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MEETING of St. Petersburg Joint Institute for Nuclear Research MEETING of St. Petersburg Fourth International conference, dedicated to N.W. Timofeeff-Ressovsky and his scientific school MODERN PROBLEMS OF GENETICS, RADIOBIOLOGY, RADIOECOLOGY, AND EVOLUTION Fourth Readings after V.I. Korogodin & V.I. Shevchenko IUR Advanced Research Workshop RADIOECOLOGY MEETS RADIOBIOLOGY: A REAPPRAISAL OF BASIC MECHANISMS OF RADIATION St. Petersburg, 2-6 June 2015 ABSTRACTS PAPERS BY YOUNG SCIENTISTS Dubna, 2015 1 The collection contains Theses of the reports presented at the Meeting of St. Petersburg and Short papers by young scientists submitted to the competition after N.W. Timofeeff-Ressovsky. The Theses and young scientists Papers are published in the authors’ wording. The responsibility for misprints in the report and paper texts is held by the authors of the reports. The book is composed by V.L. Korogodina. Title page design: V.L. Korogodina. 2 ORGANIZERS: Department of Biological Sciences, RAS; Genetics Department of Moscow State University; Genetics and Biotechnology Department of SPb State University; Genetics Society of America; International Union of Radioecology; Institute of Cytology and Genetics SD RAS, Novosibirsk; Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, UD RAS, Yekaterinburg; Institute of Medicine-Biology Problems, Moscow; Institute of Industrial Ecology, UD RAS, Yekaterinburg; International Association of Academies of Sciences; Joint Council “Biology and Medicine”; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Medical Radiological Scientific Centre, Russian Ministry of Healthcare, Obninsk; National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk; St. Petersburg Scientific Centre, RAS; Scientific Council “Ecology and Natural Resources”; Scientific Council on Genetics and Breeding, RAS; Scientific Council on Radiobiological Problems, RAS; The Max Delbruck Molecular Medicine Centre (Berlin-Buch, Germany); The N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS; The N.I. Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Selectionists (Russia) Co-chairs: Acad. of RAS S.G. Inge-Vechtomov (Russia) Prof. C. Mothersill (Canada) Acad. of RAS R.M. Alexakhin (Russia) Cor.-member of RAS Eu.A. Krasavin (Russia, JINR) Honorary co-chairs: Acad. of RAS, A.I. Grigor’ev (Russia) Acad. of RAS, V.A. Matveev (Russia, JINR) Acad. of RAMS, A.F. Tsyb (Russia) Scientific secretary: V.L. Korogodina (Russia, JINR) 3 Programme committee: E.B. Burlakova (Russia) M. Lynch (USA) M. Durante (Germany) T. Mousseau (USA) G. Erzgraeber (Germany) N Rajewsky (Germany) S.A. Geras'kin (Russia) M.A. Reformatskaya (Russia) D.M. Grodzinsky (Ukraine) M. Rosemann (Germany) D.I. Gudkov (Ukraine) C. Seymour (Canada) V.K. Ivanov (Russia) V.K. Shumnyj (Russia) N.A. Kolchanov (Russia) I.A. Tikhonovich (Russia) Eu.V. Koonin (USA) M.V. Zhukovsky (Russia) Yu. A. Kutlakhmedov (Ukraine) Local committee: JINR, Dubna SPbNC, St. Petersburg Chairman: Chairman: V.A. Matveev S.G. Inge-Vechtomov Scientific secretary: Scientific secretary: V.L. Korogodina L.A. Japaridze 4 TOPICS OF THE CONFERENCE Genetics Genome integrity Protein inheritance Mechanisms of global and region-specific control of mutagenesis Stress-induced mutagenesis Cancer genetics Sections: Mechanisms of genetic processes; Cancer genetics and cancer therapy Discussion: Variability laws Radiobiology Non-targeted radiation effects Modulating effect of linear energy transfer Epigenetics of radiation-induced genome instability Genomic instability in the offspring of irradiated parents Epidemiology of radiation Sections: Radiobiology effects; Radiation effects on human Discussion: Low radiation: mechanisms and effects Radiation ecology Characteristics of natural and anthropogenic radiation Regularities of radionuclide migration Radiation effect on populations and ecosystems Biodiversity: formation of species/degradation of species community Influence of environment conditions on radiation effects Sections: Radiation terrestrial & hydroecology; Radionuclide migration & distribution; Accumulation of radionuclides & radiation exposure Discussion: Dependence of biodiversity on radiation characteristics and environment conditions Evolution Progressive evolution in terms of physics Evolution of the genomic universe Evolution of biodiversity Possibility space for evolution Evolution of bacterial genomes Evolution of ethological structure of populations Anthropogenesis Discussion: evolution principles in biology Memorial 5 ABSTRACTS OF PRESENTATIONS 6 GENETICS 7 Mechanisms of genetic processes 8 THE CORRECTION OF THE UV-INDUCED MUTAGENESIS BY EXTRACT FROM KIWI FRUIT Akbarova Gunay Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan It were done experiments on the Escherichia coli cells with normal genotype (B/r WP2 K-12 and AB 1157) and their derivatives with defects in the reparation genes: 1885 AV (uvrB¯), BHL 1 (rec A¯), JC 5519 (rec BC¯), JC 9239 (rec F¯) and SM 561 (lex A¯) to identify the characteristics of the correction of the UV-induced mutagenesis by kiwifruit extract. There was mutagenesis decreased by 0,001% extract in UV-irradiated cells as wild type and rec BC¯cells with a high efficiency and in recA¯ lexA¯cells with substantially reduced efficiency. The efficiency of mutagenesis modifications practically absent in uvrB¯ and rec F¯ mutants. Thereby the management of resistant of E.coli cells to mutagenic UV-radiation on the given stage of the mutation process is largely due to the state of activity of the uvr В и rec F genes products and relatively less - rec A and lex A genes products. The modifying effect of kiwifruit extract at the final stages of the mutagenesis is realized in the interaction between the two main ways of eliminating of induced primary damages of DNA. One of them is related to the state of the activity of the error-free DNA repair system, which is under the control of the constitutive enzyme of the excision and post-replicate repair: products of uvr B (uvr AB-dependent exonuclease), rec F gene (reparations, but not recombination function of the unidentified product), rec BC gene (UV-induced endonuclease) and is always active of one of the two centers of recA gene (protein RecA). Another way depends on the allelic state of lex A genes (protein Lex A) and the second center of rec A gene and is associated with the suppression of flowing with errors the inducible DNA repair system. Its important feature is that increasing the viability of cells carrying DNA damage, it also increases the total number of mutations. It indicates that the related part of kiwifruit extract in two main process of elimination of the primary damage of the DNA determines the sufficiently high efficiency of modifications of induced mutagenesis at the final stages of mutations formation. 9 INSTABILITY OF INTERSTITIAL TELOMERIC SEQUENCES Anna Y. Aksenova1,2, Gil Han1, Alexander A. Shishkin1, Kirill V. Volkov2 and Sergei M. Mirkin1 1Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 2St.Petersburg State University, St.Petersburg, Russia, 198504 Besides chromosomal ends, telomeric repeats are also present in internal parts of the chromosomes. Such sequences are called Interstitial Telomeric Sequences (ITSs) and are present in many eukaryotic genomes. For instance, human genome contains more than 50 sites of short ITSs (s-ITSs). Some of these sequences are polymorphic in length and their role in the genome is unclear. Various observations imply that ITS can trigger genome instability potentially leading to human disease. For instance ITSs were linked to some cancer-related chromosomal rearrangements. Yet the mechanisms responsible for length polymorphism, chromosomal fragility and rearrangements mediated by s- ITSs, including the relative contribution of replication, repair, recombination and transcription to these processes, are little known. This prompted us to study genome instabilities mediated by telomeric repeats placed into internal chromosomal positions in our model yeast system. We found that the generic yeast telomeric repeat (Ytel) was unstable. When its G-rich strand served as a lagging strand template for replication, Ytel repeats triggered gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs) and mutagenesis at a distance [1]. In striking contrast with the G-orientation, no GCRs mediated by Ytel repeats were detected in C-orientation. Instead, those repeats were exceptionally prone to small-to-medium scale expansions. Our genetic analysis revealed that two important pathways, post-replication repair and homologous recombination, appeared to account for Ytel repeat expansions. The same pathways were implicated in the process of alternative telomere lengthening (ALT). Thus, our data on the expansion of ITSs in yeast shed new light on the mechanisms of genome stability and telomere maintenance. [1] Anna Y. Aksenova, Patricia W. Greenwell, Margaret Dominska, Alexander A. Shishkin, Jane C. Kim, Thomas D. Petes, and Sergei M. Mirkin; Genome rearrangements caused by interstitial telomeric sequences in yeast. 2013 PNAS 110 (49) 19866-19871. 10 COMBINING OF RECOMBINATION METHODS WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY IN POTATO BREEDING IN TAJIKISTAN Aliev K., Partoev K., Naimov A. Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetic of Academy Science of the Republic of Tajikistan In our opinion, for increase of efficiency of breeding and seed-growing work in the future the special role belongs to knowledge of biological features of growth and development of plants of potato in various ecological
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