties before the synthesis, the experiment.
    [Show full text]
  • S.A. Raja Pharmacy College Vadakkangulam-627 116
    S.A. RAJA PHARMACY COLLEGE VADAKKANGULAM-627 116 MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY -III VI SEMESTER B. PHARM PRACTICAL MANUAL CONTENT S.No Experiment Name Page No. 1. Synthesis of Sulphanilamide 01 2. Synthesis of 7- Hydroxy -4- methyl coumarin 03 3. Synthesis of Chlorbutanol 05 4. Synthesis of Tolbutamide 07 5. Synthesis of Hexamine 09 6. Assay of Isonicotinic acid hydrazide 11 7. Assay of Metronidazole 13 8. Assay of Dapsone 16 9. Assay of Chlorpheniramine Maleate 18 10. Assay of Benzyl Penicillin 20 11. Synthesis of Phenytoin from Benzil by Microwave 23 Irradiation 12. Synthesis of Aspirin Assisted by Microwave Oven 26 13. Drawing structure and Reaction using Chemsketch 28 MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY- III Experiment No: 01 Synthesis of Sulphanilamide Aim: To synthesis and submit sulphanilamide from p-acetamido benzene sulphanilamide and calculate its percentage yield. Principle: Sulphanilamide can be prepared by the reaction of P-acetamido benzene sulphanilamide with Hydrochloric acid or ammonium carbonate. The acetamido groups are easily undergo acid catalysed hydrolysis reaction to form p-amino benzene sulphonamide. Reaction: O HN H2N HCl O S O O S O NH NH2 2 4 Acetamidobenzene sulphonamide p Amino benzene sulphonamide Chemical Required: Resorcinol - 1.2 g Ethyl acetoacetate - 2.4 ml Conc. Sulphuric acid - 7.5 ml Procedure: 1.5 gm of 4- acetamido benzene sulphonamide is treated with a mixture of 1 ml of conc. Sulphuric acid diluted with 2 ml water. This mixture is gently heated under reflux for 1 hour. Then 3ml of water is added and the solution is boiled again, with the addition of a small quantity of activated charcoal.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Chemistry Many-Body Methods on Gpus and Multicore Cpus
    Quantum chemistry many-body methods on GPUs and multicore CPUs Jeff Hammond1 and Eugene DePrince2 Argonne National Laboratory 1 Leadership Computing Facility ([email protected]) 2 Center for Nanoscale Materials ([email protected]) 26 January 2011 Jeff Hammond ICCS 2011 Abstract Quantum chemistry many-body methods (QMBM) solve the Schr¨odinger approximately, but at relatively high accuracy as compared to molecular dynamics (MD) and density-functional theory (DFT). While both MD and DFT have been implemented on GPGPUs by a number of groups, very little work has been done with QMBM on GPGPUs despite the excellent match between their regular and floating-point intensive algorithmic structure and the data-parallel capability of GPGPUs. In this talk we discuss the implementation of one variant of QMBM { the coupled-cluster method { on NVIDIA Tesla and Fermi processors. The performance is compared to an identically structured multicore CPU implementation as well as many existing software packages (NWChem, GAMESS, Molpro, PSI, Dalton and Aces II). The performance of our prototype implementation is 7 to 10 times faster than the fastest available CPU implementation (Molpro) and our mixed-precision algorithm achieves over 500 GF while converging to the same double precision accuracy achievable with a CPU code. Finally, we will compare our single-node CPU/GPU implementation to the massively-parallel implementation in NWChem, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for realizing petaflop QMBM using large GPU clusters. Jeff Hammond ICCS 2011 Atomistic simulation in chemistry 1 classical molecular dynamics (MD) with empirical potentials 2 ab initio molecular dynamics based upon density-function theory (DFT) 3 quantum chemistry with wavefunctions e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • High Performance Computing on CRESCO Infrastructure: Research Activities and Results 2014
    Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development High Performance Computing on CRESCO infrastructure: research activities and results 2014 December 2015 High Performance Computing on CRESCO infrastructure: research activities and results 2014 Contributions provided by a selection of users of the CRESCO infrastructure. Scientific Editor: Fiorenzo Ambrosino, ENEA, DTE-ICT-HPC, CR Portici Acknowledgements: We wish to thank Filippo Palombi that contributed to the editing of this Volume. Cover: Amedeo Trolese, ENEA, DTE-ICT-PRA, CR Frascati ISBN: 978-88-8286-325-8 ! Contents Foreword 7 LES study of a bluff-body burner fluid dynamics 9 I. Cornacchia, E. Giacomazzi, F.R. Picchia, D. Cecere, N. Arcidiacono A first principles study on the Fe(1 0 0)/Pb corrosion phenomena 17 S. Giusepponi, M. Celino Multi-Resolution Techniques for a Compressible Staggered LES Numerical Code 24 G. Rossi, B. Favini, E. Giacomazzi, F. R. Picchia, D. Cecere, N. Arcidiacono DFT study of OTS-SAM coatings on (111) Si surface as gate dielectrics 30 for organic thin film transistors F. Gala, G. Zollo A High Resolution Numerical Model to Study the Coastal Processes 40 in the Adriatic Sea G. Sannino, W. J. McKiver, D. Bellafiore b-Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation of High Temperature GeO2 46 G. Mancini, M. Celino and A.Di Cicco HPC resources allow to simulate Fluoride Riboswitch Recognition Site 50 using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics R. Credentino, L. Cavallo Nanocrystallization of amorphous Cu64Zr36 into the Cu2Zr Laves phase 54 studied by Molecular Dynamics simulations J. Zemp, M. Celino, J. F. Löffler, B. Schönfeld Further Investigation on the Structural Properties of a Cadmium Sulfide 59 Nanocluster with Prismatic Shape E.
    [Show full text]