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A Framework for Short Tweak Tweakable Block Cipher
Elastic-Tweak: A Framework for Short Tweak Tweakable Block Cipher Avik Chakraborti1, Nilanjan Datta2, Ashwin Jha2, Cuauhtemoc Mancillas Lopez3, Mridul Nandi2, Yu Sasaki1 1 NTT Secure Platform Laboratories, Japan 2 Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India 3 Computer Science Department, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico [email protected], nilanjan isi [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. Tweakable block cipher (TBC), a stronger notion than stan- dard block ciphers, has wide-scale applications in symmetric-key schemes. At a high level, it provides flexibility in design and (possibly) better security bounds. In multi-keyed applications, a TBC with short tweak values can be used to replace multiple keys. However, the existing TBC construction frameworks, including TWEAKEY and XEX, are designed for general purpose tweak sizes. Specifically, they are not optimized for short tweaks, which might render them inefficient for certain resource constrained applications. So a dedicated paradigm to construct short- tweak TBCs (tBC) is highly desirable. In this paper, we present a ded- icated framework, called the Elastic-Tweak framework (ET in short), to convert any reasonably secure SPN block cipher into a secure tBC. We apply the ET framework on GIFT and AES to construct efficient tBCs, named TweGIFT and TweAES. We present hardware and software results to show that the performance overheads for these tBCs are minimal. We perform comprehensive security analysis and observe that TweGIFT and TweAES provide sufficient security without any increase in the number of block cipher rounds when compared to GIFT and AES. -
Unicode Request for Cyrillic Modifier Letters Superscript Modifiers
Unicode request for Cyrillic modifier letters L2/21-107 Kirk Miller, [email protected] 2021 June 07 This is a request for spacing superscript and subscript Cyrillic characters. It has been favorably reviewed by Sebastian Kempgen (University of Bamberg) and others at the Commission for Computer Supported Processing of Medieval Slavonic Manuscripts and Early Printed Books. Cyrillic-based phonetic transcription uses superscript modifier letters in a manner analogous to the IPA. This convention is widespread, found in both academic publication and standard dictionaries. Transcription of pronunciations into Cyrillic is the norm for monolingual dictionaries, and Cyrillic rather than IPA is often found in linguistic descriptions as well, as seen in the illustrations below for Slavic dialectology, Yugur (Yellow Uyghur) and Evenki. The Great Russian Encyclopedia states that Cyrillic notation is more common in Russian studies than is IPA (‘Transkripcija’, Bol’šaja rossijskaja ènciplopedija, Russian Ministry of Culture, 2005–2019). Unicode currently encodes only three modifier Cyrillic letters: U+A69C ⟨ꚜ⟩ and U+A69D ⟨ꚝ⟩, intended for descriptions of Baltic languages in Latin script but ubiquitous for Slavic languages in Cyrillic script, and U+1D78 ⟨ᵸ⟩, used for nasalized vowels, for example in descriptions of Chechen. The requested spacing modifier letters cannot be substituted by the encoded combining diacritics because (a) some authors contrast them, and (b) they themselves need to be able to take combining diacritics, including diacritics that go under the modifier letter, as in ⟨ᶟ̭̈⟩BA . (See next section and e.g. Figure 18. ) In addition, some linguists make a distinction between spacing superscript letters, used for phonetic detail as in the IPA tradition, and spacing subscript letters, used to denote phonological concepts such as archiphonemes. -
+1. Introduction 2. Cyrillic Letter Rumanian Yn
MAIN.HTM 10/13/2006 06:42 PM +1. INTRODUCTION These are comments to "Additional Cyrillic Characters In Unicode: A Preliminary Proposal". I'm examining each section of that document, as well as adding some extra notes (marked "+" in titles). Below I use standard Russian Cyrillic characters; please be sure that you have appropriate fonts installed. If everything is OK, the following two lines must look similarly (encoding CP-1251): (sample Cyrillic letters) АабВЕеЗКкМНОопРрСсТуХхЧЬ (Latin letters and digits) Aa6BEe3KkMHOonPpCcTyXx4b 2. CYRILLIC LETTER RUMANIAN YN In the late Cyrillic semi-uncial Rumanian/Moldavian editions, the shape of YN was very similar to inverted PSI, see the following sample from the Ноул Тестамент (New Testament) of 1818, Neamt/Нямец, folio 542 v.: file:///Users/everson/Documents/Eudora%20Folder/Attachments%20Folder/Addons/MAIN.HTM Page 1 of 28 MAIN.HTM 10/13/2006 06:42 PM Here you can see YN and PSI in both upper- and lowercase forms. Note that the upper part of YN is not a sharp arrowhead, but something horizontally cut even with kind of serif (in the uppercase form). Thus, the shape of the letter in modern-style fonts (like Times or Arial) may look somewhat similar to Cyrillic "Л"/"л" with the central vertical stem looking like in lowercase "ф" drawn from the middle of upper horizontal line downwards, with regular serif at the bottom (horizontal, not slanted): Compare also with the proposed shape of PSI (Section 36). 3. CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED A file:///Users/everson/Documents/Eudora%20Folder/Attachments%20Folder/Addons/MAIN.HTM Page 2 of 28 MAIN.HTM 10/13/2006 06:42 PM I support the idea that "IA" must be separated from "Я". -
Technical Reference Manual for the Standardization of Geographical Names United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names
ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/87 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Division Technical reference manual for the standardization of geographical names United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names United Nations New York, 2007 The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which Member States of the United Nations draw to review common problems and to take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in the present publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The term “country” as used in the text of this publication also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/87 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. -
The Power of Advertising the Billboard Publishing Co
AUSTRALIA Mf MABTIM C. BEEiniAV. 11< Oi»tl«r»»»k itr#*!, Bfiaaf Sydney, May 17-’ —Th* cooler weether U conuna alona and, IIn miny Inetencee, buelneee appears to he improi>Tinit at tbc rarious tbcatera The Power of Advertising and picture houHCS.I. Romp of tbe latter bad not been doina »o. 'well of late. .Talk Mu-^arove. <•roiitln of Harry O. Mtiagrore, nbo recent l.T returned from Soutb Africa* la office of the circuit, which Pear’s for the Bath and Ivory for iiii» al the Sjdney ja aitiiated at the Tlroll Theater. Arranae- Iwd ^1 norant any more the Wash Tub. ments have just lu-en completed by itr. Mua- froTC for direct reprei ■entatlon with the 1. V. who denies the It has put Arrow Collars T. A., I/'odon. fc.and™ -IlarrinKton Miller baa been around your neck and Ingersolls installed In the same biilldlnE as thta oraanisa- tion so that he ran bc Johnny-on-the apot. as around your wrist. it were, He will be Harry O. Miisarove's Advertising has personal replirceentatlTp and no better man could It has filled you full of Shrcd- hare been secured for the lioKition, a* he for made the Victrola Dog famous. tlcd and Flaked Foods, Canned nunr rears o»'euiiip<l a prominent pOKition in the entertainment field of this country and Advertising has made the sig¬ \"cgclal)lcs, Fruits and Meats, retired well and tnil.v flnaneial. nature of Thomas A. Edison an then sold you Bayer’s to rid you (Icne Carr, brother of Alex Carr, arriyed here nnostentatioiisly last week and will try and image stamped on nearly every of headaches. -
Old Cyrillic in Unicode*
Old Cyrillic in Unicode* Ivan A Derzhanski Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [email protected] The current version of the Unicode Standard acknowledges the existence of a pre- modern version of the Cyrillic script, but its support thereof is limited to assigning code points to several obsolete letters. Meanwhile mediæval Cyrillic manuscripts and some early printed books feature a plethora of letter shapes, ligatures, diacritic and punctuation marks that want proper representation. (In addition, contemporary editions of mediæval texts employ a variety of annotation signs.) As generally with scripts that predate printing, an obvious problem is the abundance of functional, chronological, regional and decorative variant shapes, the precise details of whose distribution are often unknown. The present contents of the block will need to be interpreted with Old Cyrillic in mind, and decisions to be made as to which remaining characters should be implemented via Unicode’s mechanism of variation selection, as ligatures in the typeface, or as code points in the Private space or the standard Cyrillic block. I discuss the initial stage of this work. The Unicode Standard (Unicode 4.0.1) makes a controversial statement: The historical form of the Cyrillic alphabet is treated as a font style variation of modern Cyrillic because the historical forms are relatively close to the modern appearance, and because some of them are still in modern use in languages other than Russian (for example, U+0406 “I” CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I is used in modern Ukrainian and Byelorussian). Some of the letters in this range were used in modern typefaces in Russian and Bulgarian. -
The Case of Robert Gober = Der Fall Robert Gober
The case of Robert Gober = Der Fall Robert Gober Autor(en): Liebmann, Lisa / Nansen Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Parkett : the Parkett series with contemporary artists = Die Parkett- Reihe mit Gegenwartskünstlern Band (Jahr): - (1989) Heft 21: Collaboration Alex Katz PDF erstellt am: 27.09.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-680389 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch L/Sd T/.EÄAMAGV THE BOBESZ GOBER, ZWZZTZED (7M/R OES/AOLS',)/OHNE TITEL (ZWEI BECKEN), 1985, PZASTBR, WOOD, R7RZZA7Z/, SPEEZ, SSM/- CASE OF GZOSS RAMMBZ PA/AIP, 2 P/SCSS/ GIPS, HOLZ, MASCHENDRAHT, STAHL, SEIDENGLANZ-EMAILFARBE, 2-TEILIG, OKERAZZ/ ZUSAMMEN: 50x 54*27 "/ 76 x213 x 68 cm. -
Tu; ?F/75 a Zerctctme Detector for Nuclear
TU; ?F/75 A ZERCTCTME DETECTOR FOR NUCLEAR FRAO1ENTS US I! IG CHANNEL FLECTRnN MULTIPLIER PLATES Bo Sundqvist Tanden Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden •Hr '.vACT: . *-. literature on zerotime detectors which use the emission of ". ocndary electrons from a thin foil is reviewed. The construction • a zerotiine detector using multiplication of the secondary •,'2Ctrons with two Mallard channel electron multiplier-plates (CEMP) •.' tandem is described. Results of tests of such a detector with a particles from a natural a source are given. Tstal time resolutions of about 200 ps (FVHM) with a Si(Sb) detector as the stop detector has been achieved. The contribution from the zerotiine detector is estimated to be less than 150 ps (FVJW). The application of this detector technique to the construction of a heavy-ion spectrometer o and a Be detector is discussed. This work was supported by the 9wedish Atomic Research Council CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON ZEROTIME DETECTORS USING 5 THIN ELECTRON EMITTING FOILS 3 THE CHANNEL ELECTRON HiLTTPLTER PLATE (CEHP), AND ITS 8 USE IN ZEROTIME DETECTORS i* THE CONSTRUCTION OF A ZEROTIME DETECTOR USING CEMP 10 MULTIPLICATION OF SECONDARY EMITTED ELECTRONS FROM A THEN FOIL 5 TESTS OF THE SEEZT-DETECTOF. AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS lu 6 FUTURE APPLICATIONS OF THIS DETECTOR TECHNIQUE 17 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 19 REFERENCES 20 TABLE CAPTIONS 22 TÄBIZS 23 FIGURE CAPTIONS 25 FIGURES 25 1 INTRODUCTION The interest has recently been growing rapidly in the corrlex nuclear reactions in which the ingoing particles induce neny different reactions. To be able to study a particular reaction the fragments produced must be identified, i e the ness (M) the nuclear charge (Z) and the energy (E) of the different fragRjents have to be determined. -
Ankes Drejtuar TAP
Ankes drejtuar TAP Ngjeli Komini August 31, 2016 Une i nenshkruari Ngjeli Toli Komini, me banim ne fshatin Konezbalt, rethi Berat dhe nr telefoni , ju drejtohem me ane te kesaj ankese faktet e ceshtjes: Une Ngjeli Komini jam Indetifikuar si person i prekur nga gazsjellesi TAP. Kam ne pronesi nje parcel me nr535./ 10 me nje sip 2800m2 nga kjo siperfaqe 1937.95 m2 do te me okupohen nga TAP. Kete sip e kam te mbjell vresht (rrush) i cili ne momentin qe nuk kan filluar akoma punimet po shkon ne vitin e 5-ste (peste) dhe per kete siperfaqe me eshte ofruar ne kontraten e pare nje shume si me posht: Per qeran e sip 1937.95m 401 156.77 LEK per kompesimin e servitutit me sip 149.67m2 eshte 61 963.50 LEK per kompesimin e te mbjellave per te cilen une bej kete ankes jam vleresuar per vreshtim me rush ne vleren 479 624.32 LEK. Vreshti im po shkon ne vitin e 5 dhe vleresohet me shumen si ne vitin e 2 te mbjelljes. Pretendimet e mia jan keto: shume kompesime nuk mbulon harxhimet qe une kam bere per ta sjell kete vresht ne vitin e peste dhe nuk do te me kompesoj prodhimin qe une do merrja per 2 vjet qe ai eshte ne perdorim nga TAP. Ketij vreshti do ti nevojiten dhe 5 vjet te tjera te vij ne kete gjendje prodhimi: TAP-i sot po ma prish; dhe tjetra eshte qe une nuk mund ta mbjell me vresht mbi servitut qe eshte nje sip prej 149.95 m kam mar 2 vlera te ndryshme per te njejten parcel e dyta me e ulet se e para. -
AIX Globalization
AIX Version 7.1 AIX globalization IBM Note Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 233 . This edition applies to AIX Version 7.1 and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2010, 2018. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents About this document............................................................................................vii Highlighting.................................................................................................................................................vii Case-sensitivity in AIX................................................................................................................................vii ISO 9000.....................................................................................................................................................vii AIX globalization...................................................................................................1 What's new...................................................................................................................................................1 Separation of messages from programs..................................................................................................... 1 Conversion between code sets............................................................................................................. -
Culturetalk Albania Video Transcripts: Let’S Have a Coffee
CultureTalk Albania Video Transcripts: http://langmedia.fivecolleges.edu Let’s Have a Coffee Southern Albanian dialect Albanian transcript: 1: Po persa i perket ngjashmerive apo ndryshimeve ne pervojen tende ne Turqi dhe Amerike? Persa i perket, bjen fjala, funeraleve, ditelindjeve, festave, vizitave – nqs veme kete pervoje ne sfond. 2: Po... 1: Ose, nuk eshte e thene qe te vihet pikerisht kjo, ky rast, por dhe ndonje rast tjeter qe ti mendon se mund te jete interesant nese perballet me pervoja, po themi, Stambolli apo Amerika. 2: Po tani te gjithe... Ekziston nje besim i tille qe e kam vene re ne shume shqiptare qe psh, ne ne Shqiperi kemi... ne jemi shume, dmth... keta kulturat e tjera si psh, turqit ose amerikanet se varet nga konteksti, jane me artificiale. Dmth ndryshimi per ne. Por nje gje qe me vjen per te qeshur, ca njerez, jo te gjithe njerez, por ca njerez ne Shqiperi dalin per xhiro, ne Shqiperi. Psh, bejne promonaden ose familjarisht ose vetem. Ketu, edhe ne Turqi, edhe ne Amerike, edhe une, edhe shume njerez dalin te shikojne. Por eshte me ndryshe. Ka me pak ceremoni se si ndodh ne Shqiperi. Ajo eshte nje ndryshim qe mund te pakten thuhet. E dyta, njerezit ne Shqiperi shkojne per kafe, dhe eshte gje e madhe. Ndersa edhe ne Turqi, edhe ne Amerike – po i ve Turqine dhe Ameriken bashke – eshte... ky simboli i te shkuarit ne kafe perdoret me pak. Ne Shqiperi per cdo gje “do pime nje kafe”. Tani dihet ajo qe nuk do pish kafe, por eshte qe.. -
Informations Utiles À L'intégration De Nouvelles Langues Européennes
Dossier Informations utiles à l'intégration de nouvelles langues européennes recueillies par Holger Bagola (DIR/A-Cellule «Méthodes et développements», section «Formats et systèmes documentaires») Version 1.5 August 2004 Table des matières 0. Introduction ...............................................................................................................................4 1. Les langues ...............................................................................................................................4 2. Les lettres et les caractères spéciaux.........................................................................................5 3. L'encodage ...............................................................................................................................6 4. Les formats ...............................................................................................................................6 5. Les tris ...............................................................................................................................7 6. Les mots «vides» .........................................................................................................................7 7. Vocabulaires harmonisés ...........................................................................................................8 8. Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................8 9. Références ...............................................................................................................................8