Subject Index

A - Intimal flap 1661 - Chronic mesenteric - Liver transplantation 1696, 9-a-fluorohydrocortisone 1842 - Intra-arterial digital subtraction 1701 1699 a, adrenoreceptors 1753, 1673 - Chronic renal failure 1757,1774 - Lymphoma 1698 1814-1815 - Isometric exercise 1672 - Colonic ischemia 1702, - Mallory-Weiss tear 1716 a-1 receptor blockade 990 - Magnetic resonance imaging 1725-1726 - Marfan's syndrome 1654 a 2 adrenoreceptors 1814 1661 - Colonic ulcer 1702 - Meckel's diverticulum 1685 a-adrenergic blocker 729, 732 - Marfan's syndrome 1672 - Common hepatic - Mesenteric 1697 a-adrenoreceptor 990, 1619 - Multiphase gadolinium- 1708 - Mesenteric ischemia a-Methyldopa 1407 enhanced magnetic resonance - Connective tissue disease 1654 1701-1702,1725-1726 aV /33 receptor 844-845, 848, 850 1672 - Crohn's disease 1686 - Mid aortic syndrome 1726 A, receptor 1755 - Mural thrombus 1660-1661 - Cystic media 1654 - Mycotic 1653 A, receptor 1755 - Open repair 462 - Dieulafoy lesions 1699, 1718, - Nephrectomy 1796 AAD s. Adaptive array detector - Operative approach 1673 1732 - Occult gastrointestinal Abciximab 171-172, 752-756, 763, - Operative technique 1675 - Diseases of the abdominal bleeding 1702 766, 826, 842-850, 1119-1120, - Percutaneous management 1651, 1653 - Orthotopic liver transplant 1125, 1138, 1145 1662 - Diverticula 1722-1723 1704-1705 Abdominal 393, 652, 1381, - Persistent endoleak 1665 - Diverticular bleeding 1703 - Peliosis hepatis 1707 1407,1741 - Recurrent - Duodenal ulcer 1700 - Portal Abdominal aorta 642-643 1678 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1654 1684-1685,1690-1693,1695, Abdominal aortic aneurysm - Renal artery 1672, 1677 - 1695, 1709 462-463, 685, 859, 1430,1515, - Retroperitoneal approach 1675 1715-1716 - Portal hypertensive bleeding 1550,1660-1666,1671-1679 - Retroperitoneal hematoma - 1653, 1690 - Anastomotic aortic aneurysm 1677 1760-1761 - Portal hypertensive gastro• 1678 - Ruptured abdominal aortic - Gastric antral vascular ectasia pathy 1699-1700 - Anastomotic aneurysm 1677 1699,1718 - Portal 1692, 1661 - Surgical approach 1668 - 1699-1700 1695,1705 - Ancure endograft system 1663 - Talent -graft system 1663 - Gastrointestinal bleeding 1695 - Preeclampsia 1773-1774 - Aneurx stent -graft system - Thallium-201 scintigraphy 1672 - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage - Radiation nephritis 1777 1662 - Thrombus 1665 1695,1730 - Radiation proctitis 1703, 1723 - Aneurysm rupture 1661-1662, - Transperitoneal approach 1675 - Gastrointestinal ulcers - Recurrent variceal hemorrhage 1666,1672,1674 - Ultrasound 166o 1698-1699 1697 - Angiography 1660, 1663 1705 - Gsell and Erdheim 1654 - Renal artery occlusive disease - Aortic neck 1664 Abdominal 1651 - Helicobacter pylori 1685, 1799 - Aortoenteric 1661 - Abdominal aortic aneurysm 1698-1699 - 1653, - Bifemoral crossover graft 1678 1660-1666,1671-1679 - Hematemesis 1704 1787 - Bifurcated stent-graft - Acute mesenteric ischemia 1701 - Hemobilia 1704 - Renal blood flow 1752 1662-1663 - 1695,1703 - Hemolytic uremic syndrome - Renal cell carcinoma 796 - Blunt 1675, 1677 - Acute variceal hemorrhage 1769 - Renal transplantation 1796 - Cell-saving device 1679 1696-1697 - Hemoperitoneum 1704 - Renal vascular disease 1749, - Clinical trials 1666 - Adenocarcinoma 1698 - 1703, 1723 1751 - Complications 1662, 1665, 1675 - Alcohol 1696 - Henoch-Schiinlein purpura - Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome - Computed tomography - Aneurysms 1798 1761 1709 1660-1661 - Angiomata 1719-1721,1723 - Hepatic abscesses 1704 - Renovascular hypertension - Connective tissue disease 1672 - Angiomyolipmas 1796 - Hepatic artery stenosis 1704 1653, 1757,1760,1798 - Contrast-enhanced spiral - Angiosarcoma 1708 - Hepatic artery thrombosis 1704 - Schistosomiasis 1692 computed tomography 1673 - Annuloaortic ectasia 1654 - Heptic allograft rejection 1707 - Scleroderma 1772 - Device implanation technique - Antiphospholipid syndrome - Hereditary hemorrhagic - Secondary biliary 1664 1772 teleangiectasia 1709 1704 - Diagnostic 1661, 1672 - Aortic coarctation 1653 - Hiatal hernia 1698 - 1757 - Dobutamine stress echocardio- - 1730 - Hypertensive crisis 1774 - Sickle-cell nephropathy 1776 graphy 1672 - Aortic dissections 1660, - Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis - Splanchnic artery aneurysms - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1672 1670-1671 1774-1775 1708 - Embolization 1665 - Aortoduodenal 1700 - Inferior hemorrhoidal system - Splenic vein thrombosis 1692, - Endoleaks 1662, 1665-1666 - Arterial-portal fistula 1695 1686 1695 - Endoluminal stent-grafting - Atheroembolic disease 1760 - Intestinal hemangiomas - Syphilitic 1653 1660 - Atherosclerotic disease 1798 1708-1709 - Thromboembolism 1761 - Endovascular repair 462, 685 - Atherosclerotic renal artery - Intestinal ulcer 1700-1701 - Thrombotic microangiopathies - False lumen 1661 stenosis 1757 - Intestinal 1708 1769 - Flow velocities 1660 - Bacterial cholangitis 1704 - Intraductal gallstones 1704 - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic - Follow-up 1665 - Blue rubber bleb neuve - Ischemia purpura 1769 - Gore excluder endovascular syndrome 1709 1775 - Traumatic aneurysm 1653 stent graft 1663 - Budd-Chirai syndrome 1689, - Ischemic acute renal failure - Tuberculous aortitis 1653 - Graft infection 1678 1692, 1704-1705 1775 - Variceal hemorrhage 1683, - Hemorrhagic 1672 - Cameron-Higgins lesions - Ischemic acute tubular 1691,1696 Horseshoe 1678 1698,1718-1719 necrosis 1775 Vascular gastrointestinal - Incidental Abdominal aortic - 1687 - Ischemic nephropathy 1757, disease 1681 aneurysm 1678 - Celiac trunk aneurysms 1708 1798 - Vasculitis 1761-1762 - Inflammatory aneurysms 1677 - Cherry-red spots 1684 - Linear gastric erosions 1698 - Veno-occlusive disease 1705 - Infrarenal abdominal aortic - embolization 1760, - Liver cirrhosis 1689, - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome aneurysm 1662, 1671 1763 1695-1696,1705 1698-1699 SUBJECT INDEX

Aberrant left subclavian artery - Peripheral vascular resistance - Paresthesia 1352 - Plaque erosion 747 syndrome 1550 1824 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens - Plaque fissuring 747 Ablation - Radiotheraphy 1825 1359 - Plaque rupture 747 - Alcohol septal ablation 612 - Somatostatin 1823 - Postoperative care 1358 - Platelet activation 751 Abrutio placentae 1773 - Somatostatin 1824 - Recanalization 1354 - Pulmonary 769 Absorbed radiation 595 - Treatment 1824 - Renal artery 1359 - Randomized trials 752, 756, ACC classification 856 ACT s. Active clotting time - 1352 759-760,762-763,766 ACE 196, 248, 722, 890, 894, 899, ACTH 1045-1047, t811-1812, 1826, - Shoulder-girdle compression - Reinfarction rate 762 1019,1630 1839-1842, 1844,1848,1850-1852 syndrome 1357 - Reperfusion 757-762,766-767 ACE inhibitor 336, 694-695, Actin 206-207,209,211-212 - Subclavian artery 1357 - Reperfusion 761 751, 806, 897, 899, 992-993> - Isoforms 206, 211 - Sympathic blockade 1353 - rt-PA 755,757-760,762 1000-1001, 1031-1037> - a-smooth muscle 206, 211 - Thrombendarterctomy - Silent ischemia 748 1040-1041, 1349> 1455> 1757-1759, - J3-nonmuscle 206 1357-1359 - Stable angina 746 1772, 1776-1778 - J3-smooth muscle 206, 211 - 1354 - Streptokinase 755, 757-759, 762 Acebutolol 804 - y-isoactin 206 - Thrombosis 1352, 1357 - Sudden cardiac death 748 Acenocoumarol 1701 - y-nonmuscle 206 - Thrombotic occlusion 1356 - Symptoms 747 Acetazolamide 580, 1103 - y-smooth muscle 206, 211 - Treatment 1353, 1356 - Syndrome X 770 Acetyl salicylic acid s. Aspirin Activate protein kinase C 1621 - Venturi effect 1355 - Therpeutic measures 750 Acetylcholine 169,191-196,565, Activated clotting time 841, 862, - Weakness 1352 - Thrombolysis 755-760, 763, 769 691-694,724,726,782-784,789, 1118,1664 Acute coronary syndrome 171, - Thrombolytic therapy 889-894, 897-900, 902, 913, Activated protein C s. APC 381,562,596,674,746-770,842, 756-760, 762 924-925,927,971, 989, 991,1010, Active contact dermatitis 1502 850, 858, 895-896, 898,902-903, - Thrombosis 746 1012, 1334, 1337> 1621, 1689, 1774, Acute abdomen 973 956-972, 998 - Transstenotic pressure gradient 1815,1853 Acute abdominal bleeding 652 - Abciximab 171-172,752-756, 171 Acetylcholinergic muscarinic Acute abdominal pain 1701 763,766 - Tropomyosin 750 receptors 168 Acute arterial ischemic - Acetyl salicylic acid 752-754, - Troponin C 750 Acetylcysteine 639 syndromes 391 757-759,769 - Troponin I 747,750 Acidosis - Acute peripheral ischemia 392 - Acute-phase protein 750 - Troponin T 747,750 - Ketoacidosis 1004 - Acute visceral ischemia 392 - Anticoagulans 754, 757 - Unfractionated heparin - Lactic acidosis 639 - Ankle-brachial index 392 - Anti platelet agents 751 753-760, 769 - Lactic acidosis 639, 1055,1072, - Blue toe syndrome 392 - Aspartate aminotransferase - Unstable 732 1075> 1083 - Qualitative assessments 392 750 - Unstable angina 171 - Local 1366 - Systemic emboli 391 - 767-768 - Unstable plaque 747 - Local metabolic acidosis 1373, Acute arterial obstruction 1337 - Clinical management 768 - Vulnerable plaque 746-747 1390-1391 - Arterial entrapment 1338 - Congestive heart failure 749 Acute epididymitis 1861 - Metabolic acidosis 1048,1055 - Compartment syndrome 1338 - Coronary artery bypass Acute gastrointestinal bleeding - Respiratory acidosis 1622 - Dissection 1338 grafting 754,767-768 1698 - Acidotic cell damage 1389 - Lactic acid 1337 - Coronary 746 Acute mesenteric ischemia 1701 Acolysis 1355 - Microcirculatory failure 1337 - C-reactive protein 750,766 Acute myocardial infarction 826, Acral necrosis 1403 - Microvascular malperfusion - Creatine kinase 749-750 859,922 Acral oscillography 1357 1338 - Definition 746 Acute pancreatitis 1359 1404 - No-reflow phenomenon 1337 - Diabetes mellitus 749 Acute peripheral artery ischemia Acrodermatitis chronica - Peripheral perfusion 1337 - Diagnostic 749 1351 artrophicans 1366, 1544 - Revascularization 1337-1338 - Door-to-balloon time 769 - Acute occlusion 1352-1359 Acromegaly 1020, 1823, 1853 - Vasospasm 1338 - Door-to-needle time 769 - Aortoiliac occlusion 1357 - Acromegalic heart disease Acute arterial occlusion - Electrocardiography 749 - Arterial 1351 1823 1352-1359 - Emergency treatment 769 - Atherosclerotic plaque 1351 - Aortic valve disease 1823 - Acolysis 1355 - Fibrous cap 747 - Atrial fibrillation 1351 - Atrial natriuretic factor 1824 - Amputation 1352, 1356, 1359 - GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor - Axillary artery 1357 - Carcinoid 1823 - Aortoiliac occlusion 1357 752-753,760,763-769 - Bacterial 1351 - Cardiac arrhythmias 1823 - 1356 - Hirudin 756 - Brachial artery 1357 - Cardiac output 1824 - Aspiration thrombectomy - History 749 - Digital 1357 - Cardiomegaly 1823 1354-1355 - 767 - Dissecting aneurysm 1352 - c-myc 1823 - Atrial fibrillation 1352 - Infarct angina 748 - Endogenous material 1351 - Congestive heart failure - Axillary artery 1357 - Intraaortic balloon pumping - emboli 1351 1823-1824 - Brachial artery 1357 754,767-768 - Femoropopliteal occlusion - Coronary heart disease 1823 - Classification 1352 - Lactate dehydrogenase 750 1357 - Diabetes mellitus 1823-1824 - Coldness 1352 - Low output failure 768 - Gas emboli 1351 Diastolic dysfunction 1823 - Complete ischemic syndrome - Low-molecular weight heparin - Heparin-induced thrombo- - GH-releasing hormone 1823 1353, 1356-1357 751-756,769 cytopenia type II 1352-1353 - Growth hormone 1823-1825 - Complication 1353 - Medication 751 - Iliac occlusion 1357 Heart transplantation 1823 - Contraindication 1353-1354 - Microcirculation 747 - Lower extremities 1358 - Hyperglycemia 1823 - Cyanotic marbling 1352 - Microcirculatory dysfunction - Mesenteric artery 1359 - Hyperinsulinism 1823-1824 - Diagnosis 1352 747 - Mural thrombus 1351 - Hyperkinetic syndrome 1824 - Digital arteries 1357 - Microembolizations 763 - Palmar arch 1357 - Hyperlipidemia 1823 - 1353,1356-1359 - Micrvascular malperfusion - Paradoxical emboli 1351 - Hypertension 1823-1824 - Embolic occlusion 1356 763 - Paraneoplastic syndrome 1352, - Insulin resistance 1823 - Femoropopliteal occlusion - Mortality 762-763, 766 1359 - Insulin-like growth factor-1 1357 - Multiorgan failure 767 - Patent foramen ovale 1351 1823-1825 - Follow up 1358 - Myocardial infarction 746-770 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens - Lanreotide 1824 - Iliac occlusion 1357 - Myoglobin 750 1359 - Laryngeal hypertrophy 1825 - Incomplete ischemic syndrome - Oral 757 - Polycythemia vera 1352 - Macroglossia 1825 1353 - Percutaneous coronary artery - Renal artery 1359 - Myocardial hypertrophy - Interventional procedures 1353 762 - Subclavian artery 1357 1823-1825 - Local frostbite 1358 - Percutaneous coronary stent - Ulcerative endocarditis 1351 - Myocardial intersitial fibrosis - Lower extremities 1358 angioplasty 762 Acute peripheral venous 1823 - Mesenteric artery 1359 - Physical examination 749 syndromes 394 Myocarditis 1823 - Pain 1352 - Plaque calicification 747 Acute phase proteins 1763 Neuroendocrine tumor 1823 - Palmar arch 1357 - Plaque classification 747 Acute phase response 997 Octreotide 1824 - Paralysis 1352 - Plaque disruption 746-747 Acute pulmonary edema 491 SUBJECT INDEX

Acute rheumatic 938-939, - Autonomic neuropathy 1842 Adrenaline 177, 641 Alcohol 974-975,996,1019-1020, 957 - Catecholamine deficiency Adrenergic receptors 168, 1814 1022, 1028-1029, 1048, 1128, 1131, Acute scrotal vascular disease 1842 - a, adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 1135-1136, 1139, 1696 1861-1862 - Catecholamines 1840 - a 2 adrenoreceptors 693, 1814 Alcohol injection 1297 - Acute epididymitis 1861 - Corticosterone 1839 - Acetylcholine 1815 Alcoholic cardiomyopathy - Acute scrotal pain 1861 - Cortisol 1839-1840 - f3, adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 974-975 - Antitesticular antibodies 1861 - CRH 1839 - /32 adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 Aldosterone 1040, 1043-1045, - Bacteriuria 1861 - Cushing's syndrome 1840-1841 - D, adrenoreceptors 1814 1756,1839-1841 - Color-coded Doppler sonogra- - Dexamethasone 1840 - D 2 adrenoreceptors 1814 Aldosterone antagonist 899 phy 1862 - Glucocorticoid synthesis 1839 - Desensitization 1814 Aldosterone-producing tumor - Diagnosis 1861 - Glucocorticoids 1811, 1840 - Estrogen 1814 1044 - Differential diagnosis 1862 - Hyperaldosteronism 1841 - Gastrointestinal myenteric Aldosteronism 1020 - Dysuria 1861 - Mineralcorticoid receptors plexus 1815 - Hyperaldosteronism - Fluorescein 1861 1840 - Glucagon 1815 1043-1045,1841 - Hemorrhagic necrosis 1861 - Mineralcorticoids 1840 - Glucocorticoids 1814 - - Adrenal adenoma 1841 - Hydatid torsion 1861 - Pheochromocytoma 1842 - Hyperthyroidism 1814 Aldosterone 1841 - Intratesticular cavernous he- - Physiology 1839 - Hypokalemia 1815 - Diagnosis 1841 mangiomas 1861 - Vasopressin 1840 - Hypothyroidism 1814 - - Hypertension 1841 - Orchidoplexy 1861 - Zona fasciculata 1811 - Insulin 1815 - - Idiopathic hyper- - Prognosis 1861 - Zona glomerulosa 1811 - Neurotransmitter 1815 aldosteronism 1044, 1841 - Pyuria 1861 - Zona reticularis 1811 - Postsynaptic receptors 1814 - - Orthostatism 1841 - Scrotal swelling 1861 Adrenal hemorrhage 1811, 1850 - Presynaptic receptors 1814 Primary adrenal hypoplasia - Symptoms 1861-1862 - ACTH 1851-1852 - Progesterone 1814 1841 - Testicular torsion 1861 - Adrenal insufficiency 1852 - Renin 1815 - - Primary hyperaldosteronism Acute venous syndromes 394 - Azotemia 1851 - Tachyphylaxis 1814 1043-1045, 1841 - Acute peripheral venous syn• - Corticotropin therapy 1851 Adreno corticotropic hormone Renin 1841 dromes 394 - 1851 s.ACTH Secondary 1043 - Acute visceral venous syn• - Dexamethasone 1852 Adrenomedullin 194,198, 1847 Spironolactone 1841 dromes 394 - Diagnsis 1851 - ACTH 1848 - - Systemic - Bisgaard sign 394 - Glucocorticoids 1852 - Congestive heart failure 1848 1841 - Common - Hemorrhagic diathesis 1851 - Hypertension 1848 Ventricular hypertrophy 394 - Hydrocortisone 1852 - Interleukin-1 1847 1841 - Denecke sign 394 - Hyperkalemia 1851 - Pheochromocytoma 1847 - Secondary 1055 - Homan sign 394 - Hyponatriemia 1851 - Renal failure 1848 Aldridge projection 625 - Louvel sign 394 - Primary antiphospholipid - Septic shock 1848 Alkalosis Metabolic alkalosis - Lowenberg sign 394 antibody syndrome 1851 - Shear stress 1848 1044 - Moses sign 394 - Prothrombin 1851 Adson's test 394 Alkine phosphatase 973 - Payr sign 394 - 1851 Adult respiratory distress Allen's test 393, 1576 - Peabody sign 394 - Stress 1851 syndrome 476 Allergic contact eczema 1501 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 394 - Superficial thrombophlebitis Adults-onset Still's disease 936, Allergic granuloma 1605-1606 - Pratt sign 394 1851 938,954 Allergic 1501 - Ramirez sign 394 - Thrombocytopenia 1851 ADUS system 1844 Allergic reaction 609-610, 632, - Rieland sign 394 - Thromboembolic diathesis Advanced gylcated end products 638, 641, 1342, 1729, 1732 - Sigg sign 394 1851 1458,1460 - Anaphylactic shock 610, 638 - Superficial thrombophlebitis Adrenal hyperplasia Adventitia 667, 679, 942, 944, 952, - Anaphylactoid reaction 641 394 - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 958,1172,1282,1411,1491-1492, - Angioedema 610 - Thrombotic sign's 394 1841 1612,1616 - Arterial Hypotension 610 - Tschermack sign 394 - Primary adrenal hyperplasia Adventitial thickening 950,954 - Bronchospasm 610 Acute-phase protein 750 1044 AECA s. Antiendothelial cell - Contrast agents 609, 638, 641 Acyl CoA 571 Adrenal hypoplasia antibodies - Epinephrine 610 ADAM 569 - Primary adrenal hypoplasia Aectylcholine 1838 - H 2-antagonist 610 Addison's disease 1841, 1844 1841 AEP s. Auditory evoked potential - Prednisolone 610 Adenine 993 Adrenal insufficiency 1841, 1852 Afterload 159 Heart failure 159 - Premedication 610 Adenocarcinoma 1698 - 9-a-fluorohydrocortisone Afterload 159,720, 1824 - Pruritus 610 Adenoma sebaceum 1859 1842 Aging 888 Allergic rhinitis 1605-1606 Adenosine 166, 563-565, 693, 701, - ACTH 1842 - Body weight 1462 Allodynia 1544 705-708,717,727-734,782-783, - ACTH deficiency 1841 - Cardiovascular function 1462 Allograft cellular vascular 788-789, 88o, 892,994,1009, - Addison's disease 1841 - Glucose metabolism 1461 rejection 357 1335, 1621, 1643,1689,1755,1775 - Cardiac failure 1842 - Hypertension 1462 Allopurinol 734, 900 Adenosine kinase 727 - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Lipoproteins 1462 Alopecia 1050 Adenosine triphosphate 168 1841 - Mental change 1463 Alpha blockers 1049 Adenylate kinase 727-728 - Cortisol 1842 - Mobility 1463 Alpha-adrenergic receptors 1689 ADH 1753, 1812, 1850 - 1842 - Muscle stregth 1463 Alpha-antitrypsin deficiency ADH analoga 1853 - DHEA 1842 - Physical activity 1461-1463 1085 ADH s. Vasopressin - Diagnosis 1842 - Physical exercise 1463 Alpha-fludrocortisone 1842 ADH side effect 1732 - Diarrhea 1842 - 1449,1458-1459-1464 Alpha-receptor 184,803-804,901 ADMA s. Dimethylarginine - Hydrocortisone 1842 Agitation 1091 Alport's syndrome 1767 ADP 1334 - Hyperkalemia 1842 Agranulocytosis 1051 Alteplase 757 ADP receptor inhibitor 752 - Hyperpigmentation 1842 AHA classification 856 Alveolar dysplasia 473 Adrenal ademona 1045, - Hypoaldosteronism 1841 AIDS-related hypertension 1625, Alveolar edema 473 1840-1841 - Hypoglycemia 1842 1627 Alveolar hemorrhage 484, 1601, Adrenal carcinoma 1045 - Melanotropin-ACTH secretion Air plethysmography 401, 417, 1603, 1605-1606, 1763 Adrenal glands 1811 1842 1371, 1502 s. Plethysmography Alveolar hypoventilation 1622, - 11-deoxycorticosterine 1839 - Mineralcorticoid 1842 Air-gap technique 596 1637 - 11-deoxycortisol 1839 - 1842 Alagille syndrome 43 Alveolar 1613-1614 - ACTH 1811,1839-1840 - Primary insufficiency 1841 Alanine aminotransferase 973 Alzheimer's disease 182, - Adrenal hemorrhage 1811 - Secondary insufficiency 1841 ALAT s. Alanine aminotransferase 1097-1098,1463 - Adrenal insufficieny 1841 - Treatment 1842 Albumin 322,1001-1002,1023, Amauorsis fugax 383, 649, 1075, - Aldosterone 1839-1840 - Vomiting 1842 1392, 1512, 1539 1077, 1081, 1177, 1423, 1576, 1584 - Angiotensin II 1840 Adrenalectomy 1046-1047 Albumin excretory rate 1001 Amebiasis 475 SUBJECT INDEX

Amenorrhea 1050 Aneurysm 83, 87, 221, 631, 646, - Intracranial 1142-1148, - Abdominal angina 1741 Amiloride 1032, 1034 656, 646, 656, 684, 757> 938, 942, 1154-1206 - Acute coronary syndrome 381 Aminoguanidines 359 944-949> 951, 1021, 1084-1085, - Intramural hematoma 1550 - Anemia 381 5-amino-phenyloxazoline 1615 1100, 1127, 1134> 1142-1148, 1217, - Intranidal aneurysm 1244 - Associated symptoms 379 Aminorex 1615 1240-1244> 1363,1368,1381-1382, - Intrasaccular balloon occlusion - Chronic angina pectoris 169 Amiodarone 1052, 1821-1822 1434> 1798 1177 - - Acetylcholine 169 Amlodipine 1001,1032, 1034, 1643 - Abdominal aorta 102, 393, 549 - Intrasaccular thrombus 1178, Atherosclerotic plaque Ammonia 1390 - Abdominal aortic aneurysm 1204 s. Atherosclerotic vascular Amnesia 1080, 1517 1660-1666 - Mass effect 1169-1170, disease Amnestic defect 1191 - Anastomotic aortic aneurysm 1192-1193, 1195> 1202 - - Electrocardiogram 171 Amnestic syndrome 1185 1678 - Microaneurysm 485, 1096 - - Myocardial blood flow 170 Amniotic fluid embolism 476 - Anastomotic pseudoaneurysm - Morbidity 1147, 1175, 1184, 1189, - - PTCA 171 Amphetamine Methampheta- 1661 1193 Serotonin 170 mine 1633 - Aneurysm formation 238 - Mortality 1147,1175,1183-1184, - - Stenosis 171 Amphetamines 976,1020, 1058, - Aneurysm rebleeding 1166 1189,1193 - - Transient occlusion 171 1083-1084,1099,1617 - Aneurysmal neck 631, 1145, - Multiple aneurysm 1174 - Clinical subsets 379 Amplatz catheters 605, 607, 1484 1156, 1158, 1162, 1169, 1171, 1178, - Mural dissection 88 - DaCosta's syndrome 379 Amplatz clot buster device 1475, 1180,1182,1196,1199-1200, - Mural thrombus 1550 - Diagnosis 379 1477 1202-1203 - Mycotic aneurysm 959-960, - Diaphoresis 379-380 Amplatz guidewire 1309 - Aneurysmal sac 1170, 1178, 1197, 1160, 1174,1569, 1653 - Dyspnea 379 Amplatz technique 620 1199-1200,1202-1203,1665,1700 - Neoplastic aneurysm 1156 - Effort angina 380, 928 Amputation Autoamputation - Aneurysmorrhaphy 1170, 1173, - Ophthalmic aneurysm 1180 - Heberden's angina 380 950 1197 - Outward vascular remodeling - Hypertension 381 Amputation 1347, 1349, 1352, 1356, - Anticoagulation 1143 257 - Hyperthyroidism 381 1359, 1365, 1444-1446, 1404, - Arterial wall mechanics 159 - Paraclinoid aneurysm - Infarct angina pectoris 748 1410,1454 - Berry aneurysm 88, 1142 1179-1180 - Intestinal angina 1701, 1741 Amylin 1848 - Carotid cavernous aneurysm - Paralytic aneurysm 1165 - Kemp's syndrome 381 Amylobarbitone 1136 1181 - Paraophthalmic aneurysm - Leriches syndrome 381 Amyloid 952 - Carotid ophthalmic aneurysm 1154,1169, 1178-1181, 1200, 1204 - Levine's sign 379 Amyloid vasculopathy 955 1179 - Partial thrombosis 536 - Manifest ischemia 379 Amyloidosis 936,938, 954-956, - Catheterization 1144 - 87 - Mechanisms 380-381 1414 - Celiac trunk aneurysms 1708 - Pedicle feeder 1243-1244 - Microvascular angina Anabolic steroids 976 - Cerebral 88, 427, 534 - Perforation 1202-1203 926-928, 931 Anaphylactoid reaction 638, 641, - Chronic aneurysm 1565-1567 - Poststenotic aneurysm 87 - Mixed angina 380 1342,1391 - Clips 1157, 1173,1177, 1182, - Prevalence 1160 - Neurovegetative symptome Anaphylactoid shock 638 1195-1196 - Pseudoaneurysm 485, 859, 748 Anaphylatoxin 939 - Coil occlusion 1180-1182, 1558-1559,1653,1725, 1733-1734> - Nitroglycerin 380, 748 Anaphylaxis 474, 1145 1186-1187,1195, 1199> 1202-1204 1793 - Nocturnal angina 380 - Coil selection 1145 - Rasmussen aneurysm 486 - Palpitation 380 - Anastomosis of Riolan 67, - Congenital aneurysms 487, - Recirculation 148 - Physical examination 381 1407-1408 1569 - Recurrent aortic aneurysm - Postprandial angina 380 - Arteriovenous anastomosis 56, - Daughter aneurysm 1154, 1158 1678 - Postprandial instinal angina 71,1475-1476,1493 - DeNovo aneurysm 1176 - Re-rupture 1194 1708 - Bronchopulmonary - Disruption 89 - Rupture 148, 486,538, 1145, - Precipitating factors 380 anastomosis 1616 - Dissecting aneurysm 88, 1156, 1160-1161,1164-1166,1169,1171, - Presyncope 380 - Cavo-pulmonary anastomosis 1172-1173 1194-1195,1199-1203,1661-1662, - Prinzmetal's angina 380, 770, 145 - Dissection of tear edges 87 1666, 1672, 1674 921 - Coronary artery bypass 863, - Distal feeder 1243 - Ruptured abdominal aortic - Rest angina 928 884-886 - Dome-to-neck ratio 1147 aneurysm 1677 - Silent ischemia 379 - End-to-end anastomosis 1579, - Dysplastic aneurysm 1241 - Saccular aneurysm 89, 1142, - Stable angina 381, 693 1581,1669,1743,1800-1802 - Endovascular technique 1142 1154-1155> 1169,1292, 1559> 1567 - Stress-induced angina 570 - End-to-side anastomosis 863, - Endovascular therapy 1158 - Surgery 1157 - Syncope 380 1581,1586,1589,1670,1800-1802, - Equipment 1143 - Thick-walled aneurysm 1653 - Syndrome X 380 1872 - Expansion 87 - Thoracic aorta 548 - Unstable angina 381, 693,748, - Hemodynamic 142 - False aneurysm 631, 641-642, - Thromboembolism 1145, 912 - Intercaval anastomosis 62 859> 1145,1313,1382, 1559, 1569, 1164-1165,1169,1178 - Variant angina 912, 923, 928 - Side-to-end anastomosis 1669 1653 - Thrombosis 1169, 1191, 1193 - Vasospastic angina 380, 918, - Side-to-side anastomosis 863, - False lumen 1661 - Transitional cavernous 921-922, 924 1579> 1800 - Flow-related proximal aneurysm 1177 - Walk-through angina 380 - Virag V anastomosis 1872 aneurysm 1241 - Transmural tears 87 Angioblasts 21-22,243,273-277, ANCA 357-361,363, 481,483, - Follow-up 1147-1148 - Traumatic aneurysm 1173, 1653 281 937> 939,943-944,960, 1388, - Fundus 1156, 1200 - Treatment 1156 - Hemangioblast 22-23 1599-1600,1604,1606-1608, - Fundus-neck ratio 1156 - True aneurysm 1559 - Signaling 21 1762-1764, 1766 - Fusiform aneurysm 89, 1154, - Unrelated aneuysm 1241 - Specification 21 - cANCA 1763, 1765 1183, 1194, 1199, 1202, 1559 - Vasospasm 538, 1142,1156, 1165, Angiodysplasia 652, 1702, - pANCA 1765 - Giant aneurysm 1169-1171, 1171,1192, 1195, 1197, 1203 1735-1736 ANCA-mediated vasculitis 1186,1189, 1194 - Vessel-wall aneurysm 1381 Angiogenesis 25-26,36, 243-284 358-359 - Hemodynamic 148 - Wide-neck aneurysm - Acquire lumen 280 Androgen 1831, 1837 - Hemorrhage 1142, 1157, 1171, 1156-1158,1180,1184,1197 - Activator 278 - Hyperandrogenism 1830 1243-1244 Aneurysmal blackout phenome• - Angioblasts 243, 273-277, 281 Androstenedione 1830, 1838 - Hepatic artery aneurysm 1733 non 1100 - Angiogenic switch 277, 283 Anemia 381, 941, 1020, 1039, 1703, - Iliac aneurysms 547 Aneurysmal pulmonary artery - Angiopoietin pathway 244 1708,1723,1771-1772,1859 - Imaging 1156 disease 487 - Angiopoietin-1 278-279 - Iron-deficiency anemia 1702, - Incidental Abdominal aortic - Cystic arterial media necrosis - Angiopoietin-2 279 1718-1719 aneurysm 1678 487 - Arteriogenesis 265-269 - Microangiopathic anemia 1769 - Infetious aneurysm 1174 - Marfan's syndrome 487 - Basic fibroblast growth factor - Microcytic anemia 1766-1767 - Inflammatory aneurysms 1677 ANF s. Atrial natriuretic factor 279 - Normocytic anemia 1763 - Infrarenal abdominal aortic Angina pectoris 379-381, 603, - Blood-brain barrier 280 Pernicious anemia 1699 aneurysm 1662, 1671 614, 617, 619, 803, 8o6, 941, 945, - Bridging Angiogenesis 274 Sickle-cell anemia 1776 - Intimal flap 1661 1699 - Capillar growth 277 SUBJECT INDEX 1879

Capillary plexus 243 - Vessel maintenance 39 - Coronary artery bypass graft - Occipital artery 650 CD44 279 Angiography 591,602-632, 621-622 - Osler-Weber-Rendu disease - Cellular biology 273 636-657, 1369, 1380,1425,1655, - Coronary vein 656 656 - Collateral circulation 265-268 1660, 1663, 1726, 1731 - Cremaster branch 645 - Ovarian artery 655 Embryo 274 - Abdominal angina 652 - Cystic artery 653 - Palmar digital arteries 649 Endoglin 245 Abdominal aorta 642-644 - Deep circumflex artery 64 5 - Pancreatic vein 655 - Endothelial cells assemble 280 Acute abdominal bleeding 652 - Deep femoral artery 645 - Pelvic arteriography 637, 654 - Endothelial cells migration Amauorsis fugax 649 - Deep iliac circumflex artery - Penile artery 654 279 Anaphylactoid reaction 638, 655 - Penile erectile dysfuntion 654 - Endothelial cells proliferation 641 - Deep palmar arch 649 - Peripheral angiography 637 279 Aneurysm 646, 656 - Dorsal foot artery 646 - Peripheral vascular system - Endothelial NO-Synthase 279 Angiodysplasia 652 - Dorsal intercostals arteries 648 636,642 - Endothelial percursors 274 Angiographic equipment 638 - DSA 643 - Perivessel edema 653 Environmental influences 283 Angiographic examination - DSA frame rate 643 - Peroneal artery 646 - Ephrins 278, 282 642,647 - Esophageal bleeding 656 - Plantar arch 646 - FGF 278 Angiographic findings 644, - Esophageal varicosis 656 - Popliteal artery 643, 645 - Form cords 280 647-648,650-652,654-656 - External iliac artery 645, 655 - Portal arteriography 637, 655 - Functional network 281 Angiographic imaging process - Facial arteriovenous malfor- - 655-656 - Functional vessel 273 597 mations 650 - Portal triads 655 - Hemangioblast differentiation Angiographic standard - Facial artery 650 - Portal vein 655 244 projections 624 - False aneurysm 641-642 - Portal vein system 656 - Hemangioblasts 244, 276 Angiography of bypass - Femoral artery 639, 643 - 655-656 - Hematopoiesis 244, 277 conduits 621 - Femoral vein 656 - Portal venous leakage 655 - Hereditary hemorrhagic Angiography suite 638 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 651 - Portal venous pressure 655 teleangiectasia 245 Anterior circumflex humeri - Fibular artery 646 - Portosystemic gradient 655 - Hypoxia 284 artery 649 - Gastric vein 655 - Posterior auricular artery 650 - Inhibitors 278 Anterior intercostals rami 648 - Gastroduodenal artery 652-654 - Posterior cerebral artery 648 - Insulin-like growth factor 1 Anterior radicular artery 647 - Gastroepiploic artery 653 - Posterior circumflex humeri 279 Anterior tibial artery 646 - Glomus tumors 650 artery 649 - Integrins 278, 282 Aortic branch vessel 640 - Great pancreatic artery 653 - Posterior tibial artery 646 - Intussusception Angiogenesis Aortic coarctation 646 - Grollmann catheter 656 - Posttraumatic injury 646 26,274 Aortic wall ulceration 646 - Hemorrhagic shock 641 - Pressure gradient 643, 651 - Lung Kruppel-like factor 637, 646 - Hepatic artery 653 - Priapism 654 pathway 245 Arcade of Riolan 652, 654 - Hypogastric artery 654 - Projections 624-626, 643 - Matrix metalloproteinases Arrhythmias 656 - Hypovolemic shock 641 - Pudendal artery 643, 654 37-38, 278-279 642, 656 - Ileocecal artery 653 - Pull catheters 640, 651 - MCP-1 278 Artery of Adamkiewicz 647 - Ilica vein 656 - Pulmonary arteriography 637, - Molecular basis 38 Artery of Drummond 653 - Iliolumbar artery 655 656 - Molecular biology 273 Ascending aorta 647 - Indications 637, 642, 646 - Pulmonary artery 656 - Neoplasms 274 Ascending palatine artery 650 - Inferior caval vein 655-656 - Pulmonary embolism 656 - Non-sprouting Angiogenesis Ascending pharyngeal artery - Inferior epigastric artery 648 - 656 243 650 - Inferior mesenteric artery - Puncture site 639 - Oxygen level 283 Atherosclerotic dissection 646 643-644,653-654 - Push catheters 640, 651 - PAI-I 278 Axillar artery 643, 648 - Inferior mesenteric vein 655 - Radial artery 649 - Periendothelial cells 282 Brachial artery 639, 643, - Inferior pancreaticoduodenal - Renal arteriography 637, 650 - Platelet endothelial cell 648-649 artery 653-654 - Renal artery 643, 650-652 adhesion molecule-I 279 Brachiocephalic arteries 647, - Inferior rectal artery 653, 655 - Renal artery stenosis 650-651 - Platelet -derived growth factor 650 - Internal iliac arteries 653 - Renal carcinoma 651 27-28,37-39, 278-279, 282 Bronchial arteries 643, 647 - Intercostal arteries 647 - Renal infarction 652 - Platelet -derived growth factor Bronchial arteriography 637 - Intermittent 642 - Renal transplant donors 651 signaling pathway 245 Carotid arteriography 637, 649 - Internal carotid artery 649 - Renal vein 656 - Precursor cells 273 Carotid bulb 650 - Internal iliac artery 643-644, - Respiratory depression 641 - Proliferation 38-39 Carotid 649 654-655 - Right brachiocephalic artery - Remodeling 281-283 Carotid siphon 650 - Internal jugular vein 650 647 - Shear stress 283 Catheter tip 640 - Internal mammary artery 622, - Right colic artery 653 - Sprouting Angiogenesis 25-26, Catheterization technique 640 647 - Right gastric artery 654 26,243,274 Celiac artery 653 - Interosseous artery 649 - Scrotal artery 654 - Thrombospondin-1 280 Celiac catheters 640, 651 - Large gluteal artery 655 - 640 - Tie-2 pathway 244,278 Celiac trunk 643-644,651-655 - Lateral circumflex artery 645 - Selective catheterisation 640 - Transforming growth factor Cerebrovascular disease 650 - Lateral sacral artery 655 - Shepherd-crook catheter 651 26-27,40, 279 Circle of Willis 648 - Lateral thoracic artery 648 - Short gastric vein 656 - Transforming growth factor-{3 Circumflex scapular artery 649 - Left colic artery 654 - Simmons sidewinder 641, 654 signaling 26-27, 244, 278-279, Co-axial microcatheter 652 - Left gastric artery 653-654 - Sos-omni catheters 640, 651, 282 Common carotid artery 643, - Lidocaine 639 654 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 279 648 - Lingual artery 650 - Spermatic artery 655 - Tumors 277, 279 Common hepatic artery 653 - Liver transplantation 653 - Splenic artery 653-654 - Urokinase-type plasminogen Common iliac artery 643-644 - Local anesthesia 639 - Splenic vein 656 activator 279 Complications 641 Lumbar arteries 644, 647 Splenoportography 655 - Vascular endothelial growth Contraindications 638 - Marginal artery 653 - Splenorenal shunt 656 factor 23-25,38-41, 277-283 Contrast dose 643 - Maxillar artery 632 - 642 - Vascular endothelial growth Contrast flow rate 643 - Medial circumflex artery 645 - Subclavian artery 643, 647-648 factor pathway 244 Contrast material 638 - Medial rectal artery 655 - Subclavian steal phenomenon - Vascular endothelium 280-281 Coronary angiography Diffuse - Middle colic artery 653 648 - Vascular myogenesis 243, 275, coronary atherosclerosis - Middle meningeal artery 632 - Subcutaneous hematomas 641 282 786-787 - Middle sacral artery 644 - Subscapular artery 648 - Vascular plexus 243 Coronary angiography - Nephrogenic phase 651 - Superficial femoral artery 645 - Vasculogenesis 276-277 Limitations 786 - Neural palsy 639 - Superficial palmar arch 649 - Vasodilation 38 Coronary angiography - Neurofibromatosis 651 - Superior epigastric artery 648 - VE-cadherin 278-279 602-632,786,791,925-926 - Neurovascular compartment - Superior mesenteric artery - Vessel growth 273 Coronary artery 611-632 639,649 643-644, 652-654 1880 SUBJECT INDEX

Angiography Angiotensin converting enzyme - Smith antibody 1767 Antioxidant 84, 639, 697, 734, 784, - Superior mesenteric vein 656 s.ACE - Thyroid antibody 1821 Boo, 891, 893, 897, 898-900, 1011, - Superior pancreatic artery 653 Angiotensin I 722, 8o6, 1752, 1758 Anticardiolipin antibody 956, 1337 - Superior rectal artery 653, 655 Angiotensin II 169, 193, 219, 1443,1767,1772-1772 Antioxidant therapy 697 - Superior thoracic artery 648 248,251,691,722,724-725, 8o6, Anticoagulants 754, 1643 Antiphospholipid antibody 938, - Superior thyroid artery 650 888-891, 897, 899, 901, 991, 993, - Antit!Irombin III 288, 297-298, 950, 952, 956, 1091,1495, 1607, - Temporal artery 650 1010,1035-1036,1054,1693,1752, 301-302, 754, 841, 844> 862, 1075, 1767 - Thoracic outlet syndrome 647 1755> 1757-1759> 1752, 1840 1834 Antiphospholipid syndrome - Thoracoacromial artery 648 Angiotensin II blocker 8o6, 899 - aPTT 754 1102, 1507, 1520, 1607, 1767, 1772, - Tibio-peroneal trunk 646 Angiotensinase C 1019 - Complications 755 1851 - Transient ischemic attack 649 Angulus venosus 1539 - Dalteparin 756 - Anticardiolipin antibody - Transverse pancreatic artery Ankle pressure 1375 - Enoxaparin 756 1772-1772 653-654 Ankle-brachial index 392, 401, - Heparin-induced thrombo- - Dexamet!Iasone 1773 - Traumatic dissection 642, 646 1023, 1435> 1453, 1455> 1457> cytopenia-2 756,1352-1353 - Fibrous intimal hyperplasia - Ulnar artery 649 1655-1656,1663,1669 - Hirudin 756, 844 1773 - 656 Ankylosing spondylitis 954, 958 - Indication 755 - Focal cortical atrophy 1773 - Uterine artery 655 Anode 593-594 - Low-molecular-weight heparin - Lupus antigoagulant 1772-1773 - Vaginal artery 655 Anomalous pulmonary artery 751-756,769, 1090,1511-1512, - Lupus nephritis 1773 - Vascular tumor blush 652 origin 487 1517, 1518 - Management 1773 - Vasculitis 648 Anomalous unilateral single - Nadroparin 756 - Pathogenesis 1773 - Vertebral artery 648 pulmonary vein 491 - Oral anticoagulants 291, 757, - Pat!Iology 1773 - Vesical artery 655 Anomalous unilateral single 1093> 1103,1511-1513,1516,1519 - Prednisolone 1773 - Visceral vascular system 636, pulmonary vein 491 - Prothrombin time 757 - Proteinuria 1773 652 - Scimitar syndrome 491 - Recombinant hirudin 756 - Thrombocytopenia 1772 - X-Ray 591-602 Anopia Bitemporal hemianopia - rt-PA 386,755,757-760,762, - Thrombotic microangiopat!Iy Angiojet catheter 1476 1184 1124, 1168, 1230, 1354, 1514, 1772-1773 Angioleiomyoma 1858 1708, 1766 1517-1518 - Tubular thyroidization 1773 angioma 1707 Anosmia 1184, 1849 - Streptokinase 358,596, 755, - 1772 Angioma racemosum venousum ANP 193, 1753, 1756, 1776, 757-759> 762,1090, 1099> 1354, Antiplatelet agents 751 1253 1847-1848 1399> 1514, 1518, 1729, 1732 - Abciximab 171-172, 752-756, Angioma s. Arteriovenous Antegrade scrotal - Systemic embolisation 755 763,766,826,842-850, malformation 1865 - Therapeutic window 754 1119-1120,1125,1138,1145 Angiomata 1719-1721,1723 Anterior circulation symptoms - Thrombocytopenia 755 - ADP receptor inhibitor 752 - Argon plasms coagulation 1576 - Thrombolysis 755-760,763, - Aspirin 752-754,757-759,769, 1719-1720 Anterior cranial fossa dural 769 781-783,801,806,822-823,834, - Bipolar electrocoagulation fistula 1131 - Unfractionated heparin 841,844-845,848,902,946, 1719-1720 Antibiotics 336, 902, 1393 753-760,769,842-845,1511, 1036, 1090-1092, 1118, 1310, 1313, - Complications 1720 Antibody 1517-1518 1324,1348-1349, 1389, 1399, 1403, - Endoscopic treatment 1719 - ANCA 357-361, 363, 481, 483, - 291, 293, 757, 823, 956, 1453,1773-1774 - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 937> 939, 943-944, 960, 1388, 1092, 1701, 1729 - Clopidogrel 752, 8o6, 834, 841, 1719 1599-1600, 1604,1606-1608 Anticoagulation 1090,1103, 1515, 886, 1092,1118, 1310,1313, 1324, - Heater probe 1719-1720 - Antibody-antigen complexes 1519,1747 1348-1349> 1389, 1399 - Iron-deficiency anemia 1719 357,939 Antidextran antibody 1391 - Complications 753 - Pulmonary aspiration 1720 - Antibody-attack-mediated Antidiuretic hormone s. ADH - Cyclooxygenase inhibitor 752 - Ulceration 1720 vasculitis 357, 1762 s. Vasopressin - Eptifibatide 752-753 Angiomatoid lesion 1612, 1625 - Antibody-mediated hyperacute Anti -endothelial antibodies 362, - GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor Angiomyolipmas 1796 rejection 1768 940,1762 752-753,760,764-769 Angiopeptin 1853 - Anticardiolipin antibody 956, Antiglomerular basement - Neutropenia 752 - Acetylcholine 1853 1443,1767,1772-1772 membrane antibodies 357, 359, - Thienopyridines 752 - Acromegaly 1853 - Antidextran antibody 1391 1604,1607-1608,1766 - Thrombocytopenia 753 - Insulin-like growth factor-I - Antiendot!Ielial antibodies - Acute renal failure 1766 - Thromboxane A2 806 1853 361-362,940,1762 - ANCA 1766 - Ticlopidine 752, 8o6, 822-823, - Lanreotide 1853 - Antigen-antibody immune - Anorexia 1766 834, 841, 848, 1092, 1324, 1349, - Somatostatin analoga 1853 complex 357 - Anti-GMB antibody 1766 1389, 1399, 1770 Angioplasty 105,1093-1094,1303 - Antiglomerular basement - Anti-GMB disease 1767 - Tirofiban 752-753 - Dissection 106 membrane antibodies 357, 359, - Clinical syndrome 1766 Antiserine proeinase-3 antibodies - Elastic recoil 256 1604,1607-1608,1766 - Cyclophosphamide 1767 1763 - Iatrogenic trauma 106 - Antinuclear antibodies 937, - Goodpasture's disease 1766 Antitesticular antibodies 1861 - Intimal dissection 1119-1120 950,953, 960, 1388, 1604, 1607, - Hemoptysis 1766 Antithrombin 1520 - Inward modeling 256 1632 - Intra-alveolar hemorrhage 1766 Antithrombin III 288, 297-298, - Laser angioplasty 672 - Antiphospholipid antibody - Lung hemorrhage 1766 301-302, 754, 841, 844, 862, 1075> - Neointimal formation 256 938,950,952, 956, 1091, 1495, - Lung purpura 1766 1834 - Perforation 1119 1607,1767 - Malaise 1766 Antit!Irombin III deficiency 1102, - Poststenotic dilatation 1119 - Antiphospholipid-antibody - Management 1766 1494 - Radiopaque medium 106 syndrome 1102,1507,1520,1607 - Methylprednisolone 1767 Antrectomy 1699 - Residual stenosis m8 - Antiserine proeinase-3 anti- - Microcytic anemia 1766 Anxiety 1050 - Restenosis 256 bodies 1763 - Pathogenesis 1766 Anxiety attacks 1047 - Rotational angioplasty 672 - Anti testicular antibodies 1861 - Pathology 1766 Aorta Hemodynamic 143 - Thrombotic occlusion 106 - Autoantibody 357, 940 - Pauci-immune vasculitis 1766 aorta Interrupted 1043 - Vascular remodeling 256 - Cardiolipin antibody 1520 - Proteinuria 1766 Aortic angioplasty 1657, 1663 - Vessel rupture 1119-1120 - Cross-reactive antibodies 939 - Rapidly progressive crescentic Aortic annular dilatation 1654 Angiopoietin 28, 38 - Cytotoxic antibodies 1004 glomerulonephritis 1766 Aortic arch 370 - Angiopoietin-1 28, 38,279,1751 - DNA antibody 1388 - 1766 - DiGeorge syndrome 372 - Angiopoietin-2 29, 38, 279, - DNA-anti-DNA antibody com- Antihemophilic factor A 296 - Ductus arteriosus 372-374 1751 plex 358, 952 Antimyeloperoxidase antiodies - Interruptions 372 Angiopoietin pathway 244 - Factor VIII antibodies 208 1763 - Malformation 370 Angiopoietin signaling 28 - HCV antibody 937 Antineutrophil cytoplasmic - Morphogenesis 370 - Tie receptor 28 - HIV -I antibodies 1638 autoantibodies s.ANCA - Pharyngeal arch arteries 370 Angiosarcoma 478, 1708 - Phosphatidylethanolamine Antinuclear antibodies 937, 950, - Proximal right subclavian Angiotensin 1334, 1690, 1775 antibodies 1077 953,960, 1388, 1604, 1607 artery 370 SUBJECT INDEX 1881

- Segment B 370-372 - Mortality 1557 - Fick principle 146 Arginine vasopressin 722, 990, - Sixth arch artery 372 - Ostial side-branch occlusion - Flow rate 146 993.1774 Aortic arch 1410 1730 - Gorlin equation 146 Argon beam plasma coagulation Aortic arch syndrome 361, 1365 - Paraparesis 1570 - Hemodynamic 146 1703,1713-1714,1719-1721,1723 Aortic branch vessel 640 - 1557 - Indicator-dilution 146 Argon laser coagulation 1713, Aortic coarctation 41, 646, 1020, - Paresis 1557 - Kinetic energy 146 1720 1024,1043.1050, 1057.1100,1653. - Pericardia} effusion 1553 - Pressure change 146 Arophic skin 1527 1726,1725 - Re-entry 1553 - Velocity 146 631, 656, 695, 980, - Diagnosis 1043 - Rupture 1555,1563 - Volumetric flow rate 146 985, 1024, 1055. 1088, 1698 - Interrupted aorta 1043 - Side-branch inflow obstruction Aortic ventricular tunnel 1563 - Atrial arrhythmia 971, 975, - Ligamentum arteriosum 1043 1730 Aortic wall ulceration 646 1819 - Postductal 1043 - Slow flow 1549-1550 Aortic-origin grafting 1575,1578 - Malignant ventricular !achy• - Preductal 1043 - Sluggish flow 1550 Aortitis 950, 952,954, 1559 arrhythmia 921 - Pseudo-coarctation 1550 - dysfunction 1557 - syphilitic 958 - Reperfusion arrhythmias 761 - Treatment 1043 - Spine cord injury 1555 Aortobifemoral - Supraventricular !achy- Aortic dilatation 42 - Stanford classification 1552 607 arrhythmias 1820 Aortic dissection 460-461, 546, - Stanford type A 166o, 1671 Aortoduodenal fistulas 1700 - Ventricular arrhythmia 736, 1022,1024,1057.1549-1558, - Stanford type B 1660, 1671 - Aneurysm sac 1700 859-860, 971, 975 1563-1567,1569-1570,1654. - Stent-graft migration 1557 - Complication 1700 - Ventricular tachyarrhythmia 166o, 1729 - Stent-graft placement 1553, - Diagnosis 1700 748,1820 - Acute dissection 1553, 1555-1557 - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Arsenic 1770 1562-1564 - Stent-grafting lacks 1557 1700 Arterial blood flow 693 - Aortic pain 1553 - Subacute dissection 1555-1556 - Herald bleed 1700 s. Blood flow - Aortic regurgitation 1553 - Surgical treatment 1570 Aortoenteric fistula 1731 - Acceleration of flow 142 - Aortic remodeling 1557 - Takayasu's aortitis 1671 Aortography 637, 646, 1554, 1556, - Anastomotic geometries 142 - Aortic rupture 1671 - Therapy 1553 1577 - Aorta 143 - Arteriovenous bypass 1570 - Thoracic aortic dissection 1551 - Aortic arch aortography 1588 - Aortic valve 143 - Atrio-femoral bypass 1570 - Thrombus 1549-1550,1553,1556 - Contrast aortography 1550 - Arterio-venous fistula 142 - Back pain syndrome 1557 - Thrombus retraction 1557 - Multiplanar arch aortography - Carotid bifurcation 143, 410 - Bentall and De Bono operation - Transient postimplantation 1577 - Cava-pulmonary anastomosis 1565 syndrome 1557 Aortotomy 1804-1805 145 - Blood pressure differentials - Treatment 1555 - Lateral aortotomy 1799 - Coronary inflow 143 1553 - True lumen 1549,1556, 1564, - Vertical aortotomy 1581 - Deceleration of flow 142 - Bowel ischemia 1671 1730 APC 288-289, 293-296, 298, - Flared offset 145 - Cerebral protection 1564 - Type A dissection 1552-1553, 300-301, 2103 - Flow rate 142 - Chronic dissection 1556 1556-1557 APC resistance 1388, 1494-1495 - Graft-to-host artery 142 - Chronic stable dissection 1569 - Type B dissection 1553, Aphasia 544, 1077-1078, 1102, - Navier-Stokes equation 142 - Circulatory arrest 1570 1556-1557.1569,1569 1517 - Resistance 165 - Claudication 1671 - Type I dissection 1567, 1569 Aphthous lesions 486 - Straight zero-offset 145 - Clinical signs 1553 - Type II dissection 1552, 1564 Apolipoprotein 1450 - Velocity proftles 139-144 - Complications 1569, 1671 - Type III dissection 1552,1567, Apolipoprotein A 894, 1387 Arterial blood pressure recording - Composite graft 1565 1569 Apolipoprotein B 224, 894, 1000, 6o6 - Dacron graft 1565 - Unstable aortic dissection 1552 1387,1834 Arterial compliance 122, 124, - De Bakey's nomenclature 1552, - Vein graft 1565 Apolipoprotein B-100 780 126-127,132-133.154.157 1564 - Visceral side-branch ischemia Apolipoprotein B-48 780 Arterial distensibility 132 - Descending aortic dissection 1730 Apolipoprotein E 248, 500 Arterial elastic properties 153 1553 Aortic insufficiency 736, 1020, Apolipoprotein S2 - 154,157 - Diagnosis 1553, 1564 1558 Apoprosterol 1628 - Direct determination 153 - Diastolic aortic murmurs 1553 Aortic membrane fenetration Apoptosis 83, 98, 103,359, 735, - Isobaric vasoconstriction 155 - Differential diagnosis 1553 1729 888,891-892,939.990,1004, - Nitroglycerin 155-156 - Dissection membrane Aortic neck 1664 1071-1073,1450,1823,1848 - Pressure-area curve 153-155 fenetration 1730 Aortic pain 1553 - Enzymes 98 - Pressure-compliance curve - Embolic stroke 1557 Aortic pressure wave 120-121 - Karyorrhexis 99 154-157 - Endoleakage 1557 - A-type aortic wave 120 - Leukocyte inftltration 98 - Radiofrequency ultrasound - Endovascular reconstruction - C-waves 120 - Rate 98 signal 154 1557 Aortic reimplanation 1805 Appendicitis 1359 - Smooth muscle relaxation - Endovascular treatment 1730 Aortic remodeling 1557 Appetite-suppressant drugs 1632 154-157 - Entry 1553 Aortic rupture 1043, 1563, 1671 Appetite-suppressant pulmonary - Smooth muscle tone 154-158 - False lumen 1549,1553, Aortic stenosis 1550 hypertension 1626 Arterial elasticity 132 1556-1557.1564,1570,1730 Aortic syndrome 1552 Apraxia 1078, 1080 Arterial embolization 1859 - False-lumen thrombosis Aortic ulcer 1558 Aprotinin 862 Arterial entrapment 1338 1556-1557 - Aortic atherosclerosis 1558 Arachnoid cysts 1103 Arterial hypoemia 1637 - Femoro-femoral crossover - Giant ulcer 1558 Arcade of Riolan s. Anastomosis Arterial impedance 117, 121, bypass 1671 - Hydraulic stress 1558 ofRiolan 126-127, 130 - Heart block 1563 - Ligamentum arteriosum 1558 ARDS 1716 - Arterial input 118 - Hypothermia 1557, 1564, 1570 Aortic valve 610 ARDS s. Adult respiratory distress - Cardiac frequency 117 - Iliac-renal bypass 1671 - Aortic valve malformation 42 syndrome - Characteristic Impedance - Imaging modality 1553 - Aortic valvular stenosis 88 Arginase I 192 118-212, 130-131 - Intimal flap 1549, 1552 - Bicuspid aortic valve 1043, Arginase II 192 - Fundamental frequency 117 - Intimal perforation 1550 1057 Arginine 569, 1693 - Impedance pattern 122 - Intimal tear 1552, 1569 - Hemodynamic 143 - Dimethylarginine 889, 898, - Impedante mismatch 122 - Intra-aortic side-branch - Leaflets 14 3 1337 - Visco-elastic tube model 122 stenosis 1730 - Sinuses ofValsalva 143 - L-arginine 166, 192,569, 725, Arterial inflow 1493 - Intraluminal communication Aortic valvular disease 736, 1823 737. 784,888-889, 897-898, 996, Arterial input 118 1556 Aortic valvular insufficiency 1654 1393-1394.1620,1755 Arterial ischemic syndromes - IVUS 1730 Aortic valvular stenosis 88, 6os, - L-N-omega-nitro-1-arginine 391-392 - Leakage 1569 616 methyl ester 1755 - Acute arterial ischemic - Limb-threatening ischemia - Bernoulli equation 141, 146 - N-monomethyl-L-arginine syndromes 391-392 1660 - Doppel echocardiography 146 192,566, 692, 694-696, 891,924, - Chronic arterial ischemic - Morbidity 1557 - Energetic effect 146 1335. 1620, 1755 syndromes 393 1882 SUBJECT INDEX

Arterial kinking 1793 - Smooth muscle contraction - Vascular cell adhesion - Embolization 1236-1239,1243 Arterial remodeling 1450-1451 154,157 molecule-1 268 - Endovascular occlusion 1238 Arterial stenosis 147 - Smooth muscle relaxation - Vascular endothelial growth - Flow-related proximal - Energy conservation principle 154-157 factor 271 aneurysm 1241 147 - Smooth muscle tone 154-158 - Vimentin 270 - Glomerular arteriovenous - Flow separation 147 - Stain 151 Arteriography 1380-1387, 1798 malformation 1257 - Hemodynamic 147 - Stress 151 - Abdominal angina 1381 - Hemorrhage 1243-1244 - Inertial forces 147 - Stress-strain curve 158 - Aneurysm 1381-1382 - in cerebrovascular disease 1115, - Multiple stenoses 147 - Transmural pressure 157 - Arteriovenous fistula 1117, 1127, 1130, 1134-1138, 1156 - Noncritical stenosis 147 - Unstressed radius 156 1381-1382 - Indications 1135 - Poststenotic flow field 147 - Vasodilatation curve 157 - Bleeding 1381-1382 - Intracranial arteriovenous - Potential energy 147 - Vasodilator drugs 159 - Complete ischemic syndrome malformation 540 - Turbulence downstream 147 - Viscoelasticity 152 1381 - Intracranial arteriovenous - Turbulence Upstream 147 - Windkessel effect s.Windkessel - Complication 1381 malformation 540 - Viscous effects 147 - Young's modulus 151 - Contrast reaction 1382-1383 - Intranidal aneurysm 1244 - Viscous forces 147 Arterial wall models 158 - 1381 - Juvenile arteriovenous malfor- Arterial stress-strain curve 158 - Modified Maxwell model 158 - Guidewire 1380 mation 1257 Arterial wall components 152 - Stress-strain curve 158 - Hematoma 1381-1382 - Medullary arteriovenous - Adventitia 152 - Total incremental elastic - Hemorrhage 1382 malformation 1257 - Collagen fibers 152 modulus 158 - Incomplete ischemic syndrome - Pedicle feeder 1243-1244 - Elastin 152-153 Arterial-portal fistula 1695 1381 - Procedure 1136 - Endothelin 152 Arteries 51-71 - Indication 1381 - Pulmonary arteriovenous - Inner layer 152 - 53 s. Arterioles - Local thrombosis 1381-1382 malformation 478-479 - Intima 152 - Arteriovenous anastomosis 56, - Patient selection 1380 - Pulmonary embolism 1136, 1138 - Media 152 71 - Peripheral embolism 1382 - Secondary feeder 1238 - Middle layer 152 - 53 s. Capillaries - Renal hypertension 1381 - Single-step combined approach - Nitric oxide 152 - Elastic arteries 51, 91 - Seldinger technique 1380 1235-1240 - Oscillatory pressure 152 - End-arteries 53, 63, 67 - Side effects 1381 - Spetzler-Martin grading - Outer layer 152 - Endothelial cell 56 - Vasospasm 1382 system 1236, 1239 - Prostacyclin 152 - Helical arteries 53 Arterioles 53, 107 - Spinal cord arteriovenous Arterial wall mechanics 151 - Hemodynamic 143 Arterioportal fistula 1731, malformation 1141 - Adventitia 152 - 51 1733-1734 - Treatment 1236-1239, 1241, 1243 - Arterial aneurysms 159 - Infrastructure 233 Arteriotomy 943,1322,1356,1578, - Unrelated aneuysm 1241 - Arterial elastic properties 153 - Innervation 56 1580-1581,1804 Arteriovenous shunt 41, 89, 540, - Arterial pressure waveform - Intervillous space 71 - Anterior renal arteriotomy 1020 159 - K-myocytes 52 1805 Artery 56 - Arterial stiffness 154 - Lamina propria intimae 51 - Longitudinal arteriotomy - Abdominal aorta 59, 66, 79, 97, - Atherosclerotic plaque rupture - M-myocytes 52 1586,1589 642-644 159 - Muscular arteries 52 - Transverse arteriotomy 1804 - Afferent glomerular arterioles - Clinical implications 159 - Occlusion 97 Arteriovenous anastomosis 56, 68 - Collagen fibers 152 - Pathology 76 71,1475-1476, 1493 - Anastomosis of Riolan 67 - Compliance 151,154-157 - Pericytes 54 Arteriovenous fistula 89, 91, 142, - Angular artery 58, 383, 1068 - Components 152 - Sphincter 53 542, 6oS, 630, 1325, 1441, 1492, - Anterior cerebral artery 64, 70, - Direct determination 153 - Stratum subendotheliale 51 1772 383,533,538,1067-1069,1078, - Direct effects of drugs 156 - Windkessel function 51 - Angiography 642, 656 1096, 1121, 1173 - Distensibility 151 Arteriobronchial fistula 486 - Arteriography 1381-1382 - Anterior choroidal artery 64, - Elastic modulus 151 Arteriogenesis 265-272 - Cavernous dural arteriovenous 1077, 1182-1184, 1265 - Elastic properties 151 - Capillary angiogenesis 271 fistula 1130, 1133 - Anterior circumflex artery 59 - Elastin 152-153 - Desmin 270 - Clinical symptoms 542 - Anterior circumflex humeri - Endothelin 152 - Fibroblast growth factor 270 - Cranial dural arteriovenous artery 649 - Geometric effect 157 - Fibroblasts 269 fistula 1141 - Anterior communicating - Heart failure 159 - Fibronectin 270 - Dural arteriovenous fistual artery 64, 533,536,1067, 1145, - Hooke's law 151 - Granulocyte-monocyte colony- 542 1162,1185 - Hypertension 159 stimulating factor 270 - Dural Arteriovenous fistula - Anterior inferior cerebellar - In vitro 156 - Hepatocyte growth factor 271 542, 1128, 1130, 1253, 1265 artery 64, 384, 533, 1067, - In vivo 156 - Initation 268 - Hemodynamic 144 1069-1070,1079,1190,1299 - Incremental elastic modulus - Intercellular adhesion - Perimedullary arteriovenous - Anterior inferior temporal 151-153 molecule-1 268 fistula 1259-1261 artery 383 - Indirect effects of drugs 156 - Ischemia 268 - Postoperative 542 - Anterior intercostals artery 59 - Innerlayer 152 - Laminin 270 - Renal artery stenosis - Anterior intercostals rami 648 - Intima 152 - Matrix metalloproteinases 1795-1796 - Anterior internal frontal artery - Isobaric 155 270 - Spinal dural arteriovenous 383,1068 - Isobaric arterial stiffness 157 - Maturation 268 fistula 1141, 1253-1257 - Anterior interventricular - Isobaric vasoconstriction 155 - Migration 268 - Thrombectomy 1515 artery 64 - Isometric 155 - Monocyte chemoattractant - Traumatic 542 - Anterior interventricular - Media 152 protein-1 269 - Varicose 1498 branch 64 - Middle layer 152 - Monocytes 269 - Venous occlusion 542 - Anterior ophthalmic artery - Models 158 - Neointima 270 - Venous occlusion plethysmog- 1067 - Myocardial infarction 159 - Placenta growth factor 271 raphy 1371-1372 - Anterior parietal artery 383, - Nitroglycerin 154 - Plasminogen activators 271 - Venous thrombosis 542 1068 - Oscillatory pulse pressure 152 - Platelet -derived growth factor Arteriovenous malformation 427, - Anterior radicular artery 647 - Outer layer 152 271,282 430,540,550,1084-1085,1098, - Anterior radiculomedullary - Pressure-area curve 153-155 - Proliferation 268 1127,1134-1138,1235-1240,1702 artery 65 - Pressure-area relationship 151 - Remodeling 268 - Aneurysm 1240-1244 - Anterior septal branch 64 - Pressure-compliance curve - Selectin 269 - Cerebral edema 1138 - Anterior spinal artery 64, 154-157 - Sequence of events 268 - Complications 1138, 1237-1239 1259-1260, 1263 - Prostacyclin 152 - Shear stress 268 - Diagnostic 1135 - Anterior tibial artery 6o, 646, - Pulse wave velocity 151 - Synthesis 268 - Distal feeder 1243 1333,1409 - Radiofrequency ultrasound - Tenascin 270 - Dysplastic aneurysm 1241 - Anterior tibial recurrent artery signal 154 - Tissue necrosis 271 - Embolization 1127 6o SUBJECT INDEX

- Anterolateral central artery 64 - Cortical radiate arteries 68 - Iliolumbar artery 6o, 655 - Left gastric artery 66, 653-654, - Anteromedial central arteries - Costocervical trunk 59 - Inferior alveolar artery 58, 66 1731 64 - Cremaster branch 645 - Inferior collateral ulnar artery - Left gastroepiploic artery 66, - Aorta 79 - Cremasteric artery 6o 59 67 - Aortic arch 59 - Cubital artery 1406 - Inferior epigastric artery 59, - Left inferior phrenic artery 66 - Aortic sinus 63 - Cystic artery 68, 653, 1686, 1734 648,855, 863, 866, 882, 1872 - Left main coronary artery 626, - Appendicular artery 67, 67 - Deep brachial artery 59 - Inferior gluteal artery 59 628 - Arcade of Riolan 652, 654,1741 - Deep cavernosal artery 1872 - Inferior hypophyseal artery - Left pulmonary artery 56 - Arteria thyroidea ima 57 - Deep cervical artery 59 70,1812 - Lenticulostriate artery 1187, - Artery of Adamkiewicz 647, - Deep circumflex artery 64 5 - Inferior labial artery 58, 66 1217-1218, 1221,1292 1557 - Deep circumflex iliac artery 6o - Inferior laryngeal artery 58 - Leptomeningeal artery 1217 - Artery of Drummond 1685, - Deep dorsal penile artery 1872 - Inferior mesenteric artery 59, - Lienal artery 66 1741 - Deep femoral artery 645, 1670 67, 643-644> 653-654> 1407, 1676, - Ligamentum arteriosum 56 - Artery of Drummond 653 - Deep iliac circumflex artery 1686,1688, 1728, 1740 - Lingual artery 57, 66, 650, 1411 - Ascending aorta 57, 647 655 - Inferior nasal of - Lumbar arteries 59, 65, 644, - Ascending cervical artery 58, - Deep palmar arch 59, 649, 1333, retina 58 647 65 1422 - Inferior pancreaticoduodenal - Marginal artery 64, 653 - Ascending palatine artery 58, - Deep temporal arteries 58 artery 653-654 - Marginal branch 611, 625, 626, 66,650 - Deferential artery 70 - Inferior parietal artery 383 863,882 - Ascending pharyngeal artery - Descending aorta 57 - Inferior phrenic artery 58, 71, - Maxillar artery 58, 66, 632, 58, 66, 650, 1129 - Descending genicular artery 6o 1734 1129,1131 - Atrioventricular nodal artery - Descending interventricular - Inferior rectal artery 67, 653, - Medial anterior malleolar 611,613 artery 64 655 artery 6o - Axillar artery 59, 643, 648, - Descending palatine artery 58 - Inferior suprarenal artery 71 - Medial arteriole of retina 58 1405,1422 - Diagonal artery 64 - Inferior temporal arterioles - Medial circumflex artery 645 - Basilar artery 64, 538, 1067, - Diagonal branch 611, 625, 626, ofretina 58 - Medial circumflex femoral 1070, 1079> 1096,1121, 1155> 882 - Inferior thyroid artery 58, 66, artery 6o 1157-1158,1171,1188-1193,1325, - Digital artery 1333 70,1811 - Medial inferior genicular 1411 - Dorsal artery of nose 58 - Inferior vesical artery 59, 69 artery 6o - Brachial artery 59, 6o8, 639, - Dorsal digital arteries of foot - Infraorbital artery 58 - Medial malleolar branches 6o 643> 648-649, 1352, 1406, 1422 60 - Insular artery 1218 - Medial occipitotemporal artery - Brachiocephailc artery 647, - Dorsal foot artery 6o, 646 - Intercostal artery 65, 647 1068 650, 1078, 1422 - Dorsal intercostals arteries - Interlobular arteries 68, 68 - Medial palpebral artery 58 - Brachiocephalic trunk 57 648 - Internal carotid artery 58, 64, - Medial plantar artery 6o - Bronchial arteries 56,643,647, - Dorsal penile artery 70 410, 533> 649> 1067, 1077> - Medial rectal artery 655 1688 - Dorsalis pedis artery 1333 1116, 1118, 1121, 1128-1129, 1133, - Medial superior genicular - Calcanean branches 6o - Ductus arteriosus 71, 89 1155-1156,1170,1177-1183,1186, artery 6o - Calcarine artery 383, 1068 - Ductus of Harvey 71 1292 - Median sacral artery 57, 59, - Callosomarginal artery 64 - Efferent glomerular arterioles - Internal iliac artery 59, 67, 69, 1254 - Canals of Havers 65 68 643-644,655-655,1686 - Meningeal artery 1249 - Canals of Volkmann 65 - Elastic artery type 667, 679 - Internal mammary artery 58, - Midbasilar artery 1189 - Carotid sinus 77 - Epicardial coronary artery 618 622, 625, 647> 1589 - Middle cerebral artery 64, 383, - Carotid siphon 77 - Epigastric artery 59 - Internal occipital artery 1068 423, 533-537> 540,1067-1069, - Cavernous part 64 - Epiploic artery 1685-1686 - Internal pudendal artery 59, 67 1077-1078,1096,1121-1123, 1145> - Celiac artery 1683-1684, - Esophageal arteries 1683 - Internal rectal venous plexus 1157-1158,1160-1162,1172-1173, 1686-1688 - Ethmoidal arteries 58 1686 1186-1188, 1221 - Celiac artery 653, 1407 - External carotid artery 57, 410, - Internal thoracic artery 58, - Middle colic artery 67, 67, 653, - Celiac trunk 66, 464, 643-644, 1067, 1128, 1130 854-855,863-865,880,882 1685-1686 651-655 - External iliac artery 59, 6o, - Interosseous artery 649, 1422 - Middle genicular artery 6o - Central artery 383, 1068 645> 655 - Intracranial part 64 - Middle internal frontal artery - Central artery of retina 58 - External pudendal artery 6o - Jejunal arteries 67 383,1068 - Cervical part 64 - External venous plexus 1686 - Labial brandies 69 - Middle meningeal artery 58, - Choroid plexus 64 - Facial artery 57, 66, 650, - Labyrinthine artery 64 632, 1129, 1295 - Ciliary arteries 58 1129-1130 - Lacrimal artery 58 - Middle posterior choroid - Circle of Willis 64, 86, 432, - Femoral artery 6o, 6o8, 639, - Large gluteal artery 655 arteries 65 533-537, 648, 1067, 1117, 1135> 643 - Lateral anterior malleolar - Middle rectal artery 59, 67, 69 1142-1143,1156,1158,1292-1293, - Fibular artery 646 artery 6o - Middle sacral artery 644 1304, 1317, 1812 - Ganglionic part 64 - Lateral branch 64 - Middle suprarenal artery 59, - Circle of Willis 648 - Gastric arteries 1684-1685, - Lateral circumflex artery 645 71 - Circumflex artery 64 1687 - Lateral circumflex femoral - Musculary artery type 667, 679 - Circumflex artery of scapula - Gastroduodenal artery 66, 67, artery 6o - Musculophrenic artery 58 59 623, 652-654, 1686, 1731 - Lateral inferior genicular - Nutrient foramina 65 - Circumflex branch 64 - Gastroepiploic artery 623, 653, artery 6o - Obturator artery 59, 69 - Circumflex coronary artery 855, 863-865, 884, 948, 1685 - Lateral occipitotemporal artery - Occioital artery 58, 650, 1129, 866,880 - Glans penis artery 70 1068 1411 - Circumflex scapular artery - Glomerular capillaries 68 - Lateral plantar artery 6o - Occipital internal artery 383 649 - Great anterior radiculo- - Lateral sacral artery 59, 65, - Ophthalmic artery 58, 422, - Clitoris artery 69 medullary artery 1557 655 1077> 1128-1129, 1133> 1169,1307, - Coeliac trunk 59, 66 - Great pancreatic artery 653 - Lateral superior genicular 1411 - Common carotid artery 57, - Helical branches 69 artery 6o - Ovarian artery 59, 69, 655, 1812 410, 643, 648 - Helicine arteries 69 - Lateral thoracic artery 59, 648 - Ovarian branch 69 - Common hepatic artery 66, 67, - Hepatic artery 66, 653, 1683, - Left anterior descending artery - Palmar arch 1406 623, 653, 1686 1685, 1689, 1801-1802 234,610-632,880-886 - Palmar digital arteries 649 - Common iliac artery 59, - Highest intercostal artery 59 - Left anterior ventricular - Pancreatic artery 68, 1685 643-644 - Hippocampal artery 1068 branch 64 - Pancreaticoduodenal artery - Common interosseous artery - Hypogastric artery 654 - Left circumflex artery 610-632, 1686 59 - Ileal arteries 67 625,626 - Paracentral artery 383 - Conus branch 611, 616, 625 - Ileocecal artery 653 - Left colic artery 67, 654, 1685 - Parietal branches 59 - Coronary artery 611-632 - Ileocolic artery 67, 67, 1686 - Left coronary artery 57, 63, 611, - Parietal posterior artery 383 - Cortical artery 1217-1218, 1221 - Iliac artery 1352, 1801-1802 625,626 - Penicillar arterioles 66 1884 SUBJECT INDEX

Artery - Radial artery 59, 609, 649, 855, - Superior nasal arteriole of Assist device - Penile artery 654 863-865, 882-883, 886, 1357, retina 58 - Extracorporeal pneumatic left - Perforating arteries 6o 1406,1422 - Superior pancreatic artery 653 ventrticular assist device 870 - Pericallosa artery 64 - Radiculomedullary artery - Superior pancreaticoduodenal - Extracorporeal pneumatic - Pericardiacophrenic artery 58 1141-1142 artery 66-67, 1685-1686 right ventricular assist device - Perineal artery 69 - Ramus intermedius 626 - Superior parietal artery 383 870 - Peritubular capillary plexus 68 - Ramus intermedius branch 882 - Superior phrenic artery 59 - Internal electric left ventricular - Peroneal artery 646, 1333, 1409 - Renal artery 59, 71, 463, 549, - Superior rectal artery 67, 67, assist devic.e 870 - Petrous part 64 643,650-652,1677,1798-1802 653,655 Asterocytoma 1263 - Pial artery 65 - Rete cutaneum 71 - Superior suprarenal artery 59, Asthma 360, 945, 1601, 1606, 1608, - Plantar arch 6o, 646, 1333 - Rete subpapillare 71 71 1698,1765 - Plantar digital artery 6o - Retinal artery 1077 - Superior temporal arterioles Astrocytic proliferation 1096 - Plantar metatarsal artery 60 - Right anterior ventricular ofretina 58 Asystole 748 - Pontine arteries 64 artery 64 - Superior thoracic artery 59, 648 AT, receptor 722,899,1752-1753 - Popliteal artery 6o, 464, 643, - Right brachiocephalic artery - Superior thyroid artery 58, 70, - antagonist 991 645, 1352, 1357, 1440 647 650 AT 2 receptor 722, 1752 - Portal arteriography 637, 655 - Right colic artery 67, 67, 653 - Superior vesical artery 59, 69 Ataxia 949, 1077, 1079, 1081, - Portal hypertension 655-656 - Right coronary artery 57, 63, - Supraorbital artery 58 1083-1084,1101,1166,1223,1576 - Posterior anterior cerebral 610-626,625,626,863 - Suprascapular artery 58 Ataxic hemiparesis syndrome artery 1184 - Right gastric artery 66, 66, 654 - Supratrochlear artery 58 384 - Posterior auricular artery 58, - Right gastroepiploic artery 66, - Temporal artery 383, 650, 1068, Atenolol 804, 899, 1032, 1034, 650 67 1295> 1411 1349,1435 - Posterior cecal artery 67 - Right marginal artery 64 - Temporo-occipital artery 383 238, 670, 672, 824, - Posterior cerebral artery 64, - Right pulmonary artery 56 - Temporopolar artery 64 863,1729 64, 70, 384, 533, 648, 1067-1069, - Right subclavian artery 57 - Testicular artery 59, 70 - Directional 824, 830, 833,1474 1079, 1096,1170, 1181, 1191, 1193, - Right ventricular branch 611 - Thoracic aorta 59 - Rotational 824-825, 829-833, 1325,1812 - Scapular circumflex artery 59 - Thoracoacromial artery 59, 648 843 - Posterior choroidal artery 65, - Scrotal artery 654 - Thoracodorsal artery 59 Atheroembolic disease 1760 1265 - Segmental artery 1253 - Thymic branches 65 Atheroembolism 97, 1657 - Posterior circumflex humeri - Septal branch 611, 625 - Thyreocervical trunk 58, 66, 320, 603, 996, 1653 artery 649 - Short gastric arteries 67 70,1811 Atheromatosis s. - Posterior communicating - Sigmoid arteries 67, 67 - Thyroid artery 57 Atheromatous abscess 94 artery 64, 1067, 1096, 1143, 1162, - Single coronary artery 616 - Tibio-peroneal trunk 646 Atheromatous core 327-328 1181-1184,1812 - Sinus node artery 611, 613 - Transverse pancreatic artery Atheromatous disease 1790 - Posterior descending artery - Spermatic artery 655 653-654 Atheromatous plaque 1789 611,625,626 - Sphenopalatine artery 1130 - Trochlear artery 1299 Atherosclerosis 78,102-109, - Posterior humeri artery 59 - Spinal branches 65 - Tubal branch 69 887-888, 890, 893, 898-903,971, - Posterior inferior cerebellar - Spiral arteries 71 - Ulnar artery 59, 649, 1406, 1422 1076,1388-1395,1450,1459, artery 64, 384, 533, 1067, - Splanchnic artery 413-414 - Ulnar recurrent artery 59 s. Atherosclerotic vascular 1069-1070,1079,1169,1171, 1244> - Splenic arerty 66, 653-654, - Umbilical artery 59, 70, 71 disease 1299,1325 1683, 1801-1802 - Uterine artery 59, 69, 655 - Accelerated atherosclosis 951 - Posterior intercostals arteries - Subclavian artery 58, 643, - Vaginal artery 69, 655 - Acidotic cell damage 1389 59 647-648, 1077,1117, 1325,1405, - Vertebral artery 58, 64, 426, - Arterial remodeling 1450-1451 - Posterior internal frontal 1422,1587-1589,1811 533,538,648,1067,1078-1079, - Atheriosclerotic plaque 1451 artery 383, 1068 - Subcostal artery 59 1117-1118,1121-1122,1155,1158, - Bacterial superinfection 1390 - Posterior interventricular - Sublingual artery 66 1169-1172,1189-1190,1325-1327, - Blood viscosity 1391-1392 artery 64 - Submental artery 58, 66 1411,1576,1587-1589 - Calcium antagonist 1389 - Posterior parietal artery 1068 - Subscapular artery 59, 648 - Vesical artery 655 - Claudication distance - Posterior radiculomedullary - Superfacial temporal artery 58, - Visceral branches 59 1389-1390 artery 65 66 - Zygomaticoobital artery 58 - Defination 1450 - Posterior spinal artery 1259 - Superficial circumflex iliac Artery morphology 667 - Dehydration 1389 - Posterior superior alveolar artery 6o Artherogenic stasis syndrome - Diabetes mellitus 1450 artery 58 - Superficial epigastric artery 1493,1500 - Etiology 1337 - Posterior tibial artery 6o, 646, 60 Arthralgia 360,363, 939-945,948, - Exercise training 1390 1333,1357, 1409 - Superficial femoral artery 464, 1606,1763 - Fibrinogen reduction 1392 - Posterior tibial recurrent 645,1670 Arthritis 360, 943, 945, 948,954, - Flow velocity 1391 artery 6o - Superficial palmar arch 1333, 958,1435 - Hemodilution 1391 - Posteroinferior hypophyseal 1422 - psoriatic 954 - Hemorrheologic therapy 1391 artery 1178 - Superficial palmar arch 59, Arthus reaction 939 - HMG CoA reductase inhibitor - Posterolateral branch 611, 613, 649 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole 1389 626 Superficial temporal artery imine 190 Hypercholesterolemia 1450 - Posterolateral choroidal artery 1170 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole - Hyperhomocysteinemia 1450 1140 - Superior alveolar artery 66 sulfonyl chloride 190 - Hyperinsulinism 1389 - Posteromedial central arteries - Superior cerebellar artery 64, ASA s. Aspirin - Hyperkeratosis 1390 64,65 384,533,1067,1069-1070,1096, ASAT s. Aspartate aminotrans- - Hypertension 1389, 1395, 1450 - Posteromedial choroidal artery 1191-1193, 1244> 1298 ferase - 1389 1140 - Superior collateral ulnar artery Ascariasis 475 - Intra-arterial therapy 1392 - Precentral artery 383, 1068 59 Ascaris lumbricoides - Local metabolic acidosis - Preputial artery 70 - Superior epigastric artery 58, Asci tis 1633,1697-1698,1707 1390-1391 - Profound cervical artery 65 648 Aspartate aminotransferase 750, - Local prevetion 1389 - Profound femoral artery 60, - Superior gluteal artery 59 973 - Low-dose fibrinolytic agents 1440 - Superior hemorrhoidal artery Aspiration 1088-1089, 1716 1392 - Profound palmar arch 59 1686 - Aspiration pneumonia 1634 - Necrosis 1390 - Profound penile artery 70 - Superior hypophyseal artery - Pulmonary aspiration 1597,1716 - Neuropathy 1390 - Pudendal artery 643, 654, 70, 1180, 1812 Aspirin 752-754, 757-759, 769, - Nonvasculitic arteriosclerosis 1872 - Superior labial artery 58, 66 781-783,801, 8o6, 822-823,834, 358 - Pulmonary artery 656, 1688 - Superior mesenteric artery 59, 841, 844-845> 848,902, 946, - Obestiy 1450 - Pulmonary circulation 56 67, 464, 643-644, 652-654, 1407, 1036, 1090-1092, 1118, 1310, 1313, - Pathogenesis 1450 - Pulmonary trunk 56, 610 1677,1684-1688,1726-1728, 1324, 1348-1349, 1389, 1399, 1403, - Physical therapy 1390 - Pulp arteries 66 1730, 1740,1802, 1805 1453,1773-1774 - Plasma viscosity 1391 SUBJECT INDEX 1885

Platelet inhibotor 1389 - Intimal fibrocellular hyper• ATP 701, 1072 - Acetylcholinergic muscarinic - Primary prevention 1388 trophy 233 ATP s. Adenosine triphosphate receptors 168 - Risk factors 1389,1450 - Intimal hyperplasia 233-234, Atrial arrhythmia 971, 975,1819 - Adrenergic receptors 168 - Secondary prevention 1388 239 Atrial fibrillation 871, 1050-1051, - Chronotropic effect 168 - Self-neglect 1390 - Intimal thickning 233-240 1075> 1086,1352, 1423, 1570, - Noradrenaline 168 - Serotonin antagonist 1389 - Lesion area 234 1819 - Parasympathetic innervation - Shear stress 1450 - Lipid core 327 Atrial natriuretic factor 723, 726, 168 - Smoking 1450 - Lumen cross section 234 1019, 1089, 1824 - Postsynaptic receptors 168 - Strain hypoxic tolerance 1389 - Lumen stenosis 235 Atrial natriuretic peptide 193, - Presynaptic receptors 168 - Symptoms 1451 - Matrix degradation 330 1753,1756,1847-1848 s.ANP - Sympathetic nervous fibers - Systolic blood pressure 1389 - Matrix metalloproteinases Atrial pacing 172 168 - Vascular smooth muscle cells 329-330,335-337 Atrial septal Autonomic nervous system 1450 - Mechanical factors 236 - aneurysm 1093 175-176, 728, 924 - Vasoactive drugs 1392, 1394 - Metabolic factors 236 - defect 1485 - Amygdala 175 Atherosclerotic debris 1583 - Molecular features 330 Atrial septostomy 1629, 1647 - Autonomic components 175 Atherosclerotic disease 1798 - Morphology 327 Atrioventricular block 922, 1698, - Autonomic dysfunction 1001, Atherosclerotic dissection 646 - Mural thrombus 237 1820 1022 Atherosclerotic lesions 319-326, - Neovascularisation 330 Atrophic lesions 93 - Autonomic outflow 176 678,1587 - Outward bulge 234 Atrophie blanche 1501 - Autonomic reflex test 1010 - Albumin 322 - Plaque calcification 237 Atropine 632 - Brain stem 175 - Atheroma 320 - Plaque disruption 330 Auditory evoked potential 1297 - 175 - Balloon Angioplasty 344 - Plaque fibrosis 238 Augmentation index 120, 130-131 - Cerebellum 175 - Biomechanics 340-341 - Plaque modeling 236 Autoimmune glomerulonephritis - Cerebral cortex 175 - Calcium 324-326 - Plaque structure 234 1766-1768 - Cerebrum 175 - Cholesterol 320-326 - Plasmin 330 - Acute renal failure 1766 - Hypothalamus 175-176,178 - Evolution 320 - Ruptur 327-337 - Alport's syndrome 1767 - Involuntary function 175 - Factors 322 - Structure 328 - ANCA 1766 - Motor neurons 175 - Fibrinogen 322 - Thrombosis 328-337 - Anorexia 1766 - Neurotransmitter 176, 991, - Foam cells 320-323 - Triggering 330 - Anticardiolipin antibody 1767 1815,1840 - Hematoma 321, 324 - Urokinase 330 - Antiglomerular basement - Neurovegetative regulation 175 - Hypercholesterinemia 322, 323 - Vulnerability 328 membrane disease 1766 - Parasympathetic ganglia 175 - Immunological processes 327 Atherosclerotic plaque rupture - Anti-GMB antibody 1766 - Parasympathetic innervation - Inflammatory processes 327 159,252,327-337 - Antiphospholipid antibody 177 - Intima 320-326 - Arterial wall mechanics 159 1767 - Parasympathetic neurons 176 - Ischemic heart disease 327 - Restenotic lesion 252 - Antiphospholipid syndrome - Peripheral nervous system 175 - Lesion types 321-326 Atherosclerotic vascular disease 3 1767 - Periventricular zone 176 - Lipid core 323, 327 - Aneurysm s. Aneurysm - Azathioprine 1768 - Preganglionic output 176 - Lipoproteins 322,323 - Atherogenic factors 236 - Chlorambucil 1768 - Reticular formation 175 - Macrophages 320-325 - Atherosclerotic plaque 94, 237 - Clinical syndrome 1766-1767 - Sensory neurons 175 - Matrix metalloproteinases - Collagen 221 - Cyclophosphamide 1767-1768 - Skeletal muscles 175 329-330,335-337 - Complications 81 - Diffus mesagiocapillary - Somatic components 175 - Plaque rupture 327-337 - Doppler ultrasound 393 glomerulonephritis 1767 - Spinal cord 175 - Regression 325-326 - Elastic fibers 221 - Focal segmental glomerulo• - Suprachiasmatic nucleus 176 - Risk factors 322, 499 - Endothelial dysfunction 246 nephritis 1767 - Sympathetic ganglia 175 - Smooth muscle cell 327 - Endothelial NO-Synthase 248 - GFR 1768 - Sympathetic innervation 176 - Surface 320 - Epidemiology 3 - Goodpasture's disease - Visceral functions 175 - Thrombosis 331-337 s. Throm- - Experimental models 169 1766-1768 Autoregressive exogenous 130 bosis - Foam cells s. Foam cells - Hemoptysis 1766 Axon reflex 179 - Thrombotic deposit 324 - Genetic factors 13 - Hypocomplementemia 1767 Azathioprine 941, 945, 949-950, - Thrombotic response 327 - Hemodynamic 148, 236 - Idiopathic membranous 952-954, 1604, 1765,1768 - Thrombus 321 - Incidence 3-6 nephropathy 1767 Azithromycin 902 - Type I lesion 322 - Internal elastic lamina area - Intra-alveolar hemorrhage Azotemia 1757, 1772, 1775, 1851 - Type II lesion 322 234 1766 Azurocidin 940 - Type III lesion 323 - Intimal fibrocellular hyper• - Lung hemorrhage 1766 - Type IV lesion 323 trophy 233 - Lung purpura 1766 B - Type V lesion 324 - Intimal hyperplasia 233-234, - Lupus membranous glomeru- /3-blockers s. Beta-blocker - Type VI lesion 324 239 lonephritis 1767-1768 Back pain 1857 - Type VII lesion 324 - Intimal thickning 233-240 - Lupus nephritis 1766-1767 Back pain syndrome 1557 - Type VIII lesion 324 - Lesion area 234 - Malaise 1766 Bacteremia 1716 - Vulnerability 327-329 - Lumen stenosis 235 - Management 1766-1767 Bacterial Atherosclerotic plaque 94, 237, - Mortality-5 - Methylprednisolone 1767-1768 - arteritis 102 669,679,683,784,888-891,895, - Oscillatory shear index 148 - Microcytic anemia 1766-1767 - endocarditis 104, 357 1317, 1325, 1451 - Pathogenesis 212 - - meninitis 1850 - Aneurysm s. Aneurysm - Pathology 89 1767-1768 - superinfection 1390,1501 - Atherogenic factors 236 - Plaque calcification 237 - Pathogenesis 1766-1767 - vasculitis 1762 - Atheromatous core 327-328 - Plaque modeling 236 - Pathology 1766-1767 Bacteriuria 1861 - Balloon Angioplasty 344 - Plaque structure 234 - Pauci-immune vasculitis 1766 Balloon angioplasty 344, - Biomechanics 340-341 - Prevalence 3-6 - Prognosis 1767 1475-1476 s. PTCA - Cathepsins 330 - Prevention 13 - Proteinuria 1766-1767 Balloon compression 1297 - Cellular features 328 - Risk estimation 6 - Rapidly progressive crescentic Balloon occlusion 1116 - Chlamydia pneumoniae 329, - Risk factors 3-6,11-14,499 glomerulonephritis 1766-1767 - test 583, 1268 336 - Risk stratification 5 - Renal transplantation 1767 Balloon tamponade 1696-1697, - Cholesterol 328 - Stenotic flow field 148 - Renal vein thrombosis 1766 1792 - Collagen 328 - Subclinical vascular disease - Smith antibody 1767 Band ligation 1700, 1703, - Fibrous cap 234-238,328-330 12-13 - Systemic lupus erythematosus 1714-1717,1723 - Helicobacter pylori 329, 336 - Tertiary complications 81 1766 Banff classification 1768 - Hemodynamic factors 236 - Vascular remodeling 232, 246 - Thrombotic Baroreceptive neurons 179 - Inflammation 328 - Wall shear stress 148 1767 Baroreceptor 179 - Internal elastic lamina area - Lesions 319-326 Autolytic processess 538 Baroreflex 181, 729-730, 984 234 Atherothrombosis 393 Autonomic nervous control 168 Barthel index 1081, 1196 1886 SUBJECT INDEX

Bartonella henselae 1708 - Hooke's law 342 - Humoral mechanism 1334 - Noninvasive blood pressure Basal lamina 54 s. Capillaries - Inelastic deformation 343 - Metabolic mechanism 1335 measurement 127 Basic fibroblast growth factor - Isotropy 342-343 - Myogenic mechanism 1335 - Oscillatory pulse pressure 152 198, 219, 251, 279, 1292, 1295 - Material behavior 342-343 - Neural mechanism 1334 - Peripheral pressure 1492 Basilar artery syndrome 1326 - Material properties 341 - Nitric oxide 1334, 1339 - Peripheral venous pressure Bayliss effect 165, 1334 - Material's stiffness 342 - Normal blood flow 1333 1504 s. Myogenic reflex - Modulus of elasticity 342 - Paradoxical vasoconstriction - Perusion pressure 721 - Capillary-tissue microenviron- - Poisson's ratio 342 1334 - Portal pressure 655, 1691, 1696, ment 165 - Simulations 348 - Reactive hyperemia 1333, 1335 1698 - Effector cells 166 - Stain 340-344 - Resistance 165, 1333, 1338 - Portal venous pressure 655 - Sensor cells 166 - Stress 340-350 - Rockefeller effect 1333 - Portosystemic gradient 655 Bayonet clip 1157, 1198 - Stress-stain diagram 341 - Shear stress 1334, 1338 - Postocclusive pressure 1338 Beh.yet's disease 357, 481, 486, 936, - Tension 341 - Skin perfusion 1333 - Preload 133 938,949,1103,1599,1607-1608, - Viscoelasticity 344 - Steal phenomenon 1333 - Pressure amplitude 1338 1701,1708 - Yield point - Thermal mechanism 1335 - Pressure change 146 Benazepril 1032, 1034 - Youngs modulus 342 - Total resistance 1334 - Pressure diameter relations Bentall and De Bono operation Biosynthesis - Transcutaneous oxygen 132 1565 - of collagen 217-220 pressure 1337 - Pressure equalization time 1537 Bentson 1117 - of Elastin 221 - Turbulent flow 1334 - Pressure gradient 643, 651, Benzodiazepine 632, 641 - of Endothelin 194 - Velocity 1392, 1457 1333,1788 Benzoylmethylecgonine 970 - of Endothelium-derived nitric - Viscosity 1334, 1338 - Pressure gradient 643, 651, 1798 Beriberi 1020 oxide 725 Blood pressure 116, 983-984, 988, - - Coronary perfusion pressure Bernard-Soulier syndrome 304 - of Glycosarninoglycans 222-225 1016-1059,1088-1089,1091, gradient 717 Bernoulli equation 141,146-147 - of Hyaluronan 223 1095-1096,1099,1820 Portal venous pressure Beta carotene 801 - of Proteoglycans 223-224 - Ankle pressure 1375 gradient 1697 Beta-1 adrenoreceptors 1753, Bipolar coagulation 1712-1714, - Aorta pressure transfer Renal artery stenosis 1788 1814-1815 1718-1720,1722-1723 functions 130 - - Transmyocardial pressure Beta-2 adrenoreceptors 803, Bipolar electrocoagulation - Aortic pressure wave 120-121 gradient 989 1814-1815 1718-1720 - Arterial dimensions 127 - - Transstenotic pressure Beta-adrenergic receptors Bipolar therapy 1723 - Arterial hemodynamics 130 gradient 171, 1788 803-804,1049,1689 Bisgaard sign 394 - Arterial impedance 117, 121 - Pressure index 130 Beta-blocker 184, 336, 632,729, Bisoprolol 1032, 1034, 1435 - Arterial pressure 117, 133 - Pressure receptors 178 769, 803-804, 901, 934, 990-991, Bitemporal hemianopia 1849 - Arterial pressure diameter - Pressure transfer function 129 1031-1035,1037,1051,1056-1058, Black blood angiography 517 relations 132 - Pressure-area relationship 151 1435,1698,1819-1820 Black blood coronary MRA 520 - Arterial pressure waveform - Pressure-flow curve 1334, 1337 - Nonselective 804, 1690 Bland-White-Garland syndrome 607,159 - Pressure-volume curve 1492 - Selective 804 613-614 - Arterial pressure-area curve - Pulmonary arterial pressure 11-betahydroxyxlase deficiency Bleeding 1313,1381-1382 153-155 1619, 1622, 1637 1831 - Acute abdominal bleeding 652 - Arterial pressure-compliance - Pulmonary capillary wedge Beta-oxidation 571 - Acute gastrointestinal bleeding curve 154-157 pressure 1055, 1628, 1637 Bezold-Jarisch reflex 729-730 1698 - Arterial wall distension 130 - Pulse pressure 84, 116 BFGF s. Basic fibroblast growth - Aneurysm rebleeding 1166 - Autoregressive exogenous 130 - RR-interval 118 factor - Back-bleeding 1665 - Blood pressure comparison - Segmental pressure 1655-1656 Bicuspid aortic valve 41, 89, 1562, - by arteriography 1381-1382 1576 - Suprasystolic pressure 1583 1653 - by oral anticoagulants 1512 - Blood pressure differentials - Systemic arterial load 133 Biglycan 207, 224, 1003, 1831 - Chronic rectal bleeding 1723 1553 - Systemic blood pressure 1338, Biliary cirrhosis - Colonic diverticular bleeding - Capillary blood pressure 163 1375> 1752, 1758-1759, 1841 - Primary biliary cirrhosis 1699 1732 - Cavernous artery systolic - Systemic venous pressure 1629 - Secondary biliary cirrhosis 1704 - Diverticular bleeding 1703 occlusion pressure 1872 - Systolic blood pressure 116, Biochemical metabolic pathways - Esophageal bleeding 656 - Central blood pressure 129 1814,1820 98 - Gastric bleeding 1699 - Central venous pressure 1055, - Systolic pressure 607, 1372, Bioengineering fatigue 81-82 - Gastrointestinal bleeding 754, 1159, 1224, 1707 1389, 1775> 1814 Biological mediators 98 1695, 1695, 1698, 1700, 1707 - Cerebral venous pressure - Systolic pressure difference Biology - Interventricular bleeding 1101, 1088 1405 - of Angiogenesis 273 1165 - Critical closing pressure 1334 - Systolic-diastolic pressure - of Endothelium 190-198 - Lower gastrointestinal bleeding - Critical perfusion pressure difference 116 s. Pulse pressure - of Extracellular matrix 217-226 1722 1334 - Total arterial compliance 125, - of Hemostasis 287-306 - Occult gastrointestinal - Determinants 133 130,133 - of Smooth muscle biology bleeding 1702 - Diastolic pressure 607,116, 179, - Total peripheral resistance 125, 205-212 - Portal hypertensive bleeding 1759,1814,1819 133 - of Vascular remodeling 242-258 1690 - End diastolic volume 133 - Transcapillary pressure 178, - of Vascular system 98 - Postoperative bleeding 866 - End systolic volume 133 1491 Biomechanics 340-341,345-347, - Rate of bleeding 1714 - Flow derived index 130 - Transmural pressure 145, 157, 350 - Retroperitoneal bleeding 631 - Fourier analysis 117 1335,1492 - Atherosclerotic lesions 340 - Variceal bleeding 1498-1499, - Gradient 643-644, 651 - Transstenotic pressure 720 - Atherosclerotic plaque 344 1526-1527 - Hemodynamic indices 127 - Venous filling pressure 133 - Balloon angioplasty 344 Bleomycin-induced fibrosis 1630 - in cardiomyopathy 983-984, - Venous pressure 1334,1502 - Biomechanical characteriaza- Blindness 1180, 1849 988 - Wave propagation 116 tion 344 Blood flow 888, 1333 - Intraarterial pressure 130 - Wave reflection 116, 119,126 - Biomechanical mechanisms 345 - Arterial blood flow 1333 - Intracoronary pressure 666, - Windkessel function 125 - Biomechanical testing 344 - Arteriovenous shunt 1333 788-789 Blood pressure measurements 401 - Compression 341 - Autoreglation 1334 - Intradural sinus pressure 1125 - Ankle-brachial index 392, 401, - Computer models 348 - Blood flow regulation 1333 - Invasive blood pressure 1023, 1435> 1453> 1455> 1457, - Elastic limit 343 - Blood volume flow 1333, 1338 measurement 130 1655-1656, 1663, 1669 - Engineering stain 341 - Coronary blood flow 701 - Maximum venous pressure - Arterial blood pressure - Engineering stress 341 - Endothelial dysfunction differential 1537 recording 6o6 - Fatigue 344 1337-1338 - Mean arterial pressure 1054, - Direct portal pressure - Finite element method 348 - Flow motion 1335 1088, 1224, 1334 measurement 1691 - Fracture toughness 344 - Flow-induced vasodilation 1338 - Mean right atrial pressure 1641 - Hepatic venous pressure - Homogeneity 342-343 - Hemodynamic 1333 - Measure pressure 148 gradient 1691,1695-1696,1698 SUBJECT INDEX

- Portal pressure measurement Brainsteam infarction 1192 - Carotid-carotid artery bypass Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1691 Brainsteam lesion 1288 grafting 1587 730,1848 - Pulse pressure method 125 Brainsteam reflex 1229 - Carotid-subclavian bypass - Amylin 1848 - Segmental pressure measure- Braking radiation 594 1426,1575, 1577> 1579,1582, - Calcitonin 1848 ment 402, 407, 1424, 1435 Branch varicosity 1498 1589-1592 - Calcium stress 1848 - Toe-brachial index 402 Branch-to-trunk area 142 - Complications 1441, 1443 - Lactation 1848 - Venous pressure measurement Breast cancer 475,1540,1543, 1545 - Conduit bypass grafting 1441 - Pregnancy 1848 1537 Bremsstrahlung 594 - Contralateral carotid-carotid Calcium 103,325-326,499-509, - Waveforms 403, 406-408, 410 Bridge stent 1428-1429 artery bypass 1577 667, 670, 691, 723, 791, 868, 900, Blood velocity 79, 86, 131 Bromocriptine 1849 - Coronary artery bypass graft 915-916, 990, 1009,1023, 1050, 63 Bronchial arteriography 637 602, 621, 625, 767, 855-858, 863, 1072, 1363, 1612, 1621, 1819, - of Central nervous system 64 Bronchial artery aneurysms 487 869-872, 879-886,947, 1321 1843-1844 - of Digestive tract 66 - Pulmonary artery aplasia 487 - Cruropedal bypass 1402 - Hypercalcemia, chronic 1843 - of Endocrine glands 70 - Silicosis 487 - Extra-anatomical bypass - Hypercalcemia 1020, 1048, - of Female reproductive organs - Vasculitis 487 1582-1583 1050,1844 69 Bronchial carcinoids 1845 - Extracranial-to-intracranial - Hypocalcemia 1843-1844 - of Fetal system 71 Bronchial carcinoma 1519 bypass 1199 Calcium antagonist 900, 1389 - ofHeart 63 Bronchiectasis 488 - Femoral-axillary artery bypass Calcium channel 915-916 - of 65 Bronchiolitis obliterans-organiz- graft 1582 Calcium channel blocker 730-731, - of Male reproductive organs ing pneumonia 1634 - Femoral-femoral graft 1440 783,805-806,863,880,926, 69 Bronchodilation 1848 - Femora-femoral crossover 928,972,1001, 1031-1037> 1051, - of Placenta 71 Bronchogenic carcinoma 1098 bypass 1669, 1671 1056-1057> 1059,1159,1620, - of Skin 71 Bronchopneumonia 1851 - Femoropopliteal bypass 1443 1642-1644 - of Urinary organs 68 Bronchopulmonary anastomosis - Femorotibial bypass 1443 Calcium phosphate 103 Blood vessel system 1616 - Follow-up 1442 Calcium score 500-509, 791 s. Vascular system, s. Blood Bronchopulmonary sequestration - Gastroduodenal bypass 1801 Calcium stress 1848 vascular system 488,1622 - Greater saphenous vein grafts Caldesmon 206 Blood viscosity 84, 1391-1392 Bronchospasm 804, 1845 1443 Calf-vein thrombosis 1358 Blood-brain barrier 280,583, Browse-Stewart classification - Hepatorenal bypass 1801-1802 Calmodulin 191,725,727,915-916 1382,1698 1539 - Iliaco-femoral bypass 1669 Calyculin A 917 Bloody vomiting 1699 Budd-Chirai syndrome 1515, - Iliac-renal bypass 1671 Cameron-Higgins lesions 1698, Blowout varix 1498 1689,1692,1704-1705 - Iliorenal bypass 1802 1718-1719 Blue finger syndrome 1426 - Cirrhosis 1705 - Infrainguinal bypass graft - Complications 1719 Blue rubber bleb neuve syndrome - Encephalopathy 1704 1438, 1440, 1445 - Endoscopic treatment 1718 1702, 1709, 1736 - Hepatomegaly 1704 - Internal thoracic artery bypass - Gastric perforation 1719 Blue toe syndrome 392 - Orthotopic liver transplant 1423 - Proton-pump inhibitor 1719 B-lymphocyte 354 1705 - Mesorenal bypass cAMP 190, 205,723,728,890,993, B-mode ultrasound 400 s. - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemo- - Miller cuff 1441 1620 Doppler ultrasonography globinuria 1705 - Minimal invasic technique Candidiasis 1844 BNP s. Brain natriuretic peptide - Polycythemia rubra vera 1705 1441 Candy wrapper effect 673 Body mass index 1019,1838 - Protein C deficiency 1705 - PICA-to-PICA bypass Capillaries 53-56 Body temperature 863, 867, 1089, - 1704 - Renal artery occlusive disease - Basal lamina 54 1557 - Therapy 1705 1799 - Diaphragm 54 Bone marrow 65 - Thrombosis 1704 - Retrograde bypass 1743 - Histology 53-56 - Canals of Havers 65 - Transjugular intrahepatic - Saphenous vein bypass 1170, - Innervation 56 - Canals of Volkmann 65 portosystemic shunt 1705 1177 - Interendothelial gaps 54 - Nutrient foramina 65 Buerger's disease 936, 938, 950, - Saphenous vein bypass graft - Intracellular pores 54 - Transplantation 1607, 1629, 1339> 1422 catheterization 621 - Permeability 55 1705,1777 Buflomedil 1392, 1394,1452 - Splenorenal bypass 1801-1802 - Zonulae occludentes 54 Booster clip 1170 Bulk flow 139 - Subclavian-caortid artery Capillaroscopy 1369,1379 Borderline hypertension 570 - Anastomosis 1440 bypass grafting 1575,1585, Capillary s. Hypertension Angiography of bypass 1587 - angiogenesis 271 Borrelia burgdorferi 958, 1544 conduits 621 - Subclavian-subclavian artery - growth 277 Bosentan 1621, 1647 Angioscopic technique 1441 bypass 1577 - microaneurysm 1009 Batter retrieval basket 1481 - Antegrade aorta-visceral - Superficial temporal artery• - plexus 243 Boundary layer flow 702 bypass 1742-1743 middle cerebral artery bypass - refill 1373-1374 Bowel - Aortobifemoral bypass 607, 1094 - refill time 1669 - Ischemic bowel 1671, 1746 1669 - Taylor patch 1441 - teleangiectasia 1103-1105, 1265, - disease 954 - Aortofemoral graft 1440, 1802 - Technique 1439 1282-1283 - necrosis 1729,1744-1745 Aortoiliac graft 1802 Valvulotomy 1441 Captopril 971, 992, 1032, 1034, - perforation 1708 - Aortoinnominate artery bypass - Vein bypass 90, 197,757,38, 1088, 1349, 1758, 1773 - stricture 1708 graft 1581 1441 Caput medusae 1687, 1707 Brachydactyly 1020,1539 - Aortorenal bypass 1042, 1799 - Visceral bypass 1743 Carbamazepine 1224, 1297, 1300 Brachytherapy 673, 833, 1729 - Arterial bypass graft 90 Carbimazole 1820 - Reflex 1368 - Arteriovenous bypass 1570 c Carbohydrate intolerance 996 - Sinus bradycardia 1820 - Ascending aortic bypass 1426 11C-acetat 556, 571 Carbohydrates 794-796,803, 8o6 Bradykinin 169, 191, 193-194, 196, - Ascending aorta-left subcla- "C-methionine 579 Carbon 11 579 691,693,695,722-728,888,89h vian artery grafting 1579,1581 11C-palmitate 556, 571 Carbon dioxide 639, 580 899, 913, 924, 992-993, 1334, - Atria-femoral bypass 1570 Cadherin-5 s. VE-Cadherin Carbon disulfide 1414 1844 - Autologous vein 1442-1443 Caffeine 974, 1022, 1037 Carbon monoxide 781, 1436, 1689, Brain death 580, 584 - Axillary-femoral graft 1440, Calcific 1770 Brain edema 544, 1091 1669 - depositis 103 Carboxyhemoglobin 1364,1437 Brain metastasis 1098 - Axillary-to-axillary bypass - disorders 103 Carcinoid 1823 Brain natriuretic peptide 193, 1426, 1577,1582 - granules 104,107 Carcinoid heart disease 1846 1847 - Bifemoral crossover graft 1678 - plaques 103 Carcinoid metastasis 1734 Brain tumor 1098, 1512 - Branch occlusion 1441 Calcification 103-105 Carcinoid syndrome 1020, 1844 Brain-blood partition coefficient - Bypass grafting 1669 - dystrophic 103 - 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid 581 Bypass procedures 1669 - metastatic 104 1845 Brainsteam compression - 855, Calcinosis 1627, 1702 - ACTH 1844 1128-1229 859, 862, 868, 879-880, 883,1197 Calcitonin 1844, 1848 - ADUS system 1844 1888 SUBJECT INDEX

Carcinoid syndrome - Hypertrophied interventricular - Devices 1307 - Catheter fragments 1484 - Bradykinin 1844 septum 172 - Diagnostic 1317 - Catheter kinking 6o6 - Bronchial carcinoids 1845 - Idiopathic dilated cardio• - Embolization 1303, 1311, 1323 - Catheter loops 1484 - Bronchospasm 1845 myopathy 570 - Epidemiology 1316 - Catheter tip 619-622, 640 - Calcitonin 1844 - Implantable cardioverter• - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1303 - Catheterization technique 640 - Carcinoid heart disease 1846 defibrillator 985 - Follow-up 1314 - Celiac catheters 640, 651 - Carcinoid tumor 1844-1845 - Intramural coronary artery - Indication 1303 - Coaxial catheter 1357, 1796 - Chemotherapy 1846 981-982 - MRA 1319 - Coaxial microcatheter 652 - Cyanosis 1845 - Intramyocardial arteries 991, - Pathogenesis 1317 - Coaxial technique 1309 - Dexfenfluramine 1845 993-994 - Plaque morphology 1319 - Cobra catheter 1728, 1795 - Diarrhea 1845 - Ischemic cardiomyopathy 858, - Radiation arteritis 1305 - Coil compaction 1172 - Diffue neuroendocrine system 881 - Reperfusions syndrome 1310, - Coil migration 1172, 1202 1844 - Ischemic DCM 987-990,992 1313 - Complication 629-632 - Dopamine 1844 - Left ventricular hypertrophy - Risk factors 1316 - Contrast injection technique - Facial flushing 1845 980-984 - Stenting 1303, 1307, 1324 626 - Fenfluramine 1845 - Myocardial ischemia 982-985 - Symptoms 1320-1321 - Coronary artery application - Gastrin 1844 - Myocardial oxygen 987-989 - Takayasu's disease 1305 602-632 - Glucagon 1844 - Myocardium 980-981 - Tandem lesion 1323 - Coronary snare 1483 - Histamine 1844 - Nonischemic DCM 987-990, - Thromboembolic material - Curve-shaped catheter 1728 - Hypotension 1845 992 1308 - Cutting balloon 1729 - Inferferon alpha 1846 - Obstructive hypertrophic - Thrombus 1306, 1308, 1323 - Detachable silicone balloon - Insulin 1844 cardiomyopathy 570 Carotid bifurcation 143, 410 1128, 1133-1134> 1200, 1202 - Motilin 1844 - Risk stratification 983 - Duplex ultrasonography 410 - Double-sheath technique 1476 - Neuroendocrine carcinoma - Small vessel disease 981, 985 - Hemodynamic 143 - Dual catheter techique 1158 1846 - Syncope 984-985 - Lesion 1575 - Embolectomy catheter 1397, - Neurotensin 1844 - Systolic dysfunction 987, 991 Carotid chemoreflex 729-730 1589 - Pancreatic polypeptide 1844 - Tachycardia 988 Carotid trigone 57 - End-hole aspiration catheter - Parathyroid hormone 1844 - Transmyocardial pressure Carotodynia 1576 1476 - Phentermine 1845 gradient 989 Carvedilol 804, 901 - End-hole microcatheter 1124 - Prostaglandins 1844 - Upright tilt-table testing 985 Caspases 98 - Fastealth catheter 1116 - Radiolabeled somatostatin 1846 - Vascular resistance 990 CAT s. Cationic amino acid - Femoral artery access 6o8 - Serotonin 1844-1845 - Ventricular remodeling 990, transporters - Flow-directed catheter 1116, - Serotoninergic receptor 1845 992 Catecholamine deficiency 1842 1136 - Somatostatin 1845 855, 858, 863, 866, - Alpha-fludrocortisone 1842 - Fluoroscopic visualization - Somatostatin analoga 1846 868,880 - Domperidone 1842 1124 - Substance P 1844-1845 - Blood 863, 866, 868 - Guillian-Barre syndrome 1842 - Fogarty catheter 1355-1356, - Therapy 1846 - Cold crystalloid 863, 868-869 - Hypoglycemia 1842 1533> 1746 - Treatment 1846 Cardiopulmonary bypass 855, - Metoclopramide 1842 - Gastroepiploic artery catheter- Carcinoid tumor 1844-1845 859, 862, 868, 879-880,883, 1197 - Neuroglycopenia 1842 ization 623 Carcinomatous desmoplasie 209 Cardiovagal neurons 179 - 1842 - Grollmann catheter 656 Cardiac Cardiovascular baroreceptors - Parasympethetic nervous - Griintzig catheter 820, 1396 - arrest 862 1055 system 1842 - Guglielmi detachable coil - decompensation 1089 Cardiovascular conditioning 607 - Shy-Drager syndrome 1842 1142-1148,1158,1172,1200,1202, - disease 1628 - Sympathetic nervous system 1204,1243 - emboli 1086 s. Coronary vascular disease 1842 - Hook-shaped catheter 1484 - failure 1842 Cardioversion 1088 - Valvalva maneuver 1842 - Hydrodynamic catheter 1476 - frequency 117 Cardizem 8os-8o6 Catecholamines 888,1047-1048, - Internal mammary artery - index 1637, 1698 Caroticocavernous fistula 1115, 1753, 1813, 1840 catheterization 622 - muscle cell disorganisation 980 1128,1133,1174, 1177> 1249> 1251 - Chromaffin tissue 1814 - Intimal dissection 1119-1120 - nerves 729 - Complications 1133 - Diastolic blood pressure 1814 - Intra-arterial thrombolysis - output 239, 516, 862, 869-870, - Evaluation 1133 - Dopamine 177, 181, 86o, 925, 1659 988,1016, 1045> 1055> 1088, 1392, - Follow-up 1133 1047-1048,1224,1752-1753, - Judkins catheter 6os, 607-608, 1629,1641, 1619, 1692, 1696, 1698, - Hemorrhage 1133 1806,1813-1814, 1844 619 1819-1820,1824,1847 - Parenchymal edema 1133 - Epinephrine 304, 566, 610, - Judkins technique 602, 619 - stroke volume 178 - Procedure 1133 1047-1048, 1334> 1714,1718,1723, - Kissing balloon technique - tamponade 1562 Carotid arteriography 637, 649 1813-1815,1840 830-831, 1659 Cardiogenic shock 382, 695, Carotid artery disease 1302-1327 - Norepinephrine 728, 925, - Lateral projection 625 767-768,869-870,1842 - Angioplasty 1303 990-991,1019,1047-1048, 1054> - Latex balloon 1158, 1202 Cardiolipin 1077 - Asymptomatic 1320 1224, 1334> 1690, 1693, 1756, - Left anterior oblique projection Cardiolipin antibody 1520 - Carotid artery disscetion 423, 1813-1815,1840 619-626 s. Anticardiolipin antibody 426,1305 - Systolic blood pressure 1814 - Loop catheters 1482 Cardiomegaly 1096,1823 - Carotid artery occlusion 425 Catestatin 1848 - Low-profll balloon catheter Cardiomyopathy 570, 603, 736, - Carotid artery shunting 1304 Cathepsin G 940, 1599 1118 748, 945> 972,980-985, 987-993, - 422, Cathepsins 330 - Meticulous technique 1117 1085-1086 859, 1075, 1302-1304, 1313-1314, Catheter 605-609, 619-625 - Microballoons 1158 - Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 1320-1323 - Acolysis 1355 - Microcatheter 1116,1118,1124, 974-975 - Carotid 1023 - Amplatz 1355 1126,1129, 1131, 1136, 1144> 1178 - Arrhythmias 980, 985 - Carotid dissection 1305 - Amplatz catheters 6os, 607 - Multipurpose catheter 6o6, - Asymmetric hypertrophy 980 - 584, - Amplatz clot buster device 1476 - Blood pressure 983-984, 988 649, 859-860, 1093, 1302-1304, 1475,1477 - Multipurpose technique 620 - Cardiac muscle cell disorgani- 1312,1316,1321-1323 - Amplatz technique 620 - NH -2 Vitek catheter 1325 sation 980 - Carotid fistula 1133 - Amplatz-type catheters 1484 - Open -end catheter 1355, 1396 - Contractile dysfunction 570 - Carotid rupture 1133 - Angiojet catheter 1476 - Over-the-wire catheter 1116, - Diastolic dysfunction 982 - Carotid sinus hypersensitivity - Angioplasty balloon 1788 1136,1309 - Dilated cardiomyopathy 172, 179,181 - Anteroposterior projection - Over-the-wire Fogarty balloon 958,987-993,1842 - 625 1477 - Heart failure 987-994 1317-1318 - Atherotomy catheter 1397 - Penetration 1136, 1138 - Hibernating myocardium 989 - Complication 1303, 1313-1314, - Balloon occlusion 1116 - Percutaneous coronary angio- - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1323,1325 - Batter retrieval basket 1481 plasty 602 172, 6os, 612, 980-985, 1842 - CTA 1319 - Brachial artery access 6o8 - Perforation 1119, 1138 SUBJECT INDEX

- Pigtail catheter 1117, 1664 - Spinal intramedullary caver- - Contralateral craniotomy 1179 - Leptospiral arteritis 1292 - Platinum microcoils 1128, noma 1263,1284-1285,1289 - Contralateral hemiparesis 1191 - Longitudinal myelopathy 1289 1136-1137,1142,1158 - Symptoms 1284 - Cord edema 1259 - Lumbar puncture 1218 - Poststenotic dilatation 1119 - 1265, 1276, 1282-1290 - Cranial nerve dysfunction syn- - Mass effect 1218, 1223, 1276, - Principles 662 Cavernosometry 1870-1871 dromes 1297-1298 1283-1284, 1286 - Pull catheters 640, 651 Cavernous angioma s. Cavernoma - Cranial nerve palsy 1133, 1139, - Median myelopathy 1289 - Pull-back device 1397 Cavernous dural arteriovenous 1165 - Medulla oblongata syndrome - Puncture site 639 fistula 1130, 1133 - Cranial nerve symptoms 1181 1189 - Push catheters 640, 651 Cavernous hemangiomas - Craniectomy 1299 - Medullary perfusion 1256 - Radial artery access 609 1103-1105 s. Cavernoma - Craniotomy 1299 - Meningism 1100, 1166, 1300 - Radiographic contrast agents Cavernous sinus cavernoma 1282 - Dementia 385, 580, 1080, 1083, - Meningitis 945, 958-959, 1103, 609 CD106 938 1096, 1101, 1166, 1191 1174 - Redha-cut catheter 1397 CD 11a/CD,s 938 - Demyelination 1256 - Microvascular decompression - Remodeling technique 1158 CD3, 276,355,938 - Depression 1082 1297, 1299-1301 - Residual stenosis 1118 CD34 276,356, 938 - Diplopia 1077, 1081, 1177, 1181, - Miosis 1084, 1223 - Re-stenosis 1659 CD 4+ 940 1189, 1192, 1246,1326, 1576 - Mitochondrial encephalopathy - Right anterior oblique projec- CD44 279 - Disabling positional vertigo 1292 tion 619-626 CD54 938 1300 - Moyamoya disease 540, 1085, - Road-mapping technique 1728 CDs+ 940 - Dizziness 941, 1079, 1081-1082, 1087,1267,1292-1295 - Rotablator 1355 Celiac catheters 640, 651 1223, 1284, 1423, 1699 - Multiple sclerosis 1142, 1851 - Saphenous vein bypass graft Celiac trunk aneurysms 1708 - Down's syndrome 1292 - Neck pain 1256 catheterization 621 Celiprolol 901 - Dural fistula 1128, 1130-1133, - Neck stiffness 1166 - Schoonmaker-King technique Cell saver 862 1236 - Necrotizing myelopathy 1263 620 Cell-mediated vasculitis 1762 - Dysarthria 1189 - Necrotizing subacute myelitis - Seldinger catheter 1656 Cell-saving device 1679 - Dysphasia 1187, 1222 1253 - Seldinger technique 640, 1115 Cellular debris 95, 102 - Edendymomas 1263 - Neurofibromatosis 651, 1292, - Selective catheterisation 640 Cellulitis 1540 - Electroencephalography 1218 1414 - SET catheter 1476 Cellulose acetate polymer 1202 - Electromyography 1297 - Neurogenic hypertension 1300 - Shepherd-crook catheter 651 CEMRA s. Contrast-enhanced - Embolism 1073-1074 - Neurotomy 1299 Side-hole catheter 1355 magntic resonance angiogra• Embolization 1268-1272, Neurotoxic cascade 1072 - Side-winder catheter 1484, phy 1276-1277 - Neurotransmitter 176, 991, 1795 Central diabetes insipidus 1853 - Epilepsy 1103, 1187, 1200, 1267, 1815,1840 - Silicone balloon 1158 Central flow obstruction 1492 1277, 1284, 1286 - Neurovascular anatomy - Simmons catheter 1117 Central nervous system 175, - External ventircular drainage 1067-1070 - Simmons sidewinder 641, 654 1065-1149,1115-1149,1814 1228-1229 - Neurovascular pathobiology - Simpsom catheter 1397 - Amaurosis 1177 - Facial nerve palsy 1190, 1223 1071 - Simpson atheroectomy Amnestic defect 1191 - Facial paresis 1177 - Neurovascular pathophysiology catheter 1474 Amnestic syndrome 1185 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1172 1073 - Single-sheath approach 1476 Anosmia 1184 - Focal neurological deficits 544, - Nystagmus 1079, 1084, 1102, - Snare catheters 1482 Aseptic meningism 1300 870,1056, 1084, 1095, 1100, 1119, 1191 - Sones technique 621 Asterocytoma 1263 1125, 1135, 1166, 1222, 1249, - Oculomotor nerve palsy 1188 - Sos-omni catheters 640, 651, Ataxia 1166, 1223 1285-1286 - Oligodendroglioma 1263 1788 Auditory evoked potential - Gaze palsy 1222-1223 - Open craniotomy 1226-1227, - Stainless steel coil 1128 1297 - Glasgow Coma Scale 1230 - Straight catheter 1428 Barthel index 1196 1099-1100,1162,1166-1167 - Ophthalmoplegia 1079,1083, - Swan-Ganz catheter 1484, 1691, Bitemporal hemianopia 1184, - Glasgow outcome 1147, 1162, 1102,1130, 1177-1178,1191, 1602, 1746 1191 1166-1167 1849 - 607 Blindness 1180 - Glaukoma 1130 - Papilledema 1021, 1052, 1130, - Vessel rupture 1119-1120 Brain herniation 1139 - Glioblastoma multiform 1098 1249, 1251,1517, 1774 - Visceral catheter 623 Brain metastasis 1098 - Glossopharyngeal neuralgia - Paralysis 1223, 1259, 1352 - Vollmar loop stripper 1356 Brain stem 175 1300 - Paraparesis 1263, 1570 Cathode 594, 596 Brain tumor 1098 - 1125, 1127, 1135, 1165, - Paraplegia 1285, 1557 Cationic amino acid transporters Brainsteam compression 1169,1223,1246, 1249,1284-1285 - Parasympathetic innervation 192 1128-1229 - Hemianopia 1222 177 Cationic tracers 555 Brainsteam infarction 1192 - Hemifacial spasm 1298-1300 - Perifocal edema 1283, 1288 s. Radiotracers Brainsteam lesion 1288 - Hemiparesis 1177, 1180, 1288, - Perimedullary drainage 1250 - 'Oln+ 555-563 Brainsteam reflex 1229 1293 - Periorbital edema 1246 - 99mTc 556-563 Capillary teleangiectasias - Hipple-Lindau disease 1263 - Photophobia 1166 - Potassium-43 555 1103-1105 - Hunt and Hess classification - Pituitary gland dysfunction - Rubidium-82 555-558 Carbamazepine 1297 1100, 1147, 1162, 1166-1167, 1193, 1285 1357, Carotid artery disease 1195-1197 - Polymyositis 1172 1366,1413 1302-1327 - Hydrocephalus 580, 1099-1101, - Porgressive hemiparesis 1187 Cavenous sinus thrombosis 1850 Cavernous hemangiomas 1139-1140, 1165-1166,1169,1184, - Progressive myelopathy 1130, Cavernoma 1103-1105 1191, 1228-1230, 1293 1141 - Cavernous sinus cavernoma Cerebellum 175 - Hypertensive hemorrhage - Progressive paralysis 1253 1282 Cerebral amyloid 1095-1096,1217 - Prolonged reversible ischemic - Cerebral cavernoma 1282, 1096-1098, 1217 - Hypoperfusion 1073-1074 neurological deficit 383, 630, 1285-1286 Cerebral atrophy 1293 - Intracerebral hemorrhage 761, 1165 - Definition 1282 Cerebral blood flow 1293 973,1095-1099,1183,1217-1232, - Proptosis 1102, 1130, 1602, 1608, - Diagnostic 1283 Cerebral edema 1138, 1223 1265-1267,1277, 1293 1849 - Epidermiology 1282 Cerebral venous thrombosis - Intracerebral pressure 1277 - Protrusio bulbi 1246 - Etiology 1282 1102-1103,1494,1517 - Intracranial hypertension 1101, - Ptosis 1181, 1223, 1849 - Focal neurological deficits - Cerebrospinal fluid 1267, 1286 1130, 1249, 1251 - Radiation edema 1289 1285-1286 - Cerebrum 175 - Intracranial pressure 542, - Rankin score 1196 - Hemorrhage 1285, 1288 - Chemosis 1130, 1246 1020, 1056,1088, 1091,1101, 1135, - Retro-orbital pain 1285 - Management 1285 - Chiari malformation 1264 1139,1159,1164, 1166, 1203, - Rosenthal fibers 1282 - Radiosurgery 1288-1290 - Chronic myelopathy 1285, 1289 1223-1224,1227,1249,1251 - Seizure 973, 1047, 1058, 1083, - Radiotherapy 1288,1290 - Coma 1223 - Ischemic brain injury 1072 1087, 1090,1102,1135, 1191, 1223, - Seizure 1284, 1289-1290 - Congestive myelopathy 1259 - Ischemic stroke 582-583, 579, 1249,1265,1267-1268, 1284, - Spinal cavernoma 1282 - Consciousness 1166 583,1021,1075,1119-1120,1139 1289-1290, 1293, 1773 SUBJECT INDEX

Central nervous system - Positron emission tomography - Xenon-133-washout method - Classification 383 - Sensory loss 1259 577-580,583 577,584 - Cranial dural arteriovenous - Sickle cell disease 473, 540, - Radiotracer 578 - Xenon-enhanced computed fistula 1141 1084-1085,1102,1292,1627 - Single photon emission com- tomography 577-578,580-582 - Depression 1082 - Sleep disorders 1082 puted tomography 577-579, Cerebral protection 1564 - Diagnostic 1116 - Spinal cord 175 583-595 - device 1583 - Dissecting aneurysms 1172-1173 - Stereotactic aspiration 1099, - Xenon-133-washout method Cerebral vasospasm 582-583, 726 - Dissection 1116-1117, 1119 1228,1230 577,584 - Endothelin 726 - Dural fistula 1128, 1130-1133, - Stroke 4, 629, 642, 861, 871, - Xenon-enhanced computed Cerebral venous thrombosis 1236 999,1001, 1011, 1024, 1027,1036, tomography 577-578,s8o-s82 1102-1103,1494,1517 - Embolism 1073-1074 1043,1048,1056,1069,1071-1073, Cerebral - Amnesia 1517 - Embolization 1117,1119, 1122, 1165, 1171, 1178, 1222, 1293, 1316, - cavernoma 1282, 1285-1286 - Aphasia 1517 1127-1133,1135-1142,1148 1321, 1323-1325, 1830, 1840 - edema 1056, 1089, 1223, 1313, - Dental abscess 1517 - Epistaxis 1127,1129-1130,1174 - Stroke syndrome 1217-1218 1732 - Diagnosis 1517 - Ethiology 386 - Subarachnoid hemorrhage - embolism 1168 - Etiology 1103 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1116 427, 534, 538, 580, 582-584, 973> - embolization 1583 - Head injury 1517 - Follow-up 1119 1084-1085,1100-1102,1056, - hamartomas 1283 - Headache 1517 - Glasgow Coma Scale 1094,1141-1143,1147-1148,1156, - hemorrhage 97, 1021, 1276,1311, - Hemianopia 1517 1099-1100 1158-1159,1162,1165-1168, 1313, 1354, 1514, 1842 - Hemiplegia 1517 - Glioblastoma multiform 1098 1175-1177,1183-1186,1193-1196, - hypertension 1313 - Low-molecular-weight heparin - Glomerular arteriovenous 1203,1218,1257, 1295,1407,1850 - hypoperfusion 179 1517 malformation 1257 - Suboccipital crantiotomy 1228 - hypothermia 1089 - Lumbar-peritoneal shunting - Hemangioma 1115 - Sympathetic innervation 176 - infarction 1075 1103 - Hemifacial spasm 1298-1300 - Syringomyelia 1263 Cerebral ischemia 383 - Management 1103 - Hemorrhage 382 - Tetraplegia 1263 - 383 - Oral contraceptive 1517 - Hunt and Hess classification - Tinnitus 949, 1131,1134, 1189, - Anterior cerebral artery 384 - Otitis media 1517 1100 1250,1300 - Ataxic hemiparesis syndrome - Papilledema 1517 - Hypertensive hemorrhage - Transient ischemic attack 383, 384 - Pregnancy 1517 1095-1096 579, 630, 649, 973> 1021, 1027, 1075, - Complete stroke 383 - Puerperium 1517 - Hypoperfusion 1073-1074 1165, 1313, 1321, 1324, 1326, 1423 - Corresponding syndromes 386 - rtPA 1517 - Indication 1117 - Transtentorial herniation 1218 - Disseminating syndromes 386 - Sinusitis 1517 - Intimal hyperplasia 1116 - Trepanation 1224 - Foramen ovale 386 - Subacute encephalopathy 1517 - Intracerebral hemorrhage 761, - Trigeminal neuralgia 1190, - Hemiataxia 384 - Superior sinus thrombosis 973, 1095-1099> 1183,1217-1232, 1297,1299-1300 - Hemichorea 384 1517 1265-1267,1277,1293 - Trigger zones 1297 - Hemidystonia 384 - Symptoms 1102, 1517 - Intracranial venous thrombosis - Tuberculous meningitis 1292 - Infarct ethiologies 386 - Therapy 1517 1125 - Unilateral frontotemporal - Isolated hemiparesis 384 - Thrombophilia 1517 - Ischemic brain injury 1072 craniotomy 1179 Lacunar infarct syndromes 384 Tonsillitis 1517 Ischemic infarction 382 - Upward herniation 1228 - Lipid-hyalin deposits 384 - Unfractionated heparin 1517 - Ischemic stroke 582-583, 579, - - Localization of Symptoms 383 - Urokinase 1517 583, 1021, 1075, 1119-1120, 1139 1103-1105 - Major stroke 383 - Ventricular compression 1517 - Juvenile arteriovenous - Venous angioma 1103, 1105 - Malignant middle cerebral ar- Cerebrobasliar insufficiency 582 malformation 1257 - Ventricular dilatation 1166 tery infarct 384 Cerebrospinal fluid 1267, 1286 - Localization of Symptoms 383 - Ventricular drainage 1293 - Microangiopathic infarcts 384 Cerebrospinal rhinorrhea 1849 - Medullary arteriovenous - Ventricular shunting 1277 - Middle cerebral artery 383 Cerebrovascular accidents 630 malformation 1257 - Ventriculography 1218 - Minor stroke 383 Cerebrovascular disease 382, - Moyamoya disease 540, 1085, - Ventriculotomy 1203, 1228 - Motor neglect syndrome 384 579-584, 650,781, 995, 1016, 1087,1267,1292-1295 - Vertebrobasilar artery disease - Motor patterns 384 1021,1065-1149,1455 - Neurotoxic cascade 1072 1325-1327 - Neuological deficits 383 - Acute occlusive cerebrovas• - Neurovascular pathobiology - Vertigo 1189 - Paradoxical cardiac embolism cular disease 580, 582 1071 - Visual deficit 1180, 1285 386 - Acute stroke 382 - Neurovascular pathophysiology - Visual field defect 384, 1180 - Posterior cerebral artery 384 - Aneurysm 1121,1127-1128, 1073 - Visual field loss 1179 - Progressive stroke 383 1142-1148,1154-1206 - Percutaneous intervention 1115 - Visual loss 1130, 1177 - Psychotic hallucinatory - Angioplasty 1115-1116,1120 - Perimedullary arteriovenous - Weber's syndrome 1191 episodes 384 - Arteriovenous malformation fistula 1259-1261 Centripetal drainage 1491 - Reversible ischemic neurologi- 1115, 1117, 1127,1130,1134-1138, - Poststenotic dilatation 1119 Cerebellar hematoma 1223, 1228 cal deficits 383 1156 - Postsubarachnoid hemorrhage Cerebral amyloid angiopathy - rtPA 386 - Basilar artery stenosis 1120 vasospam 1121-1122,1156 1096-1098,1217 - Sensor deficits 384 - Brain metastasis 1098 - Radiation-induced fibrosis 1116 - Alzheimer's disease 1097-1098 - Sensorimotor hemisydromes - Brain tumor 1098 - Restenosis 1116 - Down syndrome 1098 383 - Capillary teleangiectasias - Sickle cell disease 473,540, - Genetics 1097 - Stritolenticular infarct 384 1103-1105 1084-1085,1102, 1292, 1627 - Intraparenchymal hemorrhage - Subcortical vascular - Caroticocavernous fistula 1115, - Sleep disorders 1082 1096 encephalopathy 385 1128, 1133, 1174, 1177, 1249> 1251 - Spinal cord arteriovenous - Petechial hemorrhages - Synergistic syndromes 385 - Carotid artery disease malformation 1141 1096-1097 - Therapy 386 1302-1327 - Spinal dural arteriovenous - Rapidly progressive dementia - Transient ischemic attacks 383 - Cavernoma 1265, 1276, fistula 1141, 1253-1257 1096 - Vascular dementia 385 1282-1290 - Stent 1116, 1120 Cerebral aneurysms 534 - Visual-field defects 384 - Cavernous dural arteriovenous - Stroke 4, 629, 642, 861, 871, 999, Cerebral angiography 1218, Cerebral perfusion 577 fistula 1130, 1133 1001, 1011, 1024, 1027, 1036, 1043, 1317-1318 - Indirect nonivasive techniques - Cavernous hemangiomas 89, 1048, 1056, 1069, 1071-1073, 1165, Cerebral arteriovenous malfor• 577 1103-1105,1253 1171, 1178, 1222, 1293, 1316, 1321, mations 582 - Near infrared spectroscopy - Central nervous system 175, 1323-1325, 1830, 1840 Cerebral atrophy 1293 577-578 1065-1149,1115-1149,1814 - Subarachnoid hemorrhage Cerebral blood flow 577, - Positron emission tomography - Cerebral amyloid angiopathy 427, 534, 538, 580, 582-584, 973, 1071-1072,1088,1101,1293 577-580,583 1096-1098, 1217 1084-1085, 1100-1102, 1056, - Indirect nonivasive techniques - Radiotracer 578 - Cerebral venous thrombosis 1094, 1141-1143, 1147-1148, 1156, 577 - Single photon emission com- 1102-1103 1158-1159,1162,1165-1168, - Near infrared spectroscopy puted tomography 577-578, - Chronic cerebrovascular 1175-1177,1183-1186,1193-1196, 577-578 583-585 disease 579 1203, 1218, 1257, 1295, 1407, 1850 SUBJECT INDEX

Takayasu's arteritis 1117 - embolization 1760, 1763 - Food 780, 793 - Cubital artery 1406 Technique 1117 - flu 799 - HDL 780-781, 784, 793-801 - Cystic adventitial degeneration - Thromboembolism 1116, 1119, Cholestyramin 799 - Homocysteine 780, 8o8 1413 114S, 1164-116S, 1169, 1178 Cholinergic receptors 1689 - Intracoronary doppler 788 - Diabetic foot 1400-1402 - Thrombolysis 382, 111S Chondrocalcinosis 1oso - Intracoronary pressure - Diagnostic review 1386 - Thrombolytic therapy 1122 Chondroitin-sulphate 207, 788-789 - Diagnostic studies 1364 - Transient ischemic attack 383, 222-224 - 788, - Differential diagnosis 1366 S79, 630, 649, 973, 1021, 1027, Choriocarcinoma 47S, 1098, 11S6 792 - Endogenous oxalosis 1414 1o7s, 116s, 1313, 1321, 1324 1326, Chorioretinal dysplasia 1S39 - LDL 780-781,794-801 - Endovascular therapy 1442 1423 Christmas factor 292 - Lipids 780, 803 - Ergotism 1413 - Trigeminal neuralgia 1190, Chromaffin tissue 1814 - Microcirculation 782-78s - Etiology 1363-1364, 1434 1297, 1299-1300 Chromaffin tumors 1020 - Myocardial infarction 780, - Evaluation 1434 - Vascular malformation Chromium 833 784,792 - Femoropopliteal occlusion 1103-110S Chromium-s1-labeled-edetic-acid - Myocardial perfusion 790 1408 - Vasculitis m6 clearance 17S9 - Nitrates 804-Sos - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1413 - Vasospasm 111S-1116, 1121-1122 Chronic arsenic poisoning 1414 - Nitric oxide 782-783,789, 8os - Gangrene 1365-1366, - Vein of Galen malformations Chronic arterial ischemic - Pathophysiology 783 1433-143S, 1438 1139, 126S, 1282 syndromes 393 - Percutaneous transluminal - Gastrointestinal perfusion - Venous angioma 1103, 110S - Abdominal angina 393 coronary angioplasty 786-789 disorders 1407 - Vertebrobasilar artery disease - Abdominal aorta aneurysms - Pevalence 780 - Hemoblastoses 1413 132S-1327 393 - Pharmacological test 783 - Hypersensitivity vasculitis 1412 Cerebrovascular ultrasound - Adson's test 394 - Plaque rupture 780,784-788, - Iatrogenic occlusion 1413 s. Doppler ultrasonography - Allen's test 393 791,808 - Immunopathies 1388 Cervical spine syndrome 140S - Atherosclerotic disease 393 - Positron emission tomography - Monckeberg's sclerosis 1364 Cervical syndrome 13S7 - Atherothrombosis 393 789-792 - Neurofibromatosis 1414 Cesium iodide S96 - Autonomic polyneuropathy - Prostacyclin 783, 8os - Neurovascular compression cGMP 166,192, 2os, 691,730, sos, 393 - Remodeling 78S syndrome 140S 989, 1620, 17SS - Chronic arterial peripheral - Revascularization 8o6-8o8 - Nonoperative therapy 1436 cGMP kinase I 737 syndromes 393 - Risk factors 783, 792, 799 - Operative therapy 1438 Chapel Hill classification - Chronic arterial visceral - Single photon emission com- - Osterohypertrophy 1414 360-361, 1761,1763 syndromes 393 puter tomography 790-791 - Outcome 1444-1446 Char syndrome 44 - Diabetic arteriopathy 393 - Smoking 781, 793 - Palmar arch 1406 Characteristic Impedance - Fontaine classification 393 - Stress 781, 801-802 - Paresthesia 1434 118-212, 130-131 - Macroangiopathy 393 - Treatment 792 - Pathogenesis 1363 Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms - Microangiopathy 393 - Triglycerides 780-781, 793-Soo - Pedal edema 1435 1024 - Ratschow test 393 - VLDL 780,793,799-801 - Percutaneous tranluminal Chemosis 1102, 1130, 1246 - Rutherford classification 393 - Weight 781 angioplasty 1395-1399 Chemotactic factors 939 - Ulcerations 393 - Women 78S - Peripheral occlusion 1409 Chemotaxis 166 Chronic arterial obstruction 1338 Chronic fascial compression - Polymylagia rheumatica 1411 Cherry-red spots 1684 - Collateralization 1338 syndrome 1soo, 1S02, 1S04 - Prevalence 1433 926 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1338 - Dermato-lipo-fasciosclerosis - Primary prevention 1388 Chest radiography 1634 - Intermittent claudication 1338 1S04 - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum - Aspiration pneumonia 1634 - Neovascularization 1338 - Hemodynamic load 1S04 1414 - Bronchiolitis obliterans- - Peripheral arterial insufficiency - Hydrostatic load 1S04 - Pulse deficits 1363, 1365 organizing pneumonia 1634 1338 - Intermittent compartment - Pulse examination 1367 - Hampton's hump 1634 - Pressure amplitude 1338 syndrome 1S04 - Radial artery 1406 - Parenchymal hemorrhage 1634 - Steal effect 1338 - Muscular atrophy 1S04 - Rest pain 136s, 1386, 1433-143s, - Pleural effusion 1634 Chronic bronchitis 1616 - Osteroarthritis 1S04 1438 - Pneumonitis 1634 Chronic compartment syndrome - Periperal venous pump 1S04 - Retroperitoneal fibrosis 1414 - Pulmonary fibrosis 1634 1493 - Peripheral venous pressure - Risk factors 1364, 1433 - Pulmonary infarction 1634 Chronic coronary syndrome 732, 1S04 - Secondary prevention 1388 - Westermark's sign 1634 746,779-809 - Subfascial venous system 1S04 - Specific therapy 1388 Cheyne-Stokes respiration 1082 - Acetylcholine 782-784,789 Chronic ischemic syndrome 922 - Subclavian artery 14os Chiari malformation 1264 - Antioxidant 8oo Chronic lung disease 781 - Symptoms 136s, 1433 Child-Pugh classification 861, - Aspirin 781-783 Chronic mesenteric ischemia - Systemic fibrinolysis 1399 1696 - Atherosclerotic plaque 784 1701 - Takayasu's arteritis 136s, 1410 Chlamydia pneumoniae 102, 329, - Beta-blocker 803-804 Chronic obstructive pulmonary - Temporal arteritis 1411 336, 3S7, 362, 902,961 - Calcium channel blocker 783, disease 473, 86o, 879, 882,1698 - Thromboangiitis obliterans Chlorambucil 949-9so, 1768 8os-8o6 Chronic peripheral artery 1403 Chlorpromazine 1037, 1849 - Cholesterol 780-781,784, ischemia 1363 - Thrombolysis 1442 Chlorpropamide 999 791-799 - Amputation 1365,1444-1446 - Thromembolic occlusion 1413 Cholangiocarcinomas 1707 - Collateral flow 783 - Amyloidosis 1414 - Traumatic occlusion 1412 cholangitis Bacterial cholangitis - Coronary arteriography 786, - Anticoagulants 1399 - Ulceration 1433, 143S, 1438 1704 791 - Aortic arch syndrome 1365 - Ulnar artery 1406 cholecystitis Ischemic - Coronary artery spasm 781, - Aortoiliac occlusion 1407 - Vascular malformation 1413 cholecystitis 1734 8oo,8os - Arteriosclerosis 1363 - Vascular testing 1369 Cholecystits 16os - Coronary calcification 791 - Atherosclerosis 1388-139s - Werner's syndrome 1414 Cholecystokinin 1690 - C-reactive protein 780 - 1368 Chronic thrombotic occlusion Cholelithiasis 13S9 - Diagnostic 786 - Axillary artery 14os 172S Cholestasis 1S39 - Dietary 780 - Brachial artery 1406 Chronic venous insufficiency Cholesteratoma 1601 - ECG 807 - Chronic arsenic poisoning 39S, 416,1366, 14S9, 1493, Cholesterol So, 8s, 99, 322-32s, 328, - Endothelial dysfunction 1414 1498-1S04, 1S07, 1S26-1S27, 694,780-781,784 791-799,898 788-789,8os - Classification 1364-136s 1S32-1S36, 1544 - Hypercholesterolemia So, Ss, - Endothelial function 782-783, - Claudication 136s, 1386, - Active contact dermatitis 1502 90, 101, 322, 323, 326, 33S, soo, 793 1433-1437 - Air plethysmography 1S02 692,69S,736,784,888-889,893, - Endothelial heterogeneity 783 - Clinical examination 1367, 1387, - Allergic contact eczema 1S01 898, 900, 902, 1091, 1337, 1349, - Epidemiology 780-782 1435 - Allergic inflammation 1501 1450, 1769, 1869-1870 - Evaluation 789 - Collagen disease 1404 - Antibiotic therapy 1504 - crystals 96, 1282, 1760 - Exercise 802 - Compression syndrome 1412 - Artherogenic stasis syndrome - emboli 631, 9S5 - Fibrinogen 780, 794 - Conservative treatment 1388 1SOO SUBJECT INDEX

Chronic venous insufficiency - Chronic venous insufficiency - Arteriovenous shunts 1707 Cocaine 781,970-974, 1020, 1037, - Atrophie blanche 1501 395 - Ascitis 1707 1048, 1058, 1084, 1099> 1617, 1633> - Bacterial superinfection 1501 - Chronic visceral venous - Caput medusae 1707 1703 - Chronic fascial compression syndromes 395 - Central venous pressure 1707 Cogan's syndrome 936, 938, 949 syndrome 1500,1502,1504 - Deep vein thrombosis 395 - Cholangiocarcinomas 1707 Coil 1105,1128,1131,1134,1136-1137, - Classification 1502 - Hyperpigmentation 395 - Congenital hepatic fibrosis 1140,1142, 1184,1191,1193, - Compression 1503 - Linton test 395 1707 1200-1202,1254,1733 - Corona phlebectatica para- - Mahoner-Ochsner test 395 - Congenital hepatoportal - Coil compaction 1172, 1199, plantaris 1500, 1502 - Paraplantar corona 395 sclerosis 1707 1202 - Crural ulcer 1501 - Perthes test 395 - Encephalopathy 1707 - Coil embolization 1140 - Cutaneous papillomatosis - Trendelenburg I test 395 - Esophageal varices 1707 - Coilloops 1203 1500 - Trendelenburg II test 395 - Gastrointestinal bleeding 1707 - Coil migration 1172, 1202 - Deep venous system 1500 - Valvular insufficiency 395 - Hemorrhoids 1707 - Coil occlusion 1158,1172-1173, - Deep venous thrombosis 1502 - Varicosis 395 - Orthostatic hypoxia 1707 1178,1180-1182,1186-1187, - Definition 1500 - White atrophy 395 - Platypnea 1707 1194-1195, 1199> 1202-1204 - Dermatosclerosis 1501,1532 Chronotropic effect 168 - Portal hypertension 1705, 1707 - Detachable coil 1128, 1158,1172, - Diagnosis 1502 Churg-Strauss syndrome - Portal vein thrombosis 1707 1178,1194-1195,1200,1202 - Duplex scanning 1502 356-358,360,362-363, 481, 538, - Portal venous flow 1707 - Guglielmi detachable coil - Edema 1500 936,938,940,944,1599-1600, - Spider angioma 1707 1142-1148,1158,1172,1186,1196, - Epidemiology 1500 1604-1606,1608,1708,1762, - Splenomegaly 1707 1200, 1202, 1204, 1243 - Epifascial venous system 1500, 1765 - Splenorenal shunt 1707 - Liquid coil 1136-1137 1502-1504 - Allergic granuloma 1605-1606 - Umbilical vein 1707 - Microcoil 1734 - Etiology 1500, 1502 - Allergic rhinitis 1605-1606 Cisplatin 1770 - Microcoils 1131 - Fasciosclerosis 1501 - Alveolar hemorrhage Clasical scatter s. Coherent scatter - Platinum microcoil 1128, - Gangrene 1504 1605-1606 Claudication 1365, 1386, 1136-1137· 1140, 1142, 1158, 1200, - Granulomatous reaction 1501 - Arthralgia 1606 1433-1437,1576, 1579, 1587, 1671, 1202, 1250, 1276 - Hemosiderosis 1501-1502 - Asthma 1606, 1765 1675 Coiled clip 1157 - Hydroxyrutosides 1504 - Azathioprine 1765 - Hip/thigh claudication 1434 Colander-like lesion 1610, - Hyperpigmentation 1532 - Bilateral exophthalmos 1606 - Intermittent claudication 1338, 1615-1616 - Hypodermitis 1501 - Cholecystits 1605 1348-1349,1403,1434,1452-1453, Cold agglutinins 1388, 1407 - Liposclerosis 1501 - Classification 1605 1657 - disease 1406, 1410 - Local treatment 1503 - Clinical manifestation 1605 - Neurogenic claudication Cold challenge testing 408 - Lymphatic capillary system - Cyclosporine 1765 1434-1435, 1654 Cold ischemic time 1769 1500 - Demography 1605 - Symptoms 1434 Cold pressor test 569, 693, - Nocturnal calf pain 1500 - Diffuse necrotizing glomeru- - Vasculogenic claudication 1434 892-894,896,925,1010-1013 - Pathology 1500 lonephritis 1765 - Venous claudication 1435, 1493, Coldness 1352 - Perforator incompetence 1500 - 1605 1500 1771 - Peripheral venous pump 1503 - Eosinophilic gastritis 1605 - Claudication distance Collagen 42, 152, 217-220,328, 667 - Photoplethysmography 1502 - Eosinophilic infiltration 1765 1372-1373,1389-1390 - Advanced glycation end 220 - Postthrombotic syndrome - Eosinophilic myocarditis 1605 Clearance curve 571 - Angiotensin II 219 1502-1503 - Eosinophilic pneumonitis 1605 Clips 1157,1251 - Atherosclerosis 220 - Purpura jaune d'ocre 1501, - Epidemiology 1605 - Bayonet clip 1157, 1198 - Basement membrane collagen 1503 - Episcleritis 1606 - Booster clip 1170 type IV 218 - Saphenous varicosity 1500 - Focal segmental necrotizing - Cobalt alloy clip 1157, 1197 - Basic fibroblast growth factor - Secondary deep venous insuffi- glomerulonephritis 1765 - Coiled clip 1157 219 ciency 1532 1765 Fenestrated clip 1157,1197 Biosynthesis 219 - Secondary varicose vein 1500 - Inferferon-a 1765 - Ferromagnetic clip 1197 - Cell-matrix contact 219 - Segmental volumetry 1502 - Intestinal obstruction 1605 - Fulcrum-type clip 1197 - Collagen fibers 152 - Sequelae 1500 - Leukocytoclastic vasculitis - Heifetz-Week spring clip 1157 - Damaged collagens 219 - Siderofibrosis 1501 1605 - Mayfield-Kees clip 1157 - Degradation 220 - Signs 1500 - Mesenteric vsaculitis 1605 - Olivecrona clip 1157 - Diabetes mellitus 220 - Skin atrophy 1532 - Microscopic polyangiitis 1605 - Right angle clip 1198 - Endothelial cell 217-226 - Stasis eczema 1501, 1504 - Mononeuritis multiplex - Scissor-like clip 1197 - Extracellular matrix 217-226 - Strain-gauge plethysmography 1605-1606 - Scoville-Lewis spring clip 1157 - Fibers 731 1502 - 1606 - Semicircular clips 1198 - Fibril-associated collagens 218 - Subfascial venous system 1503 - Nasal polyposis 1605 - Spethler clip 1197 - Fibrillar collagens 217-218 - Surgical treatment 1504 - Necrotizing allergic granuloma - Sugita clip 1197 - Fibronectin 219 - Symptoms 1500 1605 - Temporary clipping 1199-1200, - Function 217 - Thrombosis 1500 - pANCA 1606 1276 - Glycation 220 - Transfascial drainage 1503 - Pancreatitis 1605 - Titanium 1157, 1197, 1276 - Interferon-a 219 - Transfascial venous system - Pauci immune 1605 - Wrap clip 1198 - Interleukin-1 219 1503-1504 - Periarthritis nodosa 1605 - Yasargil clip 1197 - Interrupted triple helix 218 - Treatment 1503 - Peripheral eosinophilia 1765 Clofibrate 1870 - Low-density lipoprotein 220 - Trophic disturbance 1500 - Petechiae 1605 Clonazepam 1090 - Matrix metalloproteinases 217, - Ulceration 1501-1503 - Polyneuropathy 1605 Clonidine 185, 1032, 1034, 219 - Valvular dysfunction 1532 - Prognosis 1606 1048-1049.1056 - Microfibrillar collagens 218-219 - 1503 - Proteinuria 1765 - suppression test 1049 - Monomers 218 - Venous claudication 1500 - Purpura 1605 Clopidogrel 752, 834, 841, 886, - Phenotypic modulation 219 - Venous hypertension - Rapidly progressive glomeru- 1092, 1118, 1310, 1313, 1324, - Platelet-derived growth factor 1500-1503,1532 lonephritis 1606 1348-1349> 1389, 1399 219 - Venous pressure 1502 - Sinusitis 1605 CMV 957 - Polymers 218 - Venous reflux 1502 - Therapy 1765 c-myc 1823 - Prostaglandins 219 - 1532 - Treatment 1606 CNP s. C-type natriuretic peptide - Secretion 219 - White atrophy 1501-1503 - Ulcerations 1605 C02 laser 1263 - Sheet-forming collagens 218 - Wound milieu 1504 - Urticaria 1605 co2_tension 168 - Smooth muscle cell 217-226 - Yellow ocher purpura 1501 Cilostazol 833, 1392, 1657 Coagulation s. Hemostasis - Stromelysin 220 - Zinc paste 1504 Cimetidine 913 Co-axial microcatheter 652 - Structure 217-219 Chronic venous syndromes 395 Circulating volume 1820 Coaxial technique 1309 - Transforming growth factor-/3 - Chronic peripheral venous Circulatory arrest 1570 Cobalt alloy clip 1157, 1197 219 syndromes 395 Cirrhosis 1632, 1840, 1851 Cocaethylene 973 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 219 SUBJECT INDEX 1893

Turnover 219 Coma 1223 - Conventional CT 443 - Pseudoaneurysm 461 Type I 207, 218-220, 226 Common carotid artery 1584 - Coronary artery imaging - Pulmonary arteriovenous - Type III 42, 87, 210, 218-220, - Antegrade thrombosis 1584 453-457 malformation 478-479 226 - Carotid-carotid artery bypass - Coronary calcification 456 - Pulmonary arteriovenous - Type IV 207, 218, 219, 226, 358, grafting 1587 - Coronary multirow detector shunting 478-480 1767 - Complications 1587 CT 453-457 - Pulmonary artery coarctation - Type V 218-220 - Connective tissue disorders - Coronary multirow detector 488 - TypeVI 219 1584 CT angiography 455-457 - Pulmonary artery interruption - Type VIII 218, 226 - Cystic medial degeneration - Diffuse pulmonary hemor• 488 - Type XIX 218 1584 rhage 485 - Pulmonary artery thrombosis - Type XV 218-219 - Diagnosis 1584 - ECG-correlated cardiac CT 476 - Type XVIII 218-219 - Endarterectomy 1585 446-447 - Pulmonary capillary heman• - Types 217-220 - Endovascular treatment 1587 - ECG-correlation techniques giomatosis 490 - Vascular cell adhesion - Etiology 1584 446 - Pulmonary embolism 461, molecule-1 220 - Fibromuscular disease 1584, - ECG-gated spiral scanning 468-472 Collagen fibers 1610 1587 447,451, 453,455,457 - Pulmonary fibrosis 473 Collagenase 88 - Incidence 1584 - ECG-triggered four-slice - Pulmonary hypertension Collateral circulation 78, 265-271 - Indication 1584 scanning 448 471-473 - Anatomy 265 - Ipsilateral carotid bifurcation - ECG-triggered sequential - Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma - Angiogenesis 265 endarterectomy 1586-1587 scanning 447,453,455 477 - Arteriogenesis 265-270 - Longitudinal arteriotomy 1586 - Editing 448 - Pulmonary metastasis 477 - Cardiovscular disease 265 - Oculoplethysmography 1584 - Electron beam CT 447,450, - Pulmonary parenchymal - Clinical trials 270-271 - Operative technique 1585 454-456,461,496-509 trauma 485 - Collateral arteries 265 - Physical examnination 1584 - Epitheloid hemangioendo- - Pulmonary vascular applica• - Collateral growth 266 - Re-stenosis rate 1587 thelioma 478 tion 466 Experimental trials 270-271 - Retrograde thrombosis 1584 - Evaluation techniques 448 - Pulmonary vascular injury 485 - Fibroblast growth factor - Revascularization 1584 - Fast multislice cardiac CT 447 - Pulmonary vascular tumor 269-271 - Sponatneous dissection 1584 - Fixed array detector 445 invasion 476 - Function 265 - Subclavian -carotid artery by- - Foreign material embolism 476 - Pulmonary vasculitis 481 - Growth factors 270 pass grafting 1585, 1587 - Four-slice detector arrays 453 - Pulmonary vein thrombosis - Histology 265 - Takayasu's arteritis 1584, 1587 - Four-slice spiral reconstruction 491 - ICAM-1 268 - Transposition 1586 446 - Pulmonary vena-occlusive - Initation 268 - Treatment 1585 - Goodpasture's syndrome 483 disease 491 - Ischemia 268 Common hepatic artery - Grafts 462 - Radiopaque markers 462 - Maturation 268 aneurysms 1708 - Hemangiopericytoma 478 - Renal arery stenosis 463-464 - MCP-1 269,271 Compartment syndrome 1338 - Hepatopulmonary syndrome - Rendu-Osler-Weber disease - Migration 268 Complemant 354-358, 939 478 478 - Occlusion 266-267 Complement Hypocomple- - High-resolution CT 466-493 - Renovascular hypertension 463 - Proliferation 266-269 mentemia 1760 - Hounsfield units 443, 450 - Segmentation 448 - Remodeling 266 Compression 341 - Hughes-Stovin syndrome 481 - Septic emboli 473 - Synthesis 268 - syndrome 1325, 1412, 1423 - Hydatid disease 475 - Sickle cell disease 473 - Ultrastructure 265 Compton scatter 595 - Iatrogenic pulmonary artery - Single slice cardiac CT 447 - Vasculogenesis 265 Computed tomography 443-451, 485 - Single slice spiral CT 444-455 - VCAM-1 268 453-457, 467-493, 1089, 1218, - Idiopathic primary pulmonary - Single slice spiral interpolation - VEGF 271 1283,1319,1543,1551-1552 hemosiderosis 484 algorithmus 444 Collateral pathways 1492 - 3D evaluation 449 - Iliac artery occlusion 464 - Splanchnic vessels 464 Collateral vessels 77 - 3D quantification 449 - Iliac artery stenosis 464 - Superficial femoral artery Collateralization 1338 - 3D reconstruction 448-449, - Infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusion 464 Colloidal agents 1391 453-454,461 aneurysm 462 - Superficial femoral artery Colonic diverticular bleeding 1732 - Single slice detector 443 - Intimal flap 461 stenosis 464 Colonic ischemia 1702, 1725-1726 - Abdominal aortic aneurysms - Intravasal ultrasound 455 - Systemic arterial supply 488 - Angiography 1726 Endovascular repair 462 - Leiomyosarcoma 477 - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Aortic coarctation syndrome - Abdominal aortic aneurysms - Living renal donor 464 482 1725 Open repair 462 - Lower extremity vascular - Takayasu arteritis 481 - Chronic thrombotic occlusion - Abdominal aortic aneurysms disease 464 - Technical principles 443-451 1725 462-463 - Mesenteric artery stenosis 464 - Thoracic aneurysms 461 - Cocaine 1703 - Adaptive array detector 445 - Microscopic polyangiitis 481 - Total anomalous pulmonary - Diarrhea 1702 - Adaptive axial interpolation - Multislice spiral CT 445-448, venous return 493 - Drug abuse 1703 446 451,1551 - Traumatic aortic injury 461 - Fibromuscular disease - Aneurysmal pulmonary artery - Multislice spiral reconstruction - Tumor emboli 475 1725-1726 disease 487 445 - Visceral vascular imaging - 1702 - Angiosarcoma 478 - Mural thrombus 462 458-465 - Hemorrhagic colitis 1703 - Anomalous pulmonary artery - Para-anastamotic aneurysms - Wegener's disease 481, 484 - Ischemic colitis 1702, 1771 origin 487 462 Computed tomography angio• - Mesenteric artery stenosis - Anomalous unilateral single - Parasitic emboli 473 graphy 443-451,453-457, 1726 pulmonary vein 491 - Partial anomalous pulmonary 467-493,684, 1319,1342 - Oral contraceptive 1703 - Aortic arch vessels 458 venous return 493 - Alveolar pulmonary edema 491 - Periarteritis nodosum 1703 - Aortic dissection 460-461 - Peripheral vascular imaging - Aneurysmal pulmonary artery - Pseudoaneurysms 1725 - Beh~et's disease 481 458-465 disease 487 - Pseudocysts 1725 - Bronchial artery aneurysms - Polyarteritis nodosa 481 - Angiosarcoma 478 - Systemic lupus erythematosus 487 - Popliteal artery occlusion 464 - Anomalous pulmonary artery 1702 - Cardiac CT imaging 449 - Popliteal artery stenosis 464 origin 487 - Takayasu's disease 1726 - Celiac artery stenosis 464 - Postoperative pulmonary ar- - Anomalous unilateral single - Vasculitis 1725 - Churg-Strauss syndrome 481 tery aneurysms 486 pulmonary vein 491 - Visceral artery stenosis 1725 - Clinical examination 448 - Primary alveolar capillary dys• - Artifacts 467 Colorectal carcinoma 1519 - Cone beam angle 445 plasia 490 - Beh~j:et's disease 481, 486-487 Color-flow duplex 400,404-418, - Congenital aneurysms 487 - Primary vasculitic pulmonary - Broncltial artery aneurysms 420-427, 431, 1424, 1862 - Congenital pulmonary vein artery aneurysms 486 487 s. Doppler ultrasonography stenosis 493 - Proliferating angioendo• - Churg-Strauss syndrome 481 Colostomy 1675 - Contrast protocols 448 theliomatosis 478 - Congenital aneurysms 487 1894 SUBJECT INDEX

Computed tomography angio• - Rendu-Osler-Weber disease - Rheumatoid factor 358, 362, - Levovist 425, 430 graphy 478 937, 948, 952, 960 - Low-osmolar ionic 609 - Congenital pulmonary vein - Septic emboli 474 - Sarcoidosis 936,938,955 - Mannitol 610 stenosis 493 - Sickle cell disease 473-474 - Spondyloarthopathies 936, - Meglumine ions 609 - Diffuse pulmonary hemor• - Single-phase contrast bolus 938,954 - Metformin 639, 1382 rhage 485 injection 467 - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Naloxone 641 - Eosinophilic pneumonia 482 - Spiral CTA 1342 358, 361,936, 938,950-952 - Nephrotoxic intravenous - Epitheloid hemangioendo- - Systemic arterial supply 488 - Systemic sclerosis 938,953-954 contrast 54 7 thelioma 478 - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Therapy 950-957 - Nephrotoxicity 609, 638-639, - Foreign material embolism 482 - Transplant vasculitis 936, 938, 1792-1793 476 - Takayasu arteritis 481 956 - Nonionic 609 - Goodpasture's syndrome 483 - Total anomalous pulmonary Connective tissue dystrophies 94 - Premedication 610 - Hemangiopericytoma 478 venous return 493 Consciousness u66 - Prophylaxis 1382 - Hepatopulmonary syndrome - Tumor emboli 475 Continuous ambulatory peri- - Pruitus 638 478,480 - Wegener's disease 481, 484 toneal dialysis 1772 - Renal dysfunction 638-639 - Hughes-Stovin syndrome 481, Computer-assisted surgery 881 Continuous wave doppler - Respiratory depression 641 486-487 Conduit 863, 1438-1441 398-399>401-404,407-408,414, - Sodium ions 609 - Hydatid disease 475 - Autologous conduit 1439 420,422-423,425-426,1369, - Transcranial doppler 430 - Iatrogenic pulmonary artery - Conduit bypass grafting 1441 1374, 1499, 1508 - Tri-iodinated benzoic acid pseudoaneurysms 485 - Polytetrafluoroethylene 1430, - Ankle pressure 1375 derivatives 609 - Idiopathic primary pulmonary 1441,1443 - Axillar artery 1376 - Tri-iondinated water-soluble hemosiderosis 481, 484 - Tunneling 1440 - Brachial artery 1376 contrast agent 1382 - Interstitial pneumonia 483 - Conduit choise 1744 - Differtial diagnosis 1375 - Ultrasound 425 - Iodinated contrast agent 1342 Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Digital arteries 1376 - Urticaria 638 - Leiomyosarcoma 477 1020, 1830, 1044 - Doppler effect 1374 Contrast nephrography 1758 - Loeffler's syndrome 482 - u-betahydroxyxlase deficiency - Doppler pressure measurement Contrast reaction 1382-1383 - Lupus pneumonitis 482-483 1831 1375 - Acute renal failure 1382 - Microscopic polyangiitis 481 - 21-hydroxylase deficiency - femoral artery 1376 - Allergic reaction 1382 - Mosaic perfusion 468 1830 - Iliac artery 1376 - Anaphylactic shock 1382-1383 - Multiple-slice detector 1342 - Androstenedione 1830 - Low-back syndrome 1375 - Bronchospasm 1383 - Parasitic emboli 474-476 - Hyperandrogenism 1830 - Penetration depth 1374 - Cerebral edema 1383 - Partial anomalous pulmonary Congenital alveolar capillary - Polycythemia 1375 - Contrast reaction 1382 venous return 493 dysplasia 1616 - Raynaud's phenomenon 1375 - Hyperthyroidsm 1383 - Polyarteritis nodosa 481 Congenital aneurysms 487,1569 - Sources of error 1376 - Nausea 1383 - Postoperative pulmonary Congenital cardiac shunts 1614 - Subclavian artery 1376 - Paraproteinemia 1382-1383 artery aneurysms 486 - Cystic medial necrosis 1614 - Systemic pressure 1375 - Pulmonary edema 1382 - Postprocessing 467 - Intimal thickening 1615 Contractile dysfunction 570 - Urticaria 1383 - Primary alveolar capillary - Medial hypertrophy 1614-1615 Contrast 593 - Vagal reaction 1383 dysplasia 490 - Post-tricuspid shunts 1614 - Contrast medium 593 - Vomiting 1383 - Primary vasculitic pulmonary - Pre-tricuspid shunts 1614 - Natural contrast 595 Contrast-enhanced MRA artery aneurysms 486 Congenital hepatic fibrosis 1707 Contrast agents 425, 430, 515, 520, 515-516, 1343 - Proliferating angioendo• Congenital hepatoportal sclerosis 527-529,546, 1052 - 3D MRA 1550 theliomatosis 478 1707 - Acetylcysteine 639 - Contrast agent 1343 - Pulmonary arteriovenous Congenital pulmonary vein - Adrenaline 641 - Echo time 1343 malformation 478-479 stenosis 493 Allergic reaction 609, 638, 641 First pass effect 1343 - Pulmonary arteriovenous Congestive pulmonary angio• - Anaphylactoid shock 638, 641 - Gadolinium 1343 shunting 478-480 pathy 1612 - effect 609 - K-space modulation artefacts - Pulmonary artery thrombosis - Pulmonary venous hyper- - Antioxidant 639 1343 476 tension 1612 - Benzodiazepine 641 - Lack of side effects 1345 - Pulmonary artery interruption Conjunctivitis 1602, 1763 - Calcium chelates 609 - Repetition times 1343 488 Conn's syndrome 1044 - Carbon dioxide 639, 1731, 1793 - T1-weighted 1343 - Pulmonary artery coarctation Connective tissue disease - Contrast dose 643 - Venous overlap 1344 488 935-936, 938, 950-957> 1576, - Contrast flow rate 643 Contrast -enhanced spiral - Pulmonary capillary heman- 1584, 1588, 1607,1627, 1632, 1654, - Contrast injection technique computed tomography 1673 giomatosis 490 1672,1699 626 Cor pulmonale 485, 1622, 1629 - Pulmonary embolism 467-471 - Adults-onset Still's disease - Contrast material 638 - Atrial septostomy 1629 - Pulmonary fibrosis 473, 481 936,938,954 - Contrast medium 1731 - Cardiac output 1629 - Pulmonary hemorrhage - Amyloidosis 936,938, 954-956 - Coronary artery application - Chronic pulmonary hyper- 481-485 - Antinuclear antibodies 937, 609-610 tension 1629 - Pulmonary hypertension 950,953,960 - Diabetes 638 - Diastolic dysfunction 1629 471-473,482 - Antiphospholipid antibody - Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic - Hemodynamic features 1629 - Pulmonary infarction 473-474, 938, 950, 952, 956 acid chelate 639 - Hepatomegaly 1629 486 - Azathioprine 952-954 - Electrophysiological adverse - Massive pulmonary emboliza- - Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma - Corticosteroid 951-957 effects 609 tion 1629 477-478 - Cyclophosphamide 951-952, - Flumazenil 641 - Peripheral massive edema - Pulmonary metastasis 477 956 - Furosemide 610 1629 - Pulmonary neoplasmas - Dermatomyositis 936, 952 - Gadolinium 515-516,529, - Systemic venous pressure 1629 477-478 - Diagnosis 936, 941 546-551, 639, 1425, 1793 Cor triatriatum 44 - Pulmonary parenchymal - DNA-anti-DNA antibody - Gadolinium concentration 516 Coral reef atheroma 1741 trauma 485 complex 358, 952 - Heart failure 638 Corinthian stent 1429 - Pulmonary vascular tumor - Familian mediterranean fever - Hemodynamic effects 609 Coronary flow velocity 788, 792 invasion 476 938,954-955 - High-osmolar ionic 609 Corona phlebectatica para- - Pulmonary vascular injury 485 - Methotrexate 953,955 - Histamine release 609 plantaris 1500, 1502 - Pulmonary vasculitis 481 - Pathogenesis 937 - Hydrocortisone 641 Coronary angiography 526-532, - Pulmonary vein thrombosis - Polymyositis 952 - Hyperthyroidism 1382 602-632 491 - Prednisone 951-952, 956 - Hypovolemic shock 641 - Acute thrombotic occlusion - Pulmonary vena-occlusive - Radiation vasculopathy 936, - Iodinated contrast agents 617 disease 491 938,957 1342 - Air embolism 631 Radiation dose 1342 - Rheumatoid arthritis 936, 938, - Iron-based 516 - Alcohol septal ablation 612 - Radiation protection 467 952,955 - Lactic acidosis 639 - Aldridge projection 625 SUBJECT INDEX

- Allergic reaction 609-610, 632 - Diastolic pressure 607 - Posterior descending artery Coronary artery bypass surgery - Amplatz catheters 6os, 607 - Dissection 603, 628, 630 611, 62s, 626 8s4,1002 - Amplatz technique 620 - Eccentric stenoses 628 - Posterolateral branch 611, 613, - Abdominal aneurysm 859 - Aneurysm 631 - Epicardial coronary artery 618 626 Activated clotting time 862 - Angina pectoris 603, 614, 617, - Equipment 6os - Premature atherosclerosis 61s Acute dissection 868 619 - Femoral artery access 6o8 - Prolonged reversible ischemic Anastomosis 863, 884-886 - Angiographic standard projec• - Femoral neuropathy 631 neurological deficits 630 Anesthesia 861, 881 tions 624 - Femoropopliteal vascular - Pulmonary artery trunk 610 Antithrombin III 862 - Angiography of bypass prothese 607 - Push-pull technique 619 Aortic cross-clamping 863, 879 conduits 621 - Fibrinolysis s96 - Radial artery access 609 Atrial fibrillation 871 - Anterior cardiac veins 613 - Free-wall rupture s96 - Radiographic contrast agents Autologous blood 862 - Anteroposterior projection - Gastroduodenal artery 623 609 Body temperature 863, 867 62S - Gastroepiploic artery 623 - Ramus intermedius 626 Cardiac arrest 862 - Aortic root anatomy 610 - Gastroepiploic artery catheter- - Recanalized total occlusions Cardiac transplantation 858, - Aortic root sign 61s isation 623 628 870 - Aortic stenosis 6os, 616 - Glycoprotein lib/Ilia 628 - Retroperitoneal bleeding 631 Cardioplegia 8s5, 858, 863, 866, - Aortic valve 610 - Great cardiac vein 613 - Right anterior oblique 868,880 - Aortobifemoral vascular - Guidewires 6o6, 6o8 projection 619-626 Cardiopullitonary bypass 855, bypass 607 - Heart failure s96, 614 - Right coronary artery 611-626 8s9,862,868,879-88o,883 - Arrhythmias 631 - Heart transplantation 603 - Right coronary sinus 610 Carotid artery stenosis 859 - Arterial blood pressure record- - Heparin 632 - Right ventricular branch 611 Cell saver 862 ing 6o6 - Heterotopic renal transplanta- - Saphenous vein bypass graft Computer-assisted surgery 881 - Arterial pressure waveform tion 607 catheterization 621 Conduits 863 607 - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Schoonmaker-King technique Contraindications 86o - Arteriitis 603 6os, 612 620 Conventional technique 863 - Acute coronary syndrome - Indications 6o2-6os - Separate ostia 616 Coronary artery bypass graft s96 - Infective endocarditis 6os, 614 - Septal branch 611, 62s 855-858,863,869-872,879-886 - Arteriovenous fistula 608, 630 - Intercoronary collaterals 618 - Shepherd's crook 613 Coronary endarterectomy 854> - Atheroma 603 - Internal mammary artery - Single coronary artery 616 866 - Atrial myxoma 603 catheterization 622, 62s - Sinotubular junction 610, 616 - Endoventricular aneurysmor• - Atrioventricular nodal artery - Intra-aortic balloon pump 607 - Sinus node artery 6n, 613 rhaphy 859 611,613 - Intraarterial 6o6 - Sinuses ofValsalva 610 - End-to-side anastomosis 863 - Atropine 632 - Intracoronary co!laterals 618 - Sones technique 621 - Extracorporeal vortex pump - Beta-Blockers 632 - Intracranial hemorrhage 630 - Steal phenomenon 622 868 - Bland-White-Garland - Intravascular sheaths 607 - Stent thrombosis s96 - Free perforation 868 syndrome 613-614 - Ischemia 630 - Streptokinase s96 - Full metal jacket syndrome - Brachial artery access 6o8 - Isovolumetric relaxation 618 - Stretching effect 613 88o - Cardiac enlargement 613 - Judkins catheter 6os, 607-608, - Stroke 629 - Gastroepiploic artery 855, - Cardiomyopthy 603 619 - Studies 603 863-86s, 884 - Catheter kinking 6o6 - Judkins technique 602, 619 - Subclavian artery stenosis 622 - Heart-lung machine 862 - Catheter tip 619-622 - Lateral projection 62s - Subpulmonary infundibulum - Hemodilution 862 - Catheters 6os-609, 618-626 - Left anterior descending 610 - Heparin 862, 882, 886 - Cerebrovascular accidents 630 coronary artery 610 - Subtotal stenosis 617 - Hypoperfusion 879 - Cholesterol emboli syndrome - Left anterior oblique projection - Sudden death 6os, 614 - Indication 855-859, 866, 881 631 619-626 - Surgical revascularization s96 - Inferior epigastric artery 8ss, - Cobra catheter 623 - Left circumflex artery - Systolic pressure 607 863, 866, 882 - Common hepatic artery 623 610-626 - Tetralogy of Fallot 61s - Internal thoracic artery - Common mixed trunk 616 - Left coronary artery 611-626 - Thedesian vessel 613 8s4-8ss,863-86s,88o,882 - Complication of coronary - Left coronary sinus 610 - Thrombolysis in myocardial - Intra-aortic balloon counter- angiography 629 - Left dominant circulation 616 infarction classification 628 plusation 855, 869 - Congenital aortic stenosis 616 - Left main coronary artery - Thrombotic embolic occlusion - Intracoronary shunts 885 - Congenital atresia of coronary stenosis 626, 628 s96, 617, 630 - Intramyocardial LAD 881, 883 arteries 613-614 - Left ventricular dysfunction - Thrombus 603, 630 - Ischemic cardiomyopathy 858, - Congenital stenosis of s96 - Tissue plasminogen activator 881 coronary arteries 613-614 - Left-to-right shunt 614 596 - Lateral thoracotomy 88o - Contraindication 602-6os - Lesion morphology 627 - Total occlusion 617 - Left ventricular aneurysm 859 - Contrast injection technique - Lesion severity 627 - Transient ischemic attacks 630 - Lung torsion 883 626 - Levin classification 613, 618 - Transposition of the great - Mediastinitis 861, 869 - Conus branch 611,616, 62s - Local radiation therapy 607 vessels 61s - MIDCAB 88o-886 - Coronary arteries 611 - Magnetic Resonance angio- - Type A lesion 627 - Minimal invasive management - Coronary artery anomalies 613 graphy 526-532 - Type B lesion 627 879 - Coronary artery bypass graft - Marfan's syndrome 619 - Type C lesion 627 - Minimally invasive conduit 602, 621, 625 - Marginal branch 611, 625, 626 - Vascular access 607 harvesting 886 - Coronary artery disease 602 - Medication 632 - Vascular access site complica- - Myocardial cooling 863 - Coronary artery dissection 631 - Medium cardiac vein 613 tions 630 - Myocardial oxygenation 863 - Coronary artery dominance - Mitral regurgitation 6os, 614 - Vascular injury 629 - Myocardial protection 862 611 - Mortalitiy 630 - Vasospasm 603, 630 - Myocardial reperfusion 863 - Coronary artery fistulae 613 - Multipurpose catheter 6o6 - Vasovagal reaction 631 - Off-pump 8s5, 859, 879-88o - Coronary artery myocardial - Multipurpose technique 620 - Ventricular fibrillation 596 - Operative morbidity 869 bridges 618 - Myocardial infarction 596, 614, - Ventricular septal rupture 596 - Operative mortality 869 - Coronary artery perfusion 628 617,630 - Ventricular tachycardia s96 - Outcome 869, 871 - Coronary collateral blood flow - Myocaridal bridges 603, 619 - Ventriculography 621 - Pericardiotomy 884 618 - Nitroglycerin 632 - Ventriularization 607 - Postmyocardial infarction rup- - Coronary collateral circulation - Noncoronary sinus 610 - Vessel closure s96 ture 868 617 - Normal coronary anatomy 610 - Vieussens collateral 616 - Postoperative bleeding 866 - Coronary collateral vessels 603 - Ostial occlusion 612 Coronary arteritis 9S1-9S9 - Preoperative 86o - Coronary ostia 610 - Papillary muscle rupture s96 Coronary artery anomalies 613 - Preoperative laboratory 861 - Coronary vascular injury 629 - Percutaneous coronary angio- Coronary artery bypass graft - Radial artery 855, 863-865, - Coronary veins 613 plasty 602 6o2, 621, 62s, 767, 8ss-8s8, 863, 882-883, 886 - Diagonal branch 6u, 62s, 626 - Posterior cardiac vein 613 869-872, 879-886, 947,1321 - Randomized trials 855-856 SUBJECT INDEX

Coronary artery bypass surgery - Excimer laser angioplasty 825, - Pathophysiology 922, 924 Coronary microcirculatory - Reoperation 866 829,833 - Phospholipase C 915 162-172 - Robotic cardiac surgery 881 - Functional revascularization - Platelet -derived growth factor - Adenosine 166 - Saphenous vein 863-864, 881, 822 914 Anatomy 162-164 883,886 - Heparin 862, 882, 886 - Prevalence 912 Arterial Hypertension 172 - Side-to-side anastomosis 863 - Incomplete revascularization - Prognosis 925-926 Arterioluminal vessels 162 - Sternal infection 861, 871 822,867 - Protein kinase C 915-917 Arteriosinuoidal vessels 162 - Sternotomy 863, 879-884 - Indications 821, 855-859 - Provocation testing 925 Atherosclerosis 169 - Sudden occlusion 868 - In-stent restenosis 825-826, - Racial difference 922 Autonomic nervous control - T-graft 863 832-834 - Rho-kinase 915, 917-918,924 168 - Transmural ventricular rupture - Internal thoracic artery - Risk factors 922, 924 Basic principles 165 859 854-855,863-865,88o,882 - Serotonin 913-917, 925 Bayliss effect 165 - Transmyocardiallaser revascu• - Intracoronary doppler 824 - Smooth muscle hypercontrac- Blood flow resistance 165 larization 858 - Intrastent thrombosis 824 tion 913-914,916-917, 921,924, Capacitive flow 167 - Vasospasm 865-866 - Intravascular ultrasound 823 927 Capillary blood flow 163-164 - Ventricular dysfunction 857, - Kissing balloon 830-831 - Substance P 913, 924 Capillary blood pressure 163 859, 866, 869, 881 - Left main disease 830 - Sudden death 922 Chemotaxis 166 - Wound infection 861, 871 - Low-molecular-weight heparin - TNF-a 914 Coronary arterioles 163 - Y-graft 863 842-844 - Treatment 925 Coronary blood flow 163 Coronary artery disease - MIDCAB 88o-886 - Vascular hyperreactivity 924 Coronary vasomotion 163 379-382,496-509,602,669, - Minimal invasive management - Vascular injury 922-923 Dilated cardiomyopathy 172 887, 970, 995, 1016, 1024-1025, 879 - Vascular remodeling 914 Extramural coronary vascula• 1036, 1455 s. coronary vascular - Myocardial infarction Coronary artery syndrome X ture 162 disease 824-826,869 930-934 Extravascular tissue pressure - Angina 379 - Neointimal proliferation 825, - Coronary flow reserve 931, 933 166 - Associated symptoms 379 829,834 - Coronary flow velocity reserve - Extrinsic control mechanisms - Cardiogenic shock 382 - Non-Q-wave myocardial 932-933 166 - Clinical evaluation 379 infarction 857 - Diagnostic 933 - Function 162 - Clinical subsets 380 - Ostiallesion 831 - Ethiology 930 - Hagen-Poiseuille formula 163, - Cocaine 970-974 - PTCA 821-823,826-827,829 - Evaluation 931 165 - Dock's murmur 381 - Randomized trials 823, 829, - Lactate 930-931 - Heart disease 169 - Endothelial function 887-903 855-856 - Pathophysiology 931 - Humoral control 168 - Kussmaul's sign 382 - Restenosis 823-827, 829-834, - Prognosis 934 - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Leriches syndrome 381 sso-881 - Treatment 934 172 - Low-output syndrome 382 - Saphenous vein graft 828 Coronary artery tone 925 - Intracardial blood volume 167 - Mechanisms of ischemia 380 - Stable angina 857, 86o Coronary atherosclerosis 782, 788 - Intramural coronary circula- - Patient's History 379 - Stents 821-827,845-850 Coronary blood flow 163-164, tion 162 - Physical examination 381 - Sternotomy 863, 879-884 701,923 - Intramural coronary vascula• - Precipitating factors 380 - Subacute stent thrombosis - Adenosine 701 ture 162 - Studies 501, 507-508 822,848 - ATP 701 - Intramyocardial pump 167 - Systemic venous hypertension - Survival 848 - Boundary layer flow 702 - Intrinsic control mechanisms 382 - Technique 822 - Coronary flow reserve 702, 165 Coronary artery - Thrombolysis 826 705-706 - Ischemia 169 - dissection 631 - Transmyocardiallaser revascu- - Endothelial dysfunction 703 - Microvascular dysfunction 169 - dominance 611 larization 858 - Entrance length 702 - Myocardial capillaries 163 - fistulae 613 - Troponin I 857 - Fast Fourier transform 704 - Myocardial hypertrophy 162 - myocardial bridges 618 - Troponin T 857 - Flow area 704 - Myocardial oxygen consump- - perfusion 628 - Unfractionated heparin - Fractional flow reserve 702, tion 167 Coronary artery lesions 627 842-845 707-711 - Myocardial perfusion 163 - Lesion morphology 627 - Unstable angina 857 - Hydraulic equation 704, 708 - Myocardial vascularization 163 - Lesion severity 627 - Ventricukar remodeling 828 - Intracoronary doppler - Myocardial venules 163 - Type A lesion 627 - Ventricular dysfunction 857, guidewire 703-704 - Myogenic reflex 165 - Type B lesion 627 859, 866, 869, 881 - Intracoronary pressure - Nervous reflex 166 - Type C lesion 627 - Ventricular tachycardia 857, guidewire 706-707 - Nitric oxide 166 Coronary artery revascularization 885 - Limitations 706,708-711 - Oxygen demand 164 820-834,841-850,854-873 Coronary artery spasm 781, Boo, - Measurement 703 - Reactive hyperemia 167 - Adjunctive pharmacotherapy 805,912-918,921-928,972-973 - Myocardial oxygen consump- - Resistive flow 167 841 - Acetylcholine 913, 924-925, 927 tion 164 - Shear stress 166 - Antiplatelet therapy 844 - Atherosclerosis progression - Myocardial oxygen extraction - Subendocardial perfusion 167 - Antithrombin therpy 844 922-923 164 - Vascular remodeling 166 - Atherectomy 824 - Bradykinin 913, 924 - Newtonian fluids 702 - Vasocontrictive basal tonus - Bifurcation lesion 830 - Calcium 915-916 - Physiology 703 165 - Brachytherpy 833-834 - Chest pain 926 - Pressure-doppler approach - Vasodilatory reserve 165 - Calcifed lesion 831 - Coronary artery tone 925 711 - Vasomotor tone regulation 165 - Cardiopulmonary bypass 855, - Coronary microvascular spasm - Relative coronary flow reserve Coronary microvascular spasm 859,862,868,879-88o,883 926-927 702,706 926-927 - Catheter 820 - Cytokine 914 - Resistance 701 Coronary morphology 895 - Chronic total occlusion 827 - Diagnosis 925 - Reynolds number 702 Coronary perfusion 736 - Complete revascularization - Endothelial dysfunction - Syndrome X 703 Coronary revascularization 1002 822,863 913-914, 921,924 - Time-velocity integral 704 Coronary snare 1483 - Complication 830 - Fasudil 917-918, 924 - Tubes 702 Coronary thermography 335 - Coronary artery bypass graft - Histamine 913-916, 925 - Two-resistor model 701 Coronary vascular disease 715, 822, 855-858, 863, 869-872, - Interleukin-1P 914,917 - Velocity 702-706 746-769,779-808 879-886, 1058 - Mechanism 913-915 - Velocity profile 706 - Acetyl salicylic acid 752-754, - Coronary artery bypass - Models 913-914 Coronary calcification 791 757-759, 769 surgery 854 - Myosin light chain 915-917 Coronary endarterectomy 854, - Acetylcholine 724, 782-784, 789 - Coronary endarterectomy 854, - Myosin light chain kinase 866 - Acute coronary syndrome 171, 866 915-917 Coronary fistula 1563 381,562,596,674,746-770,842, - C-reactive protein 848 - Myosin light chain phos• Coronary flow reserve 702, 705, 850,858,895-896,898,9o2-903, - Cutting balloon 831, 833 phatase 915-917 788,792, 824, 895, 931, 933 956,972,998 SUBJECT INDEX

Adenosine 717, 731 Endothelium-derived nitric - Percutaneous transluminal - Ventricular dysfunction 857, - Adrenergic effect 728 oxide 722, 725 coronary angioplasty 786-789 859,866,869,881 Afterload 720 - Endothelium-derived relaxing - Perfusion pressure 721 - Ventricular fibrillation 720, Angiotensin I 722 factor 722, 724 - Pharmacological test 783 885 Angiotensin II 722,724-725 Endothelium-mediated control - Physical examination 749 - Ventricular tachycardia 857, - Antioxidant 8oo 724 - Physiology 717 885 Aortic valvular disease 736 - Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid 727 - Plaque classification 747 - Viscosity 731 - Arginine vasopressin 722 - Extravascular coronary resis- - Plaque rupture 780, 784-788, - VLDL 780, 793, 799-801 - Aspirin 781-783 tance 719 791, 8oS - Volume control 50 - Atherosclerotic plaque 784 - Fibrinogen 780, 794 - Platelet-derived growth factor - Vulnerable plaque 746-747 - Atrial natriuretic factor 723, 726 - Food 780,793 722 - Weight 781 - Autoregulation 720 - Frank-Starling mechanism - Positron emission tomography - Windkessel function 718 - Beta-blocker 803-804 719 789-792 - Women 785 - Bradykinin 722-728 - Garden hose 719 - Preload 720 Coronary vascular tone 736 - Calcium 723 - Genetic factors 13 - Prevalence 3 Coronary vasomotor function 565 - Calcium channel blocker 783, - GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor - Prevention 13 - Acetylcholine 565 8os-8o6 752-753,760,763-769 - Prostacyclin 722, 783, 805 - Adenosine 565 - Calmodulin 725, 727 - Gregg phenomenon 719 - Reacitve oxygen species 734 - Asymmetric dimethyl-arginine - Cardiac nerves 729 - HDL 780-781,784,793-801 - Reactive hyperemia 730 569 - Cardiogenic shock 767-768 - Heparin 862, 882, 886 - Receptors 721 - Cardiovascular conditioning - Cardiopulmonary bypass 855, - Hibernating myocardium 732, - Remodeling 785 607 Bs9,862,868,879-88o,883 735 - Renin 722 - Cold pressure testing 569 - Cellular signaling pathways 730 - Hirudin 756 - Reperfusion 757-762,766-767 - Coronary plaques 568 - Cholesterol 780-781, 784, - Histamine 723 - Resting flow 731 - Diabetes 566 791-799 - Homocysteine 727,780, SoB - Revascularization 8o6-8o8 - Dipyridamole 566, 569 - Cholinergic effect 729 - Hormonal control 721 - Risk factor trends 5 - Endothelial dysfunction - Chronic coronary syndrome - Humoral control 721 - Risk factors 3, 499 568-569 779-809 - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Risk factors 725, 783,792,799 - Endothelial muscarinic - Collateral flow 783 980-985 - Secular trends 5 receptors 565 - Collateral steal 733 - Immune function 50 - Serotonin 723-724 - Estrogene 569 - Collateral vessel 733 - Incidence 3 - Shear stress 725 - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor - Contractile dysfunction 720, - Inflammatory disease 935-960 - Silent ischemia 748 568-569 726,735 - Infarct angina 748 - Single photon emission - Hormone replacement therapy - Coronary angiography - Insulin 726 computer tomography 790-791 569 526-532, 602-632 - Intracoronary doppler 788 - Smoking 781,793 - Hyperinsulinemic clamp 569 - Coronary artery bypass - Intracoronary pressure 788-789 - Stable angina 732, 746, 857, 86o - Insulin 569 grafting 754, 767-768 - Intravascular ultrasound 788, - Stenosis 719 - Insulin resistence 569 - Coronary artery bypass 792 - Stenting 732 - Insulin-mediated vasodilation surgery 854 - K+ ATP channel - Stress 781, 801-802 569 - Coronary artery revasculariza• - Kallikrein 722 - Stunned myocardium 735 - L-areinine 569 tion 820-834,841-850, - LDL 780-781, 794-801 - Substance P 724-726 L-N -monomethyl arginine 854-873> 879-886 - Lipids 780, 803 - Sudden cardiac death 748 566 - Coronary artery spasm 731, - Low-molecular weight heparin - Sudden death 4 - Nitric oxide synthase 566, 569 735, 781, Boo, 805, 912-918, 751-756, 769 - Systemic embolisation 859 - Papaverine 565 921-925 - Mechanical function 50 - Systemic hypertension - Plasma LDL apheresis 568 - Coronary artery stenosis 731, - Mechanical principles 717 1016-1059 - Postmenopausal women 569 734 - Metabolic regulation 727 - TGFf3 726,734 - Progesterone 569 - Coronary artery syndrome X - Microcirculation 717, 725,747, - Thrombin 726 - Thiazolidinediones 569 931-934 782-785 - Thrombolysis 755-760, 763, 769 - Vasomotion-related function - Coronary atherosclerosis 746 - MIDCAB 88o-886 - Thromboxane 723-725 565 - Coronary calcification 791 - Milieu function 50 - Thrombus 859 Corpora vena-occlusive dysfunc• - Coronary endarterectomy 854, - Minimal invasive management - TNF-a 726 tion 1867 866 879 - Total coronary artery resis- Corpus cavernosum arterial - Coronary flow reserve 721, 731 - Mortality 3 tance 717 inflow 1867 - Coronary perfusion 736 - Myocardial atrophy 735 - Transmural steal 734 Corticosteroid 941-961,1020, - Coronary perfusion pressure - Myocardial catabolism 727 - Transmyocardial laser revas- 1037, 1131, 1138, 1403, 1405, 1760, gradient 717 - Myocardial infarction 731-732, cularization 737, 858 1762-1763, 1765, 1822, 1850 - Coronary resistance reserve 746-770,780,784,792 - Transport function 50 Corticosterone 1839 721 - Myocardial ischemia 729, 731 - Transstenotic pressure 720 Corticotropin-releasing hormone - Coronary vascular tone 736 - Myocardial necroses 733 - Treatment 792 s.CRH - C-reactive protein 750, 766, - Myocardial oxygen consump- - Triglycerides 780-781,793-800 Cortisol 1046, 1839-1840, 1842 780 tion 728 - Troponin I 747,750, 857 - Hypercorticism 1840 - Creatine kinase 749-750 - Myocardial perfusion 718, 731, - Troponin T 747,750, 857 - Insufficiency 1849 - Cross-sectional area 717 790 - Unfractionated heparin Costoclavicular compression 1405 - Diabetes Mellitus 995-1005, - Myocytes 722 753-760, 769 Cotrimoxazole 1764 1008-1013 - Myoglobin 737, 750 - Unstable angina 857 Coumadin 291, m6, 1399 - Dietary 780 - Neuronal mechanism 728, 732 - Unstable coronary syndrome Coumarin 757,1512, 1701 - Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Nitrates 804-805 732 Councilman bodies 98 987-994 - Nitric oxide 782-783,789, 805 - Unstable plaque 747 Coup-contre-coup 485 - Dipyridamole 717 - Nitric oxide synthase deficient - Vascular endothelial growth COX s. Cyclooxygenase - Drug-related disease 970-976 736 factor 737 COX-1 s. Cyclooxygenase-1 - ECG 749, 807 - Non-Q-wave myocardial - Vasoconstriction 722 COX-2 s. Cyclooxygenase-2 - Endothelial dysfunction 729, infarction 857 - Vasodilation 722 C-peptide 1003, 1011 735,788-789, Sos - No-reflow phenomenon 736 - Vasomotor control 730, 738 Crack 976 - Endothelial function 782-783, - Oral anticoagulants 757 - Vasomotor tone 730 Cranial dural arteriovenous 793, 887-903 - Pathophysiology 731 - Vasopressin 723-726,736 fistula 1141 - Endothelial heterogeneity 783 - Percutaneous coronary artery - Velocity 731 - Classification 1245 - Endothelin 722, 724-726 angioplasty 762-766 - Venous pooling 720 - Complication 1250 - Endothelium-derived hyper- - Percutaneous coronary stent - Ventricular arrhythmia 736, - Diagnostic 1249 polarizing factor 722, 726-727 angioplasty 762-766 859-860 - Embolization 1250 SUBJECT INDEX

Cranial dural arteriovenous fistula CTA s. Computed tomography - Differential diagnosis 1413 - Pulmonary embolism 1507, - Epiphenomane 1245, 1249 angiography - Etiology 1412 1511,1513-1516 - Hematoma 1246, 1249 C-type natriuretic peptide 193, - Treatment 1412 - Renal cell carcinoma 1519 - Hemorrhage 1249-1251,1265 198,1847 Cystic adventitial disease 550 - Risk factors 1507, 1516 - Intracranial hypertension Cumarin 1092 Cystic media degeneration 1576, - Secondary prophylaxis 1520 1249,1251 Cushing's syndrome 1020, 1584,1588 - Signs 1507 - Myelopathy 1249 1044-1047> 1826,1840-1841 Cystic medial necrosis 487, 1610, - Single-level DVT 1506 - Therapy 1250 - ACTH 1840-1841,1045-1047 1614,1654 - Symptoms 1507 - Treatment 1250 - Adrenal ademona 1045,1840 Cytochrome b566 193 - Three-level DVT 1506 Cranial nerve - Adrenal carcinoma 1045, 1840 Cytochrome P450 193 - Thrombectomy 1514-1516 - Dysfunction syndroms - Clinical findings 1045 Cytokines 191, 197,355,363,937, - Thrombolysis 1514 1297-1298 - Cortisol 1046 914 - Thrombophilia 1519-1520 - Palsy 1133, 1139, 1165, 1323 - CRH 1046-1047 Cytomegalovirus 102, 1701,1708 - Treatment 1511,1514 - Symptoms 1181 - Cushing's disease 1045, 1840 Cytotoxic antibodies 1004 - Trophic skin 1507 Craniectomy 1299 - Dexamethasone-suppression - Two-level DVT 1506 Craniopharyngioma 1826 test 1046-1047 D - Unfractionated heparin 1511 Craniotomy 1299 - Diagnostic tests 1046 D1 adrenoreceptors 1753, 1814 - Vena caval filters 1515 - Contralateral craniotomy 1179 - Etiology 1840 D2 adrenoreceptors 1753, 1814 - Venography 1509,1516 - Open craniotomy 1226-1227, - Evaluation 1046 Dacarbazine 1846 - Venous compression sono- 1230 - Glucocorticoids 1045 DaCosta's syndrome 379 graphy 1510 - Suboccipital crantiotomy 1228 - Hirsutism 1840 Dalteparin 756, 843-844 - Venous compression syndrome - Unilateral frontotemporal - Hypercorticism 1840 D-Dimer 758,1510-1511,1517,1834 1509 craniotomy 1179 - Hypertension 1840 Dean number 142 - Venous outflow 1508 C-reactive protein s. CRP - Hypokalemia 1840-1841 DeBakey classification 1057, 1552, - Venous thromboembolism Creatine kinase 749-750,931, 972, - Ketoconazole 1841 1564 1507,1519 1820 - Kidney stones 1045 Debridement 1445 Deep venous system 1500, 1526, - Brain type 749 - Localization 1046 Deceleration injury 1569 1537 - CK-MB 749-750 - Metyrapone 1841 Decorin 207, 223 Dehydration 1087, 1389 - Isoenzymes 749 - Moon face 1840 Deep abdominal drainage 1545 Dehydroepiandrosterone s. DHEA - Muscle type 749 - Obesity 1840 Deep vein thrombosis 395, 401, Dementia 385,580, 1080, 1083, Creatine phosphokinase 734 - Osteopenia 1045 415,1403, 1414, 1492, 1494> 1499> 1096, 1101, 1166, 1191 Creatinine 86o-861, 1003, 1023, - Pituitary adenoma 1840 1502,1505-1519,1527, 1554> 1851 Demyelination 1256 1035, 1039-1041, 1053, 1058, 1765, - Plasma cortisol 1841 - Anticoagulation 1515, 1519 Denecke sign 394 1790,1842 - Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome - Antiphospholipid-antibody Dental abscess 1517 CREST syndrome 953-954, 1628, 1045-1046 syndrome 1507, 1520 11-deoxycorticosterine 1839 1702 - Screening tests 1046 - Birth 1518 11-deoxycortisol 1839 Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease 1098 - Signs 1840 - Bronchial carcinoma 1519 Deoxyhemoglobin 1222 CRH 1046-1047,1839-1840 - Striae 1840 - Chronic venous insufficiency Dermal venulitis 359 Crohn's disease 1686, 1701, 1851 - Symptoms 1840 1507 Dermatan sulfate 222-224, 301 Crossing syndrome 1543 - Treatment 1047 - Clinical examination 1508 Dermatoliposclerosis 1494, 1501, Cross-reactive antibodies 939 - Ventricular hypertrophy 1840 - Colorectal carcinoma 1519 1504, 1527, 1532 Cross-sectional area 914 Cutaneous atrophy 1494 - Complication 1516 Dermatolymphangionoditis 1540 Cross-sectional compliance 133 Cutaneous hemangiomas 1709 - Compression therapy 1513, 1516 Dermatomyositis 936, 952 CRP 334,354-356,750,766,780, Cutaneous leukocytoclastic - Crural ulcer 1507 Dermatopathy 1540 890-892,901-903, 936,997, angiitis 360, 1762 - CW doppler 1508 Desensitization 1814 1388, 1557, 1762-1763 Cutaneous papillomatosis 1500 - D-Dimer 1510-1511 Desferrioxamine 734 Crural ulcer 1501,1507,1527 Cutaneous ulcers 944 - Definition 1506 Desmin 211, 270 357, 360, 363, Cutis laxa 101 - Diagnosis 1508,1516 Desmopressin 1853 936 Cutting balloon 1729 - Diagnostic algorithms 1510 - ADH analoga 1853 Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis CWD s. Continuous-wave - Differential diagnosis 1508 - Central diabetes insipidus 1853 1762-1763,1765 Doppler - Epidemiology 1506 - Muscarinic receptor 1853 - Acute nephritic syndrome Cyanhemoglobin 1055 - Etiology 1507 - Polyuria 1853 1766 Cyanmethemoglobin 1055 - Fetal hemorrhage 1519 - Tissue-type plasminogen - Clinical features 1766 Cyanoacrylate 1105, 1128, 1131, - Four-level DVT 1506 activator 1853 - Cryoprecititate 1766 1135-1136, 1139-1142 - Gastric carcinoma 1519 Detachable balloons 1128, - Cyclophosphamide 1766 - Glue 1716 - Hypercoagulability 1507,1519 1133-1134,1178 - Etiology 1766 Cyanosis 1845 - Immobilization 1513 Detachable coil 1128, 1158, 1172, - Hepatitis B 1766 Cyanotic marbling 1352 - Incidence 1507 1178,1194-1195,1200,1202 - Hepatitis C 1766 Cyclic adenosine monophosphate - Inpedance plethysmography Detachable silicone balloon 1128, - Hypocomplementemia 1766 s.cAMP 1508 1133-1134, 1200, 1202 - Inferferon-a 1766 Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-mono• - Low-molecular-weight heparin Detectors 596 - Management 1766 phosphate s. cGMP 1511-1512 - Detector surface 595 - Membranoproliferative Cyclooxygenase 190,730, 890, - Lysis 1507 - Solid state detectors 596 glomerulonephritis 1766 902,1335 - Massive thrombosis 1507 Detrimental effect 593 - Methylprednisolone 1766 - Inhibitor 752 - Mortality 1507 Device implanation technique 1664 - Microscopic hematuria 1766 - Pathway 1620 - Oral anticoagulants 1511-1513, Dexamethasone 1372, 1773, 1840, - Mixed cryoglobulins 1765 - Cyclooxygenase-1 902 1516,1519 1852 - Monoclonal antiglobulin 1766 - Cyclooxygenase-2 902 - Oral contraceptive 1507 Dexamethasone-suppression test - Nephrotic syndrome 1766 Cyclophosphamide 942-943, 945, - Ovarian carcinoma 1519 1046-1047 - Pathogenesis 1766 948-952, 956, 1049> 1604, 1606, - Pancreatic carcinoma 1519 Dextran 1293 - Pathology 1766 1708,1764-1768 - Pathogenesis 1507 DHEA 1842, 1853 - Phasmapheresis 1766 Cyclosporine 942, 945, 949-950, - Pathophysiology 1518 DHEAS 1837-1838 - Proteinuria 1766 1037,1765,1770-1771 - Pentasaccharides 1513 Diabetes mellitus 3-10, 101, 104, - Renal impairment 1766 - Toxicity 1768-1769 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 220,500,566,638,692,695,736, - Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia - Cyclosporine-induced nephro- 1507-1508,1514-1515 749,781, 794, 861, 871, 879, 888, 1766 toxicity 1757 - Postthrombotic syndrome 893-894,898,982,995-1005, Cryoglobulins 362, 1388 Cystatin C 1098 1507,1511,1513-1516 1009-1013, 1019, 1021, 1026-1027, Cryoprecititate 1766 Cysteine 734 - Pregnancy 1507, 1518-1520 1035, 1039> 1076,1081, 1083, 1091, Cryotherapy 1703, 1723 Cystic adventitial degeneration - Prostatic carcinoma 1519 1347,1450,1698,1823-1824, CT s. Computed tomography 1358, 1408, 1413 - Puerperium 1518, 1520 1829-1830, 1869 SUBJECT INDEX 1899

ACE inhibitor 1000-1001 - Macrovascular disease 1347 - Pathophysiology 1400 - Direct brachial artery puncture - Acute phase response 997 - Metabolic syndrome X 995, 998 - Sympathectomy 1401 1385 Albumin 1001-1002 - Metformin 999, 1003 - Transcutaneous oxygen tension - Embolisation 1385 Albuminuria 1402 - Microalbuminuria 1000-1001 1402 - Femoral angiography 1384 Alcohol 996 - Microangiopathy 997, 999, - Treatment 1402 - Fine-needle DSA 1383 Amputation 1347 1001,1401 Diacyglycerol 915 - Intravenous DSA 1383 - Atheroma 996 - Microvascular disease 1347 Dialysis 86o, 1001, 1058 - Local thrombosis 1385 - Autoimmune destrution 995 - Mycosis 1347 Diaphoresis 379 - Reactive hyperemia 1384-1385 Calcium channel blocker 1001 - Nephropathy 995-997, Diarrhea 1050, 1092, 1607, 1702, - Translumbar aortography 1383 - Capillary microaneurysm 999-1001,1004,1402 1708,1842, 1845 - Vertebral angiography 1386 1009 - Neuropathy 995, 997, 999, Diastolic dysfunction 982, 1629, Digitalis 1088 - Carbohydrate intolerance 996 1010-1011 1823 Digoxin 1820 - Cataract 1347 - Nitric oxide 996, 998, Diazepam1090 Dilantin noo - Cerebrovascular disease 995 1010-1012 Diazoxide 1056-1057 Dilatation lesion 1612 - Chlorpropamide 999 - Oxidized LDL 995, 997, 1012 DIC s. Disseminated intravascular Dilated cardiomyopathy 172, - Complications 996, 999-1000 - Peripheral sensory neuropathy coagulation 987-993. 1093. 1842 - Coronary artery bypass 1347 Dicumarol 291, 1358 - Atrial pacing tachycardia 172 surgery 1002 - Peripheral vascular disease Dietary 780, 1019, 1027, 1029 - Blood pressure 988 - Coronary artery disease 995 995 Dietary pulmonary hypertension - Heart failure 987-994 - Coronary revascularization - Peroxisome proliferation• 1615 - Hibernating myocardium 989 1002 activated receptor inhibitor - Colander-like lesion 1615 - Intramyocardial arteries 991, - C-reactive protein 997 998 - Focal medial scarring 1615 993-994 - Diabetic arteriopathy 393 - Pharmacotherapy 1002 - Liver cirrhosis 1615 - Ischemic DCM 987-990, 992 - Diabetic foot 1400-1402 - Plaque rupture 995 - Microthrombus 1615 - Myocardial oxygen 987-989 - Diabetic polyneuropathy 1400, - Plaque ulceration 995 - Nonhepatic portal hyperten- - Nonischemic DCM 987-990, 1402 - Plasminogen activator sion 1615 992 - Diabetic retinopathy 1402 inhibitor-I 996-997,1011-1012 - Plexiform lesion 1615 - Systolic dysfunction 987, 991 - Endothelial dysfunction - Platelet -derived growth factor - Portal-systemic venous shunt - Tachycardia 988 996-998, 1010, 1013 997 1615-1616 - Transmyocardial pressure - Epidemiology 995 - Polyneuropathy 1347 - Toxic oil syndrome 1615 gradient 989 - Erythrocyte flexibility 1401 - Prevention 1004 Dieulafoy lesions 1699, 1718, 1732 - Vascular resistance 990 - E-selectin 996 - Proferative retinopathy 737 - Band ligation 1718 - Ventricular remodeling 990, - Fibrinogen 997 - Proteinuria 999, 1002 - Endoscopic technique 1718 992 - Foot care 1347 - Racial differences 996 - Epinephrine 1718 Diltiazem 751, 865, 881, 926, 1032, - Foot ulcer 1347 - Repaglinide 1003 - Hemoclips 1718 1034.1643 - Gene therapy 1004 - Retinopathy 995, 997,999, 1347 - Injection therapy 1718 Dimethylarginine 889, 898, 1337 - Gestational diabetes 999 - Risk factors 995,999, 1011 - Ulcer crater 1718 Diplopia 1077, 1081, 1177, 1181, - Glibenclamide 999 - Sex hormones 1012 Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage 1189, 1192,1246, 1326,1576 - Glucose monitoring 999, 1004 - Smoking 996,999,1001-1002 1607 Dipyridamole 172, 563, 566, - Glucose transport 996 - Stroke 999, 1001, 1011 - Anti phospholipid syndrome 569-570, 717, 733-734. 788-789, - Glutathione 996 - Sulfonylurea 999, 1002-1003, 1607 792, 898, 931, 974. 990, 1009, - Glycosylation 997 1347 - Beh~et's disease 1607 1011, 1092, 1349. 1765 - HbA,c 1402 - Sympathectomy 1401 - Bone marrow transplantation Direct infection 1762 - HbA1c 999,1001-1003,1011 - Syndrome X 1011 1607 Disabling positional vertigo 1300 - HDL 995, 997-998, 1000, 1012 - Therapy 999 - Connective tissue disease 1607 - Abdominal aortic aneurysm - Hydrostatic indifference point - Thiazolidinediones 999, 1003 - D-penicillamine 1607 1660-1666 1401 - Thrombosis 995, 997, 1010 - Henoch-Schonlein purpura - Angiography 1655, 166o - Hydrostatic pressure 1401 - tPA 997 1607 - Ankle-brachial index - Hyperglycemia 995-998, 1003, - Transcutaneous oxygen tension - Invasic fugal infection 1607 1655-1656, 1669 1011 1402 - Leukemia 1607 - Annuloaortic ectasia 1654 - Hyperinsulinemia 995-998, - Transforming growth factor-{3 - Oxyphenbutazone 1607 - Aortic angioplasty 1657, 1663 1003,1011 996 - Polymyositis 1607 - Aortic coarctation 1653 - Hypertension 996,999-1001, - Triglycerides 996, 998, 1003 - Rheumatoid arthritis 1607 - Aortic dissection 1654, 1660 1012 - Tumor necrosis factor 997, - Subacute bacterial endocarditis - Aortobifemoral bypass 1669 - Hypertriglyceridemia 996, 1003 1607 - Arterio-arterial peripheral 1000,1012 - Type I diabetes 1035 - Systemic sclerosis 1607 emboli 1668 - Hypoglycemia 999, 1003 - Type I diabetes 995, 999 - Thrombocytopenia 1607 - Atheroembolism 1657 - ICAM-1 996 - Type II diabetes 1036 - Trimellitic anhydride 1607 - Axillofermoral bypass 1669 - Impaired glucose tolerance - Type II diabetes 996, 999 - Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia - Bypass grafting 1669 995-996, 1000 - Type-1 diabetes 130 1607 - Bypass procedures 1669 - Impaired leukocyte function - Vascular elasticity 996 DiGeorge syndrome 43,372 - Capillary reflll time 1669 1402 - Vascular remodeling 997 Digital photoplethysmography - Clinical manifestation 1668 - Inflammation 997 - VCAM-1 996 408-409 - Combined approach 1670 - Insulin 130,995-1005, - VLDL 996, 1000 - Digital waveforms 408 - Computed tomography 1656, 1009-1012,1347 - Von-Willebrand factor - Normal waveform 408 1660-1661 - Insulin delivery 1003 996-998 - Obstructive waveform - Connective tissue disease 1654 - Insulin resistance 995-998, Diabetic foot 1400-1402 408-409 - Cystic media necrosis 1654 1005, 1011-1012 - Antibiotic therapy 1402 - Peaked pulse waveform 408 - Diagnostic evaluation 1669 - Insulin therapy 1402 - Arteriovenous shunt 1401 - Raynaud's syndrome 408-409 - Differential diagnosis 1668 - Insulin-like growth factor-1 997 - Cruropedal bypass 1402 Digital subtraction angiography - Duplex ultrasonography 1655 - Intensive glycemic control 999 - Diabetic foot syndrome 1454 542, 643. 1117, 1119, 1162, 1237. - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1654 - Interleukin-1 997 - Diabetic polyneuropathy 1400 1253. 1284, 1342, 1383 - Endarterectomy 1670 - lnterleukin-6 997 - Diagnosis 1401 - Aortic arch syndrome 1385 - Fermoro-femoral bypass 1669 - Keratosis 1347 - Doppler pressure 1401 - Arch aortography 1385 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 1653 - Ketoacidosis 1004 - Erythrocyte flexibility 1401 - Brain edema 1385 - Gangrenous toes 1668 - L-arginine 996 - Fagrell's technique 1402 - Catheter DSA 1383 - Gsell and Erdheim 1654 - LDL 995-998, 1000,1003 - Hydrostatic indifference point - Catheter technique 1383 - Iliac angioplasty 1657 - 997 1401 - Cerebral angiography 1385 - Iliaco-fernoral bypass 1669 - Macroangiopathy 999, 1001, - Hydrostatic pressure 1401 - Complication 1385-1396 - Limb-threatening ischemia 1401 - Insulin therapy 1402 - Crossover technique 1384-1385 1660,1668 1900 SUBJECT INDEX

Disabling positional vertigo Doppler equation 399 s. Doppler - Intracranial stenosis 410, 412, - Epidemiology 974-975 - Local thromboendarterectomy ultrasonography 427 - Fenfluramine 976 1670 Doppler flowmetry 1691 - Lower-frequency transducers - Mesenteric arteries 973 - Magnetic resonance imaging Doppler frequency spectrum 423 400 - Metabolism 975 1656, 1661-1662 Doppler pressure 1401,1409-1410 - Microbubbles 425 - E-selectin 975 - Marfan's syndrome 1654 Doppler pressure measurement - Microembolism 427, 429 - Methamphetamines 976 - Morphological classification 1375,1405 - Omnidirctional doppler 1374 - Myocardial infarction 972, 976 1668 Doppler ultrasonography - Peak systolic velocities 405, 412 - Nicotine 975-976 - Mycotic aneurysm 1653 398-418, 420-435 - Penetration depth 1374 - P selectin 971 - Occlusive disease 1654 - Acute deep venous thrombosis - Photoplethysmography 400 - Pharmacology 971 - Percutaneous approach 1653 414-415 - Piezoelectric elements 398 - Phentermine 976 - Percutaneous transluminal - Air plethysmography 400 - Plaque echogenicity 424 - Platelets 975 angioplasty 1657 - Ankle-brachial index 401 - Plaque morphology 424 - Renal arteries 973 - Perigraft inflammatory 1669 - Arteriovenous malformations - Plaque surface structure 425 - Smoking 976 - Pickwickian syndrome 1669 427,430 - Plaque ulcerations 425, 429 - Theophylline 974 - Renal artery stenosis 1653 - Atherosclerosis 423 - Poststenotic turbulence 424 - Tobacco 975-976 - Renovascular hypertension 1653 - B-mode compound imaging - Power Doppler imaging 421, - Vascular effect 974 - Rest pain 1668 433 423,425 - Vascular endothelium 971, - Retrograde thromboend- - B-mode ultrasound 399-400, - Pressure measurement 401 975-976 arterectomy 1670 420-421 - Pulse volume recordings 403 - Ventricular arrhythmia 971, - Risk factors 1654, 1668 - Brachial cleft cyst 413 - Pulsed doppler 399, 421, 1369, 975 - Segmental pressure 1655-1656 - Carbon dioxid reactivity 430 1374 Drugs 781, 1083, 1614, 1617, 1628 - Surgical approach 1668 - Carotid angioplasty 428-429 - Residual vessel lumen 423 DSA Intra-arterial digital - Surgical bypass 1657 - Carotid artery disscetion 423, - Segmental pressure measure- subtraction 1673 - Surgical therapy 1669 426 ments 402, 407 DSA 1041 - 1653 - Carotid artery occlusion 425 - Splanchnic artery 413-414 DSA frame rate 643 - Therapy 1656-1657 - Carotid artery stenosis 422 - Stimulated acoustic emission DSA s. Digital subtraction - Thromboendarterectomy 1669 - Carotid body tumors 413 433 angiography - Trash foot 1668 - Carotid endarterectomy - Strain-Gauge plethysmography Dsypnea 1777 - Traumatic aneurysm 1653 428-429 400 Dual catheter techique 1158 - Tuberculous aortitis 1653 - Cerebral aneurysms 427 - Subarachnoid hemorrhage 427 Ductus arteriosus Transforming Dissecting aneurysms 1172-1173 - Chronic venous insufficiency - Subclavian steal syndrome 410 growth factor-f3 - Intracranial hemorrhage 1172 416 - Three-dimansional ultrasound Ductus arteriosus 44, 71, 89, 195, - Subadventitial dissection 1172 - Clod challenge testing 409 431 257,372, 1622 - Subintimal dissection 1172 - Color-flow duplex 400, - Thrombus 415 Duodenal stenosis 1737 - Transmural dissection 1172 404-418,420-427,431, 1424, 1862 - Toe-brachial index 402 Duodenal ulcer 1354, 1700 Dissection 81, 106, 603, 628, 673, - Continuous wave doppler - Transcranial doppler 427-429 Dupuyrten's contracture 209, 68o, 1085, 1338, 1790 398-399,401-404,407-408,414, - Triphasic Doppler signal 406 1423 - Aortic dissection 460-461, 420,422-423, 425-426,1369, - Vein graft stenosis 407 Dural Arteriovenous fistula 542, 546,1022,1024,1057,1549-1558, 1374,1499, 1508 - Velocity of blood flow 399,413 1128, 1130, 1253, 1265 1563-1567,1569-1570,1654, 166o, - Contrast agents 425,430 - Venous air plethysmography - Intracranial hypertension 1130 1729-1730 - Contrast harmonic imaging 417 - Progressive myelopathy 1130 - Atherosclerotic dissection 646 425 - Venous color-flow duplex - Types 1130 - Blunt dissection 1675, 1677 - Digital photoplethysmography ultrasonography 417-418 Dural fistula 1128, 1130-1133, 1236 - Coronary artery dissection 631 408-409 - Venous duplex 415-416 - Anterior cranial fossa dural - Dissecting aneurysms 88 - Directional doppler 1374 - Venous photoplethysmography fistula 1131 - Mural dissection 88-89, 96 - Doppler analog waveform 416 - Sigmoid sinus dural fistula - Traumatic dissection 642, 646 analysis 403 - Vertebral artery 426 1131 - Vertebral artery dissection 426 - Doppler effect 420, 1374 - Vertebral artery dissection 426 - Transverse sinus dural fistula - Dissection membrane fenetra- - Doppler equation 399 - Vertebral artery hypoplasia 1131 tion 1730 Doppler frequency spectrum 427 Dural nidus 1254 Disseminated intravascular 423 - Vertebral artery occulsion 426 Dural sinus thrombosis 1125, 1130 coagulation 293, 296 - Doppler shift 148, 421, 704 - Vertebral artery stenosis 426 DVT s. Deep venous thrombosis Distichiasis 1539 - Doppler waveforms 400 DORY s. Double outlet right Dysarthria 1077-1082,1189,1576 Diuretics 1031-1035, 1037 - Duplex ultrasonography 399, ventricle Dysautonomia 1020 Diverticula 1722-1723 404,409,414-415 Dotter effect 672 Dysgraphia 1078 - Bipolar coagulation 1722-1723 - End diastolic velocities 411 Double arch formation 1550 Dyslexia 1078 - Comlication 1722 - Enlarged lymph nodes 412 Double outlet right ventricle 195 Dysphagia 1050,1077,1080-1082, - Endoscopic therapy 1722 - Exercise testing 403 Double vision 1079,1081-1082 1102, 1187, 1222, 1716 - Epinephrine 1723 - External carotid artery Double-sheath technique 1476 - -Llusoria 1588 - Injection therapy 1722-1723 409-410, 412-413, 421 Down's syndrome 1098, 1292 Dyspnea 379, 1050, 1601, 1699 - Lower gastrointestinal bleeding - Fast Fourier transformation Doxorubicin 1846 Dystrophic Calcification 103 1722 400 Doxycycline 958 Dysuria 1857, 1861 - Diverticular bleeding 1703 - Fibromuscular dysplasia 423 D-penicillamine 1607 Dizziness 941, 1079, 1081-1082, - Four-dimansional ultrasound Drug abuse 1081, 1083, 1632, 1703 E 1223, 1284, 1423, 1699 433 Drug-related diseases 970-976 E selectin 330, 691 DNA antibody 1388 - Graft flow velocities 406 - Acute coronary syndrome 972 EBCT s. Electron beam computed DNA-anti-DNA antibody complex - Higher-frequency transducers - Alcohol 974-975 tomography 358,952 399 - Alcoholic cardiomyopathy EBV s. Epstein-Barr virus Dobutamine 733, 1088, 1457, 1741 - High-intensity transient signals 974-975 ECG 562-563,746-747,749-750, Domperidone 1842 428 - Amphetamines 976 759-760,807,895,921,925-927, Dopamine 177, 181, 86o, 925, - Horner's syndrome 426 - Anabolic steroids 976 931, 936, 1634> 1820, 1843-1844 1047-1048, 1224,1752-1753, - Impedante plethysmography - Atherosclerosis 971 Echinococcus granulosis 475 1806,1813-1814,1844 400 - Atrial arrhythmia 971, 975 Echo planar imaging 1124 Doppel ecltocardiography 146 - Internal carotid artery stenosis - Caffeine 974 Echocardiography - Aortic valvular stenosis 88 410,423 - Cerebral arteries 973 - Dobutamine stress echocardio- - Doppler shift 148 - Intima-media thickness 421 - Cocaethylene 973 graphy 1672 Doppler analog waveform - Intracranial collaterlization - Cocaine 970-974 - Stress echocardiography 1457 analysis 404 s. Doppler ultra• 428 - Coronary arteries 972 Eclampsia 1058 sonography - Intracranial occlusion 427 - Endothelin-1 971,975 ECM s. Extracellular matrix SUBJECT INDEX 1901

ECMO s. Extracorporeal Electrocoagulation 1703 - Road-mapping technique 1733 - Alcohol 1128, 1131, 1135-1136, 1139 membrane oxygenation Electroencephalogram s. EEG - Sclerotherapy 1734 - Aneurysm 1127, 1134 Ecstasy 976 Electroencephalography 577> - Technique 1733 - Anterior cranial fossa dural Ectasia 81, 86 1076, 1082, 1177, 1218 - Teleangiectasias 1735-1736 fistula 1131 - Annuloaortic ectasia 1654 Electromyography 1297 - Upper - Arterial embolization 1859 - Pathology 86, 87 Electron 99 1733 - Arteriovenous malformation - Vibrational stress 87 Electron 99 Leakage 99 Embolism 1426-1427,1725-1726, 1127 Edema 1500, 1773, 1777 Electron beam CT 447,450, 1729 - Cavernous dural arteriovenous - Angioedema 948 454-456, 461, 496-509, 1457 - Adult respiratory distress fistula 1130, 1133 - Cerebral edema 1138, 1732 - 3D reconstruction 508 syndrome 476 - Coils 1128, 1131, 1134, 1136-1137, - Cord edema 1259 - Atherosclerosis 500-509 - Air embolism 631, 1298, 1300, 1140,1191,1193,1200-1202 - Flash pulmonary edema 1788 - Basic principle 497 1481 - Cyanoacrylate 1128, 1131, - Idiopathic scrotal edema 1861 - Calcium score cut-off points - Amebiasis 475 1135-1136, 1139-1142 - Intestinal edema 1539 500, 502-503 - Amniotic fluid embolism 476 - Debris embolization 825 - Limb edema 1428 - Calcium score nomogram 499, - Anaphylaxis 474 - Detachable balloons 1128, - Lymphedema 1538-1545 502 - Arterio-arterial peripheral 1133-1134> 1178 - Papilledema 1021, 1052, 1130, - Calcium volume score 504-505 emboli 1668 - Diagnostic 1128 1249> 1251, 1517,1774 - Clinical applications 501 - Artery-to-artery embolism 539 - Dural arteriovenous fistula - Parenchymal edema 1125 - Continuous volume-scanning - Ascariasis 475 1128,1130 - Perifocal edema 1283, 1288, 1404 498 - Ascaris lumbricoides - Embolic material 1127 - Peripheral massive edema 1629 - Coronary artery calcium 499 - Atheroembolism 97 - Epistaxis 1127, 1129-1130 - Pulmonary edema 1732, - Coronary artery imaging - Breast carcinoma 475 - Follow-up 1131 1757-1758 496-509 - Cardiogenic embolism 1085, - Gelfoam 1127 - Radiation edema 1289 - Electromagnetic field 497 1093> 1434 - Glomus tumor 1128 - Scrotal edema 1857 - Electron beam angiography 498 - Chorioncarcinoma 475 - Indications 1128, 1130-1131 - Submucosal intestinal edema - Multislice mode 498 - Clot embolism 1481 - Juvenile nasopharyngeal 1708 - Noninvasiv coronary - Deep venous thrombosis 401, angiofibroma 1128 Edendymomas 1263 angiography 507 415,468, 474 - Massive pulmonary emboliza• Edge effect 673 - Plaque calcification 500 - Echinococcus granulosis 475 tion 1629 EDHF s. Endothelium-derived - Schematic representation 498 - Embolic agents 1733 - Meningioma 1128 hyperpolarizing factor - Technical aspects 496-499 - Embolic occlusion 1356 - Polyvinyl alcohol 1127, EDNO s. Endothelium-derived - Vascular calcification 500-501 - Foreign material embolism 476 1130-1131, 1135, 1140 nitric oxide - Vascular remodeling 503 - Gastric carcinoma 475 - Procedure 1130-1131 EEG 1076,1082, 1177> 1580 - X-ray 497-499 - Hepatocellular carcinoma 475 - Sigmoid sinus dural fistula EET s. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid Electron-optical system 596 - Hydatid cyst ruptur 475 1131 Efferent sympathetic fibers 169 Electrophoresis 1411 - Hydatid disease 475 - Silk surgical sutures 1127 Effort angina 380 s.Angina Elephant trunk principle 1570 - Hypersensitivity-type host - Transcatheter embolization Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 42, 87, Elephantiasis 1539-1542,1544 reaction 475 1730,1795 101, 106, 488, 1075> 1085, 1100, Elevated LV mass index 134 - Iatrogenic cholesterol - Transverse sinus dural fistula 1161, 1565,1576, !654, 1672 Elevation-dependency test embolism syndrome 476 1131 Eisenmenger's syndrome 473, 1405-1406,1408-1410 - Katayama syndrome 475 - Tumors 1128 16!8, 1622 Embolectomy 1353,1356-1359, - Larval embolism 475 Embryology 18, 36 Ejection fraction 417 1701, 1733> 1746 - Malignant melanoma 475 - Angiogenesis 25, 36, 243 EKL classification 1601 - Acute hepatic failure 1734 - Mercury embolism 476 - Fibrogenesis 210 ELAM-1 1450 - Angiodysplasia 1735-1736 - Micro embolism 427, 429 - Lymphangiogenesis 40 Elastase 88, 940 - Arterioportal fistula 1733-1734 - Nematodes 475 - Vascular myogenesis 36, 243, Elastase secretion 221 - Blue rubber bleb neuve - Pacemaker wire 474 275> 282 Elastic arteries 1609 syndrome 1736 - Paradoxical air emboli 1085 - Vascular system 18, 36 Elastic compliance 1490 - Carcinoid metastasis 1734 - 386, - Vasculogenesis 19, 38, 243, 273 Elastic fibers 220 - Coils 1733 1434-1485 EMG s. Electromyography - Aneurysm 221 - Complications 1737 - Parasitic emboli 473 Emission 594 - Atherosclerosis 221 - Duodenal stenosis 1737 - Peripheral embolism 1382 Emission 594 Secondary Coacervation 221 Embolic agents 1733 Placenta 476 emission 594 - Elastase secretion 221 - Embolization 1733-1735 - Portal hypertension 475 Emphysema 1616 - Elastin 153,221 - Extrahepatic arterioportal - Portosystemic shunting 475 ENA 1388 - Elastin biosynthesis 221 fistula 1734 - Prostata carcinoma 475 Enalapril 806, 1032, 1034 - Epidermal growth factor 221 - Gastrojejunostomy 1734 - Pulmonary embolism 461, Encephalin 177 - External elastic lamina 221 - Gelatin sponge 1733 467-468,656,1505-1507,1511, Encephaloduro-arterio- Free radical 221 Hemangiomas 1735-1736 1513-1518 synangiosis 1295 - Internal elastic lamina 221 - Hemobilia 1733-1734 - Renal cell carcinoma 475 Encephalomyeltis disseminated - Nitric oxide 221 - Hepatic artery aneurysm 1733 - Schistosomiasis 475,478 encephalomyelitis 1366 - Smooth muscle cell 221 - Hereditary teleangiectasia 1736 - Septic emboli 473 Encephalo-myo-spnangiosis 1295 - Structure 220 - Indications 1733 - Systemic emboli 391 Encephalopathy 538, 973, 1024, - Transforming growth factor-{3 - Intrahepatic arterioportal - Thromboembolic disease 293 1075> 1080-1081,1091,1704,1707 221 fistula 1734 - Thromboembolism 87, 97, 1071, - by Budd-Chirai syndrome 1704 - Vascular disease 221 - Ischemic cholecystitis 1734 1116, 1119, 1145, 1164-1165, 1169, - by Cirrhosis 1707 Elastic lamina 943-944, 946, 949, - Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber 1178,1761 - Hypertensive encephalopathy 951, !612 syndrome 1736 - - Venous thromboembolism 1056,1774 Elastic limit 343 - Leiomyosarcoma 1734 1494, 1506-1507, 1512,1519, - Mitochondrial encephalopathy Elastic modulus 151 - Mallory-Weiss lacerations 1734 !835 1292 Elastic modulus 151 Incremental - Marginal ulcers 1734 - Tricuspidal valve endocarditid - Subacute encephalopathy 1517 elastic modulus 151 - Pancreaspseudocyst hemor- 474 - Transmissible spongiform Elastic recoil 788, 827, 831-832, rhage 1734 - Tumor emboli 475 encephalopathies 1098 1789-1790 - Pancreatic duct hemorrhage - Venous lines 474 Endarterectomy 82, 1407, 1440, Elasticity indices 132 1734 Embolization 1104-1105,1117,1119, 1453, 1578, 1580-!582, 1585,1589, Elastin 93,152,221, 667, 679,731 - Pancreatitis 1733-1734 1122, 1127-1133> 1135-1142,1148, !670 Elastography 665 - Peptic ulcer 1734 1236-1239,1243,1250,1256,1260, - Aortorenal endarterectomy Balloon angioplasty 665, 678, - Polyvinyl alcohol 1733 1263, 1268-1272, 1276-1277> 1303, !804 68o - Portal hypertension 1734 1311, 1323, 1326, 1665, 1733-1735> - Axial aortorenal end• Electrocardiogram S. ECG - Pseudoaneurysms 1733-1734 !804 arterectomy 1804 1902 SUBJECT INDEX

Endarterectomy - Hormonal analogs 1853 - Injection therapy 1714-1716, - Endothelial dysfunction - Axial endarterectomy - Hyperandrogenism 1829 1718,1722 692-694, 887-903 1804-1805 - Hypercalcemia 1841 - Irrigation 1713 - Endothelial NO synthase 691, - Carotid endarterectomy 82, 97, - Hyperparathyroidism 1843 - Location 1714 888-893 428,584,649,859-860,1093> - Hyperthyroidism 1841 - Monopolar coagulation - Endothelial stimulation 888 1302-1304, 1312, 1316, 1321-1323 - Hypoparathyroidism 1844 1712-1713 - Endothelin 691, 887-891, 896, - Coronary endarterectomy 854, - Hypopituiarism 1826-1827 - Multi-band ligator 1714 900-901, 903 866 - Hypothalamic-pituitary unit - Nd:YAG laser coagulation 1713, - Endothelium-derived hyper• - Direct artery endarterectomy 1811 1718,1721 polarizing factor 691, 888, 894 1805 - Hypothyroidism 1841 - Nylon loop 1713 - Endothelium-derived relaxing - Direct renal endarterectomy - Insulin-resistance syndrome - Polymers 1714 factor 691, 890 1804 1841 - Rate of bleeding 1714 - ET-B receptor 889,900 - Innominate artery 1578, - Mechanisms of blood flow - Saline 1714 - Free radicals 888 1580-1582 1813 - Sclerosants 1714 - Genetic factors 894 - Ipsilateral carotid bifurcation - Natriuretic peptides 1847 - Sclerotherapy 1715, 1723 - Geometric magnification 895 endarterectomy 1586-1587 - Ovaries 1812 - Snare 1713 - HDL 888, 893, 898 - Local thromboendarterectomy - Ovarin hyperthecosis 1830 - Stabling machines 1714 - Hemostasis 887 1670 - Parasympathetic nervous - Tamponade 1713 - Heparan sulfates 691 - Peripheral artery disease 1453 system 1813,1815 - Thermal therapy 1715, 1718 - Heparin 891, 896 - Renal artery endarterectomy - Parathyroid hormone Endothelial activation 890, 897 - Homocysteine 888, 894 1743, 1804-1805 1843-1844 Endothelial cell 56, 190, 217 - Hypercholesterolemia - Renal artery eversion end• - Parathyroid hormone-related - Cell junctions 81 888-889,893,898,900,902 arterectomy 1805 protein 1844 - Function 56 - Hyperhomocysteinemia 697 - Renal endarterectomy 1743 - Pheochromocytoma 1841 - Stress fibres 56 - Hypertension 888, 893 - Retrograde thromboen- - 1849 - Structure 56 - Hypertriglyceridemia 697 darterectomy 1670 - Pituitary vascular insult 1849 - Weible-Palade bodies 56 - Inducible NO synthase 889, 891 - Subclavian steal syndrome - Polycycstic ovarian disease Endothelial cells assemble 280 - Inflammation 888, 890, 896, 1589 1829 Endothelial cells migration 279 902-903 - Thromboendarterectomy - Primary hyperaldosteronism Endothelial cells proliferation - Interaction 888 1669,1742 1841 279 - Intercellular adhesion - Transaortic endarterectomy - Sympathetic nervus system Endothelial control 691 molecule-I 691, 890, 892 1742,1804 1813 Endothelial dysfunction 568, - Interleukin-1 889 - Transaortic renal artery end• - Testes 1812 692-694,703,729,735,788-789, - Interleukin-6 890 arterectomy 1805 - Thromboembolic diathesis 8os, 887-903,913-914,921,924, - L-arginine 888-889,897-898 - Visceral branch endarterectomy 1851 996-998, 1010, 1013, 1085 - LDL 888,893-894, 898-899 1743 - Thyroid dysfunction 1819 - Pathophysiology 887 - Leukotrienes 890 End-hole aspiration catheter 1476 - Thyroid gland 1811 Endothelial function 691, - L-glutamine 889 End-hole microcatheter 1124 - Thyroid hemorrallage 1849 782-783,793,887-903 - Lipoprotein (a) 696,888,894 Endocardial sclerosis 104, 108 - Vascular anatomy 1811 - ACE inhibitor 694-695, 897, 899 - Lipoxygenase 890 Endocarditis 104,958, 1043, 1357, - Vascular morbidity 1826 - Acetylcholine 691-694, - Macrophages 889-891, 894 1481, 1505, 1512, 1653 - Vascular mortality 1826 889-894,897-900,902 - Microvessels 695-696 - Bacterial endocarditis 104, 1351 - Vasoactive peptides 1847 - Adenosine 693, 892 - Monocyte chemoattractant - Infectious endocarditis 605, Endocrine vascular disease 1809, - Aging 888 protein-1 890,893 614,1459 1849 - Angiotensin converting enzyme - Monocytes 891 - Infective 1083-1084 - Adrenal hemorrhage 1850-1851 890, 894> 899 - Neuronal NO synthase 889 - Libman-Sacks endocarditis 950 - Adrenal vascular insult 1849 - Angiotensin II 691, 888-891, - Nitric oxide 691-694, 887-903 - Marantic endocarditis 1093 - Corticotropin therapy 1851 897> 899, 901 - N-monomethyl-L-arginine - Subacute bacterial endocarditis - Cortisol insufficiency 1849 - Antioxidant 697, 891, 893, 897, 692, 694-696, 891 960, 1174> 1607 - Gonadal hemorrhage 1849 898-900 - Oxidative stress 889, 891, - Ulcerative endocarditis 1351 - Pituitary apoplexy 1849-1850 - Antioxidant therapy 697 893-894> 897> 900 Endocrine system 175, 1809 - Pituitary vascular insult 1849 - Apo(a) 894 - Oxidized LDL 888, 891 - Acromegalic heart disease 1823 - Thromboembolic diathesis - ApoB 894 - Papaverine 693 - Acromegaly 1823, 1826, 1841 1851 - Apoptosis 888, 891-892 - Papaverine 693, 892 - Adrenal glands 1811 - Thyroid hemorrallage 1849 - Arterial flow 693 - Paradoxical vasoconstriction - Adrenal hemorrhage 1850 Endoglin 245 - Atherosclerosis 887-888, 890, 888, 890-893, 895-897, 899-901 - Adrenal vascular insult 1849 Endoleakage 463, 1557 893> 898-903 - Peroxinitrite 888 - Adrenergic receptors 1814 Endoloops 1716 - Atherosclerotic plaque - Pertussis toxin 889 - Adrenomedullin 1847 Endometrial hyperlasia 1835 888-891, 895 - Phospholipase A2 891 - Androgen-producing neo- endoprotheses Metallic endo- - Blood flow 888 - Plaque progression 891 plasms 1831 protheses 1471 - Bradykinin 691, 693, 695, 888, - Plaque rupture 693, 891, 895, - Calcitonin gene-related peptide endoprotheses Strecker-Nitinol 897,899 896 1848 endoprotheses 1471 - Calcium 691 - Plaque stability 891 - Carcinoid syndromes Endoscopic devices 1712 - cAMP 890 - Plasmin 894 1844-1848 - Argon beam plasma coagula• - Catecholamines 888 - Plasminogen 894 - Catecholamines 1813-1814 tion 1713-1714, 1719, 1721, 1723 - cGMP 691 - Plasminogen activator - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Argon laser coagulation 1713, - Cholesterol 694, 898 inhibitor-1 691-693 1830,1841 1720 - Clinical assessment 691 - Prognostic 896 - Corticotropin therapy 1851 - Band ligation 1714-1716, 1723 - Cold pressor test 693-694, - Proliferation 891 - Cortisol insufficiency 1849 - Bipolar coagualtion 1712-1714, 892-894, 896 - Prostacyclin 691, 693, 887, - Cushing's syndrome 1831,1841 1718-1720, 1722-1723 - Coronary endothelial function 889-891, 893, 902 - Endocrine hypertenion 1841 - Desiccants 1714 692 - Prostaglandins 888, 890 - Endocrine vascular disease - Dilute epinephrine 1714 - C-reactive protein 890-892, - Reactive hyperemia 696 1809,1849 - Endoloop 1713, 1716 901-903 - Redox-equilibrium 890 - Endothelin 1847 - Endoscopic sewing 1714 - Cyclooxygenase 890, 902 - Remodeling 889, 891, 895 - Gonadal hemorrhage 1849 - Fibrin glue 1714 - Diabetes mellitus 888, - Risk factors 692, 695, 888, 890, - Growth hormone deficiency - Glue 1714, 1716 893-894> 898 892-895, 897-899 1826-1827 - Heater probe coagulation 1713, - Dimethylarginine 889, 898 - Serotonin 693, 888-889, 892, - Hemorrhagic diathesis 1851 1718-1720 - E selectin 691 896 - Horman replacement therapy - Hemoclips 1713, 1718 - Endothelial activation 890, 897 - Shear stress 691, 693, 888-891, 1832-1834 - Infrared coagulator 1713 - Endothelial control 691 897 SUBJECT INDEX

- Smoking 888, 893 - Endothelium growth 198 - Acetylcholine 191-196 - Endothelium-derived nitirc - Smooth muscle cells 889-890, - Endothelium migration 198 - Angoiotensin II 193 oxide 191 903 - Endothelium vessel wall inter- - Arginase I 192 - Endothelium-derived hyper• - Sodium nitroprusside 892 action 197 - Arginase II 192 polarizing factor 193 - 897-898 - Endothelium-derived contrac• - Biosynthesis 725 - Endotoxin 191 - Substance P 691, 693, 892-893 ting factors 194 - Release 725 - Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid - Superoxide anion 691-692, - Endothelium-derived hyper• - Bradykinin 191,193-194 193-194 888, 900, 903 polarizing factor 193 - Calmodulin 191 - Free radicals 191 - Thrombin 691, 889, 896 - Endothelium-derived relaxing - Cationic amino acid trans- - GTP-binding proteins G,_3 190 - Thrombmodulin 691 factors 190 porters 192 - Histamine 191, 195 - Thrombosis 693 - Growth inhibitors 190,198 - Coagulation factors 191 - Inducible NO-Synthase - Thromboxane A2 890, 902 - Growth promoters 190, 198 - Cyclic guanosine 3',5'-mono- 191-192 - Tissue plasminogen activator - Hemodynamic regulation 248 phosphate 192 - Interferon 192 691 - Hemostasis 302 - Cytochrome b566 192 - L-arginine 192 - Transforming growth factor f3 - Inactivating vasoactive sub- - Cytokines 191 - L-citrulline 191 889,894 stances 196 - Endothelial NO-Synthase - Lipopolysaccaride 192 - Tumor necrosis factor-f3 890 - Interaction 196 191-192 - Neuronal NO-Synthase - Vascular cell adhesion - Nitric oxide 190 - Endotoxin 191 191-192 molecule-I 691, 890, 892 - Platelet vessel wall interaction - Free radicals 191 - Nicotinamide adenine - Vascular function 691 197 - Histamine 191, 195 dinucleotide phosphate 191 - Vascular proliferation 889 - Platelet-derived growth factor - Inducible NO-Synthase - Nitirc oxide 191 - Vascular tone 691, 887, 895 190 191-192 - NO bioavailability 192 - Vasoconstriction 692 - Prostacyclin 190 - Interferon 192 - NO production 192 - Vasodilation 692, 895-897 - Prostaglandin H2 190 - L-arginine 192 - NO-Synthase 191 - Vasodilator dysfunction 888, - Relaxing factors 190 - L-citrulline 191 - Oxidized low-density lipo- 896-897 - Smooth muscle growth 198 - Lipopolysaccaride 192 protein 192-193 - Vasoreactivity 892, 896, 903 - Smooth muscle migration 198 - Neuronal NO-Synthase - Peroxynitrite 192 - Vitamin C 891, 893-894, 900 - Smooth muscle proliferation 191-192 - Pertussis toxin 190

- Vitamin E 891, 900 190 - Nicotinamide adenine - Phospholipase A2 190 - Von Willebrand factor 691, 892 - Thrombogenic factors 190 dinucleotide phosphate 191 - Platelet -derived adenine - Wall thickning 895, 900 - Thromboxane A2 190 - NO bioavailability 192 nucleotides 191 - Xanthine oxidase 888, 900 - Vascular relaxation 190 - NO production 192 - Prostacyclin 190

Endothelial heterogeneity 783 - Vascular tone 190 - NO-Synthase 191 - Prostaglandin H2 190 Endothelial muscarinic receptors - Vasoactive hormones 190 - Oxidized low-density lipo- - Septic shock 191 565 Endothelium growth 198 protein 192-193 Serotonin 191 Endothelial NO-Synthase 191-192, - Adrenomedullin 198 - Peroxynitrite 192 - Superoxide anion 192 248,279,691-692,696,736-73h - Basic fibroblast growth factor - Platelet-derived adenine - Superoxide dismutase 192 888-893 198 nucleotides 191 - Thrombin 191 - Gene expression 192 - C-type natriuretic peptide - Septic shock 191 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 192 - Promotor 192 198 - Serotonin 191 - Vascular relaxation 190 - Transport 191 - Heparan sulfate 198 - Superoxide anion 192 - Xanthine oxidase 192 Endothelial regulation 1689 - Heparin 198 - Superoxide dismutase 192 - Y +transporter system 192 Endothelial stimulation 888 - Inhibitors 198 - Thrombin 191 Endothelium-derived vasoactive Endothelialization 90 - Nitric oxide 198 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 192 substances 190 Endothelin 152,194-198,251, - Platelet -derived growth factor - Vascular relaxation 192 Endothelium-derived vaso• 691-692, 722, 887-891, 896, 198 - Xanthine oxidase 192 constrictive prostanoids 196 900-901, 903, 990, 993, 1010, - Promoters 198 - Y +transporter system 192 Endothelium-mediated control U67, 1334-1336, 1339, 1621,1630, - Prostacyclin 198 Endothelium-derived nitric oxide 724 1689, 1775, 1847 - Shear stress 198 synthase 42 Endotoxin 191 - Biosynthesis 194 - Transforming growth factor-{31 Endothelium-derived relaxing Endovascular repair 549 - Cardiac output 1847 198 factors 190, 193, 691, 722,724, Endoventricular aneurysmor- - Congestive heart failure 1847 Endothelium interaction 196 890, 993> 1334-1336 rhaphy 859 - Endothelin converting enzymes - Nitric oxide 197 - 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole Energy conservation principle 194,726 Prostacyclin 197 imine 190 147 - Endothelin interaction 194 - Serotonin 197 - 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole Engineering stain 341 - Endothelin system 194 - Thrombin 197 sulfonyl chloride 190 Engineering stress 341 - Endothelin-1 726,971,975, - Thromboxane A2 197 - 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutanyl ENOS 1620, 1689 1054> 1339> 1450, 1647, !689, 1692, - Venous bypass graft 197 coenzyme A 192 ENOS s. Endothelial NO-Synthase 1756,1847 Endothelium migration - 3-morpholino-sydnonimine Enoxaparin 756, 842-844 - Endothelin-2 1756 s. Endothelium growth 190 Enteric-coated potassium tablets - Endothelin-3 1756 Endothelium-derived contracting - Acetylcholine 191-196 1701 - ET-A receptor 1847 factors 194 - Angoiotensin II 193 Enterococcus faecalis 960 - ET-B receptor 1847 - Angiotensin converting enzyme - Arginase I 192 Entrance length 702 - Inhibition 1756 196 - Arginase II 192 Enzymatic digestion 93 - Physiology 195 - Endothelin 194-198 - Bradykinin 191,193-194 Eosinophilia 943-945, 848, - Receptors 194 - Endothelin biosynthesis 194 - Calmodulin 191 1604-1605,1608,1760 - Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone - Endothelin receptors 194 - Cationic amino acid - Blood eosinophilia 360 system 1847 - Endothelium-derived vaso- transporters 192 - Peripheral eosinophilia 1765 - Ventricular hypertrophy 1847 constrictive prostanoids 195 - Coagulation factors 191 Eosinophilic debris 1760 Endothelium 190 - Thromboxane receptor 196 - Cyclic adenosine mono- Eosinophilic infiltration 1765 - Activating vasoactive Endothelium-derived hyperpolar• phosphate 190 Eosinophilic pneumonia 482 substances 196 izing factor 193, 691, 722,726, - Cyclic guanosine 3', 5' -mono- Ephedrine 185,1084, 1099 - Adrenomedullin 190 888, 894> 993, 1620-1621, 1334 phosphate 192 Epicardial fat 518 - Antithrombogenic factors 190 - Cytochrome P450 193 - Cyclooxygenase 190 Epidermal growth factor 221 - Biology 190 - Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid - Cytochrome b566 192 Epifascial venous system 1489, - Coagulation factors 197 193-194 - Cytochrome P450 193 1491-1493> 1497-1498, 1537> 1500, - Contracting factors 190 Endothelium-derived nitric oxide - Cytokines 191 1502-1505 - C-type natriuretic peptide 191,722 - Endothelial cells 190 Epigastric pain 1773 190 - 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutanyl - Endothelial NO-Synthase Epilepsy U03, U87, 1200, 1267, - Endothelin-1 190 coenzyme A 192 191-192 1277, 1284, 1286 1904 SUBJECT INDEX

Epinephrine 304,566, 610, - Hepatic venous pressure - Fibrillar collagen 217-218 Fibrillin 101 1047-1048,1334, 1714,1718,1723, gradient 1696, 1698 - Glycosaminoglycans 222-223 - Deficiency 87 1813-1815,1840 - Hyponatremia 1697 - Hyaluronan biosynthesis 223 Fibrin 305, 841, 1612, 1774 - Metanephrine 1048, 1054 - Limb ischemia 1697 - Integrin 25 - Fibrin formation 305-306 - Normetanephrine 1048 - Linton-Nachlas tube 1697 - Matrix glycoproteins 225 - Fibrin glue 1276, 1298 - Vanillymandelic acid 1048 - Liver transplantation 1696 - Microfibrillar collagen 219 Fibrinogen 297, 304, 306, 322, 334, Epiphenomane 1245, 1249 - Mediastinitis 1716 - Proteoglycan biosynthesis 223 780, 794, Sot, 841, 997,1391 Epiphora 1602 - Mesenteric infarction 1697 - Proteoglycans 222-223 - Fibrinogen reduction 1392 Episcleritis 1602, t6o6-1607, - Minnesota tube 1697 - Sheet-forming collagen 218 Fibrinoid necrosis 958 1763 - Mortality - Vascular calcification 225 Fibrinolysis 305, 596, 1036 Epislon -aminocaproic acid 1156 - Nitroglycerin 1697 - Vascular disease 220 - Activated protein C 2103 Epistaxis 1127,1129-1130, 1174, 1849 - Octreotide 1696-1697 Extracorporeal membrane - Factor XIII 306 - Anterior epistaxis 1129 - Odynopagia 1716 oxygenation 870 - Factor XIIIa 305 - Posterior epistaxis 1129-1130 - Perforation 1716 Extracorporeal vortex pump 868 - Fibrin 305-306 Epitheloid hemangioendo• - Pericarditis 1716 Extravascular tissue pressure 166 - Fibrin formation 305-306 thelioma 478 - Portal hypertension 1698 Eyelid edema 1849 - Fibrinogen 306 Epoprostenol I62o-I62I, 1628, - Portal venous pressure 1696, - Plasmin 306 1630 s. Prostacyclin 1698 F - Systemic fibrinolysis 1399 Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid - Portal venous pressure ' 8F-deoxyglucose 556, 571-572, 579 - Tissue plasminogen activator 193-194> 727 gradient 1697 Facial arteriovenous malforma- 306 E-prostanoid receptor-I 1756 - Portal venous sytem 1695 tions 650 - Urokinase plasminogen E-prostanoid receptor-2 1756 - Primary prohylaxis 1697 Facial flushing 1845 activator 306 E-prostanoid receptor-4 1756 - Prognosis 1696 Facial palsy 1190, 1223 Fibrinopeptide A 923 Epsilon aminocaproic 862 - Pulmonary aspiration 1597 Facial paresis 1177 Fibroblast 212, 269, 1610, 1654, 1840 Epstein-Barr virus 960,1770 - Recurrent variceal hemorrhage FAD s. Fixed array detector Fibroblast growth factor 270, 275, Eptifibatide 752 1697 Fahraeus-Lindquist effect 1334 277-278, 281, 1104 Ergometry - Red-wale signs 1698 Familial capillary hemangio- Fibroblast proliferation 735 - Selective ergometry 1369, 1373 - Risk factors 1696 matosis 1626 Fibroblastic reticular cells 73 - Treadmill ergometry 1369, - Sclerotherapy 1697,1715-1716 Familial detective apoB-100 101 Fibrodysplastic disease 18oo 1372, 1435,1437 - Secondary prophylaxis 1697 Familial hypercholesterolemia 101 Fibrogenesis 210 Ergonovine 913, 924-925 - Sengstaken-Blakemore tube Familial primary pulmonary Fibromatosis 209 Ergotamines 1338 1697 hypertension 1626 Fibromuscular dysplasia 423, 651, Ergotism 1410, 1413 - Sodium morrhuate 1716 Familial pulmonary veon-occlu• 954, 957> 1039-1040,1042,1085, Erysipelas 1505,1540-1541, - Sodium tetradecyl sulfate 1716 sive disease 1626, 1644 1094> 1172, 1292, 1303, 1338, 1408, 1544-1545 - Somatostatin 1696-1698 Familian mediterranean fever 1413,1423,1584,1587-1588,1653, Erythema chronicum migrans - Terlinpressin 1696-1697 938,954-955 1725-1726,1760-1761,1787,1789 958 - Transjugular intrahepatic Fanconi anemia 292 - Renovascular hypertension Erythema marginatum 957 portosystemic shunt 1696 Fasciosclerosis 1494, 1501 1413 Erythema nodosum 1505 - Treatment 1696-1697 Fastealth catheter m6 - Treatment 1413 Erythrocyte - Vasopressin 1696-1697 Fasudil 917-918, 924, 1168 - Fibromuscular dysplasia - Flexibility 1391-1392,1401 - f3-blocker 1698 Fat 794-799 osteogenesis imperfecta 1085 - Fragmented erythrocytes 1772 Esophagogastric junction 1683, - Essential fatty acids 795 Fibromuscular thickening 948 - Erythrocytes sludge 1772 1687 - Monounsaturated 794-795 Fibromusculo-elastic intimal Erythrocytosis 1388, 1391 Estrogens 569, 784, 786, 801, 897, - Nonesterified fatty acids 1000 proliferation 107 Erythropoietin 1037, 1048,1819 1091, 1495> 1699, 1814, 1830, - Polyunsatruated 794-795 Fibronectin 219, 225, 270, 1104, Escheriachia coli verotoxin 1770 1833-1835> 1838 - Saturated 794-795 1460, 1511 Esmolol 804, 881, 1058 - Hyperestrogenemia 1830 - Fat pattern index 1019 Fibrosclerosis 1540 Esophageal bleeding 656 ET s. Endothelin Fatty acid metabolism 571 Fibrosis 1442, 1610, 1613, 1692 Esophageal disease 1702 ET-A receptor 889, 900, 1621, FBF s. Fibroblast growth factor - Bleomycin-induced fibrosis Esophageal dysmotility 953, 1627 1756,1847 Fecal occult 1699, 1702 1630 Esophageal sclerotherapy 1700 - Antagonist 1647 Felodipine 1032,1034 - Congenital hepatic fibrosis Esophageal stricture 1716 ET-B receptor 889, 900, 1621, Felty's syndrome 1629 1707 Esophageal ulceration 1716 1756,1847 Femoral neuritis 1358 - Interstinal fibrosis 473, 481 Esophageal varices 656, 1695, - Antagonist 1647 Femoropopliteal vascular - Interstitial lung fibrosis 1616 1707, 1715-1716 Ethanol 975, 1028, 1037, 1796 prothese 607 - Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis - Acute gastrointestinal bleeding Ethanolamine aleate polidocanol Fenestrated clip 1157, 1197 1627 1698 1716 Fenfluramine-phentermine 1622 - Intestinal lymph node fibrosis - Acute variceal hemorrhage Ethibloc 1236, 1250 - Dexfenfluramine 1845 1543 1696-1697 Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer - Fenfluramine 976,1615, 1845 - Intimal fibrosis 1492, 1613 - Alcohol 1696 1202 - Phentermine 1845 - Medial fibrosis 949, 954 - ARDS 1716 Euler's equation 141 Fenoldopam 1056, 1058 - Mediastinal fibrosis 1645 - Ascitis 1697-1698 Evian classification 1638 Fentanyl 632 - Myocardial fibrosis 945,1844 - Aspiration 1716 Excitotoxicity 1071-1073 Ferromagnetic clip 1197 - Obliterative intimal fibrosis - Bacteremia 1716 Exocrine glands 1813 Fetal liver kinase 1751 1616 - Balloon tamponade 1696-1697 exophthalmos Bilateral Fever 939,941-961 - Periglomerular fibrosis 973 - Band ligation 1715-1716 exophthalmos 1606 FFT s. fast Fourier transformation - Plaque fibrosis 238 - Cardiac output 1696, 1698 Exophthalmos 1050-1051 FGF s. fibroblast growth factor - Pulmonary fibrosis 473, 481, - Child-Pugh classification 1696 External elastic lamina 221 Fibrate 799 953, 1634, 1851 - Cirrhosis 1698 External valvuloplasty 1536 Fibril-associated collagens 218 - Radiation-induced fibrosis - Complications 1697, 1716 External ventircular drainage - Collagen type XIX 218 1116 Dysphagia 1716 1228-1229 - Collagen type XV 218-219 - Retroperitoneal fibrosis 102, - Endoscopic treatment 1716 Extracellular matrix 23, 51, - Collagen type XVIII 218-219 1414,1543 Esophageal stricture 1716 217-226, 1610 - Interrupted triple helix 218 - Siderofibrosis 1501 - Esophageal ulceration 1716 - Biology 217 Fibrillar collagen 217 - Widepread interstitial fibrosis - Ethanolamine aleate polido- - Collagen biosynthesis 219 - Collagen type I 218-220, 226 1637 canol 1716 - Collagen turnover 219 - Collagen type III 218-220, 226 Fibrotic plaque 237-238 - Fluid overload 1696 - Collagens 217-220 - Collagen type V 218-220 Fibrous cap 237,328-329,1317 - Follow-up 1715 - Elastic fibers 220-221 - Collagen type VIII 218, 226 Fick principle 146, 581 - Gastroesophageal junction - Elastin biosynthesis 221 - Monomers 218 Filter 1308-1309 1697,1715 - Fibril-associated collagens 218 - Polymers 218 - TRAP filter 1308 SUBJECT INDEX

Fingertip necrosis 1412 Flumazenil 632, 641 Free radicals 84,99-100,191, 221, Gastrin 1690,1815,1844 Finite element method 348 Fluorescein 1861 247> 734, 863,868, 888,1011, 1072, Gastroduodenal bleeding 1700 Firinoid necrosis 1054 Fluorescent lamps 597 1167, 1458, 1777 Gastroesophageal junction 1697, Fistula Fluorine 18, 579 - Hydroxyl radicals 99 1715,1734 - Anterior cranial fossa dural Fluoromicrolymphography - Produced 99 Gastrointestinal bleeding 754, 1695 fistula 1131 1542-1543 - Superoxide radicals 99 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage - Aortoduodenal fistulas 1700 Fluoroscopic visualization 1124 Friedreich's ataxia 982 1695, 1716, 1730 - Aortoenteric fistula 1661, 1731 Fluoroscopy 667, 1260,1481 Frontal disconnection syndrome - Angiography 1731 - Arteriobronchial fistula 486 Fluorouracil 1846 1078 - Aortoenteric fistula 1731 - Arterioportal fistula 1695, 1731, Flushing 805, 1050 Frostbite 1358 - Arterioportal fistula 1731 1733-1734 Foam cells 95-97, 102,107, 247, - Classified 1358 - Bili duct hemorrhage 1731 - Arteriovenous fistula 89, 91, 320-322 - General hypothermia 1359 - Chronic gastrointestinal 142, 542, 6o8, 630, 1325, 1441, Focal neurological deficits 544, - Local hemorrhage 1736 1492, 1772, 1795-1796 870, 1056,1084, 1095, 1100, 1119, - Symptoms 1358 - Clinical presentation 1731 - Brescia-Cimino fistula 1470, 1125, 1135, 1166, 1222, 1249, FSH 1811, 1826, 1830, 1864 - Embolectomy 1733 1474-1476 1285-1286 s. Follicle-stimulating hormone - Hematemesis 1731 - Coronary fistula 1563 Fogarty catheter 1533 Fulcrum-type clip 1197 - Intraperitoneal hemorrhage - Extrallepatic arterioportal Foilc acid 1495 Full metal jacket syndrome 88o 1731 fistula 1734 Follicle-stimulating hormone Furosemide 610, 86o, 1103,1224, - Melena 1731 - fistula 1470, 1478 s.FSH 1754 - Mesenteric pharmaco- - Intrallepatic arterioportal Fontaine classification 152,393 angiography 1732 fistula 1734 Fontan-type circulation 1563 G - Pancreatic hemorrhage 1731 - Lymphatic fistula 1536, 1675 Food 780,793 y-aminobutyric acid 177 - Pancreatic pseudocysts 1731 - Lymphocutaneous fistula 1542, Foot care 1438 y-carboxyglutamic acid 225 - Portal hypertension 1731 1544-1545 Foot ulcer 1347 y-interferon 211 - Rectal bleedung 1731 - Perimedullary arteriovenous Foreign body embolization 1480 GABA s. y-aminobutyric acid - Transcatheter embolization fistula 1259-1261 - Device embolization 1485 Gadolinium 639,1550, 1656, 1872 1730 - Rectovaginal fistulae 1723 - Infarction 1480 GAG s. Glycosaminoglycan - Vasopressin infusion therapy - Sigmoid sinus dural fistula - Thrombotic vessel occlusion Gallium 579 1732 1131 1480 Gamma knife 1269-1271,1274, Gastrointestinal myenteric plexus - Spinal dural arteriovenous - Vessel spasm 1480 1289 1815 fistula 1141, 1253-1257 Foreign body retrieval 1480 Gamma-ray photons 578 Gastrointestinal ulcers 1407, 1512, - Tracheoinnominate fistula - Active infection 1481 Gangrene 81, 94,1365-1366, 1381, 1698-1699, 1716-1718 1576 - Air embolism 1481 1403, 1405, 1408-1410, 1414, - Adenocarcinoma 1698 - Transverse sinus dural fistula - Botter retrieval basket 1481 1433-1435> 1438,1459, 1504 - Angina pectoris 1699 1131 - Catheter fragments 1484 - Dry gangrene 1410, 1433 - Antibiotics 1699 - Ureteroarterial fistula 1858 - Clot embolism 1481 - Moist 1410 - Bipolar electrocoagulation - Vertebral jugular fistula 1133 - Coronary guidewire fragments - Visceral gangrene 1741 1718 Fitzgerald factor 296 1483 - Gangrenous toes 1668 - Bloody vomiting 1699 Flavectomy 1254 - Coronary stents 1483 Garden hose 719 - Clear based ulcers 1718 Flavobacterium heparinum 207 - Devices 1481 Gastric antral vascular ectasia - Complications 1718 Fletcher factor 296 - Endocarditis 1481 1699,1718 - Dizziness 1699 Floppy-tipped guidewire 1309 - Fluoroscopy 1481 - Autoimmune disease 1699 - Dyspnea 1699 Flow derived index 130 - Foreign body embolization - Bipolar electrocauterization - Endoscopic treatment 1717 Flow motion 1335-1337 1480 1718 - Epinephrine 1718 - Fast-wave vasomotion 1336 - Hemopericardium 1481 - Complications 1718 - Fecal occult blood test 1699 - Slow-wave flow motion 1335, - Indication for removal 1481 - Connective tissue disease 1699 - Foul odor 1699 1337 - Intravascular foreign bodies - Estrogene 1699 - Gastric bleeding 1699 Flow velocity 1391 1480 - Heater probe therapy 1718 - Guillotine technique 1718 Flowwaves 116-117 - Intravascular ultrasound 1481 - Hypothyroidism 1699 - Heater probe 1718 Flow-directed catheter 1116, 1136 - Kinking 1484 - Iron-deficiency anemia 1718 - Helicobacter pylori 1698-1699, Fluctuating velocity 79 - Knotting 1484 - Nd:YAG laser 1718 1718 Fluid mechanics 139 - Localization 1481 - Octreotide 1699 - Hematemesis 1699 - Bernoulli equation 141, 146 - Retrieval forceps 1482 - Pernicious anemia 1699 - Injection technique 1718 - Bulk flow 139 - Sepsis 1481 - Photocoagulation 1718 - Lymphoma 1698 - Convection 139 - Shunt closure devices 1485 - Primary biliary cirrhosis 1699 - NSAID 1698 - Energy balance 141 - Snare catheters 1482 - Progesterone 1699 - Proton-pump inhibitors 1718 - Euler's equation 141 - Thrombosis 1481 - Raynaud's syndrome 1699 - Symptoms 1699 - Flow pulsatility 140 Foreign material embolism 476 - Sclerodactyly 1699 - Thermal technique 1718 - Hemodynamic 138 Foreign-body granulomas 1617 - Sicca syndrome 1699 - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - Hemolysis 140 Fosinopril 8o6, 1001 - Transjugular intrallepatic 1698-1699 - Inertial forces 139 Fosphenytoin 1100 portosystemic shunt 1699 Gastrointestinal vascular disease - Kinetic energy 141 Foul odor 1699 Gastric bleeding 1699 1681 - Laminar flow 139-140 Fourier analysis 117 Gastric carcinoma 475, 1519 - Acute mesenteric ischemia - Mechanical energy 141 - Cardiac frequency 117 Gastric mucosal hemorrhage 1701 - Navier-Stokes equation 139, - Fourier decomposition 117 1732 - Acute pancreatitis 1695, 1703 141,142 - Fundamental frequency 117 Gastric perforation 1719 - Acute variceal hemorrhage - Newton's law 140 Fourier decomposition 117 Gastric ulcer 1354 1696-1697 - Periodic nature 141 Fourier transform 400, Gastric varices 1699-1700, 1716 - Adenocarcinoma 1698 - Potential energy 141 599-600 - Band ligation 1700, 1716 - Alcohol 1696 - Reynolds number So, 84, 90, Fractional flow reserve 702, - Complication 1716 - Anatomy 1683 139-141 707-711,789,824 - Cyanoacrylate glue 1716 - Angiomata 1719-1721, 1723 - Steady flow 139 Framingham point scoring sys• - Endoloops 1716 - Angiosarcoma 1708 - Turbulence 139 tem 502 - Esophageal sclerotherapy 1700 - Antrectomy 1699 - Turbulent flow 139 Framingham Study 3-10, 85, 780, - Gastroduodenal bleeding 1700 - Aortic dissection 1730 - Velocity profile 139-144 996, 1011, 1019,1026, 1076,1316, - Prognosis 1700 - Aortoduodenal fistulas 1700 - Viscous forces 139 1364, 1459, 1832,1834 - Risk factors 1700 - Arterial-portal fistula 1695 - Viscous term 139 Frank-Starling mechanism 719 - Symptoms 1700 - Bacterial cholangitis 1704 - Womersley number 141 Free electrons 596 - Transjugular intrahepatic - Blue rubber bleb neuve syn- Fluid overload 1696 Free fatty acids 571 portosystemic shunt 1700 drome 1709 1906 SUBJECT INDEX

Gastrointestinal vascular disease - Portal hypertensive bleeding - Transjugular intral!epatic Giant cells 942-944,1411, 1506, - Budd-Chirai syndrome 1689, 1690 portasystemic shunt 1691 1760 1692, 1704-1705 - Portal hypertensive gastro• Gastrojejunostomy 1734 Gianturco-Rosch Zigzag stent Cameron-Higgins lesions pathy 1699-1700 Gaze palsy 1222-1223 1471,1473-1474 1698,1718-1719 - Portal vein thrombosis 1692, GEA 3,62 s. 3-aryl-substituted Gla s. y-carboxyglutamic acid Caput medusae 1687 1695,1705 oxatriazole imine Glanzmann's thrombastenia 304 Celiac trunk aneurysms 1708 - Radiation proctitis 1703,1723 GEA 3175 s. 3-aryl-substituted Glasgow Coma Scale 1099, 1162, Cherry-red spots 1684 - Recurrent variceal hemorrhage oxatriazole sulfonyl chloride 1166-1167, 1223-1224 Child-Pugh classification 1696 1697 Gelatin 1392 Glasgow outcome 1147, 1162, Chronic mesenteric ischemia - Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome Gelatin sponge 1733 1166-1167 1701 1709 Gelfoam 1127, 1276 Glaukoma 1130 Colonic ischemia 1702, - Schistosomiasis 1692 Gemfibrozil 1000 Glibenclamide 727, 999 1725-1726 - Secondary biliary cirrhosis Genetic embryology 36 Globulin 1539 Colonic ulcer 1702 1704 - Alagille syndrome 43 Glomerular arteriovenous Common hepatic artery - Splanchnic artery aneurysms - Angiogenesis 36 malformation 1257 aneurysms 1708 1708 - Aortic coarctation 41 - Diagnosis 1257 Crohn's disease 1686 - Splenic vein thrombosis 1692, - Aortic dilatation 42 - Hemorrhage 1257 Dieulafoy lesions 1699, 1718, 1695 - Aortic valve malformation 42 - Treatment 1257, 1259 1732 - Splenomegaly 1703 - Arteriovenous shunt 41 Glomerular blood flow 1754 Diverticula 1722-1723 - Superior hemorrhoidal system - Bicuspid aortic valve 41 Glomerular enlargement 1777 Diverticular bleeding 1703 1686 - Char syndrome 44 Glomerular filtration rate 1039, Duodenal ulcer 1700 - Therapeutic endoscopes 1712 - DiGeorge syndrome 43 1056,1755-1756,1768,1772,1775, Endoscopic devices 1712 - Therapy 1715 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 42 1776 Endovascular treatment 1712 - Transjugular intra!Iepatic - Gridlock 41 Glomeruli Esophageal varices 1695, portosystemic shunt 1696, - Hypoplastic left heart - Corticomedullary junction 1715-1716 1699-1700 syndrome 41 1751 Esophagogastric junction - Variceal hemorrhage 1683, - Lymphangiogenesis 40 - Juxtamedullary glomeruli 68, 1683,1687 1691,1696 - Marfan's syndrome 42 1751 Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - Veno-occlusive disease 1705 - Patent ductus arteriosus 44 - Midcortial glomeruli 1751 1695 - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - Proliferation 38 Glomerulonephritis 359, 1039, Esophagus varices 1695 1698-1699 - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 44 1058,1757-1758 Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastrointestinal vascular - Supraventricular aortic - Diffus mesagiocapillary 1699> 1718 physiology 1688 stenosis 41 glomerulonephritis 1767 Gastric varices 1699-1700 - Anesthesia 1692 - Tetralogy of Fallot 37 - Diffuse necrotizing glomeru• Gastrointestinal bleeding 1695 - Autoregulation of liver blood - Vascular growth defects 44 lonephritis 1765 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage flow 1690 - Vascular myogenesis 36 - Focal necrotizing glomeru• 1695> 1730 - Carbon monoxide 1689 - Vasculogenesis 38 lonephritis 1600-1601, Gastrointestinal ulcers - Computed tomography 1691 - Vasodilation 38 1764-1765 1698-1699 - Direct portal pressure - Velocardiofacial syndrome 43 - Focal proliferative glomeru• Helicobacter pylori 1685, measurement 1691 - Vessel maintenance 39 lonephritis 1765 1698-1699 - Doppler flowmetry 1691 - William's syndrome 41, 42 - Focal segmental glomeru• Hematemesis 1704 - Endothelial regulation 1689 Genetics 101 lonephritis 1765, 1767 Hemobilia 1704 - Endothelin 1689 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - Lupus membranous glomeru• Hemoperitoneum 1704 - Hepatic artery blood flow s. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome lonephritis 1767-1768 Hemorrhoids 1703, 1723 2689 - Familial detective apoB-100 - Membranoproliferative Hepatic abscesses 1704 - Hepatic blood flow 1690-1691 101 glomerulonephritis 1766 Hepatic artery stenosis 1704 - Hepatic extraction ratio deter- - Familial hypercholesterolemia - Necrotizing leukocytoclastic Hepatic artery thrombosis mination 1691 101 angiitis 1764 1704 - Hepatic resistance 1689 - Type III hyperlipoproteinemia - Pauci-immune glomeru• Heptic allograft rejection 1707 - Hepatic sinusoid 1688-1689, 101 lonephritis 1764 Hereditary hemorrhagic 1691 Genitourinary vascular disease - Rapidly progressive glomeru• teleangiectasia 1709 - Hepatic stellate 1689 1855 lonephritis 1606, 1766-1767 Hiatal hernia 1698 - Hepatic venous pressure - Acute scrotal vascular disease Glomerulosclerosis Inferior hemorrhoidal system gradient 1691, 1695 1861-1862 - Chronic glomerulosclerosis 1686 - Hepatocellular function 1691 - Pelvic arteriovenous 1777 - Intestinal hemangiomas - Hepatocytes 1689 aneurysms 1857 - Focal glomerulosclerosis 1775 1708-1709 - Kupffer cells 1688-1689 - Renal angiomyolipomas 1858 - Focal segmental glomeru- - Intestinal ulcer 1700-1701 - Magnetic resonance imaging - Renal cell carcinoma 1858 losclerosis 1776-1777 - Intestinal vasculitis 1708 1691 - Retroperitoneal vascular - Segmental glomerulosclerosis - Intraductal gallstones 1704 - Mesenteric vasoregulation disease 1857 1775 - Linear gastric erosions 1698 1690 - Retroperitoneal venous Glomus tumor 650, 1128 - Liver cirrhosis 1689, - Neurohumoral regulation hemangiomas 1858 Glossopharyngeal neuralgia 1300 1695-1696, 1705 1689 - Ureteroarterial fistula 1858 Glucagon 1815, 1844 - Liver transplantation 1696, 1699 - Nitric oxide 1689 - testis 1863-1863 - Glucagon provocative test - Lymphoma 1698 - Peribiliary plexus 1689 - Vascular erectile dysfunction 1049 - Mallory-Weiss tear 1716 - Pericyte 1689 1867-1873 Glucocorticoids 901,1045, 1604, - Meckel's diverticulum 1685 - Portal hypertension 1690-1693 Geographic map 561 1606-1607, 1708, 1811, 1814, 1827, - Mesenteric infarction 1697 - Portal pressure 1691 Geometric magnification 895 1840,1852 Mesenteric ischemia - Portal pressure measurement Geriatric syndrome 1459 - Glucocorticoid synthesis 1839 1701-1702,1725-1726 1691 Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Glucose - Mid aortic syndrome 1726 - Portal resistance 1691 disease 1098 - Hyperglycemia 995-998, 1003, - Occult gastrointestinal - Portocaval shunting 1690 Gestational diabetes 999 1011, 1045, 1048, 1823 bleeding 1702 - Portosystemic collateral Gestational hypertension 1058 - Hypoglycemia 861, 999, 1003, - Orthotopic liver transplant circulation 1690-1691 GFR s. Glomerular filtration rate 1048, 1089, 1842, 1849 1704-1705 - Postprandial hyperemia 1690 GH s. Growth hormone - Impaired glucose tolerance - Peliosis hepatis 1707 - Regulation of mesenteric blood GH deficiency 1826 995-996,1000,1827, 1830 Percutaneous approach 1725 flow 1690 GH-releasing hormone 1823 - Metabolism 572, 1089 Physiology 1688 - Reticuloendothelial system arteritis 357, 360-362, - Monitoring 999, 1004 Portal hypertension 1684-1685, 1689 936, 938-941,1339, 1422, 1576, - Transport 996 1690-1693> 1695> 1709 - Splanchnic circulation 1690 1599,1608,1708,1762-1763 Glucuronic acid 207 SUBJECT INDEX 1907

Glutamate 177 - Graft infection 1678 Hashimoto's disease 1820-1821 Hemiataxia 384 Glutathione 900, 996 - Graft instability 462 HbA1c 999,1001-1003,1011,1387 Hemichorea 384 - Peroxidase 734 - Graft migration 462 HBEGF s. Heparin-binding Hemidysesthesia 1086 Glycerine 177 - Graft thrombosis 462 epidermal-like growth factor Hemidystonia 384 Glycerol injection 1297 - Infrainguinal bypass graft HBV 357,1708 Hemifacial spasm 1298-1300 Glycerol trinitrate 1728 1438,1440 HCV 357,1708 - Diagnosis 1299 Glycoprotein lib/lila 304-305, - Kinking 1578,1743-1744 - HCV antibody 937 - Microvascular decompression 628 - Perigraft inflammatory 1669 - HCVRNA 937 1299-1301 Glycoprotein lib/lila inhibitor - Persistent endoleak 462, 1665 HDL 780-781,784, 793-801,888, - Neurotomy 1299 752-753. 760, 763-769, 826-827, - PTFE 1430, 1453, 1470, 1589, 893, 898, 995, 997-998, 1000, - Therapy 1299 829, 842-850, 867, 1118, 1125, 1591, 1743> 1803 1012, 1023, 1036,1076,1830, 1833, Hemilaminectomy 1289 1310, 1324, 1759 - Saphenous vein graft 828, 881, 1835> 1837 Hemiparesis 384,1078-1079, Glycosaminoglycans 207, 222-225 943,947,1591,1800,1802 Head injury 580, 1292, 1517 1102-1103,1177,1180,1288,1293 - Biglycan 224, 226 - Single-limb graft 1578, 1581 Head trauma 1512 - Contralateral hemiparesis 1191 - Biosynthesis 223 - Synthetic grafts 18oo, 1802 Headache 805, 941,958, 1024, - Porgressive hemiparesis 1187 - Chondroitin-6-sulphate - Talent stent -graft system 1663 1050, 1056, 1095. 1100, 1102, 1125, Hemiplegia 1218, 1411, 1517, 1849 222-226 - Teflon graft 18oo 1127, 1135, 1165, 1169, 1203, 1223, Hemobilia 1704, 1733-1734 - Coagulation cascade 223 - Teflon strip 1671 1246,1249, 1284-1285,1313,1517, Hemoblastoses 1413 - Decorin 223-226 - T -graft 863, 882 1773, 1777. 1849 - Acral necrosis 1414 - Dermatan sulfate 222-224 - Vein graft 1565 Heart failure 159,596, 614, 638, - Atypical superficial thrombo- - Function 222 - Vein graft stenosis 1443, 1445 695.736,888,987-994,1058 1414 - Heparan sulfate 222-226 - Virtual endograft 462 - Afterload 159 - Burning pain 1414 - Hyaluronan 222-223 - Y-graft 863, 882 - Arterial wall mechanics 159 - Deep vein thrombosis 1414 - Keratan sulphate 223-226 Graft-to-host artery 142 - Chronic heart failure Endo- - Essential thrombocytosis 1413 - Platelet-derived growth factor - Hemodynamic 142 thelin 726 - Patchy redness 1414 223 Granulocyte -colony - Congestive heart failure 726, - Polycythemia vera 1413 - Smooth muscle cell 222-226 stimulating factor 211 749, 855, 943-945, 948, 952, 1016, - Symptoms 1414 - Structure 222 Granulocyte-monocyte colony- 1021, 1033.1266, 1698, 1823-1824, Hemoclips 1718 - Syndecan-1 223,226 stimulating factor 270, 276 1830,1840, 1847-1848, 1851 Hemoconcentration 1773 - Transforming growth factor-f3 Granulomatous arteriopathy 1616 Heart transplantation 603, Hemodialysis 1772 223 Granulomatous arteritis 360 945-946, 1823 Hemodialysis access dysfunction - Trugor 222 Granulomatous infections 473 Heart-lung machine 862 1470 - Vascular matrix 222 Granulovesicular debris 95 HEAS 1392 - Aspiration thrombectomy - Versican 223-226 Granulovesicular degeneration 81 Heat shock proteins 902 1476 Glycosylation-dependent cell Graves' disease 1050-1051,1811, Heater probe coagulation 1713, - Balloon angioplasty 1475-1476 adhesion molecule-1 938 1820 1718-1720 - Brescia-Cimino fistula 1470, GMCSF s. Granulocyte Gregg phenomenon 719 Heberden's angina 380 s. Angina 1474-1476 macrophage-colony stimulat• GRH 1849 Heifetz-Week spring clip 1157 - Chronic occlusion 1475 ing factor Grollmann catheter 656 Helicobacter pylori 102-103,329, - Diagnosis 1470 GM-CSF s. Granulocyte-mono- Growth hormone 1811, 1823-1825, 336, 1685, 1698-1699. 1718 - Directional atherectomy 1474 cyte colony-stimulating factor 1850,1854 Helium ion showed 1289 - Endoluminal thrombus Gn-RH 1864 Grudel technique 596 HELLP syndrome 1773-1774 fragmentation 1477 Gn-RH stimulation test 1864 Griintzig catheter 820 Helminthic parasites 1616 - Follow up 1478 Gonadotropin 1826 Gsell and Erdheim 1654 HEMA s. 2-Hydroxyethyl - Fresh thrombosis 1475 Goodpasture's syndrome GTP-binding proteins G,_3 190 methacrylate - Gore-Tex implant shunts 1473 357-358,483,1762,1766-1768 Guglielmi detachable coil Hemangioblast 22-23, 244, 276 - Hemodialysis fistula 1470, 1478 Gorlin equation 146 1142-1148, 1158,1172,1186, 1196, - Differentiation 244 - Hydrodynamic thrombectomy GOT s. Aspartate aminotransferase 1200, 1202, 1204, 1243 - Theory 22 1476-1478 Gottron's papules 952 Guidewire 703, 1307, 1380 Hemangioblastoma 89, 1253, - Intimal hyperplasia 1471, 1475 G-protein 197, 205 - Amplatz guidewire 1309 1260,1263 - Local thrombolysis 1475 Grafts 462 - Atraumatic tip 1117 Hemangioma 89, 1735-1736 - Mechanlical thrombectomy - Ancure endograft system 1663 - Bentson 1117 - Cavernous hemangioma 89, 1475 - Aneurx stent -graft system - Floppy-tipped guidewire 1309, 1103-1105, 1253 - Metallic endoprotheses 1471 1662 1659,1788 - Cutaneous hemangiomas 1709 - Pulmonary embolization 1477 - Aortic graft 1676, 1678 - Hydrophilic guidewire 1396, - Intestinal hemangiomas - Restenosis 1471, 1473-1474 - Autograft 1004 1428, 1476,1659, 1728, 1788 1708-1709 - Shunt dysfunction 1475 - Bifemoral crossover graft 1678 - Hydrophilic-coated Terumo Hemangiopericytoma 478 - Shunt thrombosis 1475,1478 Bifurcated graft 462,1578, 1581, wire 1117 Hematemesis 1699, 1704, 1731 Stenotic lesion 1470 1676 - J-shaped guidewire 1115 Hematocele 1861 - Strecker-Nitinol endoprotheses - Bifurcated stent-graft - Microguidewire 1116, 1118, 1120, Hematochezia 1702 1471 1662-1663 1124,1131 Hematoidin 1096 - Treatment 1470, 1474-1475 - Bypass graft 943 - Rosen guidewire 1788 Hematokrit 1391-1392 Hemodilution 862, 1090, 1121, 1391 - Collagen-coated knitting graft - TAD II wire 1788, 1791 Hematoma 321, 324, 668, 1095, - Albumin 1392 1581 - Tip motion 662 1125, 1162, 1164, 1218,1224, 1246, - Anaphylactoid reaction 1391 - Composite graft 1565 - Torqueable guidewire 1659 1249, 1325, 1381-1382 - Antidextran antibody 1391 - Compression 1578 - Guidewire tip 661 - Intracerebral 1164-1166,1195, - Blood flow velocity 1392 - Dacron graft 1565, 1567, 1569, Guillian-Barre syndrome 1020, 1200,1204 - Cardiac output 1392 1578,1580-1581,1586,1589,1591, 1058,1842 - Intracranial 1181 - Colloidal agents 1391 1743, 1800, 1803 Guillotine technique 1718 - Retroperitoneal hematoma - Gelatin 1392 - Dacron interposition graft Gylcogenosis Type I 1292 1677,1792 - HEAS 1392 1440 Gynecomastia 1051 Hematomyelia 1141 - Hyperoncotic effect 1391 - Delayed graft function 1769 Hematopoiesis 244, 277 - Hypervolemic hemodilution - Endoleaks 463, 1557,1662, H Hematuria 1359,1761-1763,1765, 1391-1392 1665-1666 H2 -antagonist 610 1776-1777> 1857-1859 - Hypovolemia 1392 - En do luminal stent -grafting Hach's classsification 1529 - Frank hematuria 1761, 1763 - Isovolemic hemodilution 1392 166o Hagen-Poiseuille equation 163, - Microscopic hematuria 1763, - Low-molecular-weight dextran - Endovascular repair 462 165,1168 1766,1772 1391 - Gore excluder endovascular Hagen-Poiseuille's law 1334,1869 Hemianopia 544, 1077, 1086, 1222, - Peripheral resistance 1392 stent graft 1663 Hampton's hump 1634 1517 - Reactive hyperemia 1391 - Graft failure 1443 Hand-grip test 925 - Bitemporal hemianopia 1191 - Volume expander 1391 1908 SUBJECT INDEX

Hemodynamic 78, 8o, 138 Hemorrhage 382, 357, 871, - Inferior hemorrhoidal vascular - Heparin 297,305 - Anastomotic geometries 142 1133-ll35> 1243-1244> 1249-1251, plexus 1703 - Inhibitors 289 - Aneurysm 148 1257> 1265, 1285, 1288, 1293> 1382, - Perirectal infections 1723 - Initial phase 288 - Aorta 143 1614 - Photocoagulation 1703 - International Normalized Ratio - Aortic valve stenosis 146 - Acute variceal hemorrhage - Portal hypertension 1703 291 - Arterial blood flow 143 1696-1697 - Prolapsing tissue 1723 - Intrinsic coagulation pathways - Arterial stenosis 147 - Adrenal hemorrhage 1811, - Radiofrequent coagluation 1723 197 - Atherosclerosis 148 1850-1851 - Rubber band ligation 1723 - Intrinsic tenase 293, 297-300 - Bernoulli equation 141, - Alveolar hemorrhage 1763 - Sclerotherapy 1703, 1723 - Kininogen 296 146-147 - Bili duct hemorrhage 1731 - Superior hemorrhoidal - Leukocytes 302-303 - Branching 142 - Cerebral hemorrhage 97, 1276, vascular plexus 1703 - Megakaryocytes 304 - Carotid bifurcation 143 1842 Hemosiderin 953, uo4, 1282-1283, - Meizothrombin 300-301 - Curvature 142 - Cervical intramedullary 1285,1289, 1613 - Molecular biology 287 - Effect of flow pulsatility 140 hemorrhage 1266 - Peripheral 536 - Oral anticoagulants 291 - Effect of vessel geometry 141 - Chronic gastrointestinal Hemosiderosis ll41, 1501-1502, - Overview 288 - Energy balance 141 hemorrhage 1736 1613 - Parahemophilia 296 - Flow characterization 148 - Fetal hemorrhage 1519 Hemostasis 287-306, 887 - Partial thromboplastin time - Fluid mechanics 139 - Gastric mucosal hemorrhage - Activated protein C 288, 293, 299 - Hemodynamic indices 127 1732 301 - Participants 289 - Hemodynamic stress 79, 81, - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage - Anticoagulant proteins 289 - Phenprocoumon 291 86, 90,104 1695, 1700, 1719, 1730 - Antiliemophilic factor A 296 - Plasmin 289, 295 - Load 1504 - Gonadal hemorrhage 1849 - Antithrombin III 288, 297, 301 - Plasminogen activator in- - Pathology 8o - in Cerebrovascluar disease - Bernard-Soulier syndrome hibitor-! 301-302,305-306 - Quantification 148 382 304 - Platelet activating factor 304 - Steady flow 139 - Intra-alveolar hemorrhage - Cellular biology 287 - Platelets 303-305 - Through aortic valve 143 1766 - Cellular contribution 301 - Prekallikrein 296 - Vascular disease 146 - Intracerebral hemorrhage 761, - Christmas factor 292 - Prethrombin 300-301 - Venous blood flow 145 973> 1095-1099> ll83, 1217-1232, - Coagulation cascade 223, 754, - Procoagulant proteins 289 Hemodynamic indices 127 1265-1267, 1277> 1293 841 - Proconvertin 292 - Arterial compliance 127 - Intracranial hemorrhage 630, - Coagulation factors 191, 197 - Properties of coagulation - Input impedance 127, 129 ll73, 1270, 1293 - Coagulation therapy 1716 proteins 289 - Wave separation 127 - Intramedullary hemorrhage - Coagulopathy 870 - Protein C 197 Hemoglobin u62, 1620 1257> 1263, 1285 - Cofactors 293 - Protein C 290, 293, 301 - Deoxyhemoglobin 1222 - Intramural hemorrhage u69 - Coumadin 291 - Protein C deficiency 293, 1494, - Methemoglobin 1222 - Intraperitoneal hemorrhage - Cytokines 197 1520 - Oxyhemoglobin 1222 1731 - Dermatan sulfate 301 - Protein S 197 Hemoglobin S 1776 - Intrarenal hemorrhage 1787 - Dicumarol 291 - Protein S 290, 293, 301, 1494, Hemoglobinuria uo2 - Intraventricular hemorrhage - Disseminated intravascular 1520 Hemolysis 140 U82-ll83, 1276-1277,1293,1295 coagulation 293, 296 - Protein S deficiency 293 Hemolytic uremic syndrome - Microhemorrhage 1282, 1285 - Endothelium 302 - Protein Z 290, 293 1765,1769 - Pancreactic hemorrhage 1731 - Enzymes 289 - Protein Z deficiency 293 - Acute gastroenteritis 1770 - Pancreaspseudocyst hemor- - Epinephrine 304 - Prothrombin 290, 292 - Anemia 1771 rhage 1734 - Extrinsic coagulation pathways - Prothrombin time 291, 299 - Classification 1770 - Pancreatic duct hemorrhage 197 - Prothrombinase 293, 295, - Clinical features 1770 1734 - Extrinsic tenase 288, 292, 294, 298-301 - Colectomy 1771 - Peritoneal hemorrhage 1708 297-300 - Scott syndrome 304 - Cyclosporine 1771 - Pituitary hemorrhage 1849 - Factor II 292, 1512 - Serotonin 304 - Escheriachia coli verotoxin - Pulmonary hemorrhage 362 - Factor IIa 15ll - Stoichiometric protein 1770 - Recurrent variceal hemorrhage - Factor IX 290, 292, 1512 inhibitors 292, 299 - Etiology 1770 1697 - Factor V 294-296,301,305, - Stuart factor 292 - Interleukin-1 1771 - Rehemorrhage 1269 1091 - Termination phase 288 - Interleukin-8 1771 - Renal hemorrhage 1795 - Factor V deficiency 296 - Thrombembolic disease 293 - Ischemic colitis 1771 - Retroperitoneal hemorrhage Factor V Leiden 296, 1494, 1513, - Thrombin 288-301 - Management 1771 1857 1516,1520 - Thrombin receptor 198 - Microangiopathic anemia 1769 - Subarachnoid hemorrhage - Factor VII 290, 292, 997, 1512 - Thrombin-activatable - Microvascular thrombosis 1771 427, 1257> 1295 - Factor VIla 288, 292, 294, 301 fibrinolysis inhibitor 294 - Nephrectomy 1771 - Thyroid hemorrallage 1849 - Factor VIII 294-296,301, - Thrombmodulin 294 - Pathogenesis 1770 - Vascular Immunobiology 354 305-306,997-998,1495, 15ll, - Thromboplasmin 292 - Pathology 1770 - Vasculitis 358 1520 - Thrombosis 293, 296 - Plasminogen activator Hemorrhagic - Factor X 290, 292, 1494, 1512 - Thromboxane A2 304 inhibitor-! 1771 - Hemorrhagic colitis 1703 - Factor Xa 288, 295,304-305, - Tissue factor 197, 288, 293-294, - Prostacyclin 1771 - Hemorrhagic cysts 1217 15ll 302 - Shigatoxin 1770, 1772 - Hemorrhagic diathesis 1729, - Factor XI 296, 305 - Tissue factor pathway inhibitor - Splenectomy 1771 1851 - Factor XII 296 288,297 - Therapy 1771 - Hemorrhagic necrosis 1861 - Factor XIII 297,301,305-306 - Tissue plasminogen activator - Thrombocytopenia 1769 - Hemorrhagic pulmonary - Factor XIIIa 305 289,302 - TNF-{3 1771 edema 1628 - Fibrin formation 305-306 - Urokinase plasminogen - Verotoxin receptor 1771 - Hemorrhagic shock 641, 1672 - Fibrin-306 activator 289, 302 - Vincristine 1771 - Hemorrhagic stroke 1099 - Fibrinogen 297, 304 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 197 - Von-Willebrand factor - Hemorrhagic vasculitis 939 - Fibrinolysis 305-306 - Vitamin K deficiency 293 1770-1772 Hemorrheologic therapy 1391 - Fitzgerald factor 296 - Vitamin K-dependent - Weibel-Palade bodies 1770 Hemorrhoidectomy 1703 - Fletcher factor 296 processes 291 Hemopericardium 1481 Hemorrhoids 1703, 1707, 1723 - Glanzmann's thrombastenia - Vitamin K-dependent proteins Hemoperitoneum 1704 - Anemia 1723 304 290-291, 298 Hemophilia 1099 - Band ligation 1703 - Glycoprotein lib/Ilia 304-305 - Von Willebrand factor 197, 296, - Hemophilia A 292, 296, 299 - Complications 1723 - G-protein 197 304 - Hemophilia B 292, 299 - Cryotherapy 1703, 1723 - Hemophilia A 292, 296, 299 - Warfarin 56, 197,253, 296,304, - Hemophilia C 296 - Electrocoagulation 1703 - Hemophilia B 292, 299 691,756, 892,996-998, 1337> 15ll, Hemoptysis 488, 491, 1601, 1608, - Hemorrhoidectomy 1703 - Hemophilia C 296 1770-1772,1834 1614, 1763, 1766 - Impotence 1723 - Heparan sulfate 297, 301, 305 Hemothorax 485 SUBJECT INDEX

Hemotochezia 1708 Brain herniation 1139 - Metabolic syndrome X 1833 - Congenital hypercoagulability Henoch-Schonlein purpura - Transtentorial herniation 1218 - Methylprogesterone acetat 1494 357, 360, 363, 936, 949, 955, - Upward herniation 1228 1834-1835 - Elevated factor VIII 1495, 1520 1599-1600,1607-1608,1708, Heroin 781, 1083, 1617 - Oral contraceptive 1833-1834 - Estrogene 1495 1761-1766 HGF s. Hepatocyte growth factor - Progesterone 1833 - Factor V Leiden mutation Creatinine 1765 Hiatal hernia 1698 - Progestin 1834-1835 1494,1520 - Cyclophosphamide 1765 Hibernating myocardium 732, - P-selectin 1834 - Factor X 1494 - Dipyridamole 1765 735· 828, 989 - Raloxifen 1835 - Hormon replacement 1495 - End-stage renal failure 1765 High-density lipoproteins. HDL - Testosterone 1837-1838 - Hyperhomocysteinemia 1495 - Focal proliferative glomeru- High-energy electrons 593 - Venous thromboembolism - Lupus anticoagulant 1520 lonephritis 1765 High-output failure 1139, 1539, 1835 - Malignancy 1494 - HLA B35 1765 1542 Hormonal analogs 1853 - Oral contraception 1494 - HUS 1765 Hippel-Lindau's disease 89,1263 - Angiopeptin 1853 - Phlebitis 1494 - IgA nephropathy 1765 Hirsutism 1083, 1840 - Dehydroepiandrosterone 1853 - Progesterone 1495 - Immune complex 1765 Hirudin 756, 844,1511 - Desmopressin 1853 - Protein C deficiency 1494,1520 - Methylprednisolone 1765 Histamine 191, 195, 723, 913-916, - Growth hormone 1854 - ProteinS deficiency 1494, 1520 - Pathogenesis 1765 925, 993· 1334, 1690, 1844 - in vascular disease 1853 - Prothrombin 20210A mutation - Pathology 1765 Histidine-rich glycoprotein 1511 Horner's syndrome 426,1079,1576 1494,1520 - Polymeric immunoglobulin A, Histiocytes 942 Horseshoe kidney 1678 - Thrombin-antithrombin 1765 Histology 50 Horton's disease 1411 complex 1494 - Prednisolone 1765 - Arteries 51, 71 s. Arteries Hounsfield units 581 - Thrombophilia 1494 - Prognosis 1765 - Lamina propria intimae 51 HU s. Hounsfield units - Thrombosis 1494-1495 - Treatment 1765 - Stratum subendotheliale 51 Hughes-Stovin syndrome 481, - Tissue factor 1494 Heparan sulfate 198,207, 222-226, - Tunica externa 51-56 486,1708 - Venous thromboembolism 297,301,305, 691 - Tunica interna 51-56 Human immunodeficiency virus 1494 Heparin 198, 211, 297, 305, 632, 758, - Tunica media 51-56 s.HIV Hypercoagulable state 1821 841-848, 862, 882, 886, 891, 896, - Vasa privata 51 Human visual system 597 Hyperemia 557-558 923, 1057, 1090,1098,1103, 1116, - Vasa publica 51 Hunt and Hess classification Hyperemic perfusion gradient 1118-1119,1121,1125-1127,1131, - Vasa vasorum 51 1100,1147,1162,1166-1167,1193, 567 1143, 1204, 1310, 1323, 1358, 1393, Histomechanicallaw 77 1195-1197 Hyperhidrosis 1047,1544 1399, 1473, 1505, 1580,1664, 1669, HITs. Heparin-induced thrombo- HUS s. Hemolytic uremic Hyperkalemia 1039, 1842, 1851 1676, 1678, 1728, 1821 cytopenia syndrome Hyperkeratosis 1390 Heparin-binding epidermal-like HIV 1770 Hyaluronan 222-223 Hyperkinetic syndrome 1824 growth factor 251 - Medial hypertrophy 1615 Hyaluronan biosynthesis 223 Hyperlipidemia 871, 1019, 1021, Heparin-induced thrombocyto- - Membranous glomeru- Hydatid cyst ruptur 475 1026, 1036, 1039, 1364,1409,1823, penia-2 756 lonephritis 1615 Hydatid disease 475 1830-1831 Hepatic abscesses 1704 - HIV infection 1614, 1632 Hydatid torsion 1861 Hypernephroma 1359, 1515-1516 Hepatic artery - HIV -1 antibodies 1638 Hydralazine 359,1032, 1034, 1057, Hyperoncotic effect 1391 - Aneurysm 1733 HLA 1059 Hyperparathyroidism 1020, 1024, - Blood flow 2689 - HLA antigene 1388 Hydraulic equation 704, 708 1049-1050, 1843 - Stenosis 1704 - HLA B35 1765 Hydraulic pressure 1754 - Adenoma 1050 - Thrombosis 1704 - HLA class I antigen 1768 Hydraulic stress 1558 - Calcium 1843-1844 Hepatic blood flow 1690-1691 - HLA mismatch 1769 Hydrocephalus 580,1099-1101, - Chondrocalcinosis 1050 Hepatic dysfunction 1773 - HLA-A9 1403 1139-1140,1165-1166,1169,1184, - Chronic hypercalcemia 1843 Hepatic extraction ratio determi- - HLA-B 27 954 1191,1228-1230, 1293 - Chronic renal failure 1844 nation 1691 - HLA-B5 1403 Hydrochlorothiazide 1032, 1034 - Clinical findings 1050 Hepatic failure HmG CoA reductase inhibitor Hydrocortisone 641, 1842, 1850, - Diagnosis 1050 - Acute hepatic failure 1734 504,568-569,895,898,900, 1852 - Differential diagnosis 1050 Hepatic radiation 1705 1389, 1759 s. Hydrodynamic catheter 1476 - Hypercalcemia 1050 Hepatic resistance 1689 Homan sign 394 Hydrophilic guidewire 1428, 1476 - Myocardial fibrosis 1844 Hepatic sinusoid 1688-1689,1691 Homocysteine 334, 727, 780, 8oS, Hydrophilic-coated Terumo wire - Nephrocalcinosis 1050,1843 Hepatic stellate 1689 888, 894,952, 1085, 1091,1364, 1117 - Nephrolithiasis 1050 Hepatitis B 357-358,362, 937,940, 1387, 1562, 1821 Hydrostatic indifference point - Osteitis fibrosa cystica 1050, 944, 1762, 1766 Homocysteinemia 1337 1401 1843 Hepatitis B virus s. HBV - Hyperhomocysteinemia 697, Hydrostatic load 1504 - Parathyroidectomy 1843 Hepatitis C 357-358, 937,939, 948, 1077, 1450, 1495 Hydrostatic pressure 1401, 1490 - Primary hyperparathyroidism 1766 Homocystinuria 982, 1075, 1364 Hydrothorax 1633 1050 Hepatitis C virus s. HCV Hooke's law 151, 342 21-hydroxylase deficiency 1830 - PTH 1843-1844 Hepatocellular carcinoma 475 Hook-shaped catheter 1484 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate - Secondary hyperpara- Hepatocellular function 1691 Hormon replacement 569, 1495 1128,1133 thyroidism 1844 Hepatocyte growth factor 271 Hormon replacement therapy 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutanyl - Signs 1843 Hepatocytes 1689 1832 coenzyme A 192 - Symptoms 1843 Hepatojugular reflux 1633 - and cardiovascular disease Hydroxyrutosides 1504 - Treatment 1050 Hepatomegaly 1629, 1633, 1832 5-hydroxytryptamine s. Serotonin - Uremic symptoms 1844 1704-1705 - and heart disease prevention Hypercapnia 1088, 1293, 1622 - Ventricular hypertrophy 1843 Hepato-portal system 62 1835 Hypercoagulability 540, Hyperpathia 1544 Hepatopulmonary syndrome - Androgens 1837 1494-1495,1507,1519 Hyperpigmentation 395,1527, 473>478 - Androstenedione 1838 - Acquired hypercoagulability 1532,1842 Hepatorenal syndrome 1692 - D-dimer 1834 1494 Hypersalivation 1084 Heparin-induced thrombocyto• - DHEAS 1837-1838 - Antiphospholipid antibody Hypersensitivity vasculitis 538, penia I 1511 - Endometrial hyperlasia 1835 1495 936, 938, 948, 1084, 1410, 1412 Heparin-induced thrombocyto- - Epidemiology 1832 - Antiphospholipid-antibody - Early type 1412 penia II 756,1511-1512 - Estrogen 1833-1835, 1838 syndrome 1520 - Intermediate type 1412 - Hirudin 756, 844, 1511 - Free testosterone 1838 - Antithrombin 1520 Hypersensitivity-type host Hepatic allograft rejection 1707 - Hypotestosterone 1837 Antithrombin III deficiency reaction 475 Herculink Biliary stent 1428-1429 - Insulin resistance syndrome 1494 - Loeffler's syndrome 475,482 Hereditary hemorrhagic teleang- 1833 - APC resistance 1494-1495, 1520 - Pulmonary asthma 475 iectasia 40, 44,245,1129-1130, Lipoprotein a 1834-1835 Cardiolipin antibody 1520 Transistent eosinophilic 1702-1709,1736 - Mechanism 1833 - Cerebral venous thrombosis pulmonary infiltrates 475 Herniation syndrome 1091 - Metabolic effect 1837 1494 - Urticaria 475 1910 SUBJECT INDEX

Hypertension 3, 94, 104, 172, 381, - Guillian-Barre syndrome 1020, - Renal vascular disease 1020, - Thromboembolic pulmonary 692, 695,780-781, 794> 888, 893, 1058 1024,1039 arteriopathy 1612 996,999-1001,1012,1015-1059, - HDL 1023, 1036 - Renin-secreting tumors 1020 Hypertensive pulmonary vasculo• 1076, 1348, 1389,1395, 1450,1787, - Heart failure 1058 - Retinopathy 1021, 1023, 1027, pathies 1609 1789-1790,1792, 1823-1824, - History 1021 1039-1040 - Appetite-suppressant drugs 1830, 1840-1841, 1848 - Hypercalcemia 1020 - Risk factors 1021, 1054 1632 - Acromegaly 1020 - Hyperlipidemia 1019, 1021, - Risk stratification 1026 - Ascitis 1633 - Adherence 1030 1026, 1036, 1039 - Secondary hypertension - Chest radiography 1634 - Alcohol 1019-1020, 1022, - Hyperparathyroidism 1020, 1020-1021, 1038, 1054, 1757> 1759 - Cirrhose of liver 1632 1028-1029,1048 1024, 1049-1050 - Smoking 1021-1022,1026-1027, - Classification 1622 - Aldosteronism 1020 - Hypertensive crises 1047, 1029, 1036, 1039 - Clinical management 1641 - Amphetamines 1020, 1058 1052-1054 - Sphygmomanometer - Clinical manifestation 1633 - Anemia 1020, 1039 - Hypertensive encephalopathy 1022-1023 - Computed tomography - Aneurysm 1021 1056,1774 - Striae 1023 1636-1637 - Angiotensin converting - Hypokalemia 1024, 1029 - Stroke 1024, 1027, 1036, 1043, - Congestive pulmonary angio- enzyme inhibitors 1031-1037, - Incidence 1054 1048,1056 pathy 1612 1040-1041 - Insulin resistance 1019, 1021 - Sympathetic nervous system - Connective tissue disease 1632 - Angiotensin II 1035-1036, 1054 - Intimal thickening 1024 1019 - Cor pulmonale 1629 - Angiotensin -converting - Intracranial pressure 1020 - Therapy 1031-1038 - Diagnostic evaluations 1632 enzyme 1019 - Ischemic stroke 1021 - Thyrotoxicosis 1020, 1050 - Dietary pulmonary hyper- - Ankle/brachial index 1023 - JNC classification 1016 - Tobacco 1022 tension 1615 - Aortic coarctation 1020, 1024, - Keith-Wagener classification - Total peripheral resistance - Differential diagnosis 1638 1043 1016 1016 - Drug use and abuse 1632 - Aortic dissection 1022, 1024, - Korotkoff sound 1022 - Transient ischemic attack 1021, - Electrocardiography 1634 1057 - LDL 1019, 1023, 1036 1027 - Evolving clinical picture 1633 - Aortic insufficiency 1020 - Left ventricular hypertrophy - Transplantation 1020 - Family history 1632 - Arrhythmias 1024, 1055 172 - Treatment 1025, 1054 - Hepatojugular reflux 1633 - Arterial pressure waveform - Liddle's syndrome 1020, 1044 - Trends 1016-1017,1054 - Hepatomagaly 1633 159 - Malignant hypertension 107, - Triglycerides 1023 - HIV infection 1632 - Arterial wall mechanics 159 1052, 1054> 1512,1774,1777 - Vascular hypertrophy 1024, - Hydrothorax 1633 - Arteriovenous shunts 1020 - Managemant 1026 1036 - Hypertensive pulmonary - Atrial natriuretic factor 1019 - Mean arterial pressure 1054 - Vascular remodeling 1024 arteriopathy 1609 - Autonomic dysfunction 1022 - Measurement 1022 - Vasodilator drugs 159 - Hypothyroidism 1633 - 1777 - Metabolic syndrome 1021 - Venous hypertension 1435, - Hypoxic pulmonary vaso- - Beriberi 1020 - Mineralcorticoids 1020 1493> 1500-1503,1527,1532 constriction 1628 - Beta blocker 1031-1035,1037, - Monogenic forms 1020 - Ventricular hypertrophy - Increased pulmonary blood 1051, 1056-1058 - Myocardial infarction 1021, 1023-1027 flow 1629 - Blood pressure 1016-1059 1025, 1027,1048, 1056 - Weight 1028 - Intrinsic pulmonary artery - Borderline hypertension 570 - Nephrosclerosis 1024 - WHO classification 1016 disease 1624 - Brachydactyly 1020 - Norepinephrine 1019, Hypertensive crisis 1047, - Lung 1638 - Caffeine 1022, 1037 1047-1048,1054 1052-1054, 1774, 1842 - Magnetic resonance imaging - Calcium channel blocker - Obesity 1019, 1021 - Diagnosis 1052-1053 1636-1637 1031-1037> 1051,1056-1057,1059 - Obstructive sleep apnea 1020 - Hypertensive encephalopathy - Normal pulmonary circulation - Carcinoid syndrome 1020 - Oral contraceptive 1020, 1037 1056,1774 1618 - Cardiac output 1016, 1045, 1055 - Outcome 1024 - Keith-Wagener retinopathy - Pathogenesis 1618 - Cardiovascular baroreceptors - Paget's disease 1020 1052 - Pathogenetic mechanisms 1055 - Papilledema 1021,1052 - Malignant hypertension 1052 1622 - Central venous pressure 1055 - Pathogenesis 1018 - Malignant hypertension 1774 - Perfusion lung scan 1635 - Cerebral hemorrhage 1021 - Pathophysiology 1054 - Papilledema 1774 - Peripheral edema 1633 - Cerebrovascular disease 1016, - Peripheral vascular disease - Renin-angiotensin system 1774 - Persistent pulmonary hyper- 1021 1016, 1022, 1027, 1036 - Thrombotic microangiopathy tonsion 1616 - Chromaffin tumors 1020 - Pharmacologic therapy 1031 1774 - Primary pulmonary hyper• - Chronic hypertension 1096 - Pheochromocytoma 1020, Hypertensive hemorrhage tension 1614,1625-1627 - Cocaine 1020, 1037, 1048, 1058 1024,1047-1049,1058 1095-1096,1217 - Pulmonalis angiography - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Physical examination 1023 Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis 1638 1020,1044 - Plaque stability 1036 1774-1775 - Pulmonary capillary heman• - Congestive heart failure 1016, - Poisoning 1020 - Chronic renal failure 1774 giomatosis 1629 1021,1033 - Portal hypertension 655 - Clinical features 1775 - Pulmonary function testing - Coronary artery disease 1016, - Preeclampsia 1058 - Focal glomerulosclerosis 1775 1637 1024-1025,1036 - Pregnancy 1020 - Pathology 1775 - Pulmonary hypertension - Corticosteroids 1020, 1037 - Prevalence 1016-1017 - Segmental glomerulosclerosis 1609-1617 - Cushing's syndrome 1020, - Primary hyperaldosteronism 1775 - Pulmonary microangiopathy 1044-1047 1020,1024 - Treatment 1775 1613 - Decongestants 1020 - Primary hypertension 1018 Hypertensive pulmonary arterio• - Pulmonary parenchymal - Definition 1016 - Prognosis 1054 pathy 1609 disease 1628 - Diabetes 1019,1021,1026-1027, - Pulmonary capillary wedge - Angiomatoid lesion 1612 - Pulmonary veno-occlusive 1035,1039 pressure 1055 - Colander-like lesion 1610, disease 1613, 1627-1628 - Diabetic nephropathy 1021 - Pulmonary hypertension 656 1615-1616 - Pulmonary venous hyper• - Diagnosis 1021 - Quadriplegia 1020 - Cystic medial necrosis 1610 tension 1629 - Dietary 1019, 1027, 1029 - Racial differences 1017 - Dilatation lesion 1612 - Right heart catheterization - Diuretics 1031-1035, 1037 - Refractory hypertension - Fibrosis 1610 1637,1645 - Dysautonomia 1020 1037 - Intimal thickening 1610, 1612 - Right ventricular hypertrophy - Eclampsia 1058 - Renal artery stenosis 1024 - Medial hypertrophy 1610 1633 - Encephalopathy 1024 - Renal disease 1016, 1021, - Obstructive intimal prolifera- - Secondary pulmonary hyper• - Etiology 1018 1025-1026 tion 1610 tension 1628 - Evaluation 1021, 1023,1038, - Renal failure 1021, 1039 - Plexiform lesion 1610, 1615 - Suggestive associations 1632 1053 - Renal hypertension s. Renal - Plexogenic pulmonary arterio- - Thromboembolic pulmonary - Fibrinolysis 1036 hypertension pathy 1612 hypertension 1628 - Genetic factors 1019 - Renal parenchymal disease - Pulmonary artery hyper• - Transesophageal echocardiog• - Gestational hypertension 1058 1020, 1039, 1054 tension 1610, 1619 raphy 1634 SUBJECT INDEX 1911

- Transthoracic echocardiog• - ACTH 1826 - Chronic pulmonary hypoxemia Inferferon-a 1765-1766, 1846 raphy 1634 - Craniopharyngioma 1826 478 Inferior vena cava thrombosis - Tricuspid insufficiency 1633 - Cushing's disease 1826 Hypoxia 284 1515 - Ventilation-perfusion lung - FSH 1826 - Acute generalized hypoxia - Abdominal aortic aneurysm scan 1635 - GH deficiency 1826 1622 1515 Hyperthyroidism 381,1050-1052, - Glucocorticoids 1827 - Acute hypoxia 1619,1628 - Anticoagulation 1515 1382,1811,1814,1819-1822 - Gonadotropin 1826 - Chronic alveolar hypoxia 1616 - Budd-Chiari syndrome 1515 - Atrial fibrillation 1819 - Hypoadrenalism 1826 - Chronic generalized hypoxia - Complications 1516 - Blood pressure 1820 - Hypogonadism 1826 1622 - Hypernephroma 1515-1516 - Carbimazole 1820 - Hypothyroidism 1826 - Chronic hypoxia 1619,1628 - Infrarenal occlusion 1515 - Cardiac output 1820 - Impaired glucose tolerance - Local hypoxia 1622 - Midlevel occlusion 1515 - Circulating volume 1820 1827 - Orthostatic hypoxia 1707 - Nephrotic syndrome 1515 - ECG 1820 - Insulin resistance 1827 Hypoxic pulmonary vasocon• - Septic thrombosis 1516 - Heart rate 1820 - Intimal-media thickening 1827 striction 1628 - Signs 1515 - Methimazole 1820 - LH 1826 Hysteresis 127 - Suprarenal occlusion 1515 - Oxygen consumption 1820 - Morbidity 1827 - Symptoms 1515 - Peripheral resistance 1820 - Mortality 1826 - Thrombectomy 1516 - Physical examination 1820 - Pituitary failure 1826 I-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine Inflammation 102,328,354-355, - Primary hyperthyroidism 1819 - Pituitary tumor 1826 1049 888,890,896,902-903,99h - Propranolol 1820 - Prevalence 1827 Iatrogenic 1073 - Propylthiouracil 1820 - Risk factors 1827 syndrome 476 - Chronic 102 - Supraventricular !achy- - Thyrotropin 1826 Iatrogenic pulmonary artery - Inflammation reaction 832 arrhythmias 1820 - Treatment 1827 pseudoaneurysms 485 - Inflammatory processes 327 - Symptoms 1820 - TSH 1826 - Swan-Ganz catheters 485 - Inflammatory states 102 - Systemic vascular resistance Hypoplastic aortic arch 1567 IBCA s. Isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate Inflow angiography 517 1819 Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Ibuprofen 805 Infusion phlebitis 1505 - Systolic blood presuure 1820 41,1563 ICAM-1 s. Intercellular adhesion Inguinal canal 70 - Thyroglobulin 1819 Hypotension 179, 767, 861, molecule-1 Innominate artery 1575-1584 - Thyroid-stimulating hormone 983-984, 1088, 1157· 1159. 1293. ICD s. Implantable cardioverter• - Allen's test 1576 1819 1725, 1845. 1850 defibrillator - Anterior circulation symptoms - Thyrotoxicosis 1820 - Orthostatic hypotension 1842 IDH s. Ischemic heart disease 1576 - Thyroxine 1819-1820 Hypothalamic-pituitary unit 1811 Idiopathic infantile arterial - Aortic-origin grafting 1575, - Ventricular tachyarrhythmias - Adreno corticotropic hormone calcification 473 1578 1820 1812 Idiopathic inflammatory disease - Aortography 1577 - J3-blocker 1820 - Anterior pituitary 18n 935 - Aortoinnominate artery bypass Hypertriglyceridemia 697, 803, - Antidiuretic hormone 1812 Idiopathic primary pulmonary graft 1581 996, 1000, 1012, 1830 - Follicle-stimulating hormone hemosiderosis 484 - Arteriotomy 1578, 1580-1581 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1811 - Alveolar hemorrhage 484 - Ascending aorto-left sub- 172, 980-985, 1842 - Growth hormone 18n - Cor pulmonale 485 clavian artery grafting 1579, - Arrhythmias 980, 985 - Hypothalamus 18n - Pulmonary hypertension 484 1581 - Asymmetric hypertrophy 980 - Luteinizing hormone 18n IEL s. Internal elastic lamina - Axillary-axillary artery bypass - Blood pressure 983-984 - Oxytoxin 1812 IgA nephropathy 1765 1577.1582 - Cardiac muscle cell disorgani- - Posterior pituitary 1812 IGF-1 s. Insulin-like growth - Balloon dilatation 1583 sation 980 - Prolactin 18n factor 1 - Blood pressure comparison - Diastolic dysfunction 982 - Thyroid stimulating hormone Ileostomy 1675 1576 - Hypertrophied interventricular 1812 Iliac angioplasty 1657 - Carotid bifurcation lesion 1575 septum 172 - Vasopressin 1812 Iloprost 1392, 1395,1628, - Carotid-subclavian artery - Implantable cardioverter• Hypothalamus 175, 1811, 1813 1644-1645 bypass 1577,1579,1582 defibrillator 985 Hypothermia 1157,1197,1557,1564, Immune complex-mediated - Cerebral embolization 1583 - Intramural coronary artery 1570,1567 vasculitis 357-359,362, 939, - Cerebral protection device 981-982 - Cerebral hypothermia 1089 1762 1583 - Left ventricular hypertrophy - General hypothermia 1359 Immunoelectrophoresis 1388 - Claudication 1576, 1579 980-984 Hypothyroidism 861, 1633, 1699, Immunoglobulin 937 - Complication 1583 - Myocardial ischemia 982-985 1814, 1820-1821, 1826, 1850 Immunological processes 327 - Concomitant vertebral artery - Myocardium 980-981 - Atrioventricular blocks 1820 Immunosuppression 901, 1004 1575 - Risk stratification 983 - Blood pressure 1820 Impedance 118 - Connective tissue disorders - Small vessel disease 981, 985 - Cardiac output 1819-1820 Impedance plethysmography 1576 - Syncope 984-985 - Circulating volume 1820 s. Plethysmography - Contralateral carotid-carotid - Upright tilt-table testing 985 - Creatine-kinase 1820 Impingement effect 1405 artery bypass 1577 Hypertrophied interventricular - Digoxin 1820 Implantable cardioverter• - Cystic media degeneration septum 172 - ECG 1820 defibrillator 985 1576 Hyperuricemia 1021,1773-1774 - Graves' disease 1820 Impotence 1253, 1435, 1675, 1723, - Diagnosis 1576 Hyperventilation 1099, 1224, 1277 - Hashimoto's disease 1820 1857. 1872 - Direct arch reconstruction Hypervitaminosis 104 - Heart rate 1820 Inappropriate antidiuretic 1578 Hypoadrenalism 1826 - Homocysteine 1821 hormone syndrome 1089 - Dulpex 1577 Hypocarbia 1099 - Hypercoagulable state 1821 Incomplete ischemic syndrome - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1576 Hypocomplementemia 1766-1767 - Lp(a) 1821 1353.1381 - Embolization 1577 Hypodermitis 1501 - Oxygen consumption 1820 Incomplete saphenous varicosity - Endarterectomy 1578, Hypogonadism 1826, 1850 - Peripheral resistance 1820 1530 1580-1582 Hypokalemia 1024, 1029, - Physical examination 1820 Incontinence 1166 - Endovascular treatment 1583 1043-1045.1047-1048,1055.1815, - Prolonged QT interval 1820 Incremental elastic modulus 132, - Extra-anatomical bypass 1840-1841 - Sinus bradycardia 1820 151,155-158 1582-1583 Hyponatremia 1089, 1101, 1697, - Symptoms 1820 Indocyanine green 1691 - Femoral-axillary artery bypass 1850-1851 - Thyroid-stimulating hormone Indomethacin 723, 1335 graft 1582 Hypoparathyroidism 1844 1819-1820 Inducible NO-Synthase 191,736, - Giant-cell arteritis 1576 - Addison's disease 1844 - Thyroxine 1819-1820 889, 891, 914, 1620 - Indications 1576 - Candidiasis 1844 Hypovitminosis D 1843 Infection-induced immune• - Innominate artery reconstruc- - Hypocalcemia 1844 Hypovolemia ll59, 1389, 1392,1725 complex vasculitis 357-358, tion 1582 Hypoperfusion 879 Hypovolemic shock 641 1762 - Microembolization 1576 Hypopituiarism 1826 Hypoxemia 478,1088, 1159 Infectious mononucleosis 1861 - Operation technique 1579 1912 SUBJECT INDEX

Innominate artery Intermittent venous claudicaion - Hepatitis B virus 1708 - Brain tumor 1098 - Physical examination 1576 1493 - Hepatitis C virus 1708 - Cerebellar hematoma 1223, - 1576 Internal elastic lamina 78, 221, - Human immunodeficiency 1228 - Radiation arteritis 1578 1172,1292 virus 1708 - Cerebral amyloid angiopathy - Raynaud's phenomenon 1576 - Fragmentation 97 - Kawasaki disease 1708 1096-1098, 1217 - Reconstruction 1582 - Internal elastic membrane - Mesenteric ischemia 1708 - Cerebral angiography 1218 - Revascularization 1576-1577, 1489 - Microscopic polyangiitis 1708 - Chronic hypertension 1096 1582 Internal jugular vein thrombosis - Paralytic ileus 1708 - CT 1218 - Risk factor 1577 1516 - Polyarteritis nodosa 1708 - Diagnostic 1218 - Smoking 1577 - Acute mastoiditis 1516 - Postprandial instinal angina - Differential diagnosis 1222 - Subclavian-subclavian artery - Acute pharyngitis 1516 1708 - Electroencephalography 1218 bypass 1577 - Anaerobic oropharygeal infec- - Rheumatoid vasculitis 1708 - Fibrinoid necrosis 1096 - Suprasystolic pressure 1583 tion 1516 - Submucosal intestinal edema - Glasgow Coma Scale 1099, - Surgical approach 1577 - Central venous cathters 1516 1708 1223-1224 - Symptoms 1576 - Complications 1516 - Symptoms 1708 - Headache 1095 - Syphilis 1576 - Diagnosis 1516 - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Hematomas 1095, 1218, 1224 - Takayasu's arteritis 1575-1576, - Factor V Leiden mutation 1516 1708 - Hemorrhagic cysts 1217 1578 - Head sepsis 1516 - Takayasu's arteritis 1708 - Hemorrhagic stroke 1099 - Trac!Ieoinnominate fistula 1576 - Lemierre's syndrome 1516 - Wegener granulomatosis 1708 - Hydrocephalus 1099, - Treatment 1577 - Neck sepsis 1516 Intima 79, 667, 679, 944, 1364, 1228-1230 INOS s. Inducible NO-Synthase - Ovarian hyperstimulation 1413,1489,1491-1492,1610,1616 - Hypertensive hemorrhage Inositol1,4,5-triphosphate 723, syndrome 1516 - Intimal cushions 79 1095-1096, 1217 730,915 - Pregnancy 1516 - Intimal disease 89 - Intracerebral hematoma 1217, Inpedance plethysmography 1508 - Risk factors 1516 - Intimal disruption 81 1222, 1228, 1230-1231 INR s. International Normalized - Therapy 1516 - Intimal pads 79 - Intracranial pressure Ratio - Thrombophilia 1516 - Intimal proliferation s. Intimal 1223-1224, 1227 Insomnia 1050 - Tonsillitis 1516 proliferation - Intraventricular hemorrhage In-stent restenosis 672 International Normalized Ratio - Intimal thickening 78, 81, 84 1096-1098, 1218, 1221, 1229-1230 In-stent restenosis classification 291, 1512-1513 Intimal cushions 79 - Lobar hemorrhage 1223, 1228 832 Interrupted aortic arch 1567 Intimal disruption 81 - Lumbar puncture 1218 Insulin 130, 569, 726, 801, Interstinal fibrosis 473,481 Intimal dissection 1119-1120 - Management 1099 995-1005,1009-1012,1019,1089, Interstitial pulmonary edema Intimal edema 955 - Mass effect 1218, 1223 1815,1829-1830, 1844> 1849 1628 Intimal fibrocellular hypertrophy - Microaneurysm 1096 - Hyperinsulinemia 781, 794, Interventricular bleeding 1101, 233 - Mortality 1217, 1221, 1226, 1229 995-998, 1003, 1011, 1038, 1461, 1165 Intimal fibroelastosis 1612 - Neurological deficits 1095 1831 Interventricular septal defect 195 Intimal fibrosis 1492, 1613 - Open craniotomy 1226-1227, - Hyperinsulinemic clamp 569 Intervillous space 71 Intimal flap 788, 1549,1552,1805 1230 - Hyperinsulinism 1389, Intestinal claudication 1407 Intimal hemorrhage 1629 - Osmotherapy 1099 1823-1824 Intestinal gangrene 1407 Intimal hyperplasia 233, 673, 68o, - Pontine hemorrhage 1223 - Insulin delivery 1003 Intestinal hemangiomas 1708 832, 866, 940, 942, 945, 955, 1430, - Putamina! hemorrhage 1222, - Insulin resistence 569, 781, 794, Anemia 1709 1442, 1471, 1475 1225-1226, 1229, 1231 922,995-998,1005,1011-1012, Intestinal hemangiomas - Fibrous intimal hyperplasia - Randomized trial 1225-1227 1019,1021, 1461 1708-1709 1773 - Signs 1095 - Insulin-mediated vasodilation - Cutaneous hemangiomas 1709 Intimal injury 1426 - Stereotactic aspiration 1099, 569 - Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Intimal pads 79 1228,1230 - Thiazolidinediones 569 syndrome 1709 Intimal proliferation 79, 86, 90, - Streptokinase 1099 Insulin resistance 1823, 1827, - Port-wine stain 1709 93, 1625, 1313, 1323 - Stroke syndrome 1217-1218 1829-1831, 1833 - Soft tissue hypertrophy 1709 Intimal tear 81, 86, 1552, 1569 - Suboccipital crantiotomy 1228 Insulin-like growth factor Intestinal lymph node fibrosis Intimal thickening 78, 233, 667, - Thalamic hemorrhage 1223, 1, 250-251, 279, 997, 1776, 1543 949-950, 952, 954, 1024, 1292, 1229 1823-1825, 1853 Intestinal obstruction 1605 1610,1612-1613,1615 - Therapy 1224-1227 Insulin-mediated glucose utiliza- Intestinal ulcer 1700-1701 - Concentric laminar intimal - Thrombolysis 1230 tion 1461 - Beh~et's disease 1701 fibrosis 16Io-1613, 1615, 1625 - t-PA 1099 Integrilin 849 - Crohn's disease 1701 - Concentric laminar intimal - Transtentorial herniation 1218 Integrin 25, 225, 937-938 - Cytomegalovirus 1701 proliferation 1610, 1615 - Treatment 1223 Interaction 594 - Enteric-coated potassium - Concentric nonlaminar - Trepanation 1224 Intercellular cell adhesion tablets 1701 initimal fibrosis 1610, 1616 - Vasospasm 1217 molecule-I 248,268,354-356, - Ischemia 1701 - Eccentric intimal fibrosis 1610, - Ventriculography 1218 691,750,890,892,938-940,996, - Lymphoma 1701 1613,1615 - Ventriculotomy 1228 1460,1073 - NSAID 1701 Intimal-media thickening 421, - Vomiting 1095 Interendothelial cell junctions 81 - Radiation enteritis 1701 1349> 1457> 1827 - Widespread lipohyalinosis Interendothelial gaps 54 - Radiolabeled red blood cells Intraabdominal pressure 1491 1096,1217 s. Capillaries 1701 Intra-aortic balloon counter• Intracerebral pressure 1277 Interferon 192 - Tuberculosis 1701 plusation 855, 869 Intracoronary doppler guidewire - Interferon-a 948 - Vasculitis 1701 Intra-aortic balloon pump 607, 703-706 - Interferon-y 219 Intestinal vasculitis 1708 754,767-768,858,870 Intracoronary pressure guidewire Interleukin-1 193,211,219,354, - Anemia 1708 Intra-arterial embolization 1857 706-707 356,889,939-940,993.99h - Anorexia 1708 Intracardial blood volume 167 Intracranial atherosclerosis 539 1450, 1624, 1771,1847 - Beh~et's disease 1708 Intracellular pores 54 s. Capillaries Intracranial collaterlization 428 Interleukin-I/1 914,917, 1073,1292 - Bowel perforation 1708 Intracerebral hematoma 1217, Intracranial hemorrhage 759, Interleukin-6 356, 750, 890, 940, - Bowel stricture 1708 1222, 1228,1230-1231, 1274, 1083-1085, 1123, 1139, 1172 997> 1450, 1821 - Chrug-Strauss syndrome 1708 1276-1277 Intracranial hypertension 1101, Interleukin-8 355-356,939-940, - Cyclophosphamide 1708 Intracerebral hemorrhage 761, 1130, 1249, 1251 1450,1771 - Cytomegalovirus 1708 973> 1095-1099,1183,1217-1232, Intracranial occlusion 427 Intermittent claudication 642 - Diarrhea 1708 1265-1267, 1277, 1293 Intracranial occlusive disease 538 - Leg pain 643 - Giant cell arteritis 1708 - Aneurysm 1217 Intracranial pressure 542, 1020, - Papaverine 643 - Glucocorticoids 1708 - Astrocytic proliferation 1096 1056, 1088, 1091, 1101, 1135> 1139, - Tolazoline 643 - Hemotochezia 1708 - Blood pressure 1095-1096, 1159, n64. 1166, 1203, 1223-1224, Intermittent compartment - Henoch-Schonlein syndrome 1099 1227, 1249, 1251 syndrome 1504 1708 - Brain metastasis 1098 Intracranial stenosis 427 SUBJECT INDEX 1913

Intracranial venous thrombosis Flex shaft rotation 662 - Etiology 1624 - Central sleep apnea 1082 1125-1127 Fluoroscopy 667 - Familial primary pulmonary - Cerebral infarction 107s Diagnostic 1125 Guidewire tip 661 hypertension 1626 - Children 1086 Dural sinus thrombosis 1125, Hard plaques 667 - Plexogenic pulmonary arterio• - Complications 1090 1130 - Haziness 669 pathy 1625 - Contralateral paralysis 1078 Hematoma 1125 - Hematoma 668 - Portal-pulmonary hyper• - Dementia 1080, 1083 Indications 1125 - In-stent restenosis 672 tension 1625, 1627 - Diabetes 1076, 1081,1083, 1091 - Intradural sinus pressure 1125 - Intimal hyperplasia 673, - Primary pulmonary hyper• - Diplopia 1077,1081 Parenchymal edema 1125 680-682 tension 162s - Dizziness 1079, 1081 - Procedure 1125 - Intimal thickening 667 - Thrombotic pulmonary hyper- - Double vision 1079, 1081 - Thrombolysis 1126 - Intracoronary pressure 666 tension 1627 - Dysarthria 1077-1082 Intraluminal echography - Intracoronary ultrasonography Iodine S9S, IOS1-10S2, 1821 - Dysgraphia 1078 s. Intravascular ultra• 747 - Iodine-123 S71 - Dyslexia 1078 sonography - Laser angioplasty 672 IP3 s. Inositol1,4,5-triphosphate - Dysphagia 1077. 1080, 1082 Intramural coronary artery - Lesion assessment 667 lPG s. Impedance plethysmo- - Electrolyte management 981-982 - Lipid plaques 668 graphy 1089 Intramural hematoma 1557 - Mechanical rotation 662 lrbesartan 1001, 1032, 1034 - Glucose metabolism 1089 - Aortic dissection 1558 - Methods 661 Ischemia reperfusion injury 177S - Hematological disorders 1086 - Aortic syndrome 1557 - Minimal lumen diameter 669 - ACE inhibitor 1776 - Hemianopia 1077, 1086 - of the aorta 1557-1558,1563 - Multi-element mechanical - ANP 1776 - Hemidysesthesia 1086 Intramural hemorrhage 923 systems 662 - Clinical features 177S - Hemiparesis 1078-1079 Intramyocardial arteries 991, - Musculary artery type 667, 679 - GFR 1775 - Hemodilution 1090 993-994 - Myocardial ischemia 669 - Ischemic actue tubular necrosis - Hypertension 1076 Intramyocardial LAD 881, 883 - Negativ remodeling 669, 673 177S - Hypertensive hemorrhage Intramyocardial pump 167 - Percutaneous coronary angiog- - Mannitol 1776 109S-1096, 1217 Intranidal aneurysm 1244 raphy 670 - Muddy brown granular casts - Intracerebral hemorrhage Intraparenchymal hemorrhage - Percutaneous transluminal 177S 109S 1096 angioplasty 68o - Oligoanuria 177s-1776 - Lacunar symdromes 1080 Intrarenal coagulopathy 1768 - Peripheral arteries 679 - Osmotic gradient 177S - Nystagmus 1079 IntraStent 1428-1429 - Plaque distribution 668 - Pathogenesis 177S - Obesity 1076 Intratesticular cavernous heman- - Plaque morphology 667 - Pathology 177S - Obstructive sleep apnea 1076, giomas 1861 - Plaque rupture 668 - Risk factors 1776 1082 Intrathoracic pressure 1491 - Plaques 663-674 - Symptomes 1775 - Ophthalmoplegia 1079, 1083 Intravascular elastography 335 - Positiv remodeling 668 - Systolic blood pressure 177S - Paralysis 1079 Intravascular foreign bodies - Pull-back system 663 - Treatment 1776 - Paresis 1077-1079 - Balloon catheters 1480 - Radio frequent echo signal - Uremia 177S - Prevention 1091, 1094 - Broken catheter tips 1480 665 Ischemic bowel 944 - Risk factors 107s, 1083, - Closure devices 1480 - Rectal tumor 661 Ischemic heart disease 84, 169, 108S-1086, 1091 - Diagnostic catheters 1480 - Renal arteries 682 327 - rt-PA 1089 - Grennfield filters 1480 - Residual plaque burden 672 - Abciximab 171-172 - Seizure 1083, 1087, 1090 - Guidewires 1480 - Restenosis 670, 672, 68o - Acetylcholine 169 - Smoking 1076,1081 - Intracardial shunt 1480 - Restenosis rate 670 - Acute myocardial infarction - Streptokinase 1090 - Introducer sheaths 1480 - Reverberation 663-664 172 - Stroke syndromes 1077 - Knotted catheter tips 1480 - Ring-down effect 662 - Atherosclerotic plaque - Thrombolytic therapy 1089 - Pacemaker electrodes 1480 - Rotational angioplasty 672 s. Atherosclerotic vascular - Transient ischemic ischemia - Puncture needles 1480 - Rotational instability 662 disease 107S - Shunt closure devices 1485 - Safety 674 - Chronic angina pectoris 169 - Treatment 1087 - Vascular prostheses 1480 - Single-element mechanical - Electrocardiogram 171 - Vertigo 1077 Intravascular hemolysis 1054 systems 662 - Microvascular dysfunction 169 Ischialgia 1408 Intravascular ultrasonography - Stent deployment 670 - Myocardial blood flow 170 Islets of Langerhans 68 334. 661, 788, 792, 932, 1425, - Stent malapposition 670, 673 - PTCA 171 Isobaric vasoconstriction 1SS 1428, 1583, 1730 - Stents 663-664, 670-673, - Serotonin 170 Isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate 12S6 - Abdominal aorta 684 681-686 - Stenosis 171 Isoflurane 862 - Acoustic beam 663 - Tears 668, 670 - Transient occlusion 171 Isometric exercise 1672 - Artery morphology 667 - Techniques 661 - Transstenotic pressure gradient lsosorbide 1849 - Artifacts 662 - Therapeutic ultrasound 674 171 - Dinitrate 732, 805, 926 - Atherectomy 670, 672 - Three-dimensional IVUS 674 - Unstable angina 171 - Mononitrate 8os, 1698 - Attenuation 663 - Thrombosis 673 Ischemic nephropathy 1039 Isovolumetric relaxation 618 - Balloon angioplasty 665, 678, - Thrombus 668 Ischemic stroke S82-S83, S79• s83, Ito cells 210 680 - Tip motion 662 1021,1075.1119-1120,1139 IVUS s. Intravascular ultra• - Balloon sizing 670 - Tissue characterization 674 s. stroke sonography - Brachytherpy 673 - Transducer rotation 663 - Acute stroke 1087 - Calcification 667 - Unstable plaque 669 - Agitation 1091 J - Calcium 667, 670, 672 - Vascular remodeling 668, - Amaurosis fugax 1075, 1077, JNC classification 1016 - Candy wrapper effect 673 680-682 1081 Jod-Basedow effect 1821 - Catheter principles 662 - Vessel wall pathology 668 - Amnesia 1080 J-shaped guidewire ms - Coronary artery 667 Intravenous pyelogram 1041 - Anticoagulation 1090 Judkins catheter 6os, 607-608, - Coronary artery disease 669 Intraventricular bleeding 1101 - Aphasia 1077-1078 619 - Cross-sectional echo image Intraventricular hemorrhage - Apraxia 1078, 1080 Judkins technique 602, 619 662,665 1085,1096-1098,1218,1221, - Aspirin 1090-1092 Jugular venous distension 1023 - Cutter orientation 672 1229-1230 - Ataxia 1077, 1079, 1081, 1083 Jugulo-subclavian junction 61 - Developments 674 Intrinsic coagulation pathways - Atherosclerosis 1076 Juvenile arteriovenous malforma- - Dissection 673, 68o 197 - Atrial fibrillation 107s, 1086 tion 12s7 - Dotter effect 672 Intrinsic pulmonary arterial - Barthel index score 1081 - Diagnosis 12S7 - Edge effect 673 disease 1624 - Blood pressure 1088-1089, - Hemorrhage 12S7 - Elastic artery type 667, 679 - AIDS-related hypertension 1091 - Treatment 12S7. 1259 - Elastography 665-666 1625,1627 - Body temperature 1089 Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofi• - Electronic rotation 662 - Appetite-suppressant - Brain edema 1091 broma 1128 - Equipment 673 pulmonary hypertension 1626 - Cardiac emboli 1086 Juxtaglomerular apparatus 722, - Fibrous tissue 667 - Connective tissue disease 1627 - Carotid artery stenosis 1075 17S2 SUBJECT INDEX

K Left ventricular Lobar hemorrhage 1223, 1228 - Pathology 1767 Kallikrein 722, 1019, 1054 - Dysfunction 596 Local anesthesia 639 - Prognosis 1767 Karnofsky performance status - Failure 1627 Local frostbite 1358 - Proteinuria 1767 1166-1167 - Hypertrophy 172,570,980-984 Local metabolic acidosis 1373 - Rapidly progressive crescentic Karyorrhexis 99 - Thrombus 1093 Loeffler's syndrome 482 glomerulonephritis 1767 Katayama syndrome 475 Left-sided aortic arch 1550 Long saphenous varicositiy 1528 - Smith antibody 1767 Kawasaki disease 357-358,360, Left-to-right shunt 89 Loop catheters 1482 - Thrombotic microangiopathy 362, 603, 865, 936, 938-940, Leiomyosarcoma 477, 1645, 1734 Losartan So6, 899, 991, 1001, 1767 945-948,960,1708,1762-1763 Lemierre's syndrome 1516 1032-1035 - WHO classification 1767 Kawashima operation 478 Leokocyte adhesion 923 Louvel sign 394 Lupus s. Systemic lupus Kearns-Sayre syndrome 1083 Lepratuberosa 1544 Lovastatin S9S erythematosus Keith-Wagener classification Leptospiral arteritis 1292 Low output failure 768 Luteinizing hormone 1S11, 1826 1016 Leptospirosis 95S Low-back syndrome 1365, 1373, Lyme disease 958, 1409 Kemp's syndrome 381 Leriche syndrome 3S1, 1407 1375, 1409-1410 Lymph cysts 1536, 1542,1544-1545 Keratan sulphate 207, 223-226 Lethargy 1100, 1S49 Low-density lipoprotein s. LDL Lymph flow 1539 Keratitis 1602 Leucine-rich dermatan sulphate Low-dose fibrinolytic agents 1392 Lymph node 73, 1539 Keratoconjunctivitis sicca 952 proteoglycan 207 Lowenberg sign 394 - Cortical sinus 73 Keratosis 1542 Leucotrienes 723 Lower extremity 1433 - Enlarged lymph nodes 413 Kerley's B lines 1628 Leukemia 1099, 1607 Low-molecular-weight dextran - Fibroblastic reticular cells 73 Ketamine 861 Leukocytes 96, 302, 354, 923, 1391 - Follicular dendritic cells 73 Ketoacidosis 1004 937-93S, 1337-1338, 1367 Low-molecular-weight heparin - Histiocytic reticular cells 73 Ketoconazole 1841 - Leukocyte activation 1337 751-756,769,1090,1511-1512, - Interdigitating paracortical Ketogenesis 1823 - Leukocyte adhesion 691, 1450 1517,1518 cells 73 Kety-Schmidt principle 581 - Leukocyte infiltration 98 - Factor Xa 1511 - Medulla 73 Kidney stones 1045 - Leukocyte transmigration - Fibronectin 1511 - Medullary cords 73 Kininogen 296 1769 - Heprin-induced thrombo- - Medullary sinus 73 Kirchhoff's first law 1334 Leukocytoclastic vasculitis 362, cytopenia II 1511 - Subcapsular sinus 73 Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome 89, 1605 - Histidine-rich glycoprotein Lymph pump 1539 1544> 1709, 1736 Leukocytosis 997, 1557,1763 1511 Lymph varices 1544 Koch's postulates 84, 102 Leukotrienes 169, S9o, 1337 - Osteoporosis 1512 Lymphadenopathy 362, 939, 945, Korotkoff sound 1022 Levin classification 613, 618 - Partial thromboplastin time 960 Kupffer cells 1688-1689 Levine's sign 379 1512 Lymphangiogenesis 40 Kussmaul's sign 382 Levothyroxine 1821 - Venous thromboembolism Lymphangioleiomyomatosis 1543 L-glutamine 889 1512 Lymphangiopathy 1539 L LH s. Luteinizing hormone - Von Willebrand factor 1511 Lymphangiosarcoma 1541 Labetalol 1054, 1056,1059, 1088, Lichenification 1542 Low-output failure 382,1539, Lymphangioscintigraphy 1542, 1774 Lid lag 1050-1051 1541-1542 1544 Lactate 169, 930-931, 1392 Liddle's syndrome 1020, 1044 Low-profll balloon catheter 111S Lymphangiosclerosis 10S Lactate dehydrogenase 750 Lidocaine 639, 1142 LPS s. Lipopolysaccharide Lymphatic capillaries 72, 1539 Lactation 1848 Ligamentum arteriosum 1043, L-tryptophan 1632 Lymphatic capillary system 1500 Lactic acid 1335, 1337 155S-1559 Lumbar puncture 1218 Lymphatic collectors 72,1539 Lactic acid dehydrogenase 973 LIMA s. Internal thoracic artery Lumbar-peritoneal shunting 1103 Lymphatic drainage 1536 Lactic acidosis 639, 1055, 1072, Linear accelerator 1269, 1271, 12S9 Lumican 207 Lymphatic dysfunction 1540 1075,1083 Linear elasticity theory 132 Lumped parameter models 122 Lymphatic fistula 1536, 1675 Lactoferrin 940, 1599 Linton test 395 Lung contusion 485 Lymphatic system 71 Lacunar infarct syndromes 384 Linton-Nachlas tube 1697 Lung disease - 5'nucleotidase 72 Lacunarsymdromes 1080 Lipedema 1543-1544 - Chronic obstructive - Afferent lymph 72 Lamina propria intimae 51 Lipid So, 7So, S03 pulmonary disease 1645 - B-lymphocytes 66 s. Histology - Extracellular 90 - Interstitial lung disease 1645 - Capillaries 72 Laminar flow 139 - Lipid accumulation 90 Lung hemorrhage 1766 - Collectors 72 Laminectomy 1289 - Lipid core 323,327,784 Lung Kruppel-like factor pathway - Corpuscles of Malpighi 66 Laminin 225, 270, 1104 - Lipid droplets 102 245 - Cortical sinus 73 L-amino acid decarboxylase 182 Lipid peroxides 1167 Lung purpura 1766 - Efferent lymph 72 Lanoteplase 759 Lipid-hyalin deposits 3S4 Lung torsion S83 - Fibroblastic reticular cells 73 Lanreotide 1824, 1845, 1853 Lipocytes 210 Lung transplantation 1630, - Follicular dendritic cells 73 LAO s. Left anterior oblique Lipodermatosclerosis 1544 1641-1643,1647 - Histiocytic reticular cells 73 projection Lipofuscin 96 Lupus nephritis 1756-1757, 1764, - Histology 71 Laparoscopic varicocelectomy Lipogenesis 99S 1766-1767, 1773 - Interdigitating paracortical 1866 Lipohyalinosis 1217 - Anticardiolipin antibody 1767 cells 73 LaPlace equation 1754 Lipolysis 1823 - Antiphospholipid antibody - Lymph node 73 LaPlace law 859 Lipoperoxide 100, 1540 1767 - Lymphatic endothelial cells 72 Larval embolism 475 Lipophages So, 90, 94 - Antiphospholipid syndrome - Lymphatic follicles 66 Laryngeal hypertrophy 1825 Lipopolysaccharide 192,354-356 1767 - Medulla 73 Lasegue's sign 1365, 1387 Lipoproteins 322, 323, 334 - Azathioprine 176S - Medullary cords 73 Laser coagluation 1703,1723 - Lipoprotein (a) 334,696, 7So, - Chlorambucil 1768 - Medullary sinus 73 Laser-doppler flowmetry 577, 8oS, S8S, S94, 951-952,1085, - Cyclophosphamide 176S - Overlapping junctions 72 1369,1379 1091,1337,1821, 1S34-1835 - Diffus mesagiocapillary - Overlapping leaflets 72 Latex balloon 115S, 1202 Liposclerosis 1494, 1501 glomerulonephritis 1767 - Podoplanin 72 Lathyrism 93 Lipoxygenase 890, 1620 - Focal segmental glomeru- - Precollectors 72 L-citrulline 191 Liquid coil 1136-1137 lonephritis 1767 - Primary lymphedema 72 LDH s. Lactate dehydrogenase Liquid crystal display 597 - GFR 176S - Secondary lymphedema 73 LDL S4, 95, 99, 207, 220,224, Lisinopril So6, 1032, 1034 - Hypocomplementemia 1767 - Subcapsular sinus 73 780-7S1, 794-801, 8SS, Livedo 1606 - Idiopathic membranous - T-lymphocytes 66 893-894, S98-S99, 951-952, 944, 1404, 1760 nephropathy 1767 . - Tributary region 73 995-99S, 1000, 1003, 1019, Liver cirrhosis 1615, 16S9, - Lupus membranous glomeru- - Trunks 72 1023, 1036, 1076, 1450, 1460, 1692-1693,1695-1696, 169S, lonephritis 1767-176S - Vascular endothelial growth 1S30, 1S33-1S34> 1837 1705 - Management 1767 factor receptor-3 72 - Oxidized LDL SSS, S91 Liver transplantation 653, 1696, - Methylprednisolone 176S Lymphatic trunks 72 Left anterior oblique projection 1699 - Nephrotic syndrome 176S Lymphatic vascular system 1538 619,1117 L-NMMA s. arginine - Pathogenesis 1767 - Albumin 1539 SUBJECT INDEX

Anatomy 1539 Lymphonodo-venous shunt - Anterior communicating - Multiphase gadolinium• - Angulus venosus 1539 operation 1545 artery 533, 536 enhanced magnetic resonance - Elephantiasis 1539 - Lymphostasis 1540 - Anterior inferior cerebellar angiography 1672 - Epidemioglogy 1538 - Lymphostatic lymphonodo- artery 533 - Myocardium 518 Failure 1538 pathy 1540 - Aortic arch 546 - Noninflammatory vasculo- - Globulin 1539 - Lympho-venous shunt opera• - Aortic dissection 546 pathies 538 - High-output failure 1539, 1542 tion 1545 - Arteriovenous malformations - Open reapir 549 - Intestinal edema 1539 - Maligant lymphedema 1542, 550 - Parallel imaging techniques - Low-output failure 1539, 1544-1545 - Arteriovenous shunt 540 522 1541-1542 - Manual lymph drainage 1544 - Artery-to-artery embolism 539 - Partial thrombosis of - Lymph flow 1539 - Meige's disease 1539 - Autolytic processess 538 aneurysms 536 - Lymph nodes 1539 - MRI 1543 - Bacterial meningitis 538 - Peripheral artery application - Lymph pump 1539 - Papillomatosis cutis lympho- - Basilar artery 538 546 - Lymphangiopathy 1539 statica 1542 - Black blood angiography 517 - Peripheral hemosiderin 536 - Lymphatic capillaries 1539 - Pathogenesis 1541 - Black blood coronary MRA - Peripheral MRA 522 - Lymphatic collectors 1539 - Peripheral cyanosis 1542 520 - Phase contrast 515, 1425, 1550 - Lymphedema 1538 - Physical examination 1542 - Breath-holding 518 - Polyarteritis nodosa 538 - Lymphonodopathy 1539 - Physiotherapy 1544 - Cardiac motion 517 - Popliteal artery entrapment - Lymphostatic hydrocele 1539 - Pitting edema 1540, 1544 - Cardiac triggering 529 syndrome 550 - Nephrotic syndrome 1539 - Pneumomassage 1545 - Cerebral aneurysms 534 - Positioning 531 - Physiology 1539 - Post-traumatic lymphedema - Cerebrovascular artery - Posterior cerebral artery 533 Lymphatic vessel dysplasia 1540 1544 application 533 - Posterior inferior cerebellar Lymphedema 72,1538-1545 - Pregnancy 1545 - Chronic mesenteric ischemia artery 533 - 99mTc-nanocolloid 1542 - Prevention 1544 550 - Pulmonary embolism 549 - Breast cancer 1540,1543,1545 - Primary lymphedema 72, 1538 - Churg-Strauss angiitis 538 - Radio frequency 546 - Browse-Stewart classification - Retroperitoneal fibrosis 1543 - Circle of Willis 533 - Renal artery 549 1539 - Reversible lymphedema 1540 - Contrast agents 515,520,528, - Respiratory compensation 529 - Cellulitis 1540 - Secondary lymphedema 73, 546 - Respiratory motion 517 - Chronic lymphedema 1540 1539 - Contrast-enhanced 3D MRA - Rupture of aneurysm 538 - Chronic venous insufficiency - Stage 1540 1425,1550 - Secondary vasculitis 538 1544 - Stemmer's sign 1542,1544 - Contrast-enhanced magntic - Sickle cell anemia 540 - Chylous reflux 1541, 1543-1544 - Stewart-Treves syndrome resonance angiography 515 - Signal-to-noise-ratio 521 - Classification 1539 1541 - Coronary artery application - Spatial resolution 521 - Complex decongestive physio- - Surgical management 1545 526 - Spin locking 518 therapy 1540 - Surgical phlebolysis 1543 - Coronary MRA 517 - Spin-echo-based angiography - Congenitallymphedema 1539 - Technical studies 1542 - Cortical vein thrombosis 544 517 - Crossing syndrome 1543 - Therapy 1543 - Cystic adventitial disease 550 - Splanchnic vessel 550 - CT 1543 - Thermotherapy 1545 - Deep venous thrombosis 551 - Stationary protons 1550 - Deep abdominal drainage - Treatment 1544-1545 - Digital subtraction angiog- - Superior cerebellar artery 533 1545 - Venous insufficiency 1542 raphy 542 - Systemic vasculitis 538 - Dermatolymphangionoditis Lymphocutaneous fistula 1542, - Dural arteriovenous fistual - T1 relaxation 515 1540 1544-1545 542 - T1-weighted 1135,1263,1283, - Dermatopathy 1540 Lymphocytes 94 - Echo planar imagimg 521 1550 - Diagnostic 1542-1543 - B-lymphocyte 354 - Echo time 536 - T2 relaxation 518 - Differential diagnosis - T-lymphocytes 94,1450 - Encephalopathy 538 - T2-weighted 1142, 1253,1259, 1543-1544 Lymphography - Endovascular repair 549 1263, 1283, 1289 - Elephantiasis 1539-1542,1544 - Indirect lymphography - Epicardial fat 518 - Technical aspects 515 - Erysipelas 1540-1541, 1542-1543 - Examination technique 535 - Thoracic aortic aneurysms 1544-1545 - Isotopic lymphography 1540 - Feeder artery 540 548 - Fibrosclerosis 1540 Lymphoma 1698, 1701 - Free-breathing technique 518, - Thrombotic process 540 - Fluoromicrolymphography Lymphonodopathy 1539 530 - Time-of-flight 515,1319,1425, 1542-1543 Lymphostasis 1540 - Functional imaging 532 1550 - Grade I 1540 Lymphostatic hydrocele 1539 - Gadolinium 1425, 1550 - Tuberculous meningitis 538 - Grade II 1540-1541 Lymphostatic lymphonodopathy - Hypercoagulability 540 - Variants of vascular anatomy - Grade III 1541-1542,1544 1540 - Hypersensitivity vasculitis 534 - Indirect lymphography Lysozyme 940 538 - Vasospasms 538 1542-1543 - Iliac aneurysms 547 - Venous sinus thrombosis 543 - Intestinal lymph node fibrosis M - Ilica artery stenosis 550 - Vertebral artery 533, 538 1543 M. tuberculosis 959 - Image contrast 527 - Vessel size 521 - Isotopic lymphography 1540 Macroangiopathy 393, 999, 1001 - Imaging speed 521 - Vessel targeting 521 - Keratosis 1542 Macroglossia 1825 - Imaging stratigies 527 - Vessel-wall hyperplasia 538 - Latent lymphatic insufficiency Macrophages 95, 98, 320, 354, - Inflow angiography 517 - Vesslel tortuosity 521 1540 358-360, 735, 832, 889-891, - Internal carotid artery 533 - Voxel 515 - Lichenification 1542 894, 940,943, 997, 1010, 1073 - Intracranial arteriovenous - Wegener granulomatosis 538 - Lipedema 1543-1544 Magnesium 925 malformation 540 Magnetic resonance imaging 335, - Lipodermatosclerosis 1544 Magnetic Resonance angiography - Intracranial atherosclerosis 1041,1089, 1222, 1369, 1543, - Lymph cysts 1542,1544-1545 513, 1117, 1135, 1319, 1425, 1550 539 1549-1552,1636-1637,1656, - Lymph varices 1544 - 2D measurement 527 - Intracranial occlusive disease 1661-1662,1691, 185o, 1872 - Lymphangioleiomyomatosis - 2D TOF 515, 523 538 - Diffusion-weighted imaging 1543 - 3D high resolution scan 516 - Ischemic stroke 582-583 1117,1123 - Lymphangiosarcoma 1541 - 3D measurement 527 - Isolated angiitis 538 - Ferromagnetic aneurysm dip - Lymphangioscintigraphy 1542, - 3D peripheral CEMRA 523 - Maximum intensity projection 1141 1544 - 3D TOF 515, 536 536,1550 - Ferrous devices 1662 - Lymphatic dysfunction 1540 - Abdominal aortic aneurysms - Middle cerebral artery 533, - Pacemaker 1141 - Lymphatic vessel dysplasia 549 527ff - Pacemakers 1662 1540 - Acute subarachnoid hemor• - Mobile protons 1550 - Spin-echo technique 1549 - Lymphedema praecox 1539 rhage 534, 538 - Motion control 529 - T1 weighted 1850, 1858-1859 - Lymphedema tarda 1539 - Anatomical situation 533 - Moyamoya disease 540 T2 weighted 1850,1858-1959 - Lymphocutaneous fistula 1542, - Anterior cerebral artery 533, - MR navigator 518 Mahoner-Ochsner test 395 1544-1545 538 - MTC prepulses 518 Maintenance flow rate 1871 1916 SUBJECT INDEX

Major histocompatibility - Media layer 1558 - Pancreatitis 1742 Microabscesses 950 complex I 356 Medial fibrosis 949,954 - Papaverine 1700 Microalbuminemia 1000-1001, Major histocompatibility Medial hypertrophy 955,1610, - Papaverine infusion therapy 1021,1023, 1036 complex II 356 1612-1613,1614-1616,1622 1727 Microaneurysm 1096, 1292, 1295 Major stroke 383 s. Stroke Medial necrosis 88, 96, 942 - Peptic ulcer 1740 Microangiopathic infarcts 384 Malabsorption 1851 Medial sclerosis 953 - Percutaneous transhepatic Microangiopathy 393, 997, 999, Malabsorption syndrome 1407 Mediastinal fibrosis 1645 portal venous catheterization 1001 Malaise 1766 Mediastinitis 861, 869, 1716 1730 Microballoons 1158 Maldistribution effect 1393 Medium-sized vessel vasculitis - Peritonitis 1701, 1745 Microcatheter 1116, 1118, 1124, Malignant melanoma 475, 1098, 362 - Physical examination 1702 1126, 1129, 1131, 1136, 1144, 1178 1409 Medulla oblongata syndrome - Portal thrombolysis 1730 Microcephaly 1539 Malignant middle cerebral artery 1189 - Portal vein thrombosis 1729 Microcirculation 53, 97, infarct 384 Medullary arteriovenous - Predisposing factos 1725 1493-1494 Mallory-Weiss lacerations 1734 malformation 1257 - PTA 1727-1729 - Microcirculatory dysfunction Mallory-Weiss tear 1716 - Diagnosis 1257 - Renal endarterectomy 1743 747 - Band ligation 1716 - Hemorrhage 1257 - Re-stenosis 1729 - Microcirculatory failure 1337 - Clipping 1716 - Treatment 1257,1259 - Retrograde bypass 1743 Microcoils 1131 - Coagulation therapy 1716 Medullary perfusion 1256 - Revascularization 1744 Microembolism 427, 429, 1311, - Endoscopic treatment 1716 Megakaryocytes 304 - Stenting 1727-1729 1588,1591 - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Meige's disease 1539 - Surgical approach 1740 Microembolization 763, 896, 1576 1716 Meizothrombin 300-301 - Surgical therapy 1741, 1746 Microfibrillar collagen 219 - Injection therapy 1716 Melanotropin-ACTH secretion - Thromboembolectomy 1746 - Collagen type I 219 - Perforation 1716 1842 - Thromboendarterectomy 1742 - Collagen type III 219 - Pulmonary aspiration 1716 Melena 1731 - Thrombolysis 1729 - Collagen type VI 219 Mammography 595 Membranous glomerulonephritis - Thrombolytic therapy 1701 - Damaged collagens 219 Mannitol 610, 734, 86o, 1099, 1103, 1615 - Transaortic endarterectomy - Sheet-forming collagen 219 1195, 1197, 1224, 1277,1742, 1776, Memotherm stent 1429, 1472 1742 Microguidewire 357-360, 1800 Meningioma 1128 - Vasospasm 1728 362-363,481,936,939-940, MAO inhibitors 1058 Meningism 1100, 1166 - Visceral branch endarterectomy 944> 1116, 1118, 1120, 1124, 1131, Marfan's syndrome 42, 87, 96, - Aseptic meningism 1300 1743 1599-1600,1605-1607,1708, 106,370,487, 619,982, 1057, 1075> Meningitis 945, 958-959, 1103, - Visceral bypass 1743 1762,1765 1085, 1100,1161, 1172,1292, 1559, 1174 - Visceral gangrene 1741 - Acute renal insufficiency 1765 1565, 1567, 1654, 1672 - Bacterial meningitis 538 Mesenteric ischemia 550, - Alveolar hemorrhage 1606 Mass effect 1218, 1223, 1276, - Tuberculous meningitis 538, 1701-1702,1708,1725-1726 - Arthralgia 1606 1283-1284, 1286 1292 Mesenteric occlusion syndrome - Asthma 1606 Mastoiditis 1601 Meningoencephalitis 958 1307 - cANCA 1765 - Acute mastoiditis 1516 Mental retardation 1859 Mesenteric pharmacoangiog- - Clinical manifestation 1606 Matrix 88 Mesenteric artery stenosis 1726 raphy 1732 - Corticosteroids 1765 Matrix degradation 330 Mesenteric infarction 1697 Mesenteric steal syndrome 1407 - Cyclophosphamide 1765 Matrix glycoproteins 225 - Abdominal angina 1741 Mesenteric vasoregulation 1690 - Diagnostic studies 1607 - Angiogenesis 225 - Acute abdominal pain 1701 Mesenteric vsaculitis 1605 - Diarrhea 1607 - Expression 225 - Acute mesenteric ischemia Mesna 1764 - Episcleritis 1607 - Fibronectin 225 1701,1725-1726,1745-1747 Metabolic - Focal necrotizing glomeru- - Function 225 - Angiography 1726 - Acidosis 1048, 1055 lonephritis 1765 - Integrin 22 5 - Antegrade aorto-visceral - Alkalosis 1044 - Livedo 1606 - Laminin 225 bypass 1742-1743 Metabolic effect 1837 - Mononeuritis multiplex 1606 - Matrix Gla protein 225 - Aortic dissection 1729 Metabolic syndrome X 898, 995, - Myalgia 1606 - Osteonectin 225 - Aortic membrane fenetration 998, 1021, 1830, 1833 - Necrotizing vasculitis 1606 - Secreted protein acidic and 1729 Metavinculin 206 - pANCA 1765 rich in cysteine 22 5 - Atherectomy 1729 Metformin 639, 999, 1003, 1382, - Periarthritis nodosa 1606 - Smooth muscle cell 225 - Bowel necrosis 1729,1744-1745 1831 - Pericarditis 1607 - Structure 225 - Brachytherapy 1729 Methacholine 1011 - Prognosis 1607 - Tenascin 22 5 - Chronic 550 Methamphetamine 976, 1084 - Purpura 1606 - Thrombospondin 225 - Chronic mesenteric ischemia Methemoglobin 1222, 1558 - Sprinter hemorrhage 1606 - Vascular calcification 225 1701,1727,1740-1746 Methimazole 1051, 1820 - Subacute renal insufficiency - Vascular matrix 225 - Clinical presentation 1725, Methotrexate 941-943,953,955, 1765 - Vitronectin 225 1740,1745 1604,1764 - Treatment 1607 - y-carboxyglutamic acid 225 - Complications 1728-1729 Methyldopa 1032,1034, 1056, 1774 - Urticaria 1606 Matrix metalloproteinases 88, - Conduit choise 1744 Methylen blau 1620, 1731, 1737 Microthromboembolic occlusion 217, 219, 270,279,329-330, - Coral reef atheroma 1741 15-3-methlypentadecanoic acid 1616 335-337, 1630 - Coumarin 1701 556,571 Microthrombus 97, 1615 - Matrix metalloproteinase-2 - Cutting balloon 1729 Methylprednisolone 1604, Microvascular decompression 1460 - Diagnostic 1741,1745 1765-1769 1297> 1299-1301 - Matrix metalloproteinase - Differential diagnosis 1725 Methylprogesterone acetat Microvascular dysfunction inhibitors 336 - Embolectomy 1701,1746 1834-1835 931-932 Maxwell model 158 - Embolism 1725-1726,1729 Methylxanthine 974 Microvascular malperfusion Mayfield-Kees clip 1157 - Etiology 1725, 1745 Methyphenidate 185 1338 MCP s. Monocyte chemotactic - Follow-up 1745, 1747 Meticulous technique 1117 Microvascular thrombosis 1771 protein - Glycerol trinitrate 1728 Metoclopramide 1842 Microvessels 695 MCP-1 s. Monocyte chemo- - Graft kinking 1743 Metoprolol 804, 1032, 1034 Mid aortic syndrome 1726, 1787 attractant protein-1 Heparin 1728 Metrizaminde 1136 - Aortic coarctation 1726 Mechanoreceptors 179, 804 - Hypotension 1725 Metronidazole 1770 - Renovascular hypertension - Cardioplurnonary 804 - Hypovolemia 1725 Metyrapone 1841 1726 Meckel's diverticulum 1685, 1702 - Intestinal angina 1701,1741 Metyrosine 1049 Midazolam 861 Media 667, 679, 942, 946, 952, - Ischemic bowel 1746 Mevacar 799 Thiopental 861 957-958, 1172, 1364, 1411, 1413, - Mesenteric vein thrombosis MHC s. Major histocompatibility Midbrain syndrome 1223 1489,1491-1492,1563,1612,1616, 1730,1745-1746 complex MIDCAB 88o-886 1618 - Mortalitiy 1701 MHC s. Myosin heavy chain - Accesses 882 - Focal medial scarring 1615 - Nonocclusive mesenteric MIBG s. I-123-metaiodobenzyl• - Anterior MIDCAB 881 - Media calcinosis 1364 ischemia 1725 guanidine - Anterolateral MIDCAB 883 SUBJECT INDEX 1917

- Lateral MIDCAB 883 Muddy brown granular casts - Positron-emitting tracers 556, - Acute coronary syndrome 562 Migraines 973 1775 571 - Base-to-apex gradient 567 Mineralcorticoid 1020, 1840, 1842 Mulberry gums 1601 - Potassium-43 555 - Hyperemia 567 - Receptors 1840 Multi-band ligator 1714 - Radionuclide techniques 555 - Hyperemic perfusion gradient Mineralization 104 Multiorgan failure 767 - Radiotracers 556 567 Minimal invasive management Multiple myeloma 955-956, 1050 - Risk factors 562, 565 - Longitudinal gradient 567 879 Multiple sclerosis 1142, 1851 - Rubidium-81 555-558 - Perfusion gradient 567 Minimally invasive conduit Multiple system atrophy 179 - Single photon emission - Radionuclide techniques 555 harvesting 886 - Cerebellar 179 computed tomography 556 - Rest perfusion 560 Minimally invasive direct - Parkinson's disease 179 - Single photon-emitting tracers - Risk factors 562, 565 coronary artery bypass Multipurpose catheter 6o6, 1476 555,571 - Stress perfusion 560 grafting s. MID CAB Multipurpose technique 620 - Syndrome X 570 Myocardial protection 862 Miniphlebectomies 1529 Mural atrophy 86, 96 - Tracer tissue kinetics 557 Myocardial reperfusion 863 Minnesota tube 1697 Mural cohesion 84 Myocardial catabolism 727 Myocarditis 949,952-953, Minor stroke 383 s. Stroke Mural disruption 81, 94 Myocardial cooling 863 958-960, 1823 Miosis 1084, 1223 Mural dissection 88, 96 Myocardial dysfunction 732 - Eosinophilic myocarditis 1605 Mircoangiopathic hemolytic - Pathology 88 Myocardial fibrosis 945, 1844 - Granulomatous myocarditis anemia 1777 Mural tears 93 Myocardial hypertrophy 570, 945 Mitomycin 1770 Mural tension 90 1823-1825 Myocardium 518, 980-981 Mitral regurgitation 605, 614 Mural thrombus 237, 333, 1363, - Borderline hypertension 570 Myocaridal bridges 603, 619 Mitral stenosis 473,1627,1629 1660-1661 - Dipyridamole 570 Myocytes 52,722,980,990,1847 - Alveolar edema 473 Mural weakness 94 - Left ventricular hypertrophy - K-myocytes 52, 1492 Mitral valve prolapse 1654 Muscarinic receptor 729, 892, 570 - M-myocytes 52, 1492 Mixed angina 380 s. Angina 989, 1334, 1853 - Obstructive hypertrophic Myoelotoxicity 1092 Mixed cryoglobulins 1765 Muscle vein thrombosis 1515,1520 cardiomyopathy 570 Myofibroblasts 209, 1610, 1612, Mixed venous oxygen saturation Muscular atrophy 1504 Myocardial infarction 159, 279, 1614,1625 1642 Myalgia 1045,1606, 1763 596, 614, 617, 630, 695, 732, 746, - Carcinomatous desmoplasie MLC s. Myosin light chain Mycobacteria 357, 958-959 780,784,792,855,943-944,946, 209 MMP s. Matrix metalloproteinases Myelogram 1253 950-958, 972, 976, 1000, lOU, - Collagen type III synthesis Modified Maxwell model 158 Myelopathy 1249 1021,1025,1027,1048, 1056, 1830, 210 Modulation transfer function 599 - Chronic myelopathy 1285, 1289 1840,1851 - Comparative features 209 Modulus of elasticity 342 - Congestive myelopathy 1259 - Acute infract-related mitral - Cytoskeletal features 209 Moexipril 1032, 1034 - Necrotizing myelopathy 1263 insufficiency 767 - Desmin 211 Molecular cross-linking 1458 Myeloperoxidase 358-359, 939, 944 - Acute myocardial infarction - Distribution 209 Molecular scission 84 Myelotomy 746 - Dupuyrten's contracture 209 Molsidomin 901 - Longitudinal 1289 - Acute-phase protein 750 - Fate 211 Monamine oxidase - Median 1289 - Antiplatelet agents 751 - Fibrogenesis 210 Monckeberg's sclerosis 1364 Myocardial atrophy 735 - Arterial wall mechanics 159 - Fibromatosis 209 Moncytes 1450 Myocardial blood flow 555 - Aspartate aminotransferase - Function 210 Mondor disease 1506 - ZOlTJ+ 555-558 750 - Granulocyte macrophage- Monoamine oxidase inhibitor - 99mTc 556-558 - Cardiogenic shock 767 colony stimulating factor 211 1037 - 99mTc sestamibi 560 - C-reactive protein 750 - Heparin 211 Monoclonal antiglobulin 1766 - ••mTc tetrofosmin 560 - Creatine kinase 749 - Interleukin 1-a 211 Monocyte chemoattractant - Abnormal myocardial blood - Electrocardiography 749 - Ito cells 210 protein-1 245,269,890,893, flow 571 - Intraaortic balloon pumping - Lipocytes 210 940,1335 - Acute coronary syndrome 562 754,767 - Normal tissue 210 Monocytes 96, 102, 212, 269, - Adenosine 563 - Lactate dehydrogenase 750 - Pathological conditions 210 354-355,358-360,832, 891, 938, - Analysis of images 560 - Mortality 762 - Phenotypes 210 940, 997, 1000, 1010, 1073, 1337, - Cardiomyopathy 570 - Multiorgan failure 767 - Repair phenomena 209 1823 - Cationic tracers 555 - Myoglobin 750 - Strutcure 209 Mononeuritis multiplex 1602, - Cold pressure testing 566 - Non-Q-wave myocardial - Transforming growth factor-fJ 1605-1606, 1608 - Congenital cyanotic heart infarction 747,750 211 Monopolar coagulation 1712-1713 disease 570 - Non-ST-elevation myocardial - Tumor necrosis factor-a 211 Moon face 1840 - Coronary artery disease 561, infarction 746, 750 - Vimentin 211 Morphine 632, 751 564 - Platelet activation 751 - a-smooth muscle 211 3-morpholino-sydnonimine 190 - Coronary vasomotor function - Reinfarction rate 762 - fJ-smooth muscle 206 Mortalitiy 630 Coronary artery 565,567 - ST -elevation myocardial - y-interferon 211 application 526, 602 - Dipyridamole 563 infarction 747,750 - y-smooth muscle 211 Mosaic perfusion 468 - Display of images 560 - Symptoms 747 Myofllaments 205 Moses sign 394 - Endothelial function 566 - Thrombolytic therapy 756 Myogenic mechanisms 1754 Motilin 1844 - Epinephrine 566 - Tropomyosin 750 Myogenic reflex 165, 1754 Motor neglect syndrome 384 - First pass extraction fraction - Troponin C 750 - Capillary-tissue micro- Motor neurons 175 557 - Troponin I 747 environment 165 Moyamoya disease 540, 1085, - First pass retention fraction - Troponin T 747 - Effector cells 166 1087, 1267,1292-1295 557 - Ventricular rupture 767 - Sensor cells 166 - Diagnostic 1292 - Geographic map 561 - Ventricular septum defect 767 Myogenic theory 1754 - Encephaloduro-arterio- - Hyperemia 557 - Wall aneurysm 767 Myoglobin 737, 750, 972 synangiosis 1295 - Hyperemic blood flow 564 Myocardial intersitial fibrosis Myopathy 1075, 1083 - Encephalo-myo-spnangiosis - Measurement 558, 563 1823 Myosin 205, 939 1295 - Mental stress 567 Myocardial ischemia 84, 669, 729, - Filament 915 - Hemorrhage 1293 - Myocardial hypertrophy 570 895, 982-985 - Heavy chain 206, 1819 - Ischemia 1293 - N-ammonia 559 Myocardial necroses 733 - Light chain 206,915-917 - Manifestation 1293 - Noncoronary artery disease Myocardial oxygen 987-989 - Light chain kinase 915-917 - Pathology 1292 570 - Myocardial oxygen consump• - Light chain phosphatase - Therapy 1293 - Normal human myocardium tion 164, 167 915-917 MRI s. Magnetic resonance 563 - Myocardial oxygen extraction - Myosin heavy chain isoforms imaging 0-labeled water 559 164 206,917 Mucocutaneous lymph node - Perfusion gradient 567 Myocardial oxygenation 863 - Myosin light chain isoforms syndrome 360-361,945, 1763 - Positron emission tomography Myocardial perfusion 163, 555, 206 s. Kawasaki disease 558 718, 731, 790 - fJ-myosin 1819 1918 SUBJECT INDEX

Myxedema 1051 - Sickle-cell nephropathy 1776 Neurotomy 1299 Nicotinamide adenine dinu• Myxoma 1156 Nephrosclerosis 1024 Neurotransmitter 176, 177, 179, cleotide phosphate 191, 248 - Atrial myxoma 603 - Hypertensive nephrosclerosis 723, 736, 991, 1690, 1696-1697> Nicotine 781, 793, 975-976, 1037, 1774-1775 1753> 1812, 1815, 1840 1348,1436 N Nephrosis 1776,1840 - Dopamine 177,181, 86o, 925, Nifedipine 733, 805-806, 926, N -acetyl galactosamine 207 Nephrotic syndrome 1102, 1515, 1047-1048,1224,1752-1753, 1349,1774 N-acetyl glucosamine 207 1539,1766-1768,1776 1806, 1813-1814, 1844 Nimodipine 1102, 1159, 1168 '3N-ammonia 557-560, 563-564, Nephrotoxicity 1342 - Encephalin 177 Nitinol 1663 579 Nerve blockade 1338 - Epinephrine 304, 566, 610, Nitinol stent 1305-1307 NADH/NADPH oxidase 894 Nerve growth factor 182 1047-1048, 1334> 1714,1718,1723, Nitrate tolerance 901 Nadolol 804, 1032, 1034, 1698 Nervous reflex 166 1813-1815,1840 Nitrates 804-805 NADPH s. Nicotinamide adenine Nervous system - y-aminobutyric acid 177 Nitric oxide 166,191, 197, 221, 691, dinucleotide phosphate - Acetylcholinergic muscarinic - Glutamate 177 782-783,789,805,887-903,924, Nadroparin 756 receptors 168 - Glycerine 177 927, 992-993, 996, 998, Naftidrofuryl 1389, 1392, 1394, - Adrenergic receptors 168 - Neuropeptide Y 730, 927, 991 1010-1012,1054,1393,1620-1621, 1452 - Angiotensin II 169 - Neuropeptides 177, 181 1624,1628, 1643-1645> 1647> Naloxone 632, 641 - Autonomic components 175 - Norepinephrine 728, 925, 1689-1690,1692-1693,1752, NAME s. arginine - Autonomic nervous control 990-991, 1019,1047-1048, 1054, 1755-1756, 1829, 1834, 1838, 1848 N-ammonia 559 168 1224, 1334, 1690, 1693> 1756, Nitric oxide synthase deficient Nasal polyposis 1605 - Bradykinin 169 1813-1815,1840 736 Natriuretic peptide 193, 198, 1847 - Central nervous system 175 - Oxytocin 177, 1812 Nitrogen 13 579 - AT-1 194 - Chronotropic effect 168 - Purines 177 Nitroglycerin 154,380, 632,751, - Atrial natriuretic peptide 193, - Efferent sympathetic fibers - Serotonin 170, 177, 185, 191, 197, 769, 783, 805, 922,925, 1847-1848 169 252, 304, 693, 723, 888-889, 892, 1056-1057,1089,1407, 1697> 1732 - Brain natriuretic peptide 193, - Humoral control 168 896, 913-917, 925, 1334> 1339, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1847 - Leukotrienes 169 1621-1622, 1690, 1844-1845 1073 - C-type natriuretic peptide 193, - Motor neurons 175 - Substance P 177, 691, 693, 724, NNOS s. Neuronal NO-Synthase 198,1847 - Neurotransmitter 176,991, 892-893, 913, 924, 1336, NO bioavailability 192 - Interleukin 193 1815,1840 1844-1845 NO production 192 - Myocytes 1847 - Noradrenaline 168 Neurovascular compartment 639, NO s. Nitric oxide - Natriuretic peptide receptors - Parasympathetic innervation 649 NO synthase 566, 569,1335, 1337, 193,1847 168,177 Neurovascular compression 1620,1755 - Renin-angiotensin system 194 - Peripheral nervous system 175 syndrome 1357, 1405 Nocturia 1777 - Shear stress 193 - Postsynaptic receptors 168 - Acral oscillography 1405 Nocturnal angina 380 s. Angina - Transforming growth factor - Presynaptic receptors 168 - Cervical spine syndrome 1405 Nonhemispheric motor deficit 193 - Prostacyclin 169 - Costoclavicular compression 1576 Natural killer cells 354 - Sensory neurons 175 1405 Nonhemispheric sensory deficit Nausea 949, 1056,1082,1842 - Somatic components 175 - Differential diagnosis 1405 1576 Navier-Stokes equation 139, 141, - Sympathetic innervation 176 - Doppler pressure measurement Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 948 142 - Sympathetic nervous fibers 1405 Noninflammatory vasculopathies NBCA s. N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate 168 - Impingement effect 1405 538 s. vasculitis N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate 1128, - Thromboxane 169 - Neurovascular impingment Noninvasiv blood flow 553 1136,1139-1142,1250,1256,1857 Neuological deficits 383 1405 - Cerebral blood flow 577 Nd:YAG laser coagulation 1713, Neural palsy 639 - Paresthesia 1405 - Myocardial blood flow 555 1718, 1721, 1723 Neural spinal muscular atrophy - Pectoralis minor syndrome Noninvasiv perfusion evaluation Near infrared spectroscopy 577 1366 1405 553 Nebivolol 901 Neurocardiogenic syncope 804 - Pulse status 1405 - Cerebral perfusion 577 Neck pain 1256 Neuroendocrine carcinoma 1846 - Scalenus anterior syndrome - Myocardial perfusion 555 Neck stiffness 1166 Neuroendocrine dysfunction 988 1405 Noninvasiv vascular diagnostic Necrosis 891, 1073, 1390, 1454 Neuroendocrine tumor 1823 - Symptoms 1405 methods 399 - Bone necrosis 1367 Neurofibromatosis 651, 1292, 1414 - Treatment 1406 - Abdominal aortic aneurysms - Fibrinoid necrosis 1096, 1610, Neurogenic hypertension 1300 - Venous occlusion plethysmog- 462 1612,1614-1615,1769,1777 Neuroglycopenia 1842 raphy 1406 - Acute deep venous thrombosis - Ischemic actue tubular Neurohumoral regulation 1689 Neurovascular impingment 1405 414-415 necrosis 1775 Neurological aura 1086 Neurovegetative regulation 175 Air plethysmography 400, 416 - Papillary necrosis 1776 Neuronal NO synthase 191,736, - Acute autonomic dysfunction - Ankle-brachial index 401 Periosteal necrosis 1139 889 181 - Aortic arch vessels 458 Necrotizing granuloma 16oo, Neurons - Autonomic insufficiency 180 - Aortic dissection 460 1605 - Baroreceptive neurons 179 - Autonomic nervous system - B-mode ultrasound 400 Necrotizing polyangiitis 362-363 - Cardiovagal neurons 179 175 - Cerebrovascular ultrasound Necrotizing pulmonary arteritis - Motor neurons 175 - Chronic syndromes 180 420 1623 - Parasympathetic neurons 176 - Clinical characteristics 182 - Chronic venous insufficiency Necrotizing vasculitis 362, 944, - Preganglionic neurons 175 - Diagnostic 182 416 960, 1083, 1606 - Sensory neurons 175 - Disturbed orthostatic control - Cold challenge testing 408 Nematodes 475 - Sympathoexcitatory neurons 179 - Color-flow duplex 400, 417 Neointimallining 239 179 - Endocrine system 175 - Computed tomography 443 Neovascularisation 330, 1338 Neuropathy 944,948, 952, 995, - Hypothalamus 175 - Computed tomography Nephrectomy 1042, 1456, 1771, 997> 999, 1010-1011, 1091, 1390, - Neurotransmitter 176, 991, angiography 443,467 1778, 1787,1792,1796, 1806,1858 1494 1815,1840 - Continuous-wave Doppler 398 Nephritis 939 - Autonomic neuropathy 1010, - Normotension 178 - Conventional CT 443 Nephrocalcinosis 1050, 1843 1013,1842 - Reflex syncope 180 - Coronary multirow detector Nephrogenic phase 651 - Femoral neuropathy 631 - Therapeutic modalities 184 CT 453 Nephrolithectomy 1795 - Optic neuropathy 1763 - Vascular system 175 - Digital photoplethysmography Nephrolithiasis 1050,1359,1761 - 1602 Neutropenia 752 408 Nephropathy 995-997, 999-1001, - Peripheral sensory neuropathy Newton's law 140 - Doppler analog waveform 1004, 1036,1083,1091 1347 Newtonian fluids 702 analysis 403 Idiopathic membranous Neuropeptide Y 730,927, 991 NH-2 Vitek catheter 1325 - Doppler ultrasonography 398 nephropathy 1767 Neuropeptides 177, 181 Niacin 799 - Doppler waveforms 401 Ischemic nephropathy 1757, Neurophilic leukocytosis 1604 Nicardipine 1056 - Duplex ultrasonography 399, 1759, 1787, 1798 Neurotensin 1844 Nickel 833 404,409,414 SUBJECT INDEX 1919

- ECG-correlated cardiac CT Occult gastrointestinal bleeding - Postural orthostatic tachy- Pancreatic duct hemorrhage 1734 446 1702 cardia syndrome 179 Pancreatic polypeptide 1844 - Electron beam CT 447 - Angiodysplasia 1702 - Pure autonomic failure 179 Pancreatic pseudocysts 1731 - Exercise testing 403 - Arteriovenous malformations - Reflex syncope 179 Pancreatitis 1605,1733-1734,1742 - Fast multislice cardiac CT 447 1702 Orthostatism 1841 - Acute pancreatitis 1695, 1703 - Flow velocities 406, 413 - Blue rubber bleb neuve Oscillatory shear index 148 Panniculitis 1505 - Impedance plethysmography syndrome 1702 Oscillography 1369-1370, 1403, Papaverine 565, 643, 693, 705, 708, 400 - CREST syndrome 1702 1406 892, 1009, 1121, 1142, 1168, 1353, - Intravasal ultrasound 455 - Fecal occult blood test 1702 - Acral 1404-1406, 1410 1591,1700 - Living renal donor 464 - Hereditary hemorrhagic - Electronic oscillography 1369 - Papaverine hydrochloride 882 - Lower extremity vascular teleangiectasia 1702 - Mechanical oscillography 1369 - Papaverine infusion therapy disease 464 - Iron-deficiency anemia 1702 - Oscillographyic index 1369 1727 - Multislice spiral CT 445 - Meckel's diverticulum 1702 - Segmental 1408-1410 Papillary muscle rupture 596 - Photoplethysmography 400, - Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome Osmotherapy 1091, 1099 Papilledema 1021, 1052, 1130, 1249, 416 1702 Osmotic gradient 1752, 1775 1251, 1517,1774 - Plethysmography 400 Ochitis 1861 Osteitis fibrosa cystica 1050, 1843 Papillomatosis cutis lymphostatica - Pressure measurements 401 Octreotide 1696-1697, 1699, 1824, Osteoarthritis 1408, 1493 1542 - Pulmonary embolism 461, 467 1845 Osteocalcin 501 Paracetamol 1089 - Pulmonary vascular Ocular-tilt-reaction 1079 Osteogenesis imperfecta 1161 Paradoxic hypotension 804 application 466 Oculomotor nerve palsy 1188 Osteomyelitis 1367 Paradoxical cardiac embolism - Pulse volume recordings 403 Oculoplethysmography 577 Osteonectin 225, 501 386 - Pulsed doppler 399 Odynopagia 1716 Osteopenia 1045, 1544 Paradoxical vasoconstriction - Renal arery stenosis 463 Off-pump 855, 859, 879-880 Osteophytes 1326 888,890-893,895-89h899-901 - Segmental pressure measure- Ohm's law 707, 1333 Osteopontin 501 Para!Iemophilia 296 ment 402, 407 Oil 794 Osteoporosis 1512 Paralysis 1079, 1223, 1259, 1352 - Single slice cardiac CT 447 OKT3 1770 Osteroarthritis 1504 - Contralateral paralysis 1078 - Single-slice spiral CT 444 Oligoanuria 1775-1776 Osterohypertrophy 1414 Paraneoplastic 357 - Splanchnic vessels 464 Oligoarthritis 1505 Orthostatic intolerance 179ff Paraoxonase 1000 - Strain-Gauge plethysmography Oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia - Autonomic insufficiency 181 Paraparesis 1263, 1570 400 1864 - Diagnostic 182 Paraplantar corona 395 - Thoracic aneurysms 461 Oligodendroglioma 1263 - Head upright tilt table testing Paraplegia 1285,1557 - Toe-brachial index 401 Oligomenorrhea 1050, 1829 180 Parasitic emboli 473 - Traumatic aortic injury 461 Olivecrona clip 1157 - Multiple system atrophy 179 Parasympathetic innervation 168 Nonischemic DCM 987-990,992 Ophthalmodynamometry 577 - Neurodegenerative disorders Parasympethetic nervous system Non-Q-wave myocardial Ophthalmoplegia 1079, 1083,1102, - Orthostatic hypotension 180 1815,1842 infarction 824-825, 828, 857 1130,1177-1178,1191,1849 - Postural orthostatic tachy- - Acetylcholine 1815 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory - External ophthalmoplegia cardia syndrome 179 - Automonic ganglia 1815 drug 1756 1602 - Pure autonomic failure 179 - Gastrin 1815 Nonsyphilitic interstinal keratitis Optic atrophy 1849 - Reflex syncope 179 - Insulin 1815 949 Optic fundus hemorrhage 1354 - Therapy 184 - Postganglionic parasymthetic Nonthyroidal illness syndrome Optic nerve atrophy 1103 Otitis media 1517 nerve endings 1815 1821 Oral anticoagulants 291, 757, 1093, Outflow resistance 1498 - Secretin 1815 Nooman's syndrome 1539 1103,1511-1513,1516,1519 Ovarian carcinoma 1519 Parathyroid gland adenoma 1843 Noradrenaline 168, 177,1753 - Acute bleeding 1512 Ovarian hyperstimulation Parathyroid gland carcinoma No-reflow phenomenon 736, 1337 - Albumin 1512 syndrome 1516 1843 Norepinephrine 728, 925, - Brain tumor 1512 Over-the-wire catheter 1116,1136, Parathyroid gland hyperplasia 990-991, 1019, 1047-1048, 1054, - Contraindications 1512-1513 1309 1843 1224, 1334> 1690, 1693, 1756, - Coumarins 1512 Over-the-wire Fogarty balloon Parathyroid hormone 1843-1844 1813-1815,1840 - Endocarditis 1512 1477 - and vascular system 1843 - Metanephrine 1048,1054 - Factor II 1512 Oxalosis 1414 - Calcium 1843 - Normetanephrine 1048 - Factor IX 1512 Oxidative metabolism 571 - Hypercalcemia 1844 - Vanillymandelic acid 1048 - Factor V mutation 1513 Oxidative phosphorylation 1819 - Hyperparathyroidism 1843 Normal LV mass index 134 - Factor VII 1512 Oxidative stress 100, 889, 891, - Hypocalcemia 1843 Normotension 178 - Factor X 1512 893-894, 897, 900,922, 1540 - Hypoparathyroidism 1844 - Baroreceptors 179 - Gastrointestinal ulcers 1512 Oxidized LDL 99, 102, 192, 995, Hypovitminosis D 1843 - Diastolic pressure 179 - Head trauma 1512 997, 1012, 1450 - Parathyroid gland adenoma - Mechanoreceptors 179 - Hemorrhagic stroke 1512 Oxygen consumption 1820 1843 - Orthostatic response 178 - International normalized ratio Oxygen extraction fraction 579 - Parathyroid gland carcinoma - Peripheral vascular resistance 1512-1513 Oxyhemoglobin 1167, 1222 1843 179 - Malignant hypertension 1512 Oxyphenbutazone 1607 - Parathyroid gland hyperplasia - Pressure receptors 178 - Pharmacokinetic 1512 Oxytocin 177, 1812 1843 - Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone - Pregnancy 1512-1513 - Parathyroid hormone-related system 179 - Proliferative retinopathy 1512 p protein 1844 Norwood operation 1563 - Protein C 1512-1513 Pacemaker 1088,1516 - Phosphate 1843 NOS s. NO-synthases - ProteinS 1512-1513 Pacemaker wire 474 - Physiology 1843 NO-synthases 166,191 - Pulmonary embolism 1513 Paclitaxel 833 - PTH 1843 Notch 1083 - Pulmonary tuberculosis 1512 PAF s. Platelet activating factor - Secondary hyperpara- Notch signaling 29 - Renal failure 1512 Paget's disease 1020, 1298 thyroidism 1843 Novocaine 1353 - Skin necrosis 1513 Paget-von-Schroetter's syndrome Parathyroid hormone-related NSAID 1698, 1701, 1756 - Thrombopenia 1512 1544 peptide 1848 5' nucleotidase 72 - Vitamin K antagonist 1512 PAI-1 s. Plasminogen activator Parathyroid hormone-related Nystagmus 1079, 1084,1102, 1191 Oral contraceptive 1020, 1037, inhibitor-I protein 1844 1091, 1102, 1292, 1494, 1507,1517, Pallor 1048, 1423 Parathyroidectomy 1843 0 1703, 1770, 1833-1834 Palmaz stent 1428,1472-1474 Parenchymal edema 1133 •50 water 556, 559-560, 563,579 Orchidoplexy 1861 Palpitation 380, 1024, 1047, Parenchymal hemorrhage 1634 Obesity 1019,1021, 1076,1450, 1840 Orthner's disease 1407 1050-1051 Paresis 1077-1079, 1557 Obstructive intimal proliferation Orthostatic control 179 Panarteritis nodosa 1404 Paresthesia 1050, I08I-I082, 1352, 1610 - Autonomic insufficiency 181 Pancreaspseudocyst hemorrhage 1405, 1423, 1434 Obstructive sleep apnea 1020 - Multiple system atrophy 179 1734 Parkinson's syndrome 1463 Obstructive uropathy 1039 - Orthostatic intolerance 179 Pancreatic carcinoma 1519 Parotitis 1861 1920 SUBJECT INDEX

Partial anomalous pulmonary Penetration 1136, 1138 - Acute lower extremities - Risk factors 1451, 1456 venous return 493 Penicillamine 359 occlusion 1358 - Scleroderma 1423 Partial hemilaminectomy 1254 Penicillin 958, 1770 - Acute mesenteric artery - Secondary prophylaxis 1453, Partial saphenectomy 1529, 1536 Penile angiography 1870-1871 occlusion 1359 1460 Partial thromboplastin time 299, Penile erectile dysfuntion 654 - Acute occlusion 1352-1359 - Sjogren's syndrome 1423 1090,1222,1511-1512,1771 Penile erection 1867 - Acute palmar arch occlusion - Smoking 1348 Patent ductus arteriosus s. Ductus Penile prothesis 1873 1357 - Subclavian endolumial grafting arteriosus Penile revascularization 1872 - Acute peripheral artery 1430 Patent foramen ovale 1081, 15-pentadecanoic acid 556, 571 ischemia 1351 - Subclavian steal 1423 1084-1086,1093,1616 Pentasaccharides 1513 - Acute renal artery occlusion - Subclavian stenting 1426-1427 Pathology 76 Pentoxifylline 1392, 1394, 1452, 1359 - Surgical mangement 1426 - Aneurysm 87 1504,1657 - Acute subclavian artery - Symptoms 1423 - Angioplasty 105 Penumbra 1071-1073 occlusion 1357 - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Apoptosis 98 Peptic ulcer 861, 1734, 1740 - Age 1347 1339.1423 - Atherosclerosis 89 Percutaneous retrograde - Aging 1449,1458-1459-1464 - Systemic sclerosis 1339 - Bioengineering fatigue 81 embolization 1865 - Amputation 1347, 1349, 1454 - Takayasu's disease 1422-1423, - Bruits 84 Percutaneous tranluminal - Angiography 1425 1426 - Calcific disorder 103 angioplasty 68o, 786-789, - Antiplatelet therapy 1349 - Therapeutic outcome 1452, - Collateral vessels 77 1395-1400,1452-1453.1788 - Atherosclerosis 1450, 1459 1460 - Diabetes mellitus 101 - Atherotomy catheter 1397 - Atrial fibrillation 1423 - Thrombectomy 1453 - Early lesions 90 - Brachytherapy 1398 - Blue finger syndrome 1426 - Thromboangiitis obliterans - Ectasia 86 - Complication 1398 - Buerger's disease 1339, 1422 1451 - Endocardial sclerosis 108 - Debulking 1396 - Bypass grafting 1453 - Thrombolysis 1453 - Genetics 101 - Embolectomy catheter 1397 - Chronic arterial obstruction - Tricolor discoloration 1423 - Hemodynamic So - Intra-arterial fibrinolysis 1396 1338 - Upper extremity 1422 - Hemodynamic stress 81 - Local lytic therapy 1397 - Chronic peripheral artery - Vasospasm 1338-1339 - Inflammatory disorder 102 - Restenosis 1398 ischemia 1363 - Vena cava syndrome 1430 - Koch's postulates 84 - Rotational atherectomy 1396 - Classification 1452 - X-ray angiography 1342 - Lymphangiosclerosis 108 - Selding technique 1396 - Comorbidity 1449, 1456, 1459 Peripheral cyanosis 1542 - Malformation 89 - Soft thrombotic debris 1398 - Compression syndrome 1423 Peripheral 389,1633 - Miscellaneous diseases 107 - Stenosis 1395-1400 - Computed tomographic - Decreased oncotic trans- - Mural dissection 88 - Streptokinase 1397 angiography 1342 capillary pressure 390 - Mural tears 93 Percutaneous transhepatic portal - Contrast-enhanced MRA 1343 - Decreased venous outflow 390 - Murmurs 84 venous catheterization 1730 - Cost-effectiveness issue 1453 - Lymphatic disorders 390 - Oxidative stress 100 Perforation 1119, 1138, 1716 - Definition 1451 - Membrane disorders 390 - Phlebosclerosis 107 - Endoscopic perforator - Diabetes mellitus 1347 Peripheral nervous system 175 - Progeric syndrome 106 dissection 1532 - Diabetic foot syndrome 1454 - Autonomic components 175 - Secondary vascular - Nonselective subfascial - Dupuytren's contracture 1423 - Autonomic reflex 175 complication 97 perforator vein dissection 1533 - Endarterectomy 1453 - Cardiac muscles 175 - Stenosing lesion 86 Perforator incompetence 1500, 27 - Endovascular management - Cranial nerves 175 - Trauma 105 Perforator valve 1498 1426 - Digestive functions 175 - Ulceration 93 Perforator varicosity 1531-1532 - Epidemiology 1451 - Gastrointestinal tract 175 - Vascular biology 98 Perforator vein incompetence - Etiology 1428,1451 - Glands 175 - Vascular disease 76 1493 - Fibromuscular disease 1423 - Involuntary function 175 - Vascular system 76 Perfusion lung scan 1635 - Fontaine's scheme 152 - Neurotransmitter 176, 991, - Vascular variation 77 Periaortic hematoma 1559 - Foot ulcer 1347 1815,1840 - Vibrating tool disease 108 Periaortitis 102 - Giant cell arteritis 1339, 1422 - Nucleus tractus solitari 175 - Visceral arteries 107 Periarteritis nodosa 1404, 1412, - Hypercholesterolemia 1349 - Parasympathatic preganglionic Pauci-immune vasculitis 358-359, 1605-1606, 1703 - Hypertension 1348 axons 175 363,944.1601,1605,1607-1608, Peribiliary plexus 1689 - Intermittent claudication - Parasympathetic ganglia 175 1762-1763,1766 Pericard tamponade 946 1348-1349.1452-1453 - Parasympathetic innervation Payr sign 394 Pericardiotomy 884 - Intravascular ultrasound 1349, 177 PC resistance 1494-1495,1520 Pericarditis 950, 952,954, 958, 1425,1428 - Preganglionic neurons 175 PCA s. Phase contrast 1607,1716 - Life expectancy 1454 - Skeletal muscles 175 angiography Pericyte 54, 1689 - Limb viability 1454 - Smooth muscles 175 PD s. Pulsed doppler Perigraft inflammatory 1669 - Limb-threatening ischemia - Somatic components 175 PDGF s. Platelet -derived growth Perimedullary arteriovenous 1342 - Sympathatic preganglionic factor fistula 1259-1261 - Lower extremity 1433 axons 175 PDGFR s. Platelet-derived growth - Diagnosis 1259 - Macrovascular disease 1347 - Sympathetic ganglia 175 factor Receptor - Embolization 1260 - Microvascular disease 1347 - Sympathetic innervation 176 Peabody sign 394 - Therapy 1259 - MRA 1425 - Visceral functions 175 Pectoralis minor syndrome 1405 - Treatment 1260 - Normal blood flow 1333 - Visceral sensory nerves 175 Pedaledema 1435 Perimedullary drainage 1250 - Pallor 1423 Peripheral perfusion 1337 Peliosis hepatis 1707 Periorbital edema 1246 - Paresthesia 1423 Peripheral resistance 179, 1392, - Anabolic steroids Peripartum angiopathy 1085 - Percutaneous transluminal 1820,1824 - Bartonella henselae 1708 Periperal venous pump 1504 angioplasty 1452-1453 Peripheral vascular disease 388, - Peritoneal hemorrhage 1708 Peripheral artery disease 1331 - Peripheral sensory neuropathy 995. 1016, 1022, 1027, 1036 - Tuberculosis 1707 - Acute aortoiliac occlusion 1347 - Abdominal angina 393 Pelvic arteriography 637, 654 1357 - Physiology 1333 - Abdominal aorta aneurysms Pelvic arteriovenous aneurysms - Acute arterial obstruction - Prevention 1347 393 1857 1337-1338 - Procedures 1452 - Acute arterial ischemic - Dysuria 1857 - Acute axillary artery occlusion - Prognosis 1454 syndromes 391 - Hematuria 1857 1357 - Progression 1454 - Acute peripheral ischemia 392 - Impotence 1857 - Acute brachial artery occlusion - Pulselessness 1423 - Acute peripheral venous - Rectal tenesmus 1857 1357 - Quality-of-life 1453 syndromes 394 - Retroperitoneal hemorrhage - Acute digital arteries occlusion - Raynaud's syndrome - Acute venous syndromes 394 1857 1357 1338-1339· 1423 - Acute visceral ischemia 392 - Scrotal edema 1857 - Acute femoropopliteal occlusion - Rest pain 1423, 1453 - Acute visceral venous - Symptoms 1857 1357 - Restenosis 1453 syndromes 394 Pelvic vein thrombosis 1360 - Acute iliac occlusion 1357 - Rheumatoid arthritis 1423 - Adson's test 394 SUBJECT INDEX 1921

- Allen's test 393 - Brachytrophic tissue 1489 - Pathomorphology 1491 - Microthromboembolic - Allergies 389 - Deep crural veins 1489 - Pathophysiology 1491 occlusion 1616 - Ankle-brachial index 392 - Deep system 1489 - Phlebitis 1492,1494,1505-1506 - Patent foramen ovale 1616 - Atherosclerotic disease 393 - Direct perforating veins 1489 - Phlebitis migrans 1506 - Right-to-left shunt 1616 - Atherothrombosis 393 - Double tube-like system 1489 - Phlebitis saltans 1506,1520 - Persistent truncus arteriosus - Autonomic polyneuropathy - Epifascial veins 1490 - Phlebosclerosis 1491 s. Ductus arteriosus 393 - Functional anatomy 1489 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens Perthes test 395 - Bisgaard sign 394 - Indirect perforating veins 1489 1507-1508,1514-1515 Pertussis toxin 190, 733, 889 - Blue toe syndrome 392 - Muscle veins 1490-1491 - Physiology 1490 PET s. Positron emission - Cardiovascular risk profile 388 - Orangization 1489 - Postthrombotic syndrome tomography - Chronic arterial ischemic - Proximal deep veins 1490 1507,1511,1513-1516 Petechiae 1605 syndromes 393 - Superficial system 1489 - Primary phlebosclerosis 1492 Petechial hemorrhages - Chronic arterial peripheral - Transfascial system 1489 - Progressive fibrous proliferation 1096-1097 syndromes 393 - Valves 1489 1494 Peterson incremental elasticity - Chronic arterial visceral - Valvular sinus 489 - Protein C deficiency 1494 modulus 132

syndromes 393 - Venous confluence 1489 - Protein S deficiency 1494 PG H2 s. Prostaglandin H 2 - Chronic peripheral venous Peripheral venous disease 1487 - Prothrombin 20210A mutation PGHS s. Cyclooxygenase syndromes 395 - Acquired hypercoagulability 1494 PGI 2 s. Prostacyclin - Chronic venous insufficiency 1494 - Pulmonary embolism 1507, Phagocytic activity 86 395 - Allergic contact eczema 1501 1511, 1513-1518 Phagocytosis 102, 355 - Chronic venous syndromes - Anatomy 1489 - Purpura jaune d'ocre 1501 Pharmacopenile duplex ultra- 395 - Antiphospholipid antibody - Reflux 1493 sonography 1870 - Chronic visceral venous 1495 - Saphenous varicosity 1498, Phase contrast angiography 515 syndromes 395 - Antithrombin III deficiency 1500 Phase transfer function 599 - Common thrombophlebitis 1494 - Seondary phlebosclerosis 1492 Phasmapheresis 1766 394 - APC resistance 1494-1495 - Septic phlebitis 1505 Phencyclidine intoxication 1084 - Complaints 388 - Arteriovenous anastomosis - Sequelae 1500 Phenformin 1003 - Deep vein thrombosis 395 1493 - Spider veins 1498 Phenobarbital 1103 - Denecke sign 394 - Arteriovenous fistula 1492 - Stasis eczema 1501 Phenoxybenzamine 1049, 1407, - Diabetic arteriopathy 393 - Artherogenic stasis syndrome - Superior vena cava thrombosis 1410 - Fontaine classification 393 1500 1516 Phenprocoumon 291, 1399, 1701 - High-grade stenoses 390 - Ascending saphenous phlebitis - Surgical approach 1526 Phentermine 976 - Homan sign 394 1506 - Thrombophilia 1516,1519-1521 Phentolamine 732, 1049, 1407 - Hyperpigmentation 395 - Atrophie blanche 1501 - Thrombosis 1492-1495,1505 Phenytoin 1090, 1224, 1300 - Illness 388 - Blowout varix 1498 - Transfascial venous system Pheochromocytoma 1020, 1024, - Linton test 395 - Branch varicosity 1498 1492 1047-1049,1058,1842, 1847 - Louvel sign 394 - Central flow obstruction 1492 - Transmural pressure 1492 - Cardiogenic shock 1842 - Lowenberg sign 394 - Cerebral venous thrombosis - Trophic skin 1507 - Cerebral hemorrhage 1842 - Low-grade stenoses 390 1494,1517 - Valvular incompetence 1493 - Clinical findings 1047 - Macroangiopathy 393 - Chronic compartment - Varicophlebitis 1505 - Clonidine suppression test - Mahoner-Ochsner test 395 syndrome 1493 - 1492, 1497-1500 1049 - Medical history 388 - Chronic fascial compression - Venous blood compartment - Diagnosis 1048, 1842 - Medication 388 syndrome 1500, 1502, 1504 1494 - Differential diagnosis 1048 - Microangiopathy 393 - Chronic venous insufficiency - Venous hemodynamics 1492 - Dilated cardiomyopathy 1842 - Moses sign 394 1493,1498-1504,1507 - Venous hypertension 1493 - Epinephrine 1047-1048 - Paraplantar corona 395 - Congenital hypercoagulability - Venous microangiopathy 1493 - Evaluation 1048 - Payr sign 394 1494 - Venous thromboembolism - Glucagon provocative test 1049 - Peabody sign 394 - Corona phlebectatica para- 1507 - Hypercalcemia 1048 - Peripheral edemas 389, 394 plantaris 1500, 1502 - Venous valves 1489, 1492 - Hypergylcemia 1048 - Peripheral ulcerations 390 - Crural ulcer 1501, 1507 - White atrophy 1501 - Hyperhidrosis 1047 - Perthes test 395 - Cutaneous atrophy 1494 - Yellow ocher purpura 1501 - Hypertensive crisis 1842 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 394 - Deep vein thrombosis 1492, Peripheral venous physiology - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Physical examination 389 1494,1506-1519 1489-1490 1842 - Pratt sign 394 - Dermatosclerosis 1494 - Centripetal drainage 1491 - Hypokalemia 1048 - Primary varicosis 395 - Edema 1500 - Elastic compliance 1490 - Localization 1049 - Psychosocial history 389 - Elevated factor VIII 1495 - Function of venous valves - Metabolic acidosis 1048 - Pulse status 390 - Epifascial venous system 1489, 1490 - Norepinephrine 1047-1048 - Qualitative assessments 392 1491-1492 - Hydrostatic pressure 1490 - Polycythemia 1048 - Qualitative grading 390 - Factor V Lei den mutation 1494 - Intraabdominal pressure 1491 - Therapy 1842 - Ramirez sign 394 - Fasciosclerosis 1494 - Intrathoracic pressure 1491 - Treatment 1049 - Ratschow test 393 - Fibrous scar-tissue band 1492 - Peripheral venous pump 1491 Phlebitis 1492,1494,1505-1506 - Rieland sign 394 - Hormon replacement 1495 - Subfascial venous system 1491 - Acute venous thrombosis 1506 - Rutherford classification 393 - Hyperhomocysteinemia 1495 - Throracoabdominal venous - Antibiotic therapy 1505 - Sigg sign 394 - Incompetence of peripheral pump 1490 - Ascending saphenous phlebitis - Subtotal stenoses 390 venous pump 1493 - Transcapillary pressure 1491 1506 - Superficial thrombophlebitis - Inferior vena cava thrombosis Peripheral venous pump 1491, - Complications 1505 394 1515 1493,1503 - Deep venous thrombosis - Symptoms 388 - Infusion phlebitis 1505 Perirectal infections 1723 1505-1506 - Systemic emboli 391 - Intermittent venous claudicaion Peritonitis 954, 1701, 1745 - Endocarditis 1505 - Thrombotic sign's 394 1493 Periventricular zone 176 - Endophlebitis 1707 - Trendelenburg I test 395 - Internal jugular vein Perivessel edema 653 - Epifascial venous system 1505 - Trendelenburg II test 395 thrombosis 1516 Perlecan 207, 225 - Erysipelas 1505 - Tschermack sign 394 - Intimal fibrosis 1492 Peroxinitrite 888 - Erythema nodosum 1505 - Ulcerations 393 - Lemierre's syndrome 1516 Peroxisome proliferation-activated - Inflammation 1505-1506 - Valvular insufficiency 395 - Liposclerosis 1494 receptor inhibitor 998 - Infusion phlebitis 1505 - Varicosis 395 - Malignancy 1494 Peroxynitrite 192, 725 - Mondor disease 1506 - White atrophy 395 - Mondor disease 1506 Persantine 1741 - Oligoarthritis 1505 Peripheral vascular system 636, - Muscle vein thrombosis 1515, Persistent fetal circulation 1616 Panniculitis 1505 642 1520 - Congenital alveolar capillary - Panphlebitis 1707 Peripheral venous anatomy 1489 - Oral contraception 1494 dysplasia 1616 - Phlebitis migrans 1506 1922 SUBJECT INDEX

Phlebitis - Hypotension 1850 - Nitric oxide 197 - Hyperandrogenism 1830 - Phlebitis saltans 1506, 1520 - Hypothyroidism 1850 - Prostacyclin 197 - Hyperestrogenemia 1830 - Pulmonary embolism - Insulin 1849 - Serotonin 197 - Impaired glucose tolerance 1505-1506 - Isosorbide 1849 - Thrombin 197 1830 - Saphenectomy 1506 - Ophthalmoplegia 1849 - Thromboxane A2 197 - Insulin 1829-1830 - Saphenous phlebitis 1505 - Optic atrophy 1849 - Venous bypass graft 197 - Insulin resistance 1829-1831 - Septic phlebitis 1505 - Pathophysiology 1849 Platinum 1428 - Management 1831 - Staphylococcus aureus - Pituitary hemorrhage 1849 Platinum microcoil 1128, - Nitric oxide 1829 phlebitis 1505 - Ptosis 1849 1136-1137, 1140, 1142, 1158,1200, - Oligomenorrhea 1829 - Thrombectomy 1506 - sudden infarction 1849 1202, 1250, 1276 - Pathophysiology 1829 - Thromboangiitis obliterans - TRH 1849 Platypnea 1707 - Testosterone 1830 1506 - TSH 1850 Plethora 1045 - Waist-to-hip ratio 1830 - Thrombosis 1505 Pituitary failure 1826 Plethysmography 401 Polycystic kidney 1039, 1085, - Thrombus 1506 Pituitary gland dysfunction 1285 - Air plethysmography 400, 416, 1100,1161 - Varicophlebitis 1505-1506 Pituitary tumor 1826 1502 Polycythemia vera 1048, 1102, - Venous thromboembolism Placenta 476 - Chronic venous insufficiency 1365, 1375> 1388, 1391, 1413, 1705 1506 - Placenta growth factor 271 416 Polymyalgia rheumatica 362, Phlebodynamometry 1537 Plaque 96, 663, 792 - Deep venous thrombosis 400 940-941 Phleboectasia 86, 97 - Atheromatous plaque - Ejection fraction 417 Polymyelitis 1366 Phlebosclerosis 86, 97, 107, 1491 1760-1761 - Impedance plethysmography Polymylagia rheumatica - Deep vein thrombosis 1492 - Calcification 68o 400 1411-1412 - Epifascial venous system 1489, - Compression 68o - Inpedance plethysmography - Aortic arch syndrome 1411 1491 - Fibrous cap 747 1508 - Symptoms 1411 - Phlebitis 1492 - Fibrous plaque 1450 - Oculoplethysmography 1584 - Therapy 1411 - Primary phlebosclerosis 1492 - Hard plaques 667 - Photoplethysmography 400, Polymyositis 952, 1172, 1607 - Seondary phlebosclerosis 1492 - Intraplaque hemorrhage 923 417,1424 Polyneuritis 1366 - Thrombosis 1492 - Lipid plaques 668 - Strain-Gauge plethysmography Polyneuropathy 1605 Phlegmasia cerulea dolens 394, - Plaque calicification 103, 747 400, 1404, 1413, 1502 - Autonomic 393 1359, 1507-1508, 1514-1515 - Plaque classification 747 - Venous air plethysmography Polytetrafluoroethylene 1430, Phosphate Inorganic 1390 - Plaque debulking 831 417 1441, 1443, 1453,1470, 1663 Phosphate 885, 1843 - Plaque disruption 746 - Venous filling index 417 Polyurethane 1663 Phosphatidylethanolamine - Plaque erosion 747 - Venous occlusion plethysmog- Polyuria 1853 antibodies 1077 - Plaque fissuring 747 raphy 1369, 1371, 1403, Polyvinyl acetate 1105 Phosphatidylinositol 569, 1753 - Plaque removal 824 1405-1406,1408-1410 Polyvinyl alcohol 1127, 1130-1131, Phosphodiesterase inhibitor - Plaque rupture 96, 668, 693, - Venous photoplethysmography 1135> 1140, 1733 1392, 1647> 1657 747,780,784-788,791, 8o8, 891, 416 - Polyvinyl alcohol particles Phospholipase A2 190, 891, 1753 895> 896,923, 995> 1363 Pleural effusion 1634, 1628 1250, 1139-1140, 1276 Phospholipase C 205, 915,1621, - Plaque shift 830 Pleuritis 952, 954 Pontine hemorrhage 1223 1753 - Residual plaque burden 672 Plexiform lesion 1610, 1615,1628 Popliteal artery entrapment Photocoagulation 1703, 1718 - Ruptur 1451 Plexogenic pulmonary arterio- syndrome 550 Photoelectric effect 595 - Snowplow phenomenon 830 pathy 1612, 1625 Popliteal perforator varicosity Photon 594 - Unstable plaque 669, 747 Plexus neurtis 1357 1531 Photophobia 949, 1100, 1166 - Vulnerable plaque 746 PlGF s. Placenta growth factor Pop-on sensation 1498 Photoplethysmography 401, 417, Plaque disruption 330 Plummer's disease 1050 Portal arteriography 637, 655 1502 Plaque distribution 668 Pneumatocele 485 Portal blood flow 1692-1693 Pickwickian syndrome 1669 Plaque echogenicity 424 Pneumectomy 1622 Portal hypertension 475, 655, Piezoelectric Plaque morphology 424, 667, 1319 Pneumoconiosis 473 1614,1684-1685,1690-1693, - Elements 398 Plaque progression 891 Pneumocytes Type II 1613-1614, 1695, 1698,1703, 1705,1707, 1709, - Sensor 127 Plaque stability 891, 1036 1616 1731,1734 Pigtail catheter 1117 Plaque surface structure 425 Pneumoencephalon 1298 - Budd-Chiari syndrome 1692 Pindolol 804 Plaque ulcer 1323 Pneumonia 750 - Chonic liver disease 1692 Pioglitazone 1003 Plaque ulceration 425, 429, 995 - Acute lupus pneumonitis 482 - Cirrhosis 1692-1693 Pitting edema 1540, 1544 Plasma catecholamins 1813 - atypical 958 - Classification 1692 Pituitary adenoma 1840 Plasma cortisol 1841 - Chlamydia pneumoniae 329, - Endothelin-1 1692 Pituitary apoplexy 1849-1850 Plasma LDL apheresis 568 336, 357,362 - Fibrosis 1692 - ACTH 1850 Plasmapheresis 1407 - Eosinophilic pneumonia 482, - Hepatorenal syndrome 1692 - Ademona 1849 Plasmin 289, 295, 306, 330, 894 1605 - Increasing resistance 1692 - ADH 1850 Plasminogen 894 - Obstructive pneumonia 1601 - Nitric oxide 1692-1693 - Aneurysmal subarachnoid Plasminogen activator 271, 1399 - Pneumocystis carinii - Nonhepatic portal hyper- hemorrhage 1850 Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 pneumonia 477 tension 1615 - Anosmia 1849 301, 691, 801, 996-997, 1011-1012, Pneumothorax 485,748 - Pathophysiology 1692 - Bacterial meninitis 1850 1771, 1777> 1830, 1834 Podoplanin 72 - Portal blood flow 1692-1693 - Bitemporal hemianopia 1849 Platelet activating factor 304, 1337 Point spread function 599 - Portal hypertensive bleeding - Bromocriptine 1849 Platelet endothelial cell adhesion Poisoning 1020 1690 - Cavenous sinus thrombosis molecule-1 279, 355, 938-939 Poisson's ratio 342 - Portal vein thrombosis 1692 1850 Platelet-derived adenine Pole test 1435 - Portosystemic collateral - Cerebrospinal rhinorrhea 1849 nucleotides 191 Polyarteritis nodosa 357, 360, circulation 1693 - Chlorpromazine 1849 Platelet -derived growth factor 27, 362-363,481,538,936-940, 944> - Schistosomiasis 1692 - Corticosteroids 1850 53, 98, 198, 219, 223, 271, 279> 282, 949, 955> 958,1708,1762-1763, - Sinusoidal flow 1692 - Differential diagnosis 1850 722, 914, 997,1292, 1364,1450, 1861 - Sinusoidal resistance 1692 - Epistaxis 1849 1630 Polyarthitis 1602, 1608 - Splenic vein thrombosis 1692 - Function testing 1849 - PDGF a 27 Polycrystalline silicium photo• - Stellate cells 1692 - GH 1850 - PDGF f3 27 detector 596 Portal hypertensive gastropathy - GRH 1849 - Platelet -derived growth factor Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 1699-1700 - Headache 1849 Receptor 27 781 - Band ligation 1700 - Hemiplegia 1849 - Platelet-derived growth factor Polycycstic ovarian disease 1829 - Esophageal sclerotherapy 1700 - Hydrocortisone 1850 signaling pathway 245 - Diabetes mellitus 1829-1830 - Gastroduodenal bleeding 1700 - Hypoglycemia 1849 Platelet-leukocyte aggregates 97 - Epidemiology 1829 - Red spots 1700 - Hypogonadism 1850 Platelet-vessel wall interaction - Estrogen 1830 - Transjugular intrahepatic - Hyponatriemia 1850 197 - FSH 1830 portosystemic shunt 1700 SUBJECT INDEX 1923

Portal pressure measurement Poststenotic aneurysm 87 Primary pulmonary hyper• Prolonged QT interval 1820 1691 Poststenotic dilatation m9 tension 1614, 1625-1627, Prolonged reversible ischemic Portal resistance 1691 Poststenotic turbulence 424 1633-1635.1641 neurological deficit 1165 Portal thrombolysis 1730 Postsubarachnoid hemorrhage - Angiomatoid lesion 1625 Propofol 861 Portal triad 68, 655 vasospam 1121-1122 - Cardiac output 1641 Propranolol 804, 1032, 1034, 1049, Portal vein system 656 - Complications 1122 - Chromosome 2q 31-32 1051, 1689,1698, 1820 Portal vein thrombosis 655,1692, - Diagnostic 1121 - Concentric laminar intimal Proptosis 1102, 1130, 1602, 1608, 1695· 1705, 1707, 1729 - Embolization 1122 fibrosis 1625 1849 Portal venous flow 1707 - Hemodilution 1121 - Diagnosis 1614 Propylthiouracil 1051, 1820 Portal venous leakage 655 - Indications 1121 - Drugs 1614 Prostacyclin 152, 169, 190, 197, 208, Portal venous pressure 655,1696, - Procedure 1121 - Familial capillary heman- 219, 691, 693,722,783, 8os, 887, 1698 Postsynaptic receptors 168, giomatosis 1626 889-891, 893. 902, 993· 1334. - Pressure gradient 1697 1814 - Familial primary pulmonary 1339. 1620-1621, 1641-1645, 1771, Portal-pulmonary hypertension Postthrombotic syndrome 1366, hypertension 1626 1773-1774. 1756-1757 1625,1627 1498-1499.1537.1502-1503,1507, - Familial pulmonary veon- - 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole Portocaval shunting 62, 68, 1690 1511, 1513-1516 occlusive disease 1626, 1644 imine 190 Portosystemic collateral circula• Postural orthostatic tachycardia - Fibrinoid necrosis 1614 - 3-aryl-substituted oxatriazole tion 1690-1691, 1693 syndrome 179 - Genetic anticipation 1626 sulfonyl chloride 190 Portosystemic gradient 655 - Autonomic dysfunction 181 - Histological fibrosis 1614 - 3-morpholino-sydnonimine Portosystemic shunting 475, - Baroreflex 181 - HIV infection 1614 190 1615-1616 - Hypersensitivity 179 - Intimal proliferation 1625 - Cyclic adenosine mono- Port-wine stain 1709 - Orthostatic hypertension 181 - Mean right atrial pressure 1641 phosphate 190 Positron emission tomography - Orthostatic intolerance 179 - Mixed venous oxygen satura- - Cyclooxygenase 190 558,577 Potassium 555,863,1071-1072 tion 1642 - Endothelial cells 190 - 2-fluro-2-deoxy-d-glucose 579 Potassium permanganate - Pathogenesis 1625 - GTP-binding proteins G,_3 190 - Acetazolamide 580 1407-1408,1410 - Plexogenic pulmonary arterio- - Nitirc oxide 191 - Acute ischemic stroke 579 POTS s. Postural orthostatic pathy 1625 - Pertussis toxin 190 - Carbon 11 579 tachycardia syndrome 179 - Portal hypertension 1614 - Phospholipase A2 190 - Carbon dioxid 580 Power Doppler imaging 421 - Prostacyclin 1614 - Production 190

- Cerebral perfusion 579 Pratt sign 394 - Pulmonary vascular resistance - Prostaglandin H2 190 - Cerebrovascular disease 579 Pravastatin 1000, 1036, 797, 898 1641 - Vascular relaxation 190 - Chronic cerebrovascular Prazosine 1032, 1034, 1049 Primary varicosis 395 Prostaglandins 723, 888, 890, 1011, disease 579 Prednisone 610,941,943,951-952, Primary vasculitis 936 1167, 1642, 1752, 1756, 1844 - Cyclotron 579 956, 1403, 1411-1412, 1604, Prinzmetal's angina 380 - Prostaglandin D2 1756 - Fluorine 18 579 1764-1765, 1773 s.Angina - Prostaglandin E, 1292, 1358, - Gallium 579 Preeclampsia 1058, 1773-1774 Private circulation 1527 1392-1395> 1398, 1404, 1406, - Gamma-ray photons 578 - Abrutio placentae 1773 Probucol 833 1410,1504,1756,1870-1871,1873

- Imaging 579 - Clinical features 1773 Proconvertin 292 - Prostaglandin E2 1756-1757 - Limitations 579 - Edema 1773 Proferative retinopathy 737 - Prostaglandin F 916, 1756 - Multislice scanners 578 - HELLP syndrome 1773-1774 Progeria 101, 106 Prostata carcinoma 475, 1519 - Nitrogen 13 579 - Hemoconcentration 1773 Progeric syndrome 106 Protamine 632, 886 - Oxygen extraction fraction - Hepatic dysfunction 1773 Progesterone 569, 1495, 1699, Protamine sulfate 1116, 1127, 1581 579 - Hyperuricemia 1773-1774 1814,1833 Protein C 197, 290, 293, 896, 1085, - Oxygem5 579 - Management 1774 Progestin 1834-1835 1512-1513 - PET scanner 578 - Pathology 1773 Progressive fibrous proliferation - Protein C Activated 288 - Physical principles 578 - Pathophysiology 1773 1494 s.APC - Radiation dose 579 - Proteinuria 1773 Progressive muscular atrophy - Protein C deficiency 293, 1075, - Radiotracer 578 - Seizure 1773 1493 1091, 1102, 1494,1520,1705 - Rubidium 579 - Thrombocytopenia 1773 Progressive muscular dystrophy Protein kinase A 727 - Technical priciples 578 Preganglionic autonomic neurons 982 Protein kinase C 276,723, 915-917 - Transient ischemic attacks 579 1813 Progressive myelopathy 1130, 1141 ProteinS 197,290, 293,301, 896, Positron emission tomography Pregnancy 1020, 1058, 1102, 1354, Progressive paralysis 1253 1085,1512-1513 789-792 1498,1507, 1512-1513, 1516-1517, Progressive stroke 383 s. Stroke - Protein S deficiency 1075, 1091, Positron-emitting tracers 556, 571 1518-1520, 1545· 1729,1770,1848 Projections 624, 643 1102,1494.1520 - "C-acetat 571 Prekallikrein 296 - Aldridge projection 625 Protein source 796-797 - 11C-palmitate 571 Preload 720, 1824 - Angiographic standard Protein Z 290, 293 - ' 8F-deoxyglucose 571 Pressure s. Blood pressure projections 624 Proteinase 3 358, 939, 943 - Acyl CoA 571 Presynaptic receptors 168, 1814 - Anteroposterior projection Proteinuria 999, 1002, 1040, 1058, - Fatty acid metabolism 571 Presyncope 380 625, 647· 651 1761-1763,1765-1767,1769, - Free fatty acids 571 Prethrombin 300 - Contralateral oblique 643, 654 1772-1773.1776-1777 - Glucose metabolism 572 Priapism 654, 1872 - Ipsilateral oblique 643, 654 Proteoglycans 207, 222-225 - Myocardial blood flow 556,571 Primary alveolar capillary - Lateral projection 625, 643 - Apo-B 224 - Myocardial hypoperfusion 571 dysplasia 490 - Left anterior oblique projection - Biglycan 224, 226 - Oxidative metabolism 571 Primary hyperaldosteronism 619, 643. 647 - Biosynthesis 223 - Tricarboxylic acid cycle 571 1020,1024 - Right anterior oblique - Chondroitin-6-sulphate - Uptake of Glucose 572 - ACTH 1045 projection 619, 643 222-226 - P-oxidation 571 - Aldosterone 1043-1045 Prolactin 1811 - Coagulation cascade 223 Postembolization syndrome 1796 - Aldosterone-producing tumor - Hyperprolactinemia 1850 - Decorin 223-226 Posterior cerebral artery 1044 - Hypoprolactinemia 1850 - Dermatan sulfate 222-224 syndrome 1326 - Confirmatory tests 1044 Prolactinoma 1850 - Function 222 Postganglionic sympathetic nerve - Conn's syndrome 1044 Prolapsing tissue 1723 - Heparan sulfate 222-226 728,1813 - Evaluation 1044 Proliferating angioendothe- - Hyaluronan 222-223 Postmenopausal women 569 - Hypokalemia 1043-1045 liomatosis 478 - Keratan sulphate 223-226 Postmyocardial infarction - Idiopathic hyperaldosteronism Proliferation 38 - Low-density lipoprotein 224 rupture 868 1044 - Endothelium 38 - Perlecan 225 Postoperative pulmonary artery - Metabolic alkalosis 1044 - Lumenal growth 38 - Platelet-derived growth factor aneurysms 486 - Primary adrenal hyperplasia - Sprouting 38 223 Postprandial angina 380 1044 Proliferative occlusive pulmonary - Smooth muscle cell 222-226 s.Angina - Screening tests 1044 vascular disease 1630 - Structure 222 Postprandial hyperemia 1690 - Treatment 1045 Proliferative retinopathy 1512 - Syndecan-1 223,226 1924 SUBJECT INDEX

Proteoglycans - William-Beuren syndrome 488 - Forced expiratory volume 86o - Classification 1622-1623,1641, - Transforming growth factor-f3 Pulmonary artery interruption - Hemorrhagic pulmonary 1644 223 488 359 - Computed tomography 471 - Trugor 222 Pulmonary artery rupture 485 - Obstructive 86o - Congenital alveolar capillary - Vascluar disease 224 Pulmonary artery stenosis 488 - Pulmonary capillaritis 360 dysplasia 1616 - Vascular matrix 222 Pulmonary artery thrombosis - Pulmonary hemorrhage 944 - Continously released sub- - Versican 223-226 476 - Restrictive 86o cuntaneous delivery 1646 Prothrombin 290, 292, 1851 Pulmonary artery-pulmonary - Sarcoidosis 86o - Cor pulmonale 1622 - Prothrombin 20210A mutation vein communication 1622 - Silicosis 86o - Diagnosis 1617 1494,1520 Pulmonary aspergillosis 486 Pulmonary edema 491, 769, 868, - Dietary pulmonary hyper- Prothrombin time 291, 299, 1222, Pulmonary aspiration 1597, 1716, 1040, 1089, 1166, 1168, 1732 tension 1615 1771 1720 - Acute pulmonary edema 491 - Differential diagnosis 471 Prothrombinase 293, 295, 298 Pulmonary atresia 488 Pulmonary embolism 461, 467, - Emphysema 1616 Proton-pump inhibitor 1718-1719 Pulmonary blood flow 1629 549, 656,748, 1087, 1136, 1138, - Endothelial dysfunction 257 Protrusio bulbi 1246 Pulmonary calcification 473 1477,1507,1511,1513-1518, - Endothelin 726 Pruitus 638, 1050 Pulmonary capillaritis 359 1635-1636,1638, 1851 - Endothelin receptor antagonists Pseudoaneurysm 1267, 1292-1293, Pulmonary capillary heman- - Chronic. pulmonary embolism 1647 1295, 1325,1393 giomatosis 473, 490,1613, 468 - Ethiology 473 Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome 1628-1629, 1644 - Computed tomography 461, - Gene therapy 1647 1045-1046 Pulmonary capillary wedge 467 - Granulomatous arteriopathy Pseudocysts 1725 pressure 1055, 1628,1637 - D-Dimer 1517 1616 Pseudotumor cerebri 1251 Pulmonary circulation 56, 1618 - Deep venous thrombosis 468, - Helminthic parasites 1616 Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 44, - Acute generalized hypoxia 1622 474 - Hypoxia 257 105, 1085, 1100, 1161, 1292, 1414 - Acute hypoxia 1619 - Diagnostic 1517 - Iloprost 1644-1645 Psychosis 1084, 1698 - Bronchopulmonary sequestra- - Digital subtraction angiography - in Collagen vascular disease Psychotic hallucinatory episodes tion 1622 469 1615 384 - Cardiac output 1619 - Dystrophic calcification 469 - Inhaled delivery 1646 PT s. Prothombin time - Chronic generalized hypoxia - Embolic material 468 - Inhaled nitric oxide 1647 PTA s. Ductus arteriosus 1622 - Low-molecular-weight heparin - Interstitial lung disease 1645 PTCA s. Percutaneous translumi- - Chronic hypoxia 1619 1518 - Interstitial lung fibrosis 1616 nal coronary angioplasty - Ductus arteriosus 1622 - Mosaic perfusion 468 - Intrinsic pulmonary arterial PTFE s. Polytetrafluoroethylene - Eisenmenger's syndrome 1618, - Postembolic pulmonary hyper- disease 1624 PTH 1843-1844 1622 tension 468 - Inward remodeling 257 PTH s. Parathyroid hormone - Endothelins 1621 - Pulmonary infarcts 470 - Left ventricular dysfunction 1843 - Endothelium-derived hyper- - Riding emboli 469 1614 Ptosis 1181, 1223, 1849 polarizing factor 1620-1621 - rtPA 1518 - Left-to-right shunt 1612,1614 PTT 754,1057 - Epoprostenol 1620-1621 - Secondary pulmonary hyper- - Leiomyosarcoma 1645 PTTs. Partial thromboplastin time - Hypercapnia 1622 tension 468 - Lung transplantation 1630, Puerperium 1517-1518,1520 - Local hypoxia 1622 - Spiral CT 1517 1641-1643,1647 Pull catheters 640, 651 - Nitric oxide 1620-1621 - Streptokinase 1518 - Mediastinal fibrosis 1645 Pulmonalis angiography 637, 656, - Normal pulmonary cirucula- - Therapy 1518 - Miscellaneous types of 1616 1638 tion 1618 - Thrombolysis 1518 - Necrotizing pulmonary arteritis Pulmonary arteriovenous - Normal pulmonary hemo• - Thromendarterectomy 468 1623 malformation 478 dynamics 1619 - Unfractionated heparin 1518 - Obliterative intimal fibrosis Pulmonary arteriovenous - Pulmonary arterial pressure - Urokinase 1518 1616 shunting 473, 478 1619,1622 - Vena cava filter implantation - Orhan drug status 1646 - Arteriovenous microshunts - Pulmonary artery-pulmonary 468 - Pathogenetic mechanisms 478 vein communication 1622 - Ventilation perfusion 1622 - Chronic pulmonary hypoxemia - Pulmonary compliance 1619 scintigraphy 468 - Pathological tissue 1617 478 - Pulmonary vascular endo- Pulmonary fibrosis 473, 481, 953, - Pathology 1614 - Chronic schistosomiasis 478 thelium 1618 1634,1851 - Patient care 1646 - Hepatopulmonary syndrome - Pulmonary vascular resistance Pulmonary function testing 1637 - Persistent fetal circulation 478 1619 - Airflow obstruction 1637 1616 - Hypoxemia 478 - Pulmonary vascular smooth - Alveolar hypoventilation 1637 - Persistent pulmonary hyper• - Kawashima operation 478 muscle 1618 - Arterial hypoemia 1637 tonsion 1616 - Pregnancy 478 - Pulmonary vascular tone 1622 - FEY 1637 - Phosphodiesterase inhibitors - Pulmonary arteriovenous - Pulmonary vasoconstriction - Flow-volume loops 1637 1647 malformation 478 1618,1621 - Sleep-apnea 1637-1638 - Pneumectomy 1622 - Rendu-Osler-Weber disease - Pulmonary vasodilators 1620 - Widepread interstitial fibrosis - Pressure increase 257 478 - Pulmonary vasomotor control 1637 - Primary pulmonary hyper- - Spider angiomas 478 1619 Pulmonary hemorrhage 362,481, tension 1614, 1641 - Systemic embolism 478 - Remodeling 1619 485,944 - Primary pulmonary hyper- - Teleangiectatic microshunting - Rendu-Osler-Weber disease Pulmonary hypertension 257, 382, tension 471 478 1622 471, 484, 656, 726, 736, 881, 888, - Prostacyclin 1641-1645 Pulmonary artery aneurysms - Resistance vessels 1618 953> 982,1609-1617,1619 - Prostaglandins 1642 486 - Respiratory acidosis 1622 - Alveolar hypoventilation 1622 - Pulmonary arterial pressure - Aneurysmal rupture 486 - Respiratory gases 1622 - Anticoagulants 1643 1622 - Aphthous lesions 486 - Serotonin 1621-1622 - Atrial septostomy 1647 - Remodeling 1630 - Arteriobronchial fistula 486 - Systemic arterial-pulmonary - Bronchopulmonary anasto- - Resistance 1622 - Beh<;et's disease 481, 486 vascular communication 1622 mosis 1616 - Restriction 1622 - Giant cell arteritis 481, 486 - Thromboxane A2 1621 - Calcium channel blockers - Right ventricular failure 1622 - Hughes-Stovin syndrome 481, Pulmonary compliance 1619 1642-1644 - Right ventricular hypertrophy 486 Pulmonary disease 86o - Chronic alveolar hypoxia 1616 1614, 1622, 1643 - Primary 486 - Chest wall deformties 86o - Chronic bronchitis 1616 - Sarcoidosis 1616, 1645 Pulmonary artery aplasia 487 - Chronic alveoli tis 86o - Chronic obstructive pul- - Secondary pulmonary hyper- Pulmonary artery coarctation Chronic obstructive monary disease 1645 tension 473 488 pulmonary disease 86o, 879, - Chronic pulmonary hyper• - Shear stress 257 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 488 882,1438 tension 1629 - Staining 1617 - Pulmonary artery stenosis 488 - Chronic pulmonary - Chronic thromboembolic - Surgery 1642, 1647 Pulmonary atresia 488 emphysema 473 disease 1616,1645 - Therapy 1646 SUBJECT INDEX

- Treatment I64I-I642 - Arthralgia 1606 - Perfusion asymmetry 4S1 Pulse status 1405, I411 - Vascular remodeling 257 - Asthma 1601, 1606, I6oS - Periarthritis nodosa Pulse wave velocity I5I - with Congenital cardiac shunts - Behliet's disease 4SI, 4S6, I599, I605-1606 Pulse waves SI, 116 I6I4 I607-I6oS - Pericarditis I607 Pulsed doppler 400 s. Doppler - with Disorders of the respira• - Bilateral exophthalmos I6o6 - Peripheral neuropathy 1602 ultrasonography tory system I6I6 - Biospy 1603 - Petechiae 1605 Pulseless disease 36I - with Human immunodeficiency - Blood eosinophilia 4SI - Polyarteritis nodosa 4S1 Pulselessness I423 virus I6I5 - cANCA I604 - Polyarthitis I602, 16oS Puncture site 639 - with Hypoxemia I6I6 - Cholecystits I605 - Polyneuropathy 1605 Pure autonomic failure 179 Pulmonary Infarction 473, I627, - Cholesteratoma I60I - Prognosis 1604, 1606-1607 - Acute I79 I634 - Chronic sinusitis I60I, I6oS - Proptosis 1602, 160S - Chronic I79 - Computed tomography 473 - Churg-Strauss syndrome 4SI, - Pulmonary fibrosis 4S1 - Orthostatic hypotension ISO - Pulmonary fibrosis 473 1599-1600, 1604-I6o6, I6oS - Pulmonary hemorrhage 4S1 - Peripheral postganglionic - Sickle cell disease 473 - Classification I6oo, I6o5 - Purpura 1605-1606 neuronal degeneration ISO Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma 477 - Clinical manifestation I601, - Pyoderma gangrenosum Purines 177 Pulmonary mercury embolism I605-I6o6 1602 Purpura 357, 94S, 952,1605-1606, 476 - Conjunctivitis I602 - Rapidly progressive glomeru• I761 Pulmonary metastasis 477 - Connective tissue disease 1607 lonephritis 1606 - Purpura jaune d'ocre 1501, I503 Pulmonary microangiopathy I6I3 - CREST syndrome I6I5, I627 - Renal disease 4S1 Purpuric rash I760 - Hemoptysis I6I4 - Demographics I60I, I605 - Rheumatoid arthritis I599, Push catheters 640, 65I - Hemorrhage I6I4 - Diagnostic studies I603, I607 1603-1604,1607,16615 Putamina! hemorrhage 1222, - Pulmonary capillary heman- - Diarrhea I607 - Rheumatoid factor I604 I225-1226, 1229, I23I giomatosis I6I3, I644 - Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage - Saddle nose 1601, 1608 PYAs. Polyvinyl alcohol particles Pulmonary neoplasms 477 I607 - Sarcoidosis 16oS Pyoderma gangrenosum I6o2, - Angiosarcoma 478 - Dyspnea I601 - Scleritis 1602 1763 - Computed tomography 477 - EKL classification I60I - Sinusitis 1605 Pyruvate 1392 - Epitheloid hemangioendo- - Eosinophilia I604-I605, I6oS - Sprinter hemorrhage 1606 Pyuria 1S61 thelioma 478 - Eosinophilic gastritis I605 - Strawberry gums 1601 - Hemangiopericytoma 478 - Eosinophilic pneumonia 4S2, - Systemic lupus erythematosus Q - Leiomyosarcoma 477 I605 4S2, 160S, 1615, 1627, 1632 Q fever 959 - Pneumocystis carinii - Epidemiology I601, I605 - Systemic necrotizing vasculitis Quadriplegia I020 pneumonia 477 Epiphora I602 481 Qualitative assessments 392 - Proliferating angioendo• - Episcleritis I602, I6o6-I607 - Systemic sclerosis I607, 1615, Quinapril S99, 1032, I034 theliomatosis 47S - Etiology I6oo I632 Quinine I770 - Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma - External ophthalmoplegia I602 - Takayasu arteritis 4S1, 4S6, Q-wave myocardial infarction 477 - Focal necrotizing glomeru- I599, 1608 760, 766, S70 - Pulmonary metastasis 477 lonephritis I6oo-I601 - Temporal arteritis 1599 Pulmonary nodular opacities 473 - Generalized urticaria I602 - Treatment 1604, 1606-1607 R Pulmonary ossification 473 - Generalized vasculitis I6o - Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia Radiation 593, 12S9 Pulmonary parenchymal disease - Giant cell arteritis 48I, 4S6, 1599-1600, 1607-160S, 1615, - Absorbed radiation 595 I62S I599, I60S 1632 - Absorption 593 Pulmonary parenchymal trauma - Goodpasture's syndrome 4S3 - Ulcerations 1605 - Air-gap technique 596 485 - Hemoptysis I601, I6oS - Urticaria 1605-1606 - Aliasing 6oo - Coup-contre-coup 485 - Henoch-Schiinlein purpura - Wegener's granulomatosis 4S1, - Angiographic imaging process - Hemothorax 4S5 I599-16oo, I607-160S 4S4, 1599-1604, I60S 597 - Lung contusion 4S5 - Hughes-Stovin syndrome 4S1, Pulmonary vasoconstriction - Anode 593 - Pneumatocele 4S5 4S6 16IS, 1621 - beta 673 - Pneumothorax 4S5 - Interstinal fibrosis 4S1 Pulmonary vasodilators 1620 - beta irradation 673 Pulmonary prostaglandin - Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis Pulmonary vasomotor control - Beta radiation S33-834 metabolism 49I I627 1619 - Braking radiation 594 Pulmonary schistosomiasis 473, - Intestinal obstruction I605 Pulmonary vein stenosis 473 - Bremsstrahlung 594 47S - Keratitis I6o2 Pulmonary vein thrombosis 491, - Cathode 594, 596 Pulmonary vascular injury 4S5 - Lactoferrin I599 135I - Cesium iodide 596 - Peripheral microaneurysms - Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Pulmonary veno-occlusive - Coherent scatter 594 485 1605 disease 473,491, 1613, - Compton scatter 595 - Pseudoaneurysm 485 - Livedo 1606 1627-162S, 1635> 1637,1644 - Contrast 59S - Pulmonary artery rupture 4S5 - Loeffler's syndrome 482 - Acute pulmonary edema 491 - Contrast medium 593 Pulmonary vascular obstruction - Mastoiditis 1601 - Drugs 1628 - Convolution 6oo I62S - Mesenteric vsaculitis 1605 - Epoprostenol 1628 - Core shadow 595 Pulmonary vascular resistance - Microscopic polyangiitis 481, - Etiology 1613, 1628 - Coronary artery application 1619,1641 1599-1600,1605-1607 - Hemoptysis 491 602 Pulmonary vascular tone 1622 - Mononeuritis multiplex 1602, - Interstitial pulmonary edema - Detective quantum efficiency Pulmonary vascular tumor 1605-1606, 160S 162S 6oo invasion 476 - Mulberry gums 1601 - Intimal fibrosis 1613 - Detector surface 595 Pulmonary vasculitis 4S1 - Myalgia 1606 - Intimal thickening 16I3 - Detectors 596 - Acute lupus pneumonitis 482 - Nasal polyposis 1605 - Kerley's B lines 162S - Detrimental effect 593 - Airway stricture 1601 - Necrotizing allergic granuloma - Pathogenesis I62S - Diagnostic process 594 - Allergic granuloma 1605-1606 1605 - Pleural effusions 162S - Digital systems 6oo - Allergic rhinitis 1605-1606 - Necrotizing granuloma 16oo - Pulmonary capillary wedge - Digitalization 6oo - Alveolar hemorrhage 1601, - Necrotizing vasculitis 1606, pressure 1628 - Direct conversion 596 1603,1605-1606 1615 - Pulmonary prostaglandin - dosimety 673 - ANCA 4S1, 1599-I6oo, I604, - Neurophilic leukocytosis metabolism 49I - Electron-optical system 596 1607-1608 1604 - Pulmonary venous thrombosis - Fluorescent lamps 597 - Antiglomerular basement - Obstructive pneumonia 1601 491 - Focus 596 membrane antibodies 1604, - Overlap syndrome I627 Pulmonary venous hypertension - Fourier transform 599 1607-160S - pANCA I6o6 1612, 1629, 1644 - Free electrons 596 - Antinuclear antibodies I604, - Pancreatitis 1605 Pulmonary venous resistance 473 - gamma 673 1607,1632 - Pathogenesis 16oo Pulmonary venous thrombosis - Gamma knife 1269-1271,1274, - Antiphospholipid antibody - Pauci-immune vasculitis 1601, 491 12S9 1607 1605, 1607-160S Pulse deficits 1363, 1365 - Gamma radiation S34 SUBJECT INDEX

Radiation - Proteinuria 1777 Raynaud's disease 1404-1405, Renal angiomyolipomas 1858 - Grudel technique 596 - Thrombocytopenia 1777 1632-1633> 1699, 1702 - Adenoma sebaceum 1859 - Helium ion showed 1289 - Thrombotic microangiopathy Raynaud's phenomenon 362, 948, - Anemia 1859 - High-energy electrons 593 1777 950,953, 1375> 1404, 1406, 1576, - Arterial embolization 1859 - Human visual system 597 - Tissue factor 1777 1627 Epileptic attacks 1859 - Image formation 595 Radiation proctitis 1703,1723 Raynaud's syndrome 408, - Hematuria 1859 - Image intensifiers 596 - Anemia 1703 1338-1339, 1423 - Mental retardation 1859 - Image quality 597 - Argon plasma coagulation Reactive hyperemia 167, 696, 730, - Symptoms 1859 - Indirect conversion 596 1703,1723 788,1372-1373,1391,1403,1591 - Tuberous sclerosis 1859 - Intensity level 597 - Bipolar therapy 1723 Rebound phenmena 1079 Renal arteriography 637, 650 - Interaction 594 - Chronic rectal bleeding 1723 Recanalization 1354 Renal artery occlusive disease - Iodine 595 - Complication 1723 Recklinghausen's disease 1544 1799 - Light box 596-597 - Laser coagluation 1703, 1723 Recombinant hirudin 756 - Aortic aneurysm 1806 - Linear accelerator 1269, 1271, - Nd:YAG laser 1723 Recombinant tissue plasminogen - Aortic reimplanation 1805 1289 - Radiation injury 1703 activators. rt-PA - Aortofemoral graft 1802 - Linearity 6oo - Rectovaginal fistulae 1723 Rectal bleedung 1731 - Aortoiliac graft 1802 - Modulation transfer function - Teleangiectasias 1703 Rectal tenesmus 1857 - Aortorenal bypass 1799 599 Radiation source 673 Rectal tumor 661 - Direct artery endarterectomy - Monitors 597 Radiation therapy 1085, 1098 Red cell casts 1763 1805 - Natural contrast 595 - Local radiation therapy 607 Red spots 1700 - Embolization 1804 - Optical density 598 Radiation vasculopathy 936, 938, Redox-equilibrium 890 - Fibrodysplastic disease 18oo - Peripheral shadow 595 957 Red-wale signs 1698 - Gastroduodenal bypass 1801 - Phase transfer function 599 Radio frequent echo signal 665 Refection coefficient 130 - Hepatorenal bypass 1801-1802 - Photoelectric effect 595 Radioactive iodine-131 1052 Reflex bradycardia 1368 - Iliorenal bypass 1802 - Photon 594 Radiocontrast nephropathy 1756 Reflex syncope 179 - Iliorenal graft 1802 - Physical aspects 597 Radiofrequency ultrasound signal - Carotid sinus hypersensitivity - Internal iliac artery graft 1800 - Point spread function 599 154 179 - Intimal flap 1805 - Polycrystalline silicium Radiofrequent coagluation 1723 - Head upright tilt table testing - Mesorenal bypass photodetector 596 Radiographic contrast agents 609 180 - Nephrectomy 1806 - Primary radiation 593, 595 Radionecrosis 1289 - Neurocardiogenic syncope - Operative arterial dilation - Production of x-rays 594 Radionuclide techniques 555 179> 631 1804 - Projection system 597 Radiopaque medium 106 - Paradoxic sympathetic activity - Postoperative management - Quantum detection efficiency Radiotracers 556, 583 180 1806 600 - "C-acetat 556, 571 Reflex tachycardia 8o6 - Renal artery endarterectomy - Radiation arteritis 1305, 1578 - "C-methionine 579 Reflux 1493 1804-1805 - Radiation burden 595 - "C-palmitate 556, 571 - Chylous reflux 1541, 1543-1544 - Renal artery eversion end• - Radiation effect 673 - mxenon 580, 583-585 - Venous reflux 1493, 1502 arterectomy 1805 - Radiation enteritis 1701 - '3N-ammonia 557-560, - Reflux circuit 1527 - Renal artery reimplanation - Radiation hazard 593 563-564, 579 Reiter's syndrome 954 1802-1803 - Radiation injury 1703 - 15-3-methlypentadecanoic acid Rejection 1768, 1793 - Renovascular hypertension - Radionecrosis 1289 556,571 - Accelerated rejection 1768 1800,1806 - Raman Effect 594-595 - '50 water 556,559-560,563,579 - Acute cellular rejection 1769 - Results 1806 - Saturation point 597 - 15-pentadecanoic acid 556, 571 - Acute rejection 1768 - Splenorenal bypass 1801-1802 - Scattered rays 593, 596, 598 - ' 8F-deoxyglucose 556,571-572, - Acute renal allograft rejection - Transaortic renal artery end- - Secondary emission 594 579 1768 arterectomy 1805 - Secondary radiation 593 - 201Tl+ 555-558, 560-565,571 - 1768 - Vein graft 1800 - Signal-dependent transfer 6oo - 82Rubidium 555-558, 560,579 - Acute vascular rejection 1769 Renal artery reimplanation - Signal-to-noise ratio 598 - 99mTc sestamibi 556-558, - Allograft cellular vascular 1802-1803 - Solid state detectors 596 560-562 rejection 1762 Renal artery stenosis 650, 683, - Stereotactic irradiation - 99mTc teboroxime 556 - Antibody-mediated hyperacute 1024, 1039> 1041, 1349> 1653, 1672, 1269-1271 - 99mTc tetrofosmin 556,560 rejection 1768 1677, 1757> 1787 - Visualization 596 - 99mTc-DTPA-albumin 584 - Banff classification 1768 - ACE inhibitor 1757-1759 - Weber's rule 597 - 99mTc-labeled red blood cells - Chronic rejection 1768-1769 - Acute renal failure 1757-1759 - Window width 598 584,1701 - Cold ischemic time 1769 - Angioplasty 1793 - X-ray 591 - 99mTc-nanocolloid 1542 - Cyclosporine toxicity - Angiotensin I i758 - X-ray assembly 593 - Potassium-43 555 1768-1769 - Angiotensin II 1758-1759 - X-ray scintillator 596 - Radiolabeled red blood cells - Delayed graft function 1769 - Arterial kinking 1793 - X-ray tube 594 1701 - Fibrinoid necrosis 1769 - Arteriovenous fistula 1795-1796 Radiation nephritis 1777 - Radiolabeled somatostatin - Heptic allograft rejection 1707 - Atheromatous disease 1790 - ACE inhibitor 1777-1778 1846 - HLA class I antigen 1768 - Atheromatous plaque 1789 - Acute radiation nephritis 1777 - 5Xenon 580-582 - HLA mismatch 1769 - Atherosclerotic plaque 683 - Benign hypertension 1777 RAI s. Radioactive iodine-131 - Hypercholesterolemia 1769 - Azotemia 1757 - Bone marrow transplantation Raloxifen 1835 - Intrarenal coagulopathy 1768 - Balloon tamponade 1792 1777 Raman Effect 594-595 - Leukocyte transmigration - Cadaveric transplants 1794 - Chronic glomerulosclerosis Ramifentanil 861 1769 - Chronic renal failure 1777 Ramipril 8o6, 899 - Methylprednisolone 1769 - Chronic renal insufficiency - Chronic radiation nephritis Ramirez sign 394 - Proteinuria 1769 1759 1777 Rankin scale 1196, 1313 - Renal transplantation - Clinical features 1757 - Clinical feature 1777 RAO s. Right anterior oblique 1768-1769 - Complications 1792, 1794, 1796 - Fibrinoid necrosis 1777 projection - Risk factors 1769 - Contrast nephrography 1758 - Free radicals 1777 Rapamycin 833 Relapsing polychondritis 950 - Contrast nephrotoxicity - Malignant hypertension 1777 Rapid eye movement 1082 Relative coronary flow reserve 1792-1793 - Management 1777 Rapidly progressive dementia 702,706 - Creatinine 1790 - Mircoangiopathic hemolytic 1096 Relative units 1334 - Diagnosis 1758 anemia 1777 Rasmussen aneurysm 486 Remodeling 889, 891, 895 Diastolic blood pressure 1759 - Nephrectomy 1778 Rasmussen syndrome 488 - Negativ remodeling 669, 673 - Dissection 1790 - Pathogenesis 1777 Rat-bite lesion 1404-1406 - Positiv remodeling 668 - Elastic recoil 1789-1790 - Pathology 1777 Ratschow test 393, 1358, 1373 - Remodeling technique 1158 - End-stage renal disease 1757 - Plasminogen activator Rayleigh scatter s. Coherent Renal allograft rejection 1757 - Fibromuscular disease 1787, inhibitor 1777 scatter Renal angiography 1758 1789 SUBJECT INDEX

- Flash pulmonary edema 1788 - Dopamine 1752-1753 - Obstructive uropathy 1039 - Secondary hypertension 1757 - Follow-up 1758-1759 - Endothelin-1 1756 - Polycystic kidney 1039 - Sex hormones 1039 - Glomerulonephritis 1758 - Furosemide 1754 - Uremia 1039 - Sickle-cell nephropathy 1776 - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor - GFR 1755-1756 Renal transplant donors 651 - Stents 1042 1759 - Glomerular blood flow 1754 Renal transplantation 607, 1764, - Surgical therapy 1798 - Hypertension 1787,1789-1790, - Hydraulic pressure 1754 1767,1772 - Sympathetic nervous system 1792 - L-arginine 1755 Renal vascular disease 1020, 1024, 1752, 1756, 1798 - Indication 1787 - Local regulation 1754 1039· 1749· 1751 - Thromboembolism 1761 - lntrarenal hemorrhage 1787 - Myogenic mechanisms 1754 - Anatomy 1751 - Thrombotic microangiopathies - Ischemic nephropathy 1757, - Myogenic reflex 1754 - Aneurysms 1798 1769 1759.1787 - Myogenic theory 1754 - Angiomyolipmas 1796 - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic - Live-donor kidneys 1794 - Nitric oxide 1752, 1755-1756 - Antiphospholipid syndrome purpura 1769 - Management 1758 - NO synthase 1755 1772 - Treatment 1041 - Metallic stents 1790 - Noradrenaline 1753 - Aortorenal bypass 1042, 1799 - Vasculitis 1761-1762 - Middle aortic syndrome 1787 - Norepinephrine 1756 - Arteriography 1798 Rendu-Osler-Weber disease 478, - Neointimal hyperplasia 1789 - NSAID 1756 - Atheroembolic disease 1760 656, 1075. 1129, 1622, 1702, 1709 - Nephrectomy 1787, 1792 - Phosphatidylinositol 1753 - Atherosclerotic disease 1798 Renin 722, 803, 991, 1023, 1029, - Nephrolithectomy 1795 - Phospholipase A2 1753 - Atherosclerotic renal artery 1044. 1772, 1798, 1815,1841 Pathology 1758 Phospholipase C 1753 stenosis 1757 Renin-angiotensin system 179, - Pathophysiology 1758 - Prostaglandins 1752, 1756 - Azotemia 1775 194· 899.990-991,1621,1752, - Percutaneous nephrostomy - Renal vascular resistance 1755 - Chapel Hill classification 1761 1758, 1774. 1798, 1819, 1847 1795 - Sympathetic nervous system - Cholesterol embolization 1760, Renin-expressing cells 1752 - Percutaneous transluminal 1752,1756 1763 Renin-secreting tumors 1020 angioplasty 1758-1759, 1788 - Systemic blood pressure 1752 - Chronic renal failure 1757, 1774 Renovascular embryology 1751 - Postembolization syndrome - Thromboxane A2 1756 - Circulating hormons 1752 - Angiopoietin-1 1751 1796 - Tubuloglomerular feedback - Corticomedullary junction - Angiopoietin-2 1751 - Pressure gradient 1788 1754 1751 - Fetal liver kinase 1751 - Pseudoaneurysm 1793 - Vasopressin 1753 - Creatinine 1040-1041 - Juxtaglomerular apparatus - Pulmonary edema 1757-1758 - Vasopressin receptors 1753 - Diagnosis 1040 1752 - Rejection 1793 - m adrenoreceptor 1753 - Duplex ultrasonography 1798 - Renin-angiotensin system 1752 - Renal angiography 1758 - {31 adrenoreceptor 1753 - Embryology 1751 - Angiotensin II 1752 - Renal artery injury 1792 Renal carcinoma 651 - Ethanol 1796 - Renin-expressing cells 1752 - 1795 Renal cell carcinoma 475,796, - Fibromuscular dysplasia - Tie-2 receptor tyrosine kinase - Renal failure 1790, 192 1519,1858 1039-1040, 1042, 1760-1761 1751 - Renal hemorrhage 1795 Renal disease 481, 86o, 1016, 1021, - Glomerular filtration rate 1039 - Vascular endothelial growth - Renal impairment 1787 1025-1026 - Hemolytic uremic syndrome factor 1751 - Renin-angiotensin system 1758 - Acute interstitial nephritis 973 1769 Renovascular hypertension 86, - Renovascular hypertension - Acute renal failure 973 - Henoch-Schiinlein purpura 1381, 1413, 1456, 1653. 1726, 1757· 1757 - Chronic failure 86o 1761 1760, 1798, 1800, 1806 - Re-stenosis 1789, 1792, 1794 - Chronic renal disease 1772 - Hypertensive crisis 1774 ReoPro 1119 - Re-stenosis rate 1759 - Creatinine 86o-861 - Hypertensive nephrosclerosis Repaglinide 1003 - Results 1789 - Dialysis 86o 1774-1775 Reperfusions syndrome 1310, 1313 - Retroperitoneal hematoma - End-stage renal disease 1757 - Intravenous pyelogram 1041 Reserpine 1407, 1410 1792 - Furosemide 86o - Ischemia reperfusion injury Residual stenosis 1118 - Revascularization 1759-1760 - Glomerulonephritis 359-360, 1775 Resistance 1622 - Screening 1758 943-944· 948 - Ischemic acute renal failure Resistance index 1870 - Secondary hypertension 1757, - Hematuria 973 1775 Resistance vessels 1618 1759 - Necrotizing glomerulonephri- - Ischemic acute tubular necrosis Respiratory depression 641 - Segmental infarction 1793 tis 360 1775 Respiratory gases 1622 - Stents 683, 1794 - Nephritis 950 - Ischemic nephropathy 1039, Respiratory modulation 1492 - Systemic blood pressure - Periglomerular fibrosis 973 1757.1798 Resporatory arrest 1099 1758-1759 - Pyelography 973 - Juxtamedullary glomeruli 1751 Rest pain 1365, 1386, 1409, 1423, - Takayasu's disease 1787 - Renal failure 879 - Midcortial glomeruli 1751 1433-1435.1438, 1453.1668 - Technique 1788 Renal dysfunction 638ff, 1806 - Nephrectomy 1042, 1796 Re-stenosis 670, 672, 68o, 1042, - TGF-{3 1759 Renal failure 105, 726, 1011, 1021, - Osmotic gradient 1752 1453. 1471,1473-1474.1729,1789, - Theraphy 1758 1039. 1512, 1790, 1848 - Pathophysiology 1752 1792,1794 - Transcatheter embolization - Acute renal failure 1455-1456, - Percutanous approach 1787 Re-stenosis rate 670, 705, 1759 1795 1753. 1757-1759. 1766 - Physiology 1752 Restless legs 1498 - Transplant renal artery - Chronic renal failure 1039, 1757, - Preeclampsia 1773-1774 Restriction 1622 stenosis 1793 1774. 1776, 1844 - Pressure gradient 1798 Reteplase 759 - Transstenotic pressure gradient - Endothelin 726 - Proteinuria 1040 Reticuloendothelial system 1689 1788 - End-stage renal failure 1765 - PTA 1041 Retinal vasculitis 1763 - Treatment 1042 - Ischemic acute renal failure - Radiation nephritis 1777 Retinitis pigmentosa 1292 Renal blood flow 1752 1775 - Renal artery occlusive disease Retinopathy 995, 997, 999, 1021, - A, receptor 1755 Renal hemorrhage 1795 1799 1023,1027,1039-1040,1091 - A2 receptor 1755 Renal impairment 1766, 1787 - Renal artery stenosis 1039, - Proliferative 999,1512 - Acute renal failure 1753 Renal infarction 652 1041,1787 Retrogasserian rhizotomy 1297 - Adenosine 1755 Renal insufficiency 1088 - Renal blood flow 1752 Retro-orbital pain 1285 - Aldosterone 1756 - Acute renal insufficiency 1765 - Renal cell carcinoma 796 Retroperitoneal bleeding 631 - Angiotensin I 1752 - Chronic renal insufficiency - Renal transplantation 1796 Retroperitoneal fibrosis 102, 1414, - Angiotensin II 1752, 1755, 1757 1003,1759 - Renal vascular resistance 1755 1543 - Antidiuretic hormone 1753 - Subacute renal insufficiency - Renal vein thrombosis 1766 Retroperitoneal hemorrhage 1857 - AT, receptor 1752-1753 1765 - Renin-angiotensin-system Retroperitoneal vascular disease - AT 2 receptor 1752 Renal parenchymal disease 1020, 1798 1857 - Atrial natriuretic peptide 1753, 1039.1054 - Renovascular hypertension - Angioleiomyoma 1858 1756 - Chronic renal failure 1039 1757.1760, 1798 - Hematuria 1857-1858 - Autoregulation 1754, 1756 - Creatinine 1039 - Restenosis 1042 - Nephrectomy 1858 - Catecholamins 1753 - Diabetic nephropathy 1039 - Risk factors 1039 - Pelvic arteriovenous - DA, receptor 1753 - Glomerulonephritis 1039 - Saphenous vein graft 1042 aneurysms 1857 - DA 2 receptor 1753 - Hyperkalemia 1039 - Scleroderma 1772 - Renal angiomyolipomas 1858 SUBJECT INDEX

Retroperitoneal vascular disease Schistosomiasis 475, 478,1692 Secondary vasculitis 936 - Lymphonodo-venous shunt - Renal cell carcinoma 1858 - Chonic schistosomiasis 478 Secreted protein acidic and rich operation 1545 Retroperitoneal venous Schoonmaker-King technique in cysteine 225 Lympho-venous shunt hemangiomas 1858 620 Secretin 1690, 1815 operation 1545 - Ureteroarterial fistula 1858 Scimitar syndrome 491 Segmental pressure measurement - Portosystemic shunting 475 - Venous hemangioma 1858 Scintigraphy 1846 s. PET 402, 407, 1424, 1435 - Post-tricuspid shunts 1614 Retroperitoneal venous heman• - 99mTc sestamibi 560 Seizure 973, 1047, 1058, 1083, 1087, - Pre-tricuspid shunts 1614 giomas 1858 - 99mTc tetrofosmin 560 1090, 1102, 1135> 1191, 1223, 1249, - Pulmonary Arteriovenous Reynolds number So, 84, 90, 139, - 99m-Tc-DTPA-albumin 584 1265,1267-1268,1284, shunting 473 702,1334 - 99m-Tc-labeled red blood cells 1289-1290, 1293, 1773 - Right-to-left shunt 1616 Rheography 1369-1370 584 Seldinger technique 640, 1115, - Spider angiomas 478 - Cross-sectional rheography - Labeled erythrocytes 652 1380 - Splenorenal shunt 656 1370 - Thallium-201 scintigraphy Selectin 270, 937-938 - Teleangiectatic microshunting - Longitudinal rheography 1370 1672 - E-selectin 354-355, 938-940, 478 Rheumatic fever 750 Scissor-like clip 1197 975, 996, 1073, 1337 - Venriculo-peritoneal shunt Rheumatic heart disease 1351 SCL-70 973 - L-selectin 356, 938 1251 Rheumatoid arthritis 357,936, Scleritis1602 - P selectin 355, 737, 923, 938, 971, - Volume 1268, 1274 938, 952, 955, 1404, 1406, 1410, Sclerodactyly 953, 1633, 1699, 1702 1073, 1450, 1834 Shy-Drager syndrome 1842 1423,1599,1603-1604,1607,1708 Scleroderma 982, 1380, 1404, Selective catheterisation 640 Sicca syndrome 1699 Rheumatoid factor 358, 362, 937, 1406, 1410, 1423, 1628, 1633, 1637> Selenium 101 Sick euthyroid syndrome 1821 948,952, 960, 1388, 1404, 1407, 1772 Self-neglect 1390 Sickle cell anemia 473,540, 1604 - ACE inhibitor 1772 Semicircular clips 1198 1084-1085, 1102, 1292, 1627 Rho-kinase 915,917-918, 924 - Anemia 1772 Sengstaken-Blakemore tube 1697 - Hypercoagulability 540 Rickettsia rickettsii 357,959, 959 - Azotemia 1772 Sensor deficits 384 - Thrombotic process 540 Rickettsial vasculitis 1762 - Chronic renal disease 1772 Sensorimotor hemisndromes 383 Sickle-cell nephropathy 1776 Rieland sign 394 - Clinical features 1772 Sensoryloss 1259 - ACE inhibition 1777 Right angle clip 1198 - Fragmented erythrocytes 1772 Sensory neurons 175 - Chronic renal failure 1776 Right heart catheterization 1637, - GFR 1772 Sensory syndrome 1222-1223 - Focal segmental glomerulo- 1645 - Granular casts 1772 Seondary phlebosclerosis 1492 sclerosis 1776-1777 - Cardiac index 1637 - Microscopic hematuria 1772 Sepsis 1454, 1459, 1481, 1851 - GFR 1776 - Pulmonary artery pressure 1637 - Pathogenesis 1772 - Head sepsis 1516 - Glomerular enlargement 1777 - Pulmonary capillary pressure - Pathology 1772 - Neck sepsis 1516 - Hematuria 1776-1777 1637 - Proteinuria 1772 Septic emboli 473 - Hemoglobin S 1776 - Pulmonary veno-occlusive - Renal crisis 1058, 1772 Septic phlebitis 1505 - Management 1777 disease 1637 - Renal transplantation 1772 Septic shock 191,736, 1848 - Nephrotic syndrome 1776 - Scleroderma 1637 - Renin 1772 Septic thrombosis 1516 - Papillary necrosis 1776 Right-sided aortic arch 1550 - Schistocytes 1772 Serositis 954 - Pathogenesis 1776 Road-mapping technique 1733 - Scleroderma! renal crisis 1772 Serotonin 170, 177, 185, 191,197, - Pathology 1776 Robotic cardiac surgery 881 - Thrombocytopenia 1772 252, 304, 693, 723, 888-889, 892, - Proteinuria 1776 Rocky Mountain Spotted fever - Treatment 1772 896, 913-917, 925, 1334, 1339, - Renal transplantation 1777 357> 959, 1762 Sclerosis 866 1621-1622,1690,1844-1845 - Sickle-cell anemia 1776 Rosenthal fibers 1282 Sclerotherapy 1499, 1527, - 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid Side effects 1381 Rosiglitazone 1003 1529-1532,1534,1536,1697,1703, 1845 Siderofibrosis 1501 RR-interval 118 1715-1716,1723,1734,1865 Serotonin antagonist 1389 Siderophages 1162, 1285 rt-PA 386,755,757-760,762,1124, - Esophageal sclerotherapy 1700 Serotoninergic receptor 177, 736, Siderosis 1612 1168,1230,1354,1514,1517-1518 Scott syndrome 304 892,913, 916, 1845 Side-winder catheter 1484 Rubber band ligation 1723 Scoville-Lewis spring clip 1157 Sertoli-cell-only syndrome 1864 Sigg sign 394 Rubella 1700 Scrotal edema 1857 Serum sickness 357, 939-940, Sigmoid sinus dural fistula 1131 82Rubidium 555-558,560,579 Scrotal pain 1861 949,1762 Signal-to-noise ratio 521,598 Rutherford classification 393 Scrotal swelling 1861 SET catheter 1476 Sildenaftl 804, 1873 Ryanodine 916 Secondary pulmonary hyper- Sex hormones 1012, 1039 Silicone balloon 1158 tension 1628, 1633 Sexual dysfunction 804 Silicosis 487, 86o s - Acute hypoxia 1628 Shear stress 84, 86, 142, 148, 166, Silk route disease s. Beh<;:et's Saddle nose 1601, 1608 - Bone marrow transplantation 193, 198, 268, 283, 691, 693, 725> disease Salmonella choleraesuis 959 1629 888-891, 897, 1317, 1404, 1450 Silk surgical sutures 1127 Salmonella typhimurium 959, - Cardiac disease 1628 Sheet-forming collagen 218 Simmons catheter 1117 1770 - Chemotherapy 1629 - Collagen type IV 218 Simmons sidewinder 641, 654 Saphenectomy 1506 - Chronic hypoxia 1628 Shepherd-crook catheter 613, 651 Simpson atheroectomy catheter Saphenous phlebitis 1505 - CREST syndrome 1628 Sherman perforators 1531 1474 Saphenous varicosity 1498, 1500, - Felty's syndrome 1629 Shigatoxin 1770, 1772 Simvastatin 1000, 1349 1531 - Hemorrhagic pulmonary Shock 89 SIN-1 s. 3-morpholino• Saphenous vein bypass graft edema 1628 - Hemorrhagic shock 641, 1672 sydnonimine catheterization 621 - Hypoxic pulmonary vaso• - Hypovolemic shock 641 Single photon emission computed Saphenous vein graft 828, 881, constriction 1628 Short saphenous varicosity tomography 556,577,790-791, 1042 - Increased pulmonary blood 1530-1532 1117,1177 Sarcoidosis 473, 86o, 936, 938, flow 1629 Shoulder-girdle compression - 99mTc-DTPA-albumin 584 955, 1050, 1103,1608, 1616, 1636, - Lupus erythematosus 1628 syndrome 1357 - 99mTc-labeled red blood cells 1645 - Mitral stenosis 1629 Shunt 89, 1140, 1253, 1292-1293 584 Saturation point 597 - Plexiform lesion 1628 - Arterial 1256 - Acute ischemic stroke 582-583 Scalenus anterior syndrome 1405 - Pulmonary microangiopathy - Arteriovenous microshunts - Balloon occlusion test 583 Scatter 593 1613 478 - Basic principles 583 - Coherent scatter 594 - Pulmonary parenchymal - Arteriovenous shunt 41, 89, - Blood-brain barrier 583 - Scattered rays 593, 596, 598 disease 1628 1133> 1265-1266, 1270, 1272, 1274, - Brain death 584 Schistocytes 1772 - Pulmonary vascular obstruc• 1276, 1401, 1707 - Cerebral vasospasm 583 Schistosoma 1616, 1645 tion 1628 - Closure devices 1485 - Cerebrovascular disease 583 - Schistosoma haematobium - Pulmonary venous hyper• - Dysfunction 1475 - Chronic occlusive cerebro- 1616 tension 1629, 1644 - Gore-Tex implant shunts 1473 vascular disease 584 - Schistosoma japonicum 1616 - Scleroderma 1628 - Intracoronary shunts 885 - Clinical use 583 - Schistosoma mansoni 475, 478, - Thromboembolic pulmonary - Left-to-right shunt 89,473, - Head injury 583 1616 hypertension 1628 478, 614, 1085, 1612,1614 - Radiotracers 583 SUBJECT INDEX 1929

- Subarachnoid hemorrhage - Metavinculin 206 Snare catheters 1482 Steal effect 1272, 1338 582-584 - Myofibroblasts 209 Sneddon's syndrome 1292 Steal phenomenon 622 - Technetium-99m-ethyl s. Myofibroblasts Sodium 1028-1030 Stellate cells 1692 cysteinate dimer 583 - Myofilaments 205 Sodium amytal 1268 Stemmer's sign 1542, 1544 - Technetium-99m-hexamethyl• - Myosin 206 Sodium morrhuate 1716 Stenosing lesion 86 propylenamine oxime 583 - Myosin heavy chain 205 Sodium nitroprusside 892, 1012, - Fibrocaseous lesion 86 - Technical principles 583 - Myosin heavy chain isoforms 1055, 1088-1089,1168 - Fibrous proliferation 86 Single photon-emitting tracers 206 Sodium tetradecyl sulfate 1716 - Hyalinization 86 555> 571 - Myosin isoforms 205 Soft tissue hypertrophy 1709 - Intimal proliferation 86 - 15-3-methlypentadecanoic acid - Myosin light chain 205 Soluble guanylate cyclase 1620 - Intimal tears 86 571 - Myosin light chain isoforms Somatostatin 1690,1696-1698, - Lipid accumulation 86 - 15-pentadecanoic acid 571 206 1823-1824, 1845 - Mural atrophy 86, 96 - 2o•n+ 571 - N-acetyl galactosamine 207 Somatostatin analoga 1846, 1853 - Secondary thrombosis 86 - Clearance curve 571 - N-acetyl glucosamine 207 Sones technique 621 - Shear stress s. Shear stress - Contractile dysfunction 571 - Perlecan 207 Sos-omni catheters 640, 651 Stent 663, 670, 681, 1042, 1309 - Iodine-123 571 - Phasic types 205 Sotalol 804 - Ancure device 1662 - Metabolism 571 - Phenotypic modulation 207 SPARC s. Secreted protein acidic Ancure endograft system 1663 Single-sheath approach 1476 - Phospholipase C 205 and rich in cysteine Aneurx device 1662-1664 Sinoatrial node pacemaker - Polyploid cells 208 SPECT s. Single photon emission Aortic extender cuff 1663 activity 1819 - Prostacyclin 208 computed tomography Asymmetric expansion 670 Sinotubular junction 610, 616, - Pseudoendothelium 208 Spectral analysis 1374 Bail-out stenting 822 1562 - Relaxation 205 Speed 781, 976, 1084 Balloon-expandable stents Sinuses of Valsalva 610 - Strucural feature 205 Spethler clip 1197 1790 Sinusitis 1517, 1605 - Subpopulations 208 Spetzler-Martin grading system Bifurcated excluder endo• - Chronic sinusitis 1601, 1608 - Synthetic phenotype 206 1236,1239,1267-1269,1274,1276 prostesis 1662 Sinusoidal flow 1692 - Tonic types 205 Sphygmomanometer 1022-1023 Bifurcated stent-graft Sinusoidal resistance 1692 - Tropomyosin 206 Spider angioma 478, 1707 1662-1663 Sjogren's syndrome 948, 1423 - Versican 207 Spider veins 1498 Brachytherapy 833 Skin atrophy 1532 - Vinculin 206 Spinal cavernoma 1282 Bridge stent 1428-1429 Skin necrosis 1127, 1513, 1760 - a-smooth muscle 206 Spinal cord arteriovenous Carbon coating 833 Sleep-apnea 1637-1638 - P-nonmuscle 206 malformation 1141 Corinthian stent 1429 - Central sleep apnea 1082 - y-isoactin 206 - Diagnostic 1141 Culottes technique 831 - Obstructive sleep apnea 1076, - y-nonmuscle 206 - Indications 1142 Dacron 1556 1082 - y-smooth muscle 206 - Procedure 1142 Elastic recoil 831 - Sleep apnea syndrome 1633 Smooth muscle cell 39, 78, 96, 99, Spinal cord dysfunction 1557 Gianturco-Rosch Zigzag stent Smart stent 1428 217, 225, 327, 889-890, 903, 1335, Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula 1471,1473-1474 SMC s. Smooth muscle cell 1450 1141,1253-1257 Gore excluder device 1664 Smith antibody 1767 - Biology 205 - Classification 1253 Gore excluder endovascular Smoking 695, 736, 781, 793, 871, - Differentiation 39 - Diagnostic 1141,1253 stent graft 1663 888,893,922,950,976,996, - Disintegration 81 - Embolization 1256 Herculink Biliary stent 999,1001-1002,1021-1022, - Diversity 206 - Indication 1141 1428-1429 1026-1027,1029,1036, 1039> - Extracellular matrix 207 - Procedure 1141 In-stent restenosis 825-826, 1076, 1081, 1292, 1317, 1337> 1348, - Hereditary hemorrhagic - Progressive myelopathy 1141 832-834 1450,1577 teleangiectasia 40 - Symptoms 1253 Intimal hyperplasia 832 Smoking cessation 1348 - Incorporation 39 - Therapy 1253 IntraStent 1428-1429 Smooth muscle biology 205 - Matrix glycoproteins 225 Spinal intramedullary cavernoma Intrastent thrombosis 824 - Actin 206 - Myofibroblasts 209 1263,1284-1285,1289 Kissing stent 831 - Actin isoforms 206 - Neutral crest 367 Spinal pressure 1218 Malapposition 670, 673 - Biglycan 207 - Origin 366 Spine cord injury 1555 Memotherm stent 1429, 1472 - Caldesmon 206 - Origin-related differentiation Spin-echo-based angiography 517 Metallic stents 833, 1790 - cAMP 205 367 Spiral CT 1517, 1551 Minimal in-stent area 671 - cGMP 205 - Partial separation 81 Spirochetal 357 Neointimal hyperplasia 671 - Chondroitin sulphate proteo- - Phenotype 207 Spironolactone 899, 1032, Nitinol exoskeleton 1662 glycan 207 - Recruitment 366 1034-1035,1045,1047,1698,1841 Nitinol stent 1305-1307 - Class n MHC antigen 208 - Strucural features 205 Splanchnic artery aneurysms Paclitaxel 833 - Collagen type I 207 - Subpopulations 208 1708 Palmaz stent 1428,1472-1474, - Collagen type IV 207 - Vascular remodeling 249 Splanchnic circulation 1690 1583,1790 - Contractile phenotype 206 Smooth muscle growth 198 Splenectomy 1771 Pathophysiological reaction - Cytoskeletal domain 206 - Adrenomedullin 198 Splenic vein thrombosis 1692, 832 - Decorin 207 - Basic fibroblast growth factor 1695 Phosphoryl kinase coating 833 - Diversity 206 198 Splenomegaly 1703-1704,1707 Platinum 1428 - Ectodermal origin 208 - C-type natriuretic peptide 198 Splenoportography 655 Polymer covered stents 833 - Extracellular matrix 207 - Heparan sulfate 198 Splenorenal shunt 656, 1707 Prevention 833 - Factor VIII antibodies 208 - Heparin 198 Spondyloarthopathies 936, 938, Radioactive stents 833 - Flavobacterium heparinum - Inhibitors 198 954 Rapamycin 833 207 - Nitric oxide 198 Sprinter hemorrhage 1606 Restenosis 671 - Glucuronic acid 207 - Platelet -derived growth factor Stable angina 381 s.Angina Self-expanding stents 1790 - Glycosaminoglycan 207 198 Stain 340 Smart stent 1428 - G-Protein 205 - Promotors 198 Stainless steel coil 1128 Stent thrombosis 670, 822, 833 - Heavy chain 206 - Prostacyclin 198 Stanford classification 1057,1552 Strecker tantalum stent 1471, - Heparan sulphate proteoglycan - Shear stress 198 Staphylococcus 1473 207 - Transforming growth factor-{11 - Staphylococcal toxin 940 T stenting 831 - Keratin sulphate proteoglycan 198 - Staphylococcus aureus Talent stent-graft system 1663 207 - Vascular remodeling 250 959-960, 1764 Taxol 833 - Langhans cells 208 Smooth muscle hypercontraction - Staphylococcus aureus Underexpansion 670 - LDL 207 913-914, 916-917, 921, 924, 927 phlebitis 1505 V stenting 831 - Leucine-rich dermatan Smooth muscle migration s. - Staphylokinase 759 VistaFlex stent 1428-1429 sulphate proteoglycan 207 Smooth muscle growth Stasis eczema 1501, 1504 Wallstent 1305-1307, 1325, 1428, - Light chain 206 Smooth muscle relaxation 154 Statins 794, 797-800, 803, 1471-1474> 1794 - Lumican 207 Smooth muscle tone 154, 1868 897-898,1076,1091 Stent malapposition 670, 673 1930 SUBJECT INDEX

Stenting 732, 1303,1307, 1324, 1477, - Thallium-201 scintigraphy - Cerebral blood flow 1101 - Asystole 748 1727-1729 1672 - Cerebral embolism 1168 - Cardiomyopathy 748 - Air embolization 1483 Stress-induced angina 570 - Cerebral vasospasm 1167 - Definfition 748 - Back-bleeding 1665 Stress-stain diagram 341 - Complications 1168 - Drug 748 - Central embolization 1474 Striae 1023,1840 - Diagnostic 1101 - Incidence 748 - Complications 1426, 1483 Stritolenticular infarct 384 - Familial disposition 534 - Intervention 748 - Device implanation technique Stroke 4, 629, 642, 861, 871, 999, - Grading scales 1166 - Management 748 1664 1001, 1011, 1024, 1027, 1036, 1043, - Headache 1100 - Prevention 748 - Embolism 1427 1048, 1056, 1069, 1071-1073, 1165, - Hunt and Hess classification - Prognosis 748 - Embolization 1665 1171, 1178, 1222, 1293, 1316, 1321, 1100 - Valvular heart disease 748 - Fluoroscopic guidance 1664 1323-1325,1830,1840 - Hydrocephalus 1100-1101, 1166, - Ventricular tachyarrhythmia - Follow-up 1428 - Acute stroke 382,579, 582-584, 1169 748 - Insufficient stent expansion 1087 - Intracranial hypertension 1101 Sudden death 605, 614,784, 855, 1483 - Amaurosis fugax 383 - Intracranial pressure 1101 922, 983-984 - Intra-restenosis 1473 - Ataxic hemiparesis syndrome - Management 1101 Sufentanil 861 - Mean translesion gradient 384 - Meningism 1100 Sugita clip 1197 1427 - Brainsteam stroke 426 - Postsubarachnoid hemorrhage Sulfamethoxazole 1604 - Peak translesion gradient 1427 - Complete stroke 383 vasospasm 1121-1122 Sulfonamides 1412 - Peripheral stent thrombosis - Diagnostic 1123 - Triple-H Therapy 1121, 1168, Sulfonylurea 999, 1002-1003 1475 - Foramen ovale 386 1195 Sulphinpyrazone 1349 - Persistent endoleak 1665 - Hemiataxia 384 - Vasospasm 1100-1102 Superficial thrombophlebitis - Placement 1663 - Hemichorea 384 - Ventricular dilatation 1166 1851 - Restenosis 1428,1473-1474 - Hemidystonia 384 Subclavian artery stenosis 622 Superficial venous system - Rethrombosis 1428 - Hemiparesis 384 Subclavian artery transposition 1526-1527, 1532, 1537 - Self-crimped stent 1483 - Hemorrhagic stroke 1512 1589,1592 Superior cerebellar artery - Stent embolization 1483 - Indications 1123 Subclavian endolumial grafting syndrome 1326 - Stent retrieval 1483 - Intracranial hemorrhage 1123 1430 Superior hemorrhoidal system - Stent thrombosis 596 - Ischemic stroke 582-583 Subclavian steal syndrome 648, 1686 - Stent-graft migration 1557, - Lacunar infarct syndromes 384 1078,1423, 1569, 1587 Superior sinus thrombosis 1517 1663 - Lipid-hyalin deposits 384 - Aneurysms 1589 Superior vena cava thrombosis - Stent-grafting lacks 1557 - Major stroke 383 - Antegrade vertebral flow 1591 1516 - Stent-in-stent technique 1475 - Malignant middle cerebral - Atherosclerotic lesion 1587 - Cardiac pacemaker 1516 - Subacute thrombosis 1473 artery infarct 384 - Axillary thrombosis 1592 - Ovarian hyperstimulation - Subclavian stenting 1426-1427 - Microangiopathic infarcts 384 - Balloon angioplasty 1591 syndrome 1516 - Suction effect 1483 - Minor stroke 383 - Carotid-subclavian artery Superoxide anion 192, 691, 888, - Technique 1472 - Mortality 4 bypass 1589-1592 900, 903, 1337 - Thoracic outlet decompression - Motor neglect syndrome 384 - Catheter embolectomy 1589 Superoxide dismutase 192, 734, 1428 - Neuological deficits 383 - Claudication 1587 737, 899-900 - Unexpanded stent 1483 - Paradoxical cardiac embolism - Complications 1591-1592 Suprachiasmatic nucleus 176 Stereotactic aspiration 1099, 386 - Diagnosis 1588 Supravalve aortic stenosis 1563 1228,1230 - Progressive stroke 383 - Embolization 1588 Supraventricular aortic stenosis Stereotactic irradiation 1269-1271 - Prolonged reversible ischemic - Endarterectomy 1589 41 Stereotactic radiosurgery neurological deficits 383, 630, - Endovascular treatment 1591 Supraventricular tachyar- 1104-1105 1165 - Indications 1588 rhythmias 1820 Sternal infection 861, 871 - Psychotic hallucinatory - Longitudinal arteriotomy 1589 Swan Ganz catheter 485, 1484 Sternotomy 863, 879-884 episodes 384 - Microembolism 1588,1591 Sydenham's corea 957 - Median 863,1567 - Randomized trial 1123 - Morbidity 1589-1590 Sympathectomy 1338, 1401, - Midline 879, 882-883 - rtPA 386 - Mortality 1590 1403-1405,1407,1410 - Ministernotomy 1579 - Sensor deficits 384 - Operative technique 1589 - Lumbar sympathectomy 1358 - Partial sternotomy 884 - Sensorimotor hemisnydromes - Physical examination 1588 - Thoracic sympathectomy 1357 - Resternotomy 880 383 - Re-stenosis 1592 Sympathetic ganglia 1047, 1814 Stewart-Treves syndrome 1541 - Stritolenticular infarct 384 - Retrograde vertebral flow 1591 Sympathetic nervous fibers 168 Sticky platelet syndrome 1203 - Subcortical vascular - Revascularization 1588-1589 Sympathetic nervous system Straight catheter 1428 encephalopathy 385 - Subclavian artery transposition 1019,1752,1756,1798,1813-1814, Strain hypoxic tolerance 1389 - Thrombolytic therapy 1122 1589,1592 1842 Strain-Gauge plethysmography - Transient ischemic attacks 383, - Treatment 1589 - Achetylcholine 1815 s. Plethysmography 630 - Upper extremity ischemia - Adrenergic receptors 1814 Stratum subendotheliale 51 - Vascular dementia 385 1589 - Chromaffm tissue 1814 s. Histology - Visual-field defects 384 - Vertebrobasilar insufficiency - D, adrenoreceptors 1814 Strawberry gums 1601 Stroke syndrome 1077,1217-1218 1588 - D2 adrenoreceptors 1814 Streamlines 142 Stroke volume 126, 134, 1819 - Vertebrobasilar symptoms - Desensitization 1814 Strecker tantalum stent 1471, 1473 Stromelysin 220 1588-1589 - Diastolic blood pressure 1814 Streptococcus Stuart factor 292 Subclavian stenting 1426-1427 - Dopamine 1813-1814 - Group A Streptococci 357, 939 Studies 603 Subclinical vascular disease 12 - Endocrine glands 1813 - Streptococcal antigen 939 Stunned myocardium 735 Subcortical vascular - Epinephrine 1813-1815 - Streptococcal cellulites 1360 Stupor 870, 1849 encephalopathy 385 - Estrogen 1814 - Streptococcal pharyngitis 957 Sturge-Weber syndrome 89, 1075, Subcutaneous nodules 952, 957 - Exocrine glands 1813 - Streptococcal toxin 940 1282 Subdural hematoma 1165 - Gastrointestinal myenteric - Streptococcus pneumoniae Subadventitial dissection 1172 Subendocardial perfusion 167 plexus 1815 1770 Subaortic stenosis 982 Subfascialligation 1528, 1532 - Glucagon 1815 - Streptococcus viridans 960 Subarachnoid hemorrhage 427, Subfascial venous system 1493, - Glucocorticoids 1814 Streptokinase 358, 596, 755, 758, 534,538,580, 582-584, 973, 1503-1504 - Hyperthyroidism 1814 1090,1099,1354,1399,1514,1518, 1084-1085, 1100-1102, 1056, Subintimal dissection 1172 - Hypokalemia 1815 1729,1732 1094,1141-1143,1147-1148,1156, Substance P 177, 691, 693, 724, - Hypothalamus 1813 Streptozotocion 1846 1158-1159,1162, 1165-1168, 892-893, 913, 924, 1336, - Hypothyroidism 1814 Stress 340, 781, 801-802 1175-1177,1183-1186,1193-1196, 1844-1845 - Insulin 1815 Stress fractures 81 1203, 1218, 1257, 1295, 1407, 1850 Subtotal thyroidectomy 1052 - Neurotransmitter 176,991, Stress testing 1672,1741 - Acute 534 Succinyl oxydase 1390 1815,1840 - Dobutamine stress echocardio• - Aneurysm 1100, 1850 Succinylcholine 862 - Norepinephrine 1813-1815 graphy 1672 - Aneurysmal rupture 1100 Sudden cardiac death 748 - Plasma catecholamins 1813 SUBJECT INDEX 1931

- Postganglionic sympathetic - ANCA 357-361>363, 937, 939, - Symptoms 1411 - Aortic ulcer 1558 neurons 1813 943-944, 960 - Treatment 1411 - Aortic ventricular tunnel 1563 - Postsynaptic receptors 1814 - Aneurysm 938,942,944-949 Tandem lesion 1323 - Aortitis 1559 - Preganglionic autonomic - Angioedema 948 Taxol 833 - Ascending aorta 1562 neurons 1813 - Azathioprine 941,945,949-950 Technetium - Bi-lobed patch 1563 - Presynaptic receptors 1814 - Beh.yet's disease 357, 936, 938, - 99rnTc sestamibi 556-558, - Chronic aneurysm 1565-1567 - Presynaptic sympathetic 949 560-562 - Congenital disease 1563, nerves 1753 - Chlorambucil 949-950 - 99rnTc teboroxime 556 1567-1569 - Progesterone 1814 - Churg-Strauss syndrome - 99rnTc tetrofosmin 556, s6o - Coronary fistula 1563 - Renin 1815 356-358,360,362-363,936,938, - 99rnTc-DTPA-albumin 584 - CT 1551-1552 - Sympathetic ganglia 1814 940,944 - 99rnTc-labeled red blood cells - Descending aorta 1569 - Systolic blood pressure 1814 - Cogan's syndrome 936, 938, 584,1701 - Diseases 1549 - Tachyphylaxis 1814 949 - 9ornTc-nanocolloid 1542 - Double arch formation 1550 - Transmitter 1814 - Cyclophosphamide 942-943, - Technetium-99m sestamibi - Echcardiography 1551-1552 - a, adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 945, 948-950 1457 - Fontan-type circulation 1563 - a 2 adrenoreceptors 1814 - Cyclosporine 942, 945, - Technetium-99m-ethyl - Hypoplastic aortic arch 1567 - {3, adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 949-950 cysteinate dimer 583 - Hypoplastic left heart syn- - {32 adrenoreceptors 1814-1815 - Diagnosis 936, 941 - Technetium-99m-hexamethyl• drome 1563 Sympathetic receptor 1334 - Giant cell arteritis 357, propylenamine oxime 583 - Inflammatory disease 1569 Sympathetic reflex dyspthrophy 360-362,936,938-941 - Technetium-99m-labeled - Interrupted aortic arch 1567 syndrome 1544 - Henoch-Schonlein purpura scintigraphy 1759 - Intramural hematoma 1557 Sympathic blockade 1353 357> 360, J63, 936, 949> 955 Teflon 883 - Left-sided aortic arch 1550 Sympathicolysis 1357-1358, - Hypersensitivity vasculitis Teleangiectasia 89, 1627, - MRA 1550 1403-1404 936,938,948 1702-1703, 1735-1736 - MRI 1549-1552 Sympathicotomy 1410 - Kawasaki disease 357-358,360, Temporal arteritis 357, 936, - Norwood operation 1563 Sympathoexcitatory neurons 179 362,936,938-940,945-948,960 939-941, 1411-1412,1599 - Percutaneous approach 1549 Symthatic nervous activity 1621 - Methotrexate 941-943 - Electrophoresis 1411 - Pseudo-coarctation 1550 Syncope 179, 380, 922, 946, - Microscopic polyangiitis - Symptoms 1411 - Right-sided aortic arch 1550 984-985, 1423, 1633 357-360,362-363,936,939-940, - Therapy 1412 - Supravalve aortic stenosis 1563 - Cerebral syncope 183 944 Temporary clipping 1199-1200, - Surgical approach 1561 - Diagnostic 182 - Necrotizing arteritis 362, 944, 1276 - - Dysautonomic syncope 182 960 Tenascin 225, 270 1550,1559 - Neurocardiogenic syncope - Pathogenesis 937 Tenecteplase 756, 759 - Trauma 1569 182, 631, 985 - Pauci-immune vasculitis Tension 341 - Trauma of the aorta 1558 - Pschogenic syncope 184 358-359,363, 944 Terlinpressin 1696-1697 - Tri-lobed patch 1563 - Reflex syncope 179 - Polyarteritis nodosa 357>360, Terson's syndrome 1166 - Williams syndrome 1563 - Therapy 184 362-363, 936-940, 944> 949> 955, Testicular necrosis 1861 Thoracic aortic aneurysm 548, Syndecan-1 223-226 958 Testicular rupture 1861 1550,1559 Syndrome X 380,570, 703,770, - Polymyalgia rheumatica 362, Testicular torsion 1861 - Anuloaortic ectasia 1559 926, 930-934, 1011 940-941 Testosterone 801,1830,1837-1838 - Cardiopulmonary bypass 1567 - Stress-induced angina 570 - Prednisone 941, 943 - Free 1838 - Cerebral protection 1567 Syphilis 94,362, 486, 936,958, - Proteinase 3 358,939,943 - Hyppotestosterone 1837 - Chronic aneurysm 1565 1172, 1576,1762 - Serum sickness 357, 939-940, Tetracycline 1412 - Complex aneurysm 1570 - Cutaneous syphilis 1409 949 Tetraltydrobiopterin 889 - Dacron graft 1567 - Intravascular microgumma 958 - Takayasu arteritis 357,360-362, Tetralogy of Fallot 37, 43, 615 - David technique 1559 - Neurosyphilis 1081 936,938-939,941-943>949 Tetraplegia 1263 - Diagnosis 1565 - Syphilitic aortitis 1653 - Temporal arteritis 357,936, TGF 450 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 1565 Syringomyelia 1263 939-941 TGF s. Transforming growth - Elephant trunk principle 1570 Systemic arterial supply 488 - Therapy 941-950 factor - False aneurysm 1559 - Aspergilloma 488 - Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia T-graft 863, 882 - Fibrillin gene 1565 - Bronchiectasis 488 363, 936-940, 948 Thalamic hemorrhage 1223, 1229 - Fusiform aneurysm 1559 - Bronchopulmonary - Wegener's granulomatosis Thallium-201 982, 1457 - Giant cell aortitis 1565 sequestration 488 357-360,362-363,936,938,940, Thapsigargin 916 - Hypothermia 1567 - Hemoptysis 488 943 Thedesian vessel 613 - Marfan's disease 1559,1565, 1567 - Rasmussen syndrome 488 Systemic venous hypertension 382 Theobromine 974 Mycotic affection 1565 Systemic arterial-pulmonary Systolic dysfunction 987, 991 Theophylline 185, 733, 974, 1755 - Pseudoaneurysm 1559 vascular communication 1622 Thermal diffusion flowmetry 577 - Reconstruction 1559 Systemic circulation 57 T Thermal technique 1718 - Risk factor 1565 Systemic emboli 391, 755 T. pallidum 959-960 Thermoregulation 1333 - Saccular aneurysm 1559, 1567 Systemic lupus erythematosus Tabotamp 1276 Thiazolidinediones 569, 999, - Stent-graft placement 1559 358, 361, 482-483, 936, 938, Tachycardia 988, 1050 1003,1831 - Syphylitic affection 1565 950-952, 1103, 1339, 1380, 1404, - Reflex tachycardia 984 Thienopyridine 752, 841, 844 - Takayasu's disease 1565 1406,1410, 1423, 1495, 1608,1628 - Ventricular fibrillation 596, 885 Thioamides 1051-1052 - Traumatic affection 1565 - Acute lupus pneumonitis - Ventricular tachycardia 596, Thiocyanate 1055-1056,1058 - True aneurysm 1559 482-483 885 Thiosulfate 1055 - Yacoub technique 1559 - Lupus anticoagulans 956, 1388, Tachyphylaxis 1814 Thiouracil 359 Thoracic outlet abnormalties 1520 Tacrolimus 1770 Thoma's explanation 86 1588 - Lupus antigoagulant TAFI s. Thrombin-activatable Thoracic aorta 1547,1549 Thoracic outlet decompression 1772-1773 fibrinolysis inhibitor - Aberrant left subclavian artery 1428 - Pulmonary hemorrhage Takayasu's arteritis 357, 360-362, syndrome 1550 Thoracic outlet syndrome 647 482-483 481,486,603,936,938-939> - Aneurysm 1567, 1570 Thoracic vascular disease 1547 Systemic necrotizing vasculitis 941-943> 949> 1085, 1305, 1365, - Aortic arch 1567 - Aneurysm 1567, 1570 481 1410-1411,1422-1423,1426,1559, - Aortic coarctation 1550 - Aortic dissection 1552-1558, Systemic nodular panniculitis 1565,1569,1575-1576,1578,1584, - Aortic dissection 1549-1558, 1563-1567,1569-1570 1851 1587, 1599> 1608,1671,1708,1726, 1563-1567,1569-1570 - Aortic ulcer 1558 Systemic sclerosis 938, 953-954, 1762-1763, 1787 - Aortic isthmus 1568 - Aortitis 1559 1339,1607 - Diagnosis 1411 - Aortic root 1562 - Carotid bifurcation lesion 1575 Systemic vascular resistance 1819 - Examination 1411 - Aortic rupture 1563 - Chronic aneurysm 1565-1567 Systemic vasculitis 538, 935, - Giant cells 1411 - Aortic stenosis 1550 - Common carotid artery 938-950 - Pulse status 1411 - Aortic syndrome 1552 1584-1587 1932 SUBJECT INDEX

Thoracic vascular disease Thrombectomy 1453, 1506, - Risks 758 - Splenic vein thrombosis 1692 - Concomitant vertebral artery 1514-1516 - rt-PA 755,757-760,762 - Stabilisation 335 1575 - Arteriovenous fistula 1515 - Streptokinase 758 - Systemic thrombotic propensity - Congenital disease 1563, - Aspiration thrombectomy - Systemic Thrombolysis 758 332 1567-1569 1354-1355> 1476 Thrombomodulin 1834 - Therapy 246 - Congestive pulmonary - Balloon catheter 1514 Thrombopenia 1512 - Thrombin 331 angiopathy 1612 - Hydrodynamic thrombectomy Thrombophilia 1164, 1203, 1494, - Thrombus morphology 332 - Cor pulmonale 1629 1476-1478 1516-1517, 1519-1521 - Tissue factor 331 - Dietary pulmonary hyper- - Limb salvage 1514 Thrombophlebitis 1084 - Venous sinus thrombosis 543 tension 1615 - Mechanlical thrombectomy - Atypical superficial thrombo• - Venous thrombosis 1772 - Diseases of the supraaortic 1475 phlebitis 1414 - Vulnerable plaques 333 great vessels 1573, 1575 - Phlegmasia cerulea dolens - Common thrombophlebitis - {3-blockers 336 - Diseases of the thoracic aorta 1514-1515 394 Thrombospondin 225, 253, 280 1547> 1549 - Postthrombotic syndrome - Thrombophlebitis migrans Thrombotic embolic occlusion - Giant-cell arteritis 1576 1514-1515 1403 596, 617, 630 - Hypertensive pulmonary Thrombendarterctomy 1357-1359 - Thrombophlebitis saltans 1403 Thrombotic microangiopathy arteriopathy 1609 Thrombin 191, 197,251, 288, 331, Thromboplasmin 292 1767, 1769, 1772-1774, 1777 - Hypoplastic aortic arch 1567 691, 726, 841, 844, 848, 889, 896, Thrombosis 239, 293, 296, 331, 358, Thrombotic occlusion 1356, 1492 - Hypoplastic left heart 993, 1334, 1339 673,693,746,866,956,995,99h Thrombotic process 540 syndrome 1563 Thrombin receptor 198 1010, 1266, 1282-1283, 1323, 1325, Thrombotic pulmonary hyper- - Hypoxic pulmonary vaso• Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis 1352,1357,1434,1481,1492-1495, tension 1627 constriction 1628 inhibitor 294 1500,1505,1704 - Hypercoagulable state 1627 - Increased pulmonary blood Thrombin-antithrombin complex - ACE inhibitors 336 - Left ventricular failure 1627 flow 1629 1494 - Acute thrombosis 923, 1426, - Mitral stenosis 1627 - Inflammatory disease 1569 Thrombmodulin 294, 691, 1335 1451 - Pulmonary infarction 1627 - Innominate artery 1575 Thromboangiitis obliterans 936, - Acute venous thrombosis 1506 - Sickle cell anemia 1627 - Interrupted aortic arch 1567 1403, 1406, 1408-1410, 1451, 1506 - Antegrade thrombosis 1584 Thrombotic sign's 394 - Intramural hematoma 1557 - Acral necrosis 1403 - Antibiotics 336 Thrombotic thrombocytopenic - Intrinsic pulmonary artery - Amputation 1404 - Anti-inflammatory therapy purpura 1769 disease 1624 - Autoimmune pathogenesis 336 - Anemia 1771 - Persistent pulmonary hyper• 1403 - Axillary thrombosis 1592 - Clinical features 1770 tension 1616 - Deep vein thrombosis 1403 - Chlamydia pneumoniae 336 - Cyclosporine 1771 - Primary pulmonary hyper• - Diagnosis 1403 - Clinical manifestations 333 - Etiology 1770 tension 1614, 1625-1627 - Examination 1403 - Coronary thermography 335 - Interleukin-I 1771 - Pulmonary capillary heman• - Intermittent claudication 1403 - Cortical vein thrombosis 544 - Interleukin-8 1771 giomatosis 1629 - Oscillography 1403 - C-reactive protein 334 - Ischemic colitis 1771 - Pulmonary hypertension - Thrombophlebitis migrans - Determinants 331 - Management 1771 1609-1617 1403 - Electron beam computed - Microangiopathic anemia 1769 - Pulmonary microangiopathy - Thrombophlebitis saltans 1403 tomography 335 - Microvascular thrombosis 1771 1613 - Treatment 1403 - Embolizing culprit lesions 333 - Nephrectomy 1771 - Pulmonary parenchymal - Type I collagen 1403 - Fibrinogen 334 - Pathogenesis 1770 disease 1628 - Type III collagen 1403 - Fresh thrombosis 1475 - Pathology 1770 - Pulmonary vasculitides 1599 Thrombocythemia 1102 - Gene therapy 247 - Plasminogen activator - Pulmonary vena-occlusive Thrombocytopenia 753, 755, 956, - Helicobacter pylori 336 inhibitor-! 1771 disease 1613, 1627-1628 1099, 1607, 1769, 1772, 1773, 1777, - Hepatic artery thrombosis - Prostacyclin 1771 - Pulmonary venous hyper• 1851 1704 - Splenectomy 1771 tension 1629 Thrombocytosis 1388, 1406, 1410, - Homocysteine 334 - Therapy 1771 - Rupture 1563 1475 - Hypercholesterinemia 335 - Thrombocytopenia 1769 - Secondary pulmonary hyper- - Essential thrombocytosis 1413 - Imaging 334 - TNF-a 1771 tension 1628 Thromboembolic diathesis 1851 - Intravascular elastography 335 - Verotoxin receptor 1771 - Subclavian artery occlusive Thromboembolic disease 667, - Intravascular ultrasonography - Vincristine 1771 disease 1587 1635-1636 334 - Von-Willebrand factor - Subclavian steal syndrome - Chronic thromboembolic - Lipid lowering 335 1770-1772 1587 disease 1616, 1645 - Lipoprotein a 334 - Weibel-Palade bodies 1770 - Supravalve aortic stenosis Thromboembolic material 1308 - Local flow disturbances 332 Thromboxane 169, 723, 1010, 1334, 1563 Thromboembolic pulmonary - Local thrombogenic substrate 1339 - Takayasu's arteritis 1575 arteriopathy 1612 331 - Thromboxane A2 1 97, 304, 8o6, - Thoracic aortic aneurysm 1559 Thromboembolic pulmonary - Local thrombosis 1381-1382, 890, 902, 993, 1084, 1621, 1756, - Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension 1628 1426 1773-1774 hypertension 1628 Thromboendarterectomy 1742 - Magnetic resonance imaging - Thromboxane receptor 196 - Trauma 1569 Thrombolysis 755, 1126, 1230, 1354, 335 Thrombus 95, 97, 105, 321, 416, - Trauma of the aorta 1558 1442, 1453, 1514, 1518,1729 - Markers 334 603, 630, 668, 896, 1102, 1306, - Vascular diseases of the lung - Cerebral hemorrhage 1514 - Matrix metalloproteinase in- 1308, 1323, 1506, 1665 1597 - Complications 1514 hibitors 336 - Microthrombi 97 Thoracotomy - Local thrombolysis 1475 - Mesenteric vein thrombosis - Mural thrombus 237 - Bilateral anterolateral thoraco• - Postthrombotic syndrome 1514 1730,1745-1746 - Septic thrombi 959 tomy 1568,1570 - Pulmonary embolism 1514 - Microvascular thrombosis 1771 Thrombus retraction 1557 - Lateral thoracotomy 88o, 1568, - rtPA 1514 - Mural thrombus 333 Thromembolic occlusion 1413 1570 - Streptokinase 1514 - Nonocclusive thrombosis 333 - Atrial fibrillation 1413 - Posterolateral thoracotomy - Urokinase 1514 - Occlusive thrombosis 333 - Mitral valve defect 1413 1570,1589 Thrombolysis in myocardial - Percutaneous coronary - Treatment 1413 Three-dimansional ultrasound infarction classification 628 335 Throracoabdominal venous 431 Thrombolytic therapy 756, 1089, - Plaque erosion 331 pump 1490 - Assessment of atherosclerotic 1701 - Plaque rupture 327 Thyroglobulin 1819 plaques 432 - Adjuvant Therapy 758 - Portal vein thrombosis 1692, Thyroid antibody 1821 - Image spatial position 431 - Aspirin 758 1695> 1705, 1707, 1729 Thyroid dysfunction 1342 - Position and orientation - Contraindications 758 - Renal vein thrombosis 1766 - Amiodarone 1821-1822 measurement 431 - Drugs 758 - Retrograde thrombosis 1584 - Atrial arrhythmias 1819 Transcranial angiography 432 - Heparin 758 - Risk factors 333 - Autoimune thyroid disease - Visualization techniques 431 - Indication 758 - Shunt thrombosis 1475, 1478 1821 SUBJECT INDEX 1933

- Beta-blocker 1819 - Tie-2 pathway 244 - Dizziness 1082 Transthroacic echocardiography - Blood pressure 1820 - Tie-2 receptor tyrosine kinase - Double vision 1082 1634 - Calcium 1819 1751 - Dysarthria 1081-1082 Transthyretin 1098 - Cardiac output 1819-1820 Time-velocity integral 704 - Dysphagia 1082 Transudate Fibrin-rich - Circulating volume 1820 TIMI s. Thrombolysis in myo• - Dysphasia 1081 transudate 1613 - Corticosteroid 1822 cardial infarction - Nausea 1082 Transverse sinus dural fistula - Diastolic blood pressure 1819 Timolol 804, 1032,1034 - Paresthesias 1081-1082 1131 - ECG 1820 Tinnitus 949, 1131,1134, 1189, 1250, - Vertigo 1081-1082 TRAP filter 1308 - Erythropoietin 1819 1300 - Vomiting 1082 Trash foot 1668 - Graves' disease 1820 Tirofiban 752 Transjugular intrahepatic Trauma of the aorta 1558 - Hashimoto's disease 1820-1821 Tissue factor 197, 288, 293,331, portosystemic shunt 1691, - Complete aortic transection - Heart rate 1820 1494,1777 1696,1699-1700,1705 1559 - Hyperthyroidism 1819-1822 - Tissue factor pathway inhibitor Transmural dissection 1172 - Deceleration injury 1569 - Hypothyroidism 1820-1821 288, 297. 1834 Transmural ventricular rupture - False aneurysm 1569 - Interleukin-6 1821 Tissue oxygenation 1336 859 - Ligamentum arteriosum 1559 - Iodine 1821 Tissue plasminogen activator Transmyocardiallaser revascular• - Partial aortic transection - Jod-Basedow effect 1821 289, 302, 306, 596, 691, 759. ization 737, 858 1559 - Levothyroxine 1821 1335 Transmyocardial pressure - Periaortic hematoma 1559 - Nonthyroidal illness syndrome - Tissue plasminogen activator gradient 989 - Pseudoaneurysm 1558 1821 antigen 1834 Transplant rejection 1768 - Saccular aneurysm 1559 - Oxidative phosphorylation - Tissue-type plasminogen - Accelerated rejection 1768 - Similarly aortic transection 1819 activator 1853 - Acute cellular rejection 1769 1559 - Oxygen consumption 1820 Titanium 1157,1197, 1276 - Acute rejection 1768 - Traumatic aortic tear 1558 - Peripheral resistance 1820 TNF-a 726,914,993, 1624, 1771 - Acute renal allograft rejection Traumatic dissection 642, 646 - Physical examination 1820 s. Tumor necrosis factor-a 1768 Traumatic occlusion 1412 - Physiology 1819 Tobacco 975-976, 1022 - Acute tubular necrosis 1768 - Acute trauma 1412 - Sick euthyroid syndrome 1821 Toe-brachial index 402 - Acute vascular rejection 1769 - Chronic trauma 1412 - Sinoatrial node pacemaker TOF s. Time of flight - Antibody-mediated hyperacute - Diagnosis 1412 activity 1819 Tolazoline 643,1407, 1732 rejection 1768 - Fingertip necrosis 1412 - Stroke volume 1819 Tonometer 127 - Banff classification 1768 - Symptons 1412 - Symptoms 1820 Tonsillitis 1516-1517 - Chronic rejection 1768-1769 - Treatment 1412 - Systemic vascular resistance Topoisomerase-1 953-954 - Cold ischemic time 1769 - Vasospastic syndrome 1412 1819 Tortuosity 81, 97 - Cyclosporine toxicity - Vibrational injuries 1412 - Thyroglobulin 1819 Total anomalous pulmonary 1768-1769 Treadmill ergometry 381, 562, - Thyroid antibody 1821 venous return 44, 493 - Delayed graft function 1769 1369, 1372,1435,1437 - Thyroid hormones 1819 Total arterial compliance 125, 130 - Fibrinoid necrosis 1769 - Claudication distance 1373 - Thyroid-stimulating hormone Total incremental elastic modulus - HLA class I antigen 1768 - Local metabolic acidosis 1373 1819-1820 158 - HLA mismatch 1769 Tremor 1050-1051 - Thyrotoxicosis 1819-1821 Total peripheral resistance 130, - Hypercholesterolemia 1769 Trench fever 959 - Thyrotropin 1821 1016 - Intrarenal coagulopathy 1768 Trendelenburg I test 395 - Thyroxine 1819-1820 Toxic oil syndrome 1615 - Leukocyte transmigration Trendelenburg II test 395 - Treatments 1821 t-PA 891,896,997,1057,1099, 1769 Trepanation 1224 - Tri-iondothyronine 1819 1123 - Methylprednisolone 1769 TRH 1849 - Ventricular remodeling 1819 t-PA s. Tissue plasminogen - Proteinuria 1769 Tricarboxylic acid cycle 571 - Wolff-Chaikoff effect 1821 activator - Renal transplantation Tricolor discoloration 1423 Thyroid gland 1811 Tracheoinnominate fistula 1576 1768-1769 Tricuspid insufficiency 1633 - and vascular system 1839 Trandolapril 8o6, 1032, 1034 - Risk factors 1769 Tricyclic antidepressants 1037, - Graves's disease 1811 Tranexamic acid 862,1156 Transplant vasculitis 936, 938, 1049 - Hyperthyroidism 1811 Tranilast 833 956 Trigeminal neuralgia 1070, 1190, - Intracystic hemorrhage 1811 Transcranial doppler 427 Transplantation 1020 1297. 1299-1300 - Thyroid neoplasia 1811 Transcutaneous oxygen pressure - Bone marrow transplantation - Alcohol injection 1297 Thyroid hormones 1819 1494 1607, 1629, 1705, 1777 - Balloon compression 1297 Thyroid neoplasia 1811 Transcutaneous oxygen tension - Cadaveric transplants 1794 - Complication 1298 Thyroiditis 1050 1379,1402 - Cardiac transplantation 858, - Glycerol injection 1297 Thyroid-stimulating hormone Transesophageal echocardio• 870 - Microvascular decompression s. TSH graphy 1634 - Heart transplantation 603 1297 Thyrotoxicosis 1020, 1050, Transfascial drainage 1503 - Heart-lung transplantation - Radiofrequency lesioning 1819-1821 Transfascial venous system 1642 1297 - Adenoma 1050 1492-1493,1497,1503-1504 - Heterotopic renal transplanta- Retrogasserian rhizotomy - Clinical findings 1050 Transforming growth factor 26, tion 607 1297 - Diagnosis 1051 193. 257. 279 - Kidney 954, 1004 - Therapy 1297 - Etiology 1051 - Ductus arteriosus 257 - Live-donor kidneys 1794 Trigger zones 1297 - Graves' disease 1050-1051 - Transforming growth factor-a - Liver transplantation 653, 1696 Triglyceride 780-781, 793-800, - Hyperthyroidism 1050-1052 1845 - Lung transplantation 996. 998, 1003, 1023, 1841 - Myxedema 1051 - Transforming growth factor- f3 1641-1643 Triiodothyronine 1051,1819 - Plummer's disease 1050 211, 219,726, 734. 889, 894. 996, - Orthotopic liver transplant Trimellitic anhydride 1607 - Subtotal thyroidectomy 1052 1630,1759 1704-1705 Trimethoprim 1604 - Thyroiditis 1050 - Transforming growth factor-{31 - 1004 Triple-H Therapy 1168,1195 - Thyroxine 1051 198,1334-1335,1337 - Pancreas-kidney 1004 Troglitazone I003,I011-10l2 - Treatment 1051 - Transforming growth factor-{3 - Renal transplant donors 651 Tropheryma whippelii 959 - Triiodothyronine 1051 signaling 26 - Renal transplantation 1764, Trophic disturbance 1500 - TSH 1050-1051 - Transforming growth factor-{3 1767-1769,1777.1796 Trophic skin 1507 Thyrotropin 1821, 1826 signaling pathway 244 - Sequential bilateral lung Tropomyosin 206, 750, 939 Thyroxine 1051,1819-1820 Transitory ischemic attacks 383, transplantation 1642 Troponin 931 Ticlopidine 752, 8o6, 822-823, 579. 630, 649· 973.1021,1027, - Single lung transplantation - Troponin C 750 834. 841, 848, 1092, 1324, 1349. 1075.1081,1092,1165,1293,1313, 1630,1642 - Troponin I 747, 972 1389, 1399,1770 1321, 1324, 1326, 1423 - Transplant renal artery - Troponin T 747 Tie receptor 28 - Amaurosis fugax 1081 stenosis 1793 Tschermack sign 394, 861 - Tie-1 28 - Ataxia 1081 Transposition of the great vessels TSH 861, 1023, 1050-1051, - Tie-2 28, 244 - Diplopia 1081 615 1812-1820, 1826, 1850 1934 SUBJECT INDEX

Tuberculosis 362, 1701, 1707 - Histidine-rich glycoprotein Varicose veins 86, 97, 107, 395, - Procedures 1528 - Pulmonary tuberculosis 1512 1511 1492,1497-1500,1526-1537 - Reflux circuit 1527 - Tuberculosis spondylitis 1653 - Partial thromboplastin time - Acute femoropelivic venous - Restless legs 1498 - Tuberculous aortitis 1653 1511 thrombosis 1528 - Retrograde stripping 1536 Tuberous sclerosis 1292, 1859 - Von Willebrand factor 1511 - Arophic skin 1527 - Risk factors 1498 tubular necrosis Acute tubular Unstable angina 171, 381 s. Angina - Arterial occlusive disease 1528 - Saphenous varicosity 1498, necrosis 1768 Upright tilt table testing 180, 985 - Arteriovenous fistula 1498 1531 tubular necrosis Ischemic acute Urapidil 732, 1088 - Blowout varix 1498 - Scleroilierapy 1499, 1527, tubular necrosis 1775 1772 - Boyd perforators 1531 1529-1532,1534.1536 Tubuloglomerular feedback 1754 Uremia 1039, 1775 - Branch varicosity 1498 - Secondary deep venous Tumor necrosis factor-{3 192,197, Uremic symptoms 1844 - Chronic venous insufficiency insufficiency 1527, 1532, 1535 211, 219, 279. 354-356, 890, 939. Ureteroarterial fistula 1858 1498-1504, 1526-1527, 1532-1536 - Secondary varicose 1498, 1526, 997. 1003, 1073, 1337 Uric acid 1023, 1387 - Cockett's perforators 1527,1531, 1537 Tunica adventitia 51-56 Urinary incontinence 1101 1537 - Sherman perforators 1531 Tunica externa 51-56 Urokinase 330, 950, 956, 1099, - Complications 1526-1527,1529, - Short saphenous varicosity Tunica imtima 51-56 1119-1120,1126,1168,1204,1230, 1535-1536 1530-1532 Tunica interna 51-56 1354> 1356, 1392, 1399. 1407, 1410, - Compression therapy 1499 - Signs 1498 Tunica media 51-56 1442,1476, 1514, 1517-1518, 1729, - Contraindications 1528 - Skin atrophy 1532 Turbulent flow 139, 1317 1732 - Crural ulcer 1527 - Spider veins 1498 Turner syndrome 40,1539 Urokinase-type plasminogen - CW doppler 1499 - Stripping 1529-1530 - Cystic hygroma 40 activator 279, 289, 302, 306 - Deep vein thrombosis 1499, - Subfascialligation 1528, 1532 - Neonatallymphedema 40 Urticaria 638,949, I605-16o6 1527 - Superficial venous system TXA2 s. Thromboxane A2 - Generalized urticaria 1602 - Deep venous system 1526, 1537 1526-1527,1532,1537 Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia - Urticarial rash 939 - Dermatoliposclerosis 1527, 1532 - Surgical ablation 1537 363, 936-940, 948, 1599-16oo, Uveitis 1763 - Diagnosis 1499 - Surgical approach 1526 1607-1608,1766 - Dodd perforators 1531 - Symptoms 1498 Type III hyperlipoproteinemia v - Dorsal type 1531 - Tension 1498 101 Valproate 1090, 1099, 1103 - Endoscopic perforator dis- - Transfascial venous system Typhus 959-960 Valsartan So6, 1032, 1034 section 1532 1497 Tyrosine kinase inhibitor 914 Valvalva maneuver 1842 - Epidemiology 1497 - Treatment 1499, 1536 Valves Prosthetic heart valves - Epifascial venous system - Tributary varicosity 1530 u 1093 1497-1498,1537 - Triutary type 1531 Ulcer Valvular dysfunction 1532 - Etiology 1498 - Valvular incompetence 1498, - Chronic venous ulcer 1459 Valvular incompetence 1493, - External valvuloplasty 1536 1527 - Colonic ulcer 1702 1498,1527 - Fatigue 1498 - Valvular insufficiency 1526 - Duodenal ulcer 1700 - Secondary valvular incompe• - General tissue-conserving - Variceal bleeding 1498-1499, - Gastrointestinal ulcers tence 1492 technique 1536 1526-1527 1698-1699 Valvular insufficiency 395, 950, - Hach's classsification 1529 - Varicography 1499 - Intestinal ulcer I700-1701 1526 - Hunter perforator 1531 - Varicophlebitis 1498-1499, - Marginal ulcers 1734 Valvular vegetations 357 - Hyperpigmentation 1527,1532 1526-1527,1533-1534 - Peptic ulcer 1734,1740 Variceal bleeding 1498-1499, - Incomplete saphenous - Venography 1499, 1527 Venous ulcer 1532 1526-1527 varicosity 1530 Venous hypertension 1527, 1532 Ulcer crater 1718 Variceal hemorrhage 1683, 1691, - Indications 1526 - Venous pressure measurement Ulceration 81, 93, 393, 1433, 1435, 1696-1697 - Long saphenous varicositiy 1537 1438,1501-1503,1605 Varicocele testis 1863-1863 1528 - Venous ulcer 1532 - Beho;:et's disease 949 - Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy - Lymph cysts 1536 - Wound hematoma 1536 - Genital 949 1865 - Lymphatic drainage 1536 Vasa privata 51, 56, 68 - Oral 949 - Classification 1864-1865 - Lymphatic fistula 1536 - Liver 68 Ulcerative colitis 1851 - Diagnosis 1864 - Manifestation factors 1498 - Pulmonary 56 Ulcerous colitis 750 - Etiology 1863 - Maximum venous pressure Vasa publica 51, 56, 68 Ultrasound imaging 1376 - FSH 1864 differential 1537 - Liver 68 - Acute arterial occlusion 1377 - Gn-RH 1864 - Miniphlebectomies 1529 - Pulmonary 56 - Aneurysm 1377-1378 - Gn-RH stimulation test 1864 - Nocturnal calf muscle cramps Vasa vasorum Aortic vasa - Atherosclerotic plaques 1377 - Ipsilateral testicular atrophy 1498 vasorum 1558 - B-mode 1376-1377 1864 - Nonselective subfascial Vascluar disease 224 Proteo- - Calcification 1377 - Laparoscopic varicocelectomy perforator vein dissection 1533 glycans - Calcium 1377 1866 - Outflow resistance 1498 Vascular access 607 - Color doppler 1376-1377 - Oligo-astheno-teratozo- - Partial saphenectomy 1529, - Complications 630 - False aneurysm 1377 ospermia 1864 1536 Vascular anatomy 49-74 - Hematoma 1377 - Open surgery 1866 - Pathogenesis 1498 - Arterial system 56-60 - Infraplaque hemorrhage 1378 - Pampiniform plexus 1863, 1865 - Pathomorphology 1498 - Biochemical metabolic - Intima-media index 1377 - Pathophysiology 1863 - Pathophysiology 1498 pathways 98 - Intraplaque hemorrhage 1377 - Percutaneous retrograde - Perforator incompetence 1527 - Biological mediators 98 - Pulsed doppler 1376-1377 embolization 1865 - Perforator type 1531 - Histology 50-56 - Thrombus 1377 - Sclerotherapy 1865 - Perforator valve 1498 -- Arteries 51 - Transcranial ultrasound 1139, - Sertoli-cell-only syndrome - Perforator varicosity 1531-1532 -- Arterioles 53 1158,1177, 1311, 1313 1864 - Phlebodynamometry 1537 -- Arteriovenous anastomoses - Vasculitis 1377 - Spermatic venous plexus 1863 - Popliteal perforator varicosity 56 Unfractionated heparin 753-760, - Staging 1864 1531 -- Capillaries 53-54 769,842-845.1511, 1517-1518 - Treatment 1865 - Pop-on sensation 1498 -- Collectors 72 - Complications 1511 - Venography 1865 - Postoperative care 1535 -- Elastic arteries 51-52 - Factor Ila 1511 - Venous reflux 1863, 1865 - Postthrombotic syndrome Endothelial cells 56 Factor VIII 1511 Varicography 1499 1498-1499.1537 -- Innervation 56 Factor Xa 1511 Varicophlebitis 1498-1499, - Predisposing factors 1498 Lymph nodes 73 Fibronectin 1511 1505-1506,1526-1527,1533-1534 - Pregnancy 1498 -- Lymphatic capillaries 72 Heprin-induced thrombo• - Acute 1533 - Pressure equalization time -- Muscular arteries 52 cytopenia I 1511 - Complications 1534 1537 -- Specialized arteries 53 Heprin-induced thrombo• - Fogarty catheter 1533 - Prevalence 1498 -- Trunks 72 cytopenia II 1511 Multifocal deep vein - Primary varicose 1498, 1532 -- Veins 54-56 Hirudin 1511 thrombosis 1533 - Private circulation 1527 -- Venules 54-56 SUBJECT INDEX 1935

Smooth muscle cells 205-212 Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 - Flow characterization 148 - Inactivating vasoactive - - Arterial wall 208 220, 268, 354-355> 691, 890, 892., - Flow rate 146 substances 196 - - Distribution of myo- 938-940, 1335 - Flow separation 147 - iNOS 191 fibroblasts 209 Vascular dementia 385, 996,1450 - Gorlin equation 146 - L-NMMA 192 - - Diversity 206 Vascular development 19 - Hemodynamic 146 - NADPH 191-193 - - Extracellular matrix 207 - Alagille syndrome 43 - Indicator-dilution 146 - NO 191-192,195-198 - - Fate of myofibroblasts 210 - Angioblasts 2.1-2.3 - Inertial forces 147 - ox-LDL 192,194,196 - - Function of myofibroblasts - Angiogenesis 25-26,36-39,243 - Kinetic energy 146 - PDGF 197-198 210 - Angiopoietin pathway 244 - Measure fluid velocity 148 - Platelet-vessel wall interactions - - Myofibroblast structure 209 - Angiopoietin signaling 28 - Measure pressure 148 197 Myofibroblastr phenotype - Angiopoietin-1 28-29 - Multiple stenoses 147 - Prostacyclin 190-191, 195-198 210 - Angiopoietin-2 29 - Noncritical stenosis 147 - Prostanoids 195 Myofibroblasts 209 - Aortic coarctation 41 - Oscillatory shear index 148 - Smooth muscle growth 198 Pathogenesis of athero• - Aortic valve malformation 42 - Poststenotic flow field 147 - Smooth muscle migration 197 sclerosis 212 - Avian embryo 20 - Potential energy 147 - TGF-{3 193, 198 - - Smooth muscle phenotype - Cellular events 243 - Pressure change 146 - Thromboxane A2 195-198 207 - Char syndrome 44 - Quantification 148 - Vascular tone regulation 190 - - Structural features 205 - DiGeorge syndrome 43 - Recirculation 148 Vascular erectile dysfunction - - Subpopulations 208 - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 42. - Rupture 148 1867-1873 - Systematic anatomy 56 - Embryology 18-30,36-44 - Stenotic flow field 148 - Anatomy 1867 - Vascular endothelium 190-198 - Ephrin signaling pathway - Turbulence downstream 147 - Cavernosometry 1870-1871 - - Activating vasoactive 29-30 - Turbulence Upstream 147 - Cavernous artery systolic oc- substances 196 - Hemangioblasts 22-2.3 - Velocity 146 clusion pressure 1872 - - Adrenomedullin 194 - Hereditary hemorrhagic - Viscous effects 14 7 - Clofibrate 1870 Coagulation factors 197 teleangiectasia 245 - Viscous forces 14 7 - Corpora veno-occlusive dys- - - C-type natriuretic peptide - Hypoplastic left heart - Volumetric flow rate 146 function 1867 193 syndrome 41 - Wall shear stress 148 - Corpus cavernosum arterial - - Endothelin-1 194-195 - Lung Kruppel-like factor Vascular dysmorphogenesis 28 inflow 1867 - - Endothelium-derived pathway 2.45 Vascular elasticity 996 - Impotence 1872 contracting factors 194 - Lymphangiogenesis 40 Vascular endothelial cell lineage - Maintenance flow rate 1871 Endothelium-derived - Marfan's syndrome 42. 23 - MRI 1872 hyperpolarizing factor 193 - Molecular biology 23 - Differentiation 23 - Pathophysiology 1869 - - Endothelium-derived nitric - Molecular pathways 244 - VEGF s. Vascular endothelial - Penile angiography 1870-1871 oxide 191-193 - Notch signaling 29 growth factor - Penile erection 1867 - - Endothelium-derived - Patent ductus arteriosus 44 - VEGFR s. Vascular endothelial - Penile prothesis 1873 relaxing factors 190, 196-197 - Platelet -derived growth factor growth factor receptors - Penile revascularization 1872 - - Inactivating vasoactive 27-28 Vascular endothelial growth - Penile 1872 substances 196 - Platelet -derived growth factor factor 23-24,38, 271, 276, 279, - PGE1 1870-1871,1873 - - Platelet-vessel wall inter• signaling pathway 245 737,902,1630, 1751 - Pharmacopenile duplex ultra- actions 197 - Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 44 - Isoforms 23 sonography 1870 - - Prostacyclin 190-191 - Surpaventricular aortic - Molecular biology 23 - Physiology 1867 Prostanoids 195 stenosis 41-42 Receptors 23 Priapism 1872 - - Smooth muscle growth 198 - Tie-2 pathway 244 - Studies 23 - Primary erectile dysfunction Smooth muscle migration - Transcription factors 30 - Vascular endothelial growth 1870 197 - Transforming growth factor-{3 factor pathway 244 - Resistance index 1870 - - Vascular tone regulation 190 signaling pathway 244 Vascular endothelial growth - Risk factors 1869 - Vascular extracellular matrix - Transforming growth factor-{3 factor receptors 23-24 - Sildenafil 1873 217-226 signalling 26-27 - Studies 23 - Smooth muscle tone 1868 - - Collagen biosynthesis 219 - Vascular assembly 24-25 - VEGFR-1 23 - Vascular diagnostic 1870 - - Collagen function 217 - Vascular endothelial cell - VEGFR-2 22 - Vein valve 1868 - - Collagen structure 217 lineage 23 - VEGFR-3 72 - Virag V anastomosis 1872 - - Collagen turnover 219 - Vascular endothelial growth Vascular endothelium 190-198, Vascular function 691 - - Collagens 217-220 factor 23-24 971, 975-976 Vascular hyperreactivity 924 - - Elastic fibers 220 - Vascular endothelial growth - ACE 196 Vascular hypertrophy 1024, 1036 - - Elastin biosynthesis 221 factor pathway 244 - Activating vasoactive Vascular Immunobiology 354 Fibril-associated collagens - Vascular endothelial growth substances 196 - Adaptive immunity 356 218 factor receptors 23-24 - Adrenomedullin 194 - ANCA 357 - - Fibrillar collagen 217 - Vascular maturation 26 - Angiotensin II 193-194 - ANCA-mediated vasculitis 358 - - Glycosaminglycans 222 - Vascular myogenesis 36, 39-40 - ANP 193 - Antigen-antibody immune - - Hyaluronan biosynthesis - Vascular remodeling 25-26, - BNP 193 complex 357 223 242-258 - Coagulation factors 197 - Antiglomerular basement - - Matrix glycoproteins 225 - Vasculogenesis 19,36-38, 243 - C-type natriuretic peptide 193, membrane antibodies 357 - - Microfibrillar collagen 219 - VE-caderin 29 198 - Autoantibodies 357 Proteoglycan biosynthesis - Velocardiofacial syndrome 43 - EDHF 193 - Complement 355 223 - Vertebrate embryo 21 - Endothelin biosynthesis 194 - C-reactive protein 355 - - Proteoglycans 222-225 - William's syndrome 41-42 - Endothelin receptors 194-195 - Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis Sheet-forming collagens 218 Vascular disease 76 - Endothelin-1 194-198 357 - - Structure of elastic fibers - Aneurysm 148 - Endothelium-derived contract- - Cytokines 355 220 - Aortic valve stenosis 146 ing factors 194 - Direct infection 357 - - Vascular calcification 225 - Arterial stenosis 147 - Endothelium-derived hyper• - E selectin 354 - - Vascular disease 220-222, - Atherosclerosis 148 polarizing factor 193 - Goodpasture's syndrome 357 2.24-226 - Bernoulli equation 141, 146 - Endothelium-derived nitric - Hemorrhage 357 - Vascular remodeling 232-240 - Collagen 220 oxide 191-193 - Hepatitis C 357 - - Aneurysm 238 - Doppel echocardiography 146 - Endothelium-derived relaxing - Histamine 354 - - Atherosclerosis 234-238 - Doppler shift 148 factors 190,196-197 - Immune complex-mediated - - Basis observation 2.32-234 - Elastic fibers 221 - eNOS 191-192 vasculitis 358 Restenosis 238-2.40 - Energetic effect 146 - ET-A 194-196 - Immunopathology 356 - Venous system ·61-63 - Energy conservation principle - ET-B 194-196 - Infectious pathogens 357 Vascular biology 98 147 - GEA 3t62 190 - Inflammation 354 Vascular calcification 225 - Pick principle 146 - GEA 3175 190 - Inflammatory injury 355 SUBJECT INDEX

Vascular Immunobiology - Malformations 89 -- Myocardial oxygen 167 - Cardiac output 239 - Inflammatory mediators 354 - Mural dissections 88-89 -- Myogenic reflex 165 - Cellular biology 242-258 - Innate immunity 354 - Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis -- Oxygen demand 164 - Cellular events 243 - Intercellular adhesion mole- 89 -- Tissue pressure 166 - Clinical aspects 254 cule-! 354 -- Angioplasty 105-106 -- Vasomotor tone regulation - Collateral formation 257 - Interleukin-1 354 -- Apoptosis 98-100 !65-!66 - Conceptual basis 232 - Leukocyte adhesion 354 -- Calcific disorders I03-I05 - Elastic tube model 122 - Coronary vascular remodeling - Leukocyte migration 355 -- Diabetes mellitus 101 - Flow waves 116 254 - Lymph node 356 -- Early lesions 90-93 - Hemodynamics 130,138-140 - Cytokines 250-252 - Lymphocyes 355 Genetics 101 -- Anastomotic geometries 144 - Ductus arteriosis 257 s. Ductus Major histocompatibility Inflammatory states 102-103 -- Aneurysm 148 arteriosus complex I 356 -- Mural tears 93-97 -- Aorta 143 - Embryonic development 242 - Major histocompatibility -- Oxdative stress IOO-IOI -- Aortic valve 143 - Endothelial modulation complex II 356 -- Progeric syndromes 106 -- Aortic valve stenosis 146 246-248 - Microscopic polyangiitis 357 -- Secondary vascular -- Arterial blood flow 143 - Endothelial regulation 246 - P selectin 354 complications 97 -- Arterial stenosis 146-147 - Endothelialization 246 - Plasma leakage 354 -- Trauma 105-106 -- Athersclerosis 148 - Epidermal growth factor - Platelet endothelial cell -- Ulceration 93-97 -- Bernoulli equation 141 250-251 adhesion molecule 355 Vascular biology 98 -- Branching 142 - Extracellular matrix 252-254 - Proinflammatory milieu 357 - Phebosclerosis 107 -- Carotid bifurcation 143 - Fibroblast growth factor - Prostacyclin 355 - Stenosing lesions 86 -- Curvature 142 250-251 - Rickettsia rickettsii 357 - Vascular variations 77 -- Energy balance 141 - Fibrotic plaque 237 - Rocky Mountain Spotted fever - Vibrating tool disease 108 -- Flow characterization 148 - Gortex prothesis 239 357 - Visceral arteries 107 -- Flow pulsatility 140 - Hemodynamic regulation 248 - Thrombosis 357 - Visceral arteriols 107 -- Flow quantification 148 - ICAM-1 248-249 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 354 Vascular physiology n6-135, -- Steady flow 139 - Inappropriate 254 - Vascular cell adhesion 138-149 -- Straight tube 139 - Infrastructure of arteries 233 molecule-! 354 - Arterial compliance 132 -- Venous blood flow 143,145 - Integrins 252-254 - Vasculitis 356 - Arterial distensibility 132 Vessel geometry 141 - Intimal fibrocellular hyper- - Vessel wall 354 - Arterial elasticity 132 - Lumped parameter models 122 trophy 233 Vascular injury 629, 922-923 - Arterial impedance 117-120, 121 - Neurovegetative regulation - Intimal hyperplasia 233 Vascular malformation 1103-U05, - Arterial pressure 116 175-!86 - Intimal reaction 239 1413 -- Aneurysm 159 -- Acute autonomic - Intimal thickning 233 - Capillary teleangiectasias -- Arterial wall components dysfunction 181 - Inward 254 ll03-1105 152 -- Autonomic insufficiency - LDL-receptor 247 - Cavernous hemangiomas -- Arterial wall models 158 180-!82 - Lung Kruppel-like factor 1103-1105 -- Atherosclerotic plaque -- Autonomic nervous system pathway 245 - Embolization 1104-no5 rupture 159 175-178 - Matrix interactions 254 - Management 1104 Compliance 157 -- Chronic syndromes 180 - MCP-1 247-249 - Stereotactic radiosurgery Drugs 156 -- Clinical characteristics 182 - Molecular biology 242-258 ll04-1105 -- Elastic properties 151,153-157 -- Diagnostic evaluations 182 - Mural thrombus 237 - Therapy 1104 -- Heart failure 159 -- Orthostatic control 179 - Neointimallining 239 - Venous angioma 1103, 1105 -- Hypertension 159 -- Postural normotension - NO 248 Vascular maturation 26 -- Isobaric 155 178-179 - Observations 232 - Angiopoietin signaling 28 -- Isometric 155 -- Reflex syncope 180 - Outward 254 - Ephrin signaling pathway 29 -- Myocardial infarction 159 -- Therapeutic modalities 184 - Plaque modeling 236 - Notch signaling 29 -- Smooth muscle tone 154, 157 - Noninvasive blood pressure - Plaque structure 234 - PDGF 27 s. Platelet-derived -- Unstressed radius 156 measurement 127 - Platelet-derived growth factor growth factor -- Viscoelasticity 152 - Noninvasive flow measurement 248, 250-251 TGF- f3 signaling 26 - Arterial wall mechanics 128 - Platelet-derived growth factor s. Transforming growth factor 151-160 - Peripheral pressure measure• signaling pathway 245 - VE-Cadherin 29 - Augmentation index 130 ment 129 - Pulmonary hypertension 257 Vascular myogenesis 36, 243, 275, - Blood pressure 133 - Total arterial compliance - Restenosis 246-248 282 - Cardiovascular interactions 124-127 - Revascularization 246 - Differentiation 39 133 - Wave propagation velocity 131 - Saphenous vein grafts 255-256 - Hereditary hemorrhagic - Central aortic pressure 129 - Wave reflection 120, 126-127 - Shear stress 233 282 - Cononary microcirculation - Windkessel model 122-126 - Smooth muscle cell 238, - Migration 37 !62-172 Vascular plexus 243 249-258 - Molecular basis 39 -- Acute coronary syndrome Vascular proliferation 889 - Stent deployment 238 - Periendothelial cells 282 171 Vascular relaxation 190 - Stenting 256 - Remodeling 37 -- Anatomy 162 Vascular remodeling 166, - Systemic hypertension 256 - Smooth muscle cell 39 -- Arterial hypertension 172 232-240,242-258,668,680,914, - Tensile stress 232 s. Smooth muscle cell -- Atherosclerosis 169 997,1024 - Thrombosis 239 - Sprouting 37 -- Autonomic nervous control - ACE 248 - Tie-2 pathway 244 - 282 Vascular malforamtion !68 - Aneurysm formation 238 - Transforming growth factor-{3 282 -- Chroonic angina pectoris - Angiogenesis 243 248, 250-252 Vascular necrosis 358 !69-171 - Angioplasty 238, 256 - Transforming growth factor-{3 Vascular pathology 76-109 -- Coronary blood flow 164 - Angiopoietin pathway 244 signaling pathway 244 Anatomical considerations 76 -- Dilated cardiomyopathy 172 - Angiotensin II 248 - Vascular developement - Aneurysms 87-88 -- Extrinsic control mechanism - Aortic aneursym 257 243-244 - Bioengineering fatigue 81-84 !66-!69 - Appropriate 254 - Vascular endothelial growth - Bruits 84 -- Functional anatomy 163 - Atherectomy 238 factor pathway 244 - Contentious structural features Humoral control 168 - Atherosclerosis 234, 246-248, - Vascular structure 246 78 -- Hypertrophic myopathy 172 254-255 - Vascular tone 246 Ectasia 86 -- in heart disease 169 - Atherosclerotic plaque 237 - Vasculogenesis 243 Endocardial sclerosis 108 -- Intrinsic control mechanism - Balloon injury 239 - VCAM-1 247-248 Hemodynamic stress 81-84 !65-!66 - Basic principles 232 - Wall tension 238 Hemodynamics So -- Ischemia 169-172 - Calcification 239 Vascular system 18-374 Koch's postulates 84-85 Microvascular dysfunction - Cardiac allograft vasculopathy - Anatomy 50-71 - Lymphangiosclerosis 108 !69 256 - Angiogenesis 273-284 SUBJECT INDEX 1937

- Arterial wall mechanics - Endothelial NO-Synthase - Antiendothelial antibodies - Diarrhea 1708 151-160 Transport 191 361-362,940,1762 - Different types 361 - Atherosclerotic lesions - Endothelin 194 - Antiglomerular basement - Direct infection 357, 1762 320-337> 340-350 - Endothelin interaction 194 membrane antibodies 357, 359, - DNA-anti-DNA antibody - Biology 189 - Endothelin system 194 1604, 1607-1608 complex 358, 952 - Collateral circulation 265 - Endothelium-derived contract- - Anti-immunoglobulins 358 - Drug-induced 357 - Embryology 18-30,36-44 ing factors 194 - Antinuclear antibodies 937, - E-selectin 354-355, 938-940 - Fibrinolysis 305-306 - Endothelium-derived hyper• 950,953, 960,1604,1607 - Familian mediterranean fever - Hemodynamics 138-149 polarizing factor 193 - Anti phospholipid antibody 938,954-955 - Hemostasis 287-306 - Endothelium-derived nitirc 938,950,952,956,1607 - Fever 939, 941-961 - Histology 50-56 oxide 191 - Aortic arch syndrome 361 - Fungal 357 - Immunobiology 354-363 - Endothelium-derived relaxing - Arthralgia 360, 363, 939-945, - Generalized vasculitis 357 - Immunopathology 354-363 factors 190 948 - Giant cell arteritis 357, - Microcirculatory function - Endothelium-derived vaso• - Arthritis 360, 943, 945, 948, 360-362,936,938-941,1599, 162-172 active substances 190 954,958 1608, 1708, 1762-1763 - Neurovegetative regulation - Endothelium-derived vaso- - Arthus reaction 939 - Glomerulonephritis 359 175-186 constrictive prostanoids 196 - Autoantibody 940 - Goodpasture's syndrome 357, - Pathology 76-109 - Endotoxin 191 - Azathioprine 941, 945, 1762,1766-1768 - Physiology 116-135 - Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid 193 949-950,952-954 - Granulomatous arteritis 360 - Vascular endothelium 190-198 - Free radicals 191 - Bacterial endocarditis 357 - Hematuria 1761-1763 - Vascular extracellular matrix - Histamine 191, 195 - Bacterial vasculitis 357, 1762 - Hemorrhage 357 217-226 - Inducible NO-Synthase 192 - Beho;:et's disease 357, 936, 938, - Hemorrhagic vasculitis 939 - Vascular heterogenity 366-374 - Interferon 192 949,1599,1607-1608,1708 - Hemotochezia 1708 - Vascular remodeling 232-240, - Interleukin 193 - Biopsy 941,945, 956 - Henoch-Schiinlein purpura 242-258 - Lipopolysaccaride 192 - Bowel perforation 1708 357> 360, 363, 936, 949> 955, - Vascular smooth muscle cells - Neuronal NO-Synthase 191 - Bowel stricture 1708 1599-1600,1607-1608,1708, 205-212 - Nicotinamide adenine - Buerger's disease 936,938,950 1761-1766 Vascular testing 1369, 1387 dinucleotide phosphate 191 - Categorization 361 - Hepatitis B 357-358,362,937, - Angiography 1369, 1380 - Nitirc oxide 191 - CDw6 938 940,944 - Arteriography 1380-1387 - NO bioavailability 192 - CDnalCD,s 938 - Hepatitis B virus 1708 - Capillaroscopy 1369, 1379 - NO production 192 - CD3, 355, 938 - Hepatitis C 357-358, 937, 939, - Capillary refill 1373-1374 - NO-Synthase 191 - CD34 356, 938 948 - Continuous wave doppler - Oxidized low-density lipo- - CD4+ 940 - Hepatitis C virus 1708 1369,1374 protein 192 - CD54 938 - Human immunodeficiency - Digital subtraction angiography - Peroxynitrite 192 - CD8+ 940 virus 1708 1383 - Phospholipase A2 190 - Cell-mediated vasculitis 357, - Hydralazine 359 - Directional doppler 1374 - Platelet -derived adenine 360,1762 - Hypersensitivity vasculitis - Laser-doppler flowmetry 1369, nucleotides 191 - Chapel Hill nomenclature 936,938,948 1379 - Prostacyclin 190 system 360-361, 1761, 1763 - Immune complex-mediated - Low-back syndrome 1373, 1375 - Prostacyclin production 190 - Chlamydia pneumoniae 357, vasculitis 357-359,362,939, - Magnetic resonance imaging - Prostaglandin H2 190 362,961 1762 1369 - Renin-angiotensin system 194 - Chlorambucil 949-950 - Immunoglobulin 937 - Microcirculatory methods - Septic shock 191 - Churg-Strauss syndrome - Immunological injury 357 1379 - Serotonin 191 356-358,360,362-363,936,938, - Immunopaiitology 356 - Omnidirctional doppler 1374 - Shear stress 193 940,944,1599-1600,1604-1606, - Infection-induced immune- - Oscillography 1369-1370 - Superoxide anion 192 1608, 1708, 1762, 1765 complex vasculitis 357-358, - Pulsed doppler 1369,1374 - Superoxide dismutase 192 - Clinical features 1762 1762 - Reactive hyperemia 1372-1373 - Thrombin 191 - Cogan's syndrome 936, 938, - Inflammation 354-355 - Rheography 1369-1370 - Thromboxane receptor 196 949 - Inflammatory response 357 - Selective ergometry 1369,1373 - Transforming growth factor 193 - Collagen type IV 358 - Integrin 937-938 - Spectral analysis 1374 - Tumor necrosis factor-{3 192 - Congestive heart failure - Intercellular cell adhesion - Stenosis 1375 - Vascular relaxation 190 943-945> 948, 952 molecule-1 354-356,938-940 - Transcutaneous oxygen tension - Vascular remodeling 246 - Connective tissue disease - Interferon-a 948 1379 - Vasoactive hormones 196 935-936,938,950-95h1607 - Interleukin-1 354,356,939-940 - Treadmill ergometry 1369, - Xanthine oxidase 192 - Coronary angiographic - Interleukin-6 356,940 1372, 1435, 1437 Vascular tumor blush 652 findings 938 - Interleukin-8 355-356,939-940 - Ultrasound imaging 1376 Vascular variation 77 - Coronary arteritis 951-959 - Intestinal vasculitis 1708 - Venography 1369 Vasculitis 356, 473, 487, 648, 1701, - Coronary vasospasm 941 - Intimal hyperplasia 940, 942, - Venous occlusion plethysmog- 1708,1725,1761-1768 - Corticosteroids 941-961, 945,955 raphy 1369, 1371 - Acute rheumatic fever 1762-1763 - Kawasaki disease 357-358,360, - Venous refill 1373-1374 938-939,957 - Cross-reactive antibodies 939 362,936,938-940,945-948,960, - Walking test 1372 - Adults-onset Still's disease - CRP 354-356,936, 1762-1763 1708,1762-1763 Vascular tone 190, 691, 887, 895 936,938,954 - Cryoglobulinemia 357, 360, - Leukocytes 354, 937-938 - Acetylcholine 191 - Allograft cellular vascular 363,936 - Leukocytoclastic angiitis 362 - Adrenomedullin 194 rejection 357, 1762 - Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis - Lipopolysaccharide 354-356 - Angiotensin converting enzyme - Aminoguanidines 359 1762-1763, 1765 - L-selectin 356, 938 196 - Amyloidosis 936, 938, 954-956 - Cryoglobulins 362 - Lupus nephritis 1764 - Angoiotensin II 193 - ANCA 357-361,363, 937, 939, - Cutaneous leukocytoclastic - Lupus vasculitis 1762-1763 - AT-1 943-944,960,1599-1600,1604, angiitis 1762 - Macrophages 354,358-360, - Atrial natriuretic peptide 193 1607-1608,1762-1763 - Cutaneous vasculitis 939 940,943 - Bradykinin 191 - ANCA-mediated vasculitis 358 - Cyclophosphamide 942-943, - Malignancy 935-936 - Brain natriuretic peptide 193 - Anemia 1708 945> 948-952, 956 - Management 1762 - Calmodulin 191 - Aneurysm 938, 942, 944-949, - Cyclosporine 942, 945, - Meningitis 945, 958-959 - Coagulation factors 191 951 949-950 - Mesenteric ischemia 1708 - C-type natriuretic peptide 193 - Angioedema 948 - Cytokines 355,363, 937 - Methotrexate 941-943,953, - Cyclooxygenase 190 - Anorexia 1708 - Cytomegalovirus 1708 955 - Cytokines 191 - Antibody-antigen complexes - Definitions 360 - Microscopic polyangiitis - Endothelial cells 190 357,939 - Dermal venulitis 359 357-360,362-363,936,939-940, - Endothelial NO-Synthase - Antibody-attack-mediated - Dermatomyositis 936,952 944> 1599-1600,1606-1607, 191-192 vasculitis 357, 1762 - Diagnosis 936, 941 1708, 1762, 1765 SUBJECT INDEX

Vasculitis - Syphilitic vasculitis 1762 - Acetylcholinergic muscarinic - Vasospastic angina 380 - Monocyte chemotactic - Systemic lupus erythematosus receptors 168 s.Angina protein 1 940 357-358,361,936, 938, 950-952, - Adenosine 166 - Vasospastic syndrome 1412 Monocytes 354-355,358-360, 1608,1]08 - Adenosine triphosphate 168 Vasovagal reaction 631 938,940 - Systemic sclerosis 938, - Adrenergic receptors 168 Vasovagal syncope s. Neuro- Mucocutaneous lymph node 953-954, 1607 - Angiotensin II 169 cardiogenic syncope syndrome 1763 - Systemic vasculitis 935, - Autonomic nervous control VCAM-1 s. Vascular cell adhesion Mycobacterial vasculitis 357 938-950 168 molecule-1 Myeloperoxidase 358-359, 939, - Takayasu's arteritis 357, - Basal vasoconstriction 165 VE-cadherin 29, 279 944.1599 360-362,936,938-939, 941-943> - Basic Principles 165 Vecuronium 862 Myocardial infarction 949> 1599> 1608, 1]08, 1]62-1763 - Bayliss effect 165 VEGF s. Vascular endothelial 943-944.946,950-958 - T-cells 356,938,940 - Blood flow resistance 165 growth factor Myocarditis 949, 952-953, - Temporal arteritis 357, 936, - Bradykinin 169 VEGF-A s. Vascular endothelial 958-960 939-941, 1599 - Capacitive flow 167 growth factor Necrotizing arteritis 362, 944, - Therapy 941-961 - Chemotaxis 166 VEGFR s. Vascular endothelial 960 - Thiouracil 359 - Chronotropic effect 168 growth factor receptors Necrotizing polyangiitis - Thromboangiitis obliterans - co2_tension 168 Vein 61 362-363 936 - Coronary microcirculation 165 - Adrenal vein 1811 Nonvasculitic arteriosclerosis - Thrombosis 358 - Cyclic guanosine mono- - Anterior intercavernous sinus 358 - Thrombotic material 357 phosohate 166 65 Paralytic ileus 1708 - T-lymphocyte 354, 356, 360, - Efferent sympathetic fibers - Anterior jugular vein 61, 1811 Paraneoplastic 357 940 169 - Anterior tibial vein 61, 1489 Pathogenesis 937 - Transplant rejection 1768 - Extravascular tissue pressure - Arcuate veins 68 Pathology 1762 - Transplant vasculitis 936, 938, 166 - Ascending lumbar vein 62 Pauci-inlmune vasculitis 956 - Extrinsic control mechanisms - Ascending vasa recta 68 358-359, 363, 944. 1601, - Tumor necrosis factor-a 166 - Axillar vein 61, 1490 160]-1608, 1]62 354-356,939 - Flow dependent regulation 166 - Azygos vein 57,1558,1683-1685 Penicillamine 359 - Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia - Hagen-Poiseuille formula 163 - Basal superficial veins 65 Platelet endothelial cell adhe• 363, 936-940, 948, 1599-1600, - Humoral control 168 - Basal vein 1812 sion molecule-1 355, 938-939 160]-1608 - Intracardial blood volume 167 - Basilic vein 61, 1422, 1439 Polyarteritis nodosa 357, 360, - Valvular vegetations 357 - lntramyocardial pump 167 - Boyd perforators 63, 1531 362-363,936-940,944,949,955, - Vascular cell adhesion mole- - Intrinsic control mechanisms - Brachial vein 61 958, 1]08, 1]62-1763 cule-1 354-355, 938-940 165 - Brachiocephalic vein 61, 71, Polymyalgia rheumatica 362, - Vascular necrosis 358 - Leukotrienes 169 1490 940-941 - Viral vasculitis 357 - Myocardial oxygen consump- - Bronchial veins 57 Polymyositis 952, 1607 - Wegener's granulomatosis tion 167 - Caudate vein 1103 Postprandial instinal angina 357-360,362-363,936,938,940, - Myogenic reflex 165 - Cavernous sinus 65, 1130-1133, 1708 943> 1599-1604, 1608, 1]08, - Nervous reflex 166 1156, 11]], 11]9, 1250,1812 Prednisone 941,943,951-952, 1]62-1763, 1765 - Nitric oxide 166 - Cavernous vein 1867-1868 956 Vasculogenesis 19, 38, 243, 273 - Noradrenaline 168 - Cephalic vein 61, 1422, 1439 Prinlary vasculitis 936 s. Angiogenesis - NO-synthases 166 - Cerebral sinus 1246, 1251 Proteinase 3 358,939,943, 1599 - Capillary plexus 277 - Parasympathetic innervation - Choroid plexus 1299 Proteinuria 1762 - CD31 276 168 - Cockett's perforators 63, 1527, P-selectin 355,938 - CD34 276 - Postsynaptic receptors 168 1531,1537 Pulmonary capillaritis 359 - Endothelial progenitors 275 - Presynaptic receptors 168 - Common femoral vein 1490 Pulmonary hemorrhage 362, - Fibroblast growth factor 275 - Prostacyclin 169 - Common iliac vein 61 944 - Granulocyte-monocyte colony- - Reactive hyperemia 167 - Coronary Sinus 64 Pulseless disease 361 stimulating factor 276 - Resistive flow 167 - Coronary vein 656 Purpura 357, 948, 952 - Homing 277 - Shear stress 166 - Cortical vein 1246, 1251 Radiation vasculopathy 936, - Mature network 277 - Subendocardial perfusion 167 - Cremasteric vein 1863 938,957 - Pathological vascular growth - Sympathetic nervous fibers - Cystic vein 62, 1686 Raynaud's phenomenon 362, 276 168 - Deep circumflex ilica 63 948,950,953 - Primitive vessel 275 - Thromboxane 169 - Deep dorsal vein 1867-1868 Relapsing polychondritis 950 - Protein kinase C 276 - Vascular remodeling 166 - Deep femoral vein 1490, 1531 Renal transplanation 1764, - Smooth muscle progenitors - Vasocontrictive basal tonus - Deep penile cavernosal artery 1]68 275 165 1867 Rheumatoid arthritis 357, 936, - Vascular endothelial cell - Vasodilatory effect 168 - Dense capillary plexus 71 938,952,955, 1599> 1603-1604, growth factor 276 - Vasodilatory reserve 165 - Dodd perforators 63, 1531 160], 1]08 - Vascular progenitors 275 Vasopressin 177, 179, 723, 736, - Dorsal marginal veins 63 Rheumatoid factor 358, 362, Vasoactive hormones 196 1690,1696-1697,1753,1812, - Dorsal penile vein 70 937> 948, 952, 960, 1604 Vasoactive intestinal peptide 730, 1840 - Dorsal venous arch 63, 1422 Rickettsia rickettsii 357, 959 991, 1690, 1848 Vasopressin infusion therapy - Dorsal venous network of the Rickettsial vasculitis 357, 1762 Vasoactive peptides 1847 1732 foot 61 Rocky Mountain Spotted fever - Adrenomedullin 1847 - ADH side effect 1732 - Dorsal venous network of the 357, 959, 1]62 - Calcitonin gene-related peptide - Allergic reactions 1732 hand 61 Sarcoidosis 936, 938, 955, 1608 1848 - Cerebral edema 1732 - Dural venous sinus 65, 1103, Secondary vasculitis 936 - Catestatin 1848 - Colonic diverticular bleeding 1115, 1126, 1130 Selectin 937-938 - Endothelin 184 7 1732 - Emissary vein 1867 Serum sickness 357, 939-940, - Natriuretic peptides 1847 - Complications 1732 - Epidural venous plexus 1253 949, 1]62 - Parathyroid hormone-related - Dieulafoy's lesions 1732 - Epifascial veins 62 Sjogren syndrome 948 peptide 1848 - Gastric mucosal hemorrhage - Epigastric vein 1670 Spirochetal 357 - Vasoactive intestinal peptide 1732 - Esophageal veins 1683 Spondyloarthopathies 936, 1848 - Pulmonary edema 1732 - External iliac vein 61 938,954 Vasoconstriction 692 Vasopressin receptors 1753 - External jugular vein 61, 61 Stenosis 938, 942 Vasodilation 38, 692, 895-897 Vasoreactivity 892, 896, 903 - External spermatic vein 1863 Streptococcal antigen 939 Vasodilator dysfunction 888, Vasospasm 538, 603, 609, 630, - External vertebral venous Submucosal intestinal edema 896-897 865-866, 1094, 1100-1102, 1217, plexus 65 1]08 Vasomotor control 730, 738 1292, 1338-1339, 1382, 1406, 1414, - Extremal iliac vein 1490 Symptoms 1708 Vasomotortone 730 1]28 - Facial vein 61 Syphilis 362, 936 Vasomotor tone regulation 165 - Cerebral vasospasm 1167 - Femoral vein 61, 656 SUBJECT INDEX 1939

- Gastric vein 655 - Pararectal plexus 1687 - Superior petrous sinus 65, 1812 - Abdominal pain 1705 - Gastrocnemius vein 1532 - Paraumbilical vein 62, 1687 - Superior rectal vein 63, 67 - Bone marrow transplantation - Gastroepiploic vein 62 - Parietal vein 63 - Superior sagittal sinus 65 1705 - Great cardiac vein 64 - Perforator vein 63,1490, 1500 - Superior thyroid vein 71, 1811 - Hepatic radiation 1705 - Great saphenous vein 61, 1439, - Perimedullary vein 1141, 1246, - Superior vena cava 61, 1490 - Hepatomegaly 1705 1441,1744 1254> 1256, 1263 - Superior vesical vein 1863 Venous angioma 1103, 1105,1253, - Helicine artery 1867-1868 - Perimedullary venous plexus - Suprarenal vein 62 1270,1282-1283 - Hemiazygos vein 57,1683-1684 1253.1259 - Testicular vein 61, 69, 1812, 1863 Venous blood compartment 1494 - Hepatic vein 61, 1686, 1688 - Peroneal vein 1489, 1503 - Thalamostriate vein 1218 Venous blood flow 145 - Highest intercostals vein 61 - Petrosal sinus 1103 - 62, - Cava-pulmonary anastomosis - Hunter perforator 63, 1531 - Pial vein 65 1506 145 - Ilica vein 656 - Plantar cutaneous venous - Tibioperoneal vein 1489 - Flared offset 145 - Iliolumbar vein 63 plexus 63 - Trabecular veins 66 - Hemodynamic 145 - Inferior caval vein 655-656 - Plexus pampiniformis 1812 - Transverse sinus 1126, 1131, - Straight zero-offset 145 - Inferior epigastric vein 62, - Popliteal vein 61, 1489-1490, 1249.1251 - Supracritical flow 145 1863 1503 - Superior sagittal sinus 1126, - Transmural pressure 145 - Inferior hemorrhoidal vascular - Portal vein 62, 66, 655, 1004, 1131 - Velocity profiles 145 plexus 1703 1685-1689, 1691 - Transverse sinus 65 - Wall collapse 145 - Inferior mesenteric vein 62, - Porto-caval anastsomoses 62, - Ulnar vein 61 Venous compression sonography 655.1688 68 - Umbilical vein 656, 971, 1441, 1510 - Inferior ophthalmic vein 62 - Posterior auricular vein 61 1691,1707 Venous compression syndrome - Inferior pancreaticoduodenal - Posterior intercavernous sinus - Uterine vein 1812 1509 vein 1687 65 - Uterine venous plexus 63 Venous drainage 1250-1251, - Inferior petrosal sinus 65, - Posterior interventricular vein - Vaginal plexus 63, 69 1266-1268, 1493 1130-1131, 1812 64 - Vasal vein 1863 - Antegrade venous drainage - Inferior rectal vein 63 - Posterior tibial vein 61, 1489, - Vein of Galen 1103, 1139, 1270 1246 - Inferior sagittal sinus 65 1503 - Vein ofLabbe 65 - Cortical venous drainage 1245 - Inferior thyroid vein 65, 71, - Profound femoral vein 61 - Vein of May 1532 - Deep venous drainage 1240, 1811 - Prostatic venous plexus 63, 68 - Vein of Schlesinger 1103 1245 - Inferior vena cava 61, 69, 1490, - Pterygoid venous plexus 66 - Vein ofTrolard 65 - Retrograde venous drainage 1492,1688 - Pubic vein 63 - Vene cerebri magna 1812 1246,1249 - Inferior vesical vein 1863 - Pudendal vein 1492 - Venous jugular arch 61 Venous filling index 417 - Interlobular veins 68, 68 - Pulmonary vein 61 - Venous network of the hand Venous hemangioma 1858 - Intermediate antebrachial vein - Radial vein 61 62 Venous hemodynamics 1492 1422 - Radicular vein 1253 - Venous plexus in the proper - Arterial inflow 1493 - Internal cerebral veins 65 - Rectal venous plexus 63 mucous membrane 66 - Arteriovenous anastomosis - Internal iliac vein 61, 69, 1490 - Renal vein 61, 656, 1811-1812 - Vertebral vein 61 1493 - Internal jugular vein 57, 61, 61, - Retinal vein 1520 - Vesical venous plexus 69 - Artherogenic stasis syndrome 65,650,1115,1490,1811-1812 - Retromandibular vein 62 - Vesicoprostatic venous plexus 1493 - Internal spermatic vein - Right cardiac vein 64 69 - Central flow obstruction 1492 1863-1865 - Right colic vein 62 - Visceral venous plexus 63 - Chronic compartment syn- - Internal thoracic vein 61, 61, 65 - Sacral venous plexus 63 Vein of Galen malformations drome 1493 - Internal venous plexus 63 - Saphenous vein 63, 70, 1139. 1265, 1282 - Chronic venous insufficiency - Internal vertebral venous 863-864, 881, 883, 886, 1800 - Brain herniation 1139 1493 plexus 65 - Short gastric junction 1683 - Classification 1139 - Collateral pathways 1492 - Lateral circumflex femoral vein - Short gastric vein 656 - Diagnosis 1139 - Cutaneous atrophy 1494 1490 - Short portal vein 1812 - High-output cardiac failure - Dermatosclerosis 1494 - Lateral marginal veins 63 - Short saphenous vein 1139 - Epifascial system 1492 - Lateral sinus 1103 1490-1491 - Hydrocephalus 1139-1140 - Epifascial venous system 1493 - Lateral thoracic vein 62 - Sigmoid sinus 65, 1126, 1131, 1251 - Indications 1140 - Fasciosclerosis 1494 - Lateral thyroid vein 1811 - Sigmoid vein 62 - Intracranial hemorrhage 1139 - Incompetence of peripheral ve- - Left brachiocephalic vein 65 - Sinusoids of the liver 62 - Intracranial pressure 1139 nous pump 1493 - Left cardiac vein 64 - Small cardiac vein 64 - Procedure 1140 - Intermittent venous claudi- Left colic vein 62 Small saphenous vein 61 Vein valve 1868 caion 1493 - Left gastric vein 62 - Spermatic venous plexus 1863 Veins 54 - Liposclerosis 1494 - Left posterior ventricular vein - Splenic vein 61, 66, 656, 1686, - Arteriovenous anastomosis 56 - Microcirculation 1493-1494 64 1686 - Collecting Veins 55 - Neuropathy 1494 - Left umbilical vein 71 - Subarachnoid internal venous - Endothelial cell 56 - Osteoarthritis 1493 - Leptomeningeal vein 1251 plexus 1253 - Innervation 55 - Perforator vein incompetence - Long portal vein 1812 - Subclavian vein 61, 1490 - Occlusion 97 1493 - Long saphenous vein 1490 - Submucosal esophageal veins - Permeability 55 - Peripheral pressure 1492 -1491 1695 - Venules s. Venules - Peripheral venous pump 1493 - Lower thyroid vein 61 - Superficial cerebral veins 65 Velocardiofacial syndrome 43 - Pressure-volume curve 1492 - Lumbar vein 62, 1492 - Superficial circumflex iliac vein velocities Flow velocities 407, - Private circulation 1493 - Marginal sinus 65 63 414, 166o - Progressive fibrous prolifera- - Medial circumflex femoral vein - Superficial cortical vein 1103 Velocity 702, 731 tion 1494 1490 - Superficial epigastric vein 61 Velocity profile 139,706 - Progressive muscular atrophy - Median cubital vein 61 - Superficial femoral vein 1439, - Arterial bifurcation 142 1493 - Medullary vein 1103, 1265 1490,1503,1531 - Circular tube 139 - Reflux 1493 - Middle cardiac vein 64 - Superficial temporal vein 61 - Curvature 142 - Respiratory modulation 1492 - Middle colic vein 62 - Superficial veins 61 - Laminar flow 139 - Secondary valvular incompe- - Middle rectal vein 63 - Superior epigastric vein 62 - Streamlines 142 tence 1492 - Occipital sinus 65 - Superior hemorrhoidal vascu- - Turbulent flow 139 - Subfascial venous system 1493 - Occipital vein 61 lar plexus 1703 Velocity s. Blood velocity - Thrombotic occlusion 1492 - Ophthalmic vein 1249 - Superior mesenteric vein 61, Vena cava syndrome 1430 - Transcutaneous oxygen - Ovarian vein 61, 1812 62, 67, 656, 1688 Vena caval filters 1515 pressure 1494 - Pampiniform plexus 62, 69, - Superior ophthalmic vein 62, Venoarteriolar axon reflex 179 - Transfascial venous system 1863,1865 1130-1133 Venography 1369,1499,1503, 1509, 1493 - Pancreatic vein 655 - Superior pancreaticoduodenal 1516,1527,1865 - Valvular incompetence 1493 - Pancreaticoduodenal vein 62 vein 1687 Veno-occlusive disease 1705 - Varicose veins 1492 1940 SUBJECT INDEX

Venous hemodynamics Ventricular rupture Viral arteritis 102 - Airway stritcure 1601 - Venous drainage 1493 - Free wall rupture 868 Visceral artery stenosis 1725 - Alveolar hemorrhage 1601, - Venous hypertension 1493 - Septal rupture 868 Visceral vascular system 636, 652 1603,1763 - Venous insufficiency 1493 Ventricular septal defect 1485 Angiography 591, 602 - ANCA 1763-1764 - Venous microangiopathy 1493 Ventricular septal rupture 596 Viscoelastic effects 126, 133 - Antimyeloperoxidase antiodies - Venous outflow 1492 Ventricular shunting 1277 Viscoelasticity 152,344 1763 - Venous return mechanism Ventricular tachycardia 761, 922, Viscosity 731 - Antiserine proeinase-3 anti- 1493 972 VistaFlex stent 1428-1429 bodies 1763 - Venous volume flow 1492 Ventriculography 621, 1218 Visual deficit 1180, 1285 - Arthralgia 1763 Venous hydrostatic indifference Ventriculotomy 1203, 1228 Visual field defect 384, 1180 - Asthma 1601 point 178 Venturi effect 1355 Visual field loss 1179 - Biospy 1603 Venous hypertension 1493, Venules 54 Visual loss 1130,1177, 1576 - cANCA 1604, 1763 1500-1503,1527, 1532 - Arteriovenous anastomosis 56 Vitamin B12 1495 - Cerebral vasculitis 1763 Venous insufficiency 1493,1542 - Collecting venules 55 Vitamin B6 1495 - Cholesteratoma 1601 Venous microangiopathy 1493 - Innervation 55 Vitamin C 101, 734, 801, 891, - Chronic sinusitis 1601 Venous occlusion plethysmogra- - Muscular venules 55 893-894> 900, 1011 - Classification 16oo phy 1369, 1371 - Permeability 55 Vitamin D 104 - Clinical manifestation 1601, - Air plethysmography 1371 - Postcapillary venules 55 Vitamin E 101, 734, 8oo-8o1, 891, 1763 - Arteriovenous fistula Verapamil 751, 805-806, 881-882, 900,925 - Complications 1763 1371-1372 926,973, 1011, 1032, 1034> 1051, Vitamin K 757 - Conjunctivitis 1602,1763 - Priciple 1371 1057 Vitamin K antagonist 1512 - CRP 1763 - Reactive hyperemia 1372 Verotoxin receptor 1771 Vitamin K deficiency 293 - Cyclophosphamide 1764 - Resting blood flow 1372 Versican 207, 223 Vitrectomy 1166 - Demographics 1601 - Strain-gauge plethysmography Verstibuloauditory neuronitis Vitronectin 225, 844 - Diagnostic studies 1603 1371 949 VLA s. Very late activation anti• - Differential diagnosis 1763 - Sympathectomy 1372 Vertebral artery gen - Dyspnea 1601 - Sympathicolysis 1372 - Stenosis 426 VLDL 780, 793,799-801, 996, - Eosinophilia 1604 - Systolic pressure 1372 - Concomitant vertebral artery 1000, 1830, 1833 - Epidemiology 1601 - Vasospasm 1372 1575 Volume expander 1391 - Epiphora 1602 Venous outflow 1492,1508 - Dissection 426 volumetry Segmental volumetry - Episcleritis 1602, 1763 - obstruction 1240 - Hypoplasia 427 1502 - Etiology 1600 Venous pooling 720 - Occulsion 426 Vomiting 949, 1082, 1095, 1842 - External ophthalmoplegia Venous refill 1373-1374 Vertebral jugular fistula 1133 Von-Willebrand factor 56, 197, 1602 Venous reflux 1863, 1865 Vertebrobasilar artery disease 253> 296, 304, 691, 756, 892, - Focal necrotizing glomeru- Venous return mechanism 1493 1325-1327 996-998, 1337> 1511, 1770-1772, lonephritis 1600-1601, 1764 Venous sinus thrombosis 543 - Basilar artery syndrome 1326 1834 - Frank hematuria 1763 - Clinical manifestation 544 - Diagnosis 1326 Voxel 515 - Generalized urticaria 1602 - Ethology 544 - Epidemiology 1325 Vpolyvinyl alcohol 1105 - Generalized vasculitis 160 - Pathophysiological factors 544 - Pathophysiology 1325 VSD s. Interventricular septal de• - Hemoptysis 1601, 1763 Venous syndromes 394 - Posterior cerebral artery syn- fect - Keratitis 1602 - Acute venous syndromes 394 drome 1326 Vulnerability 327 - Leukocytosis 1763 - Chronic venous syndromes - Superior cerebellar artery syn• VWF s. Von Willebrand factor - Management 1764 395 drome 1326 - Mastoiditis 1601 Venous thromboembolism 1494, - Symptoms 1325 w - Methotrexate 1764 1506-1507,1512,1519,1835 - Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Waist-to-hip ratio 1830 - Microscopic hematuria 1763 Venous thrombosis 1257 1325-1326 Walking distance 1657 - Mononeuritis multiplex 1602 Venous ulcer 1532 - Vertebra-carotid transposition Walking test 1372 - Mulberry gums 1601 Venous valves 1489, 1492 1327 - Claudication distance 1372 - Myalgia 1763 Venous volume flow 1492 Vertebrobasilar insufficiency - Walk-through phenomenon - Necrotizing granuloma 16oo Ventilation-perfusion lung scan 1325-1326,1588 1372 - Necrotizing leukocytoclastic 1635 Vertebrobasilar symptoms Walk-through angina 380 s. angiitis 1764 - High-probability scan 1588-1589 Angina - Neurophilic leukocytosis 1604 1635-1636 Vertebra-carotid transposition Walk-through phenomenon 1372 - Normocytic anemia 1763 - Intermediate-probability scan 1327 Wall thickning 895, 900 - Obstructive pneumonia 1601 1635-1636 Vertigo 1077, 1081-1082,1189, Wallenberg's syndrome 1079 - Optic neuropathy 1763 - Low-probability scan 1326,1576 Wallstent 1305-1307, 1325, 1428, - Pathogenesis 16oo, 1764 1635-1636 Very late activation antigen-4 938 1471-1474 - Pathology 1764 Ventricular aneurysm 859 Vessel geometry 141 Warfarin 291, 293,757, 823,956, - Pauci-immune glomeru- Ventricular arrhythmia 736, - Branching 142 1092, 1701, 1729 lonephritis 1763-1764 859-860,971,975, 1570 - Branch-to-trunk area 142 Water hammer effect 84, 88 - Peripheral neuropathy 1602 - Ventricular tachyarrhythmia - Curvature 142 Watermelon stomach s. Gastric - Polyarthitis 1602 748,1820 - Dean number 142 antral vascular ectasia - Prednisolone 1764 Ventricular compression 1517 - Hemodynamic 141 Wave reflection 116, 119, 120, 126 - Prognosis 1604, 1764 Ventricular contractility 134 - Newtonian flow 142 - Aortic pressure wave 120 - Proptosis 1602 Ventricular dilatation 1166 - Shear stress 142 - Arterial compliance analysis - Proteinuria 1763 Ventricular drainage 1293 - Velocity profile 142 126 - Pyoderma gangrenosum 1602, Ventricular dysfunction 695, 857, Vessel rupture 1119-1120 - Arterial input impedance 120 1763 859, 866, 869, 881 Vessel wall pathology 668 - Augmentation index 120, 130 - Red cell casts 1763 - Diastolic 735 Vessel wall hyperplasia 538 - Reflected waves 120 - Renal transplantation 1764 - Left ventricular dysfunction Viagra 804, 1873 - Separating pressure waves 120, - Retinal vasculitis 1763 1614 Vibratine tool disease 108 130 - Rheumatoid arthritis Ventricular fibrillation 596, 720, Vibrational injuries 1412 Weakness 1352 1603-1604 748,761, 922,972 Vicosity Plasma viscosity 1391 Weber's rule 597 - Saddle nose 1601 Ventricular hypertrophy Video-imaging system 597 Weber's syndrome 1079, 1191 - Scleritis 1602 1023-1027,1096,1840-1841, Vieussens collateral 616 Wegener's granulomatosis - Strawberry gums 1601 1843> 1847 Vimentin 211, 270, 939 357-360,362-363,481,484,538, - Treatment 1604 - Right ventricular hypertrophy Vincristine 1049, 1771 936,938, 940, 943, 1103, - Uveitis 1763 1614, 1622, 1633, 1643 Vinculin 206 1599-1604,1608,1708, - Wegener's granulomatosis EKL Ventricular remodeling 990, 992, VIP s. Vasoactive intestinal pep• 1762-1763, 1765 classification 1601 1819 tide - Acute phase proteins 1763 Weibel-Palade bodies 56,1770 SUBJECT INDEX 1941

Weight 781, 1028 - Cerebral vasospasm 582 - Core shadow 595 - Projections 624, 643 Weil's syndrome 958 - Cerebrobasliar insufficiency - Coronary artery application - Pulmonary arteriography 637, Werner's syndrome 107, 1414 582 602 656 Westermark's sign 1634 - Cerebrovascular disease 582 - CT 1551 - Puncture site 639 Whipple's disease 959 - Chronic occlusive cerebro- - Detective quantum efficiency - Quantum detection efficiency White atrophy 395,1501-1503 vascular disease 580, 582 6oo 6oo WHO classification 1016 - Clinical protocol 581 - Detector surface 595 - Radiation burden 595 Widespread lipohyalinosis 1096 - Degenerative disorders 580 - Detectors 596 - Radiation hazard 593 William's syndrome 41,370,1563 - Dementia 580 - Detrimental effect 593 - Raman Effect 594-595 William-Beuren syndrome 488 - Fick principle 581 - Diagnostic process 594, 636 - Renal arteriography 637, 650 Windkessel function 51, 88, 122, - Head injury 580, 582 - Digital systems 6oo - Saturation point 597 151,718 - Hounsfield units 581 - Digitalization 6oo - Scattered rays 593, 596, 598 - Area method 125 - Hydrocephalus 580 - Direct conversion 596 - Secondary emission 594 - Arterial wall mechanics 151 - Imaging 582 - DSA 643 - Secondary radiation 593 - Decay-time method 125 - Indications 582 - DSA frame rate 643 - Selective catheterisation 640 - Four-element Windkessel - Kety-Schmidt principle 581 - Electron-optical system 596 - Signal-dependent transfer 6oo model 123, 133 - Limitation 581 - Fluorescent lamps 597 - Signal-to-noise ratio 598 - Pressure 125 - Normal value 582 - Focus 596 - Solid state detectors 596 - Pulse pressure method 125 - Physical principles 581 - Fourier transform 599 - Technical principles 593 - Ratio of stroke volume 126, 134 - Subarachnoid hemorrhage - Free electrons 596 - Video-imaging system 597 - Three-element Windkessel 580, 582-584 - Grudel technique 596 - Visceral vascular system 636, model 123 - Technical principles 581 - High-energy electrons 593 652 - Total arterial compliance 125, - Wash-in 581 - Human visual system 597 - Visualization 596 130,133 - Washout 581 - Image formation 595 - Weber's rule 597 - Total peripheral resistance 125, X-Ray 591 - Image intensifiers 596 - Window width 598 133 - Absorbed radiation 595 - Image quality 597 - X-ray assembly 593 - Two-element Windkessel - Absorption 593 - Indications 637, 642, 646 - X-ray scintillator 596 model 122, 125 - Air-gap technique 596 - Indirect conversion 596 - X-ray tube 594 Winiwarter-Biiger disease 1395, - Aliasing 6oo - Intensity level 597 X-ray angiography 1342 1403 - Angiographic equipment 638 - Interaction 594 - Digital subtraction angiogra- Wolff-Chaikoff effect 1821 - Angiographic examination - Iodine 595 phy 1342 Womersley number 141 642,647 - Light box 596-597 - Iodinated contrast agents 1342 Wound hematoma 1536 - Angiographic findings 644, 647 - Linearity 6oo - Nephrotoxicity 1342 Wound infection 861, 871, 1454 - Angiographic imaging process - Liquid crystal display 597 - Thyroid dysfunction 1342 Wound milieu 1504 597 - Mammography 595 Wrap clip 1198 - Angiography 591, 602, 636 - Modulation transfer function y - Angiography suite 638 599 Y+transporter system 192 X - Anode 593 - Monitors 597 Yasargil clip 1197,1267 Xanthine oxidase 192, 888, 900 - Aortic branch vessel 640 - Natural contrast 595 Yellow ocher purpura 1501 Xanthomatous 85 - Aortography 637, 646 - Optical density 598 Y-graft 863, 882 Xenograft 1004 - Braking radiation 594 - Pelvic arteriography 637, 654 Yield point 133Xenon 580, 583-585 - Bremsstralllung 594 - Peripheral angiography 637 Yohimbine 185 Xenon-133-washout method 584 - Bronchial arteriography 637 - Peripheral shadow 595 Young elasticity modulus 132,151, - Carotid endarterectomy 584 - Carotid arteriography 637, 649 - Peripheral vascular system 342 - Look-through phenomenon - Cathode 594, 596 636,642 584 - Cesium iodide 596 - Phase transfer function 599 z Xenon-enhanced computed to• - Coherent scatter 594 - Photoelectric effect 595 Zinc 101 mography 577, 1177 - Complications 641 - Photon 594 Zinc paste 1504 - Acute ischemic stroke 582-583 - Compton scatter 595 - Physical aspects 597 Zocor 799 - Acute occlusive cerebrovas- - Contraindications 638 - Point spread function 599 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome cular disease 580, 582 - Contrast 598 - Polycrystalline silicium pho- 1698-1699 - Brain death 580 - Contrast dose 643 todetector 596 Zona fasciculata 1811 - Brain-blood partition co- - Contrast flow rate 643 - Portal arteriography 637, 655 Zona glomerulosa 1811 efficient 581 - Contrast material 638 - Primary radiation 593, 595 Zona reticularis 1811 - Cerebral arteriovenous - Contrast medium 593 - Production of x-rays 594 Zonulae occludentes 54 malformations 582 - Convolution 6oo - Projection system 597 s. Capillaries